To our knowledge,no single study has systemically compared cryopreservation efficiencies of bovine blastocysts derived from in vitro fertilization （IVF）,intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） and somatic cell nuc...To our knowledge,no single study has systemically compared cryopreservation efficiencies of bovine blastocysts derived from in vitro fertilization （IVF）,intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） and somatic cell nuclear transfer （SCNT） by controlled freezing and vitrification.This experiment,therefore,was designed to compare the cryopreservation of these blastocysts with controlled freezing and OPS vitrification.Adenosine-5’-triphosphate （ATP） content and reactive oxygen species （ROS） level in blastocysts were also analyzed.Firstly,for each type of blastocyst （IVF,ICSI or SCNT）,significant differences were observed between the survival rates of the controlled freezing （（81.56±2.33）,（68.18±4.72） or （47.89±5.83）%） and OPS vitrification groups （（92.24±4.54）,（82.40±3.76） or （78.71±5.91）%;P〈0.05）.Secondly,for each type of blastocyst （IVF,ICSI or SCNT）,ATP content was significantly decreased after controlled freezing or vitrification,and the ATP content in the controlled freezing group （0.43±0.06）,（0.35±0.05） or （0.21±0.02） pmol） was significantly lower than that found in the OPS vitrification group （0.62±0.04）,（0.46±0.03） or （0.30±0.01） pmol;P〈0.05）.Thirdly,ROS level in fresh IVF （（47.33±3.56） c.p.s （counted photons per second）,ICSI （（36.51±2.58） c.p.s） or SCNT blastocysts （（26.44±1.49） c.p.s） was significantly lower than that found in the OPS vitrification group （（72.14±4.31）,（58.89±3.89） or （40.11±5.73） c.p.s;P〈0.05）,but higher than that of the controlled freezing group （34.41±3.32）,（23.13±1.26） or （15.46±2.45） c.p.s;P〈0.05）.The present study indicated that vitrification is more efficient in the cryopreservation of bovine blastocysts derived from IVF,ICSI or SCNT than controlled freezing.Furthermore,both vitrification and controlled freezing significantly altered the ATP content and ROS level in those blastocysts.展开更多
Controlled shear stress （CSS） test was used to study the effect of solid contents on the corresponding rheological parameters for sludge. Three types of sludge with or without conditioning, including activated slud...Controlled shear stress （CSS） test was used to study the effect of solid contents on the corresponding rheological parameters for sludge. Three types of sludge with or without conditioning, including activated sludge （AS）, anaerobic digested sludge （ADS）, and water treatment residuals （WTRs）, were collected for the CSS test. Results showed that the yield stress and the cohesion energy of the sludge networks were improved with increased total suspending solid （TSS） contents in most cases. For the conditioned AS/ADS and the raw WTRs, exponential law was observed in the relationships between cohesion energy of material networks or yield stress and the TSS contents, whereas for the conditioned WTRs, only exponential law dependence was found between the parameters of shear modulus or critical strain and the TSS contents.展开更多
During the 1970’s and 1980’s studies on the rela-tion between LAI and yield had been carried out inGAAS.The main results were as follows:(1)Usingthe accumulated LAI value at three stages,i.e.panicle initiation(PI),h...During the 1970’s and 1980’s studies on the rela-tion between LAI and yield had been carried out inGAAS.The main results were as follows:(1)Usingthe accumulated LAI value at three stages,i.e.panicle initiation(PI),heading(H)and 20 d afterheading(H),to analyze the relation between LAIand yield was more accurrate than only using theLAI value at H stage(see table);(2)Reaching cer-展开更多
目的总结特征图谱的研究现状及热点,为后续开展相关研究提供参考。方法采用计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、Web of Science等数据库中有关特征图谱的研究文献,检索时限为自建库起至2024年7月25日。采用CiteSpace 6.3.R2软件对纳入文...目的总结特征图谱的研究现状及热点,为后续开展相关研究提供参考。方法采用计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、Web of Science等数据库中有关特征图谱的研究文献,检索时限为自建库起至2024年7月25日。采用CiteSpace 6.3.R2软件对纳入文献的年发文量、研究类型、关键词进行可视化分析。结果共纳入1006篇中文文献,年发文量整体呈上升趋势;英文文献63篇,由于数量较少,故未做分析。特征图谱相关中文文献刊发期刊153种,99.01%为研究型论文(996篇),主要涉及中药与方剂、化学、中医与中西医结合等。刊文量排名前3的期刊分别为《药物分析杂志》(112篇)、《中国医院药学杂志》(49篇)、《中药材》(41篇);引用频次排名前3的文献分别为《GC-MS法建立广藿香挥发油指纹特征图谱研究》(131次)、《指纹图谱、特征图谱技术在中药材和中成药中的应用》(105次)、《从HPLC特征图谱分析姜在炮制过程中的化学成分变化》(57次)。关键词出现频次排名前3的分别为特征图谱(681次)、含量测定(127次)、指纹图谱(101次),关键词聚类涉及11个标签,且突现强度较高的关键词主要有标准汤剂(8.33)、含量测定(7.29)、质量评价(5.36)等。中药质量控制及成分含量测定为特征图谱研究的重点内容,研究热点为基于特征图谱的方剂质量控制及评价。结论建议未来将特征图谱广泛用于经典名方、标准汤剂等方剂的质量评价,以保障中药的质量。展开更多
基金supported by the Fund of China Agriculture Research System(CARS-37)the Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Projects of China(2009ZX08011-031B)+1 种基金the Basic Research Fund of IAS,CAAS(2010jc-3-1)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31001011)
文摘To our knowledge,no single study has systemically compared cryopreservation efficiencies of bovine blastocysts derived from in vitro fertilization （IVF）,intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） and somatic cell nuclear transfer （SCNT） by controlled freezing and vitrification.This experiment,therefore,was designed to compare the cryopreservation of these blastocysts with controlled freezing and OPS vitrification.Adenosine-5’-triphosphate （ATP） content and reactive oxygen species （ROS） level in blastocysts were also analyzed.Firstly,for each type of blastocyst （IVF,ICSI or SCNT）,significant differences were observed between the survival rates of the controlled freezing （（81.56±2.33）,（68.18±4.72） or （47.89±5.83）%） and OPS vitrification groups （（92.24±4.54）,（82.40±3.76） or （78.71±5.91）%;P〈0.05）.Secondly,for each type of blastocyst （IVF,ICSI or SCNT）,ATP content was significantly decreased after controlled freezing or vitrification,and the ATP content in the controlled freezing group （0.43±0.06）,（0.35±0.05） or （0.21±0.02） pmol） was significantly lower than that found in the OPS vitrification group （0.62±0.04）,（0.46±0.03） or （0.30±0.01） pmol;P〈0.05）.Thirdly,ROS level in fresh IVF （（47.33±3.56） c.p.s （counted photons per second）,ICSI （（36.51±2.58） c.p.s） or SCNT blastocysts （（26.44±1.49） c.p.s） was significantly lower than that found in the OPS vitrification group （（72.14±4.31）,（58.89±3.89） or （40.11±5.73） c.p.s;P〈0.05）,but higher than that of the controlled freezing group （34.41±3.32）,（23.13±1.26） or （15.46±2.45） c.p.s;P〈0.05）.The present study indicated that vitrification is more efficient in the cryopreservation of bovine blastocysts derived from IVF,ICSI or SCNT than controlled freezing.Furthermore,both vitrification and controlled freezing significantly altered the ATP content and ROS level in those blastocysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51078035, 20977008)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.JC2011-1, TD2010-5)+2 种基金the Ph.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No.20100014110004)the High-Tech Research and Development Program (863)of China (No.2007AA06Z301)the Major Projects onthe Control and Rectification of Water Body Pollution (No.2008ZX07422-002-004, 2008ZX07314-006)
文摘Controlled shear stress （CSS） test was used to study the effect of solid contents on the corresponding rheological parameters for sludge. Three types of sludge with or without conditioning, including activated sludge （AS）, anaerobic digested sludge （ADS）, and water treatment residuals （WTRs）, were collected for the CSS test. Results showed that the yield stress and the cohesion energy of the sludge networks were improved with increased total suspending solid （TSS） contents in most cases. For the conditioned AS/ADS and the raw WTRs, exponential law was observed in the relationships between cohesion energy of material networks or yield stress and the TSS contents, whereas for the conditioned WTRs, only exponential law dependence was found between the parameters of shear modulus or critical strain and the TSS contents.
文摘During the 1970’s and 1980’s studies on the rela-tion between LAI and yield had been carried out inGAAS.The main results were as follows:(1)Usingthe accumulated LAI value at three stages,i.e.panicle initiation(PI),heading(H)and 20 d afterheading(H),to analyze the relation between LAIand yield was more accurrate than only using theLAI value at H stage(see table);(2)Reaching cer-
文摘目的总结特征图谱的研究现状及热点,为后续开展相关研究提供参考。方法采用计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、Web of Science等数据库中有关特征图谱的研究文献,检索时限为自建库起至2024年7月25日。采用CiteSpace 6.3.R2软件对纳入文献的年发文量、研究类型、关键词进行可视化分析。结果共纳入1006篇中文文献,年发文量整体呈上升趋势;英文文献63篇,由于数量较少,故未做分析。特征图谱相关中文文献刊发期刊153种,99.01%为研究型论文(996篇),主要涉及中药与方剂、化学、中医与中西医结合等。刊文量排名前3的期刊分别为《药物分析杂志》(112篇)、《中国医院药学杂志》(49篇)、《中药材》(41篇);引用频次排名前3的文献分别为《GC-MS法建立广藿香挥发油指纹特征图谱研究》(131次)、《指纹图谱、特征图谱技术在中药材和中成药中的应用》(105次)、《从HPLC特征图谱分析姜在炮制过程中的化学成分变化》(57次)。关键词出现频次排名前3的分别为特征图谱(681次)、含量测定(127次)、指纹图谱(101次),关键词聚类涉及11个标签,且突现强度较高的关键词主要有标准汤剂(8.33)、含量测定(7.29)、质量评价(5.36)等。中药质量控制及成分含量测定为特征图谱研究的重点内容,研究热点为基于特征图谱的方剂质量控制及评价。结论建议未来将特征图谱广泛用于经典名方、标准汤剂等方剂的质量评价,以保障中药的质量。
