The utilization of color patterns has been widely employed in encryption and displays.Printing-based nanostructures are gaining traction in color displays,showcasing remarkable resolution but facing limitations in rec...The utilization of color patterns has been widely employed in encryption and displays.Printing-based nanostructures are gaining traction in color displays,showcasing remarkable resolution but facing limitations in reconfigurability.Here,we demonstrate a flexible scanning process using optical tweezers to trap silicon nanoparticles(SiNPs)for converting their trajectories into vibrant dynamic color patterns.In this process,the optical potential well stably captures a single SiNP while moving in three-dimensional space at a speed of about 1000μm/s,leading to the display of dynamic color patterns due to persistence of vision(POV).Leveraging the tunable ability provided by Mie resonances within the visible band,the scattering color can be altered simply by adjusting the number of trapped SiNPs,thereby enabling the creation of tunable high-saturation color patterns.This strategy is further explored for flexible design of composite images with potential applications in anticounterfeiting and dynamic display.展开更多
Five sampling points for Harmonia axyridis （Pallas） were set in Sifeng Mountain scenic spot and four school districts of Jiamusi University, and diversity of color pattern of overwintering H. axyridis was surveyed f...Five sampling points for Harmonia axyridis （Pallas） were set in Sifeng Mountain scenic spot and four school districts of Jiamusi University, and diversity of color pattern of overwintering H. axyridis was surveyed from October to December in 2010. Survey results found that there were 16 color patterns of H. axyridis in southern suburb of Jiamusi, 11 species showed yellow background, while the other 5 species were black background, accounting for 68.75% and 31.25% of all the species, respectively. The majority of H. axyridis with yellow background had 18 or 19 spots. Compared with the sampling data in 2006 and 2008, the propor- tions of the color patterns had no significant difference in different years, but it slightly varied with the changes of environment.展开更多
The live-bearing genus Sebastes is renowned for its outstanding species richness and color diversity,and its speciation has been a point of interest.This study investigated the age,growth,reproductive biology,color pa...The live-bearing genus Sebastes is renowned for its outstanding species richness and color diversity,and its speciation has been a point of interest.This study investigated the age,growth,reproductive biology,color pattern and ontogenetic divergence of a pair of closely related rockfishes from the coasts of the Shandong Peninsula,namely,Sebastes koreanus(n=879)and S.nudus(n=257).Marginal increment analysis of sectioned otoliths showed that annulus formation occurred once a year between June and July in both species.The sex-pooled growth curves of S.nudus and 3 populations of S.koreanus differed significantly from each other.No apparent latitudinal cline in growth parameters was found in S.koreanus.For both species,the peak parturition periods were from April to May,and the peak copulation periods were from November to December.S.nudus has a highly variable and conspicuous color pattern while S.koreanus has a stable and dull color pattem.This difference,together with the overlapping distribution and the close relationship,make S.koreanus and S.nudus an ideal model to investigate the color-driven speciation of the Sebastes.We confirmed that S.nudus changes its body color with age and season and fully expresses the carotenoid-based nuptial coloration when the fish reaches first maturity.Moreover,our comparisons of morphological traits that are likely related to survival and quality of these fishes suggested that S.nudus may suffer higher predation risk and foraging difficulty beginning at age 3.In light of the ontogenetic development of the color pattern in S.nudus,we suggested that the full expression of nuptial coloration most likely triggers the strong selective pressure to enhance swimming performance,anti-predator defense and foraging capacity of S.nudus through predator-prey interactions.By understanding all these details,we further inferred a hypothesis that both color pattem and bathymetric segregation play key roles in facilitating the speciation of demersal rockfishes.展开更多
A molecular study based on COI, 16S and 28S genes reveals that a batch of specimens(7 males and 4 females) of Dysphaea Selys, 1853 collected from central Vietnam,which include different color patterns of wings and bod...A molecular study based on COI, 16S and 28S genes reveals that a batch of specimens(7 males and 4 females) of Dysphaea Selys, 1853 collected from central Vietnam,which include different color patterns of wings and body, and were originally identified as three different species, are all the same species. This study implies that, in some group of Odonata,identification only depending on color pattern may be unreliable, no matter what huge variations there are.展开更多
This study presents a direct-writing structure color patterns on electrospun colloidal fibers by inkjet printing. The colloidal fiber was obtained by electrospinning the aqueous mixture of colloidal particles of poly(...This study presents a direct-writing structure color patterns on electrospun colloidal fibers by inkjet printing. The colloidal fiber was obtained by electrospinning the aqueous mixture of colloidal particles of poly(styrene-methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid) and poly(vinyl alcohol). The pattern was obtained by directly inkjet printing water onto the electrospun colloidal fiber. The pattern formation was attributed to the morphological transition of the colloidal fiber from the fiber aggregation to latex aggregation and the corresponding color change due to the dissolution of poly(vinyl alcohol) by water. Interestingly, a clear and clean image was successfully obtained on the ethanol-treated colloidal fibers film in comparison to a confused and blur image onto the freshly-made film. It is because the treatment process can compact the fiber structure and lower the spreading/wetting behavior of ink on the fiber structure, contributing to the formation of high-quality pattern. Various letters or quick response code were flexibly designed and printed on to colloidal fibers.Furthermore, the pattern can be easily transferred onto flexible substrate, i.e., a flexible printed bracelet. This work will be of great significance for the development of novel wearable functional materials/devices based on electrospun colloidal fibers.展开更多
A spatial color-mixing model based on tricolor angular frequencies is proposed in consideration that the design theory falls behind the application of digital camouflage pattern.The model is based on Fourier transform...A spatial color-mixing model based on tricolor angular frequencies is proposed in consideration that the design theory falls behind the application of digital camouflage pattern.The model is based on Fourier transform and Gaussian low-pass filter(LPF).In the model,the tricolor angular frequencies are introduced to the spatial frequency response function of human color vision,and the effects of atmospheric attenuation and air screen brightness on color mixture are considered.The field test shows that the model can simulate the color-mixing process in the aspects of color-mixing order,and shape and position of color-mixing spot.But the color-mixing spot color is not perfect,which can be improved by optimizing the atmospheric parameters and tricolor cut-off angular frequencies.The model provides a tool for the research on digital camouflage pattern.展开更多
Preparation and photo-patterning characteristics of organic-inorganic hybrid thin film containing latent pigment by using photo-acid-generator (PAG) and microwave irradiation have been investigated. The acrylic thin f...Preparation and photo-patterning characteristics of organic-inorganic hybrid thin film containing latent pigment by using photo-acid-generator (PAG) and microwave irradiation have been investigated. The acrylic thin film modified with methoxysilane containing PAG was formed on a glass substrate and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to promote sol-gel reaction by catalytic action of acid which was generated from PAG. And then the film was hardened with microwave irradiation, yielding organic-inorganic hybrid polymer film having hardness, highly transparency and strong adhesion with a glass substrate. Since this reaction only occurred in the optically (UV) irradiated regions, by exploiting the difference between the adhesivenesses of these regions photo-irradiated through photomask with a glass substrate, it was possible to form a patterned film with pitch of 100 to 50 μm by a simple lift-off method. A pigment-containing film using latent pigments (with subtractive three primary colors of coloring materials) and a patterned film were prepared, and it was possible to make these films multi-colored by varying the mixing ratio of the pigments. This multi-colored film-preparation method is effective for simply and efficiently forming a color-filter film by applying optical and microwave irradiation.展开更多
Methods for computer aided design and analysis on color-woven fabrics are presented. The relation of color pattern, colored warp, colored weft and the model for regular weave texture are given based on their formative...Methods for computer aided design and analysis on color-woven fabrics are presented. The relation of color pattern, colored warp, colored weft and the model for regular weave texture are given based on their formative principle. Some efficient algorithms are developed to determine the color order of warp and weft threads which yields a given color pattern and regular weave texture. Finally, the design system structure and data process flowing are introduced.展开更多
The present study describes the different color-pattern phenotypes of yellow spots on the black back of Salamandra infraimmaculata in various habitats at the southern border of its distribution in Israel. At Tel Dan, ...The present study describes the different color-pattern phenotypes of yellow spots on the black back of Salamandra infraimmaculata in various habitats at the southern border of its distribution in Israel. At Tel Dan, we photographed 454 salamanders in moist habitats where water flows year round;100 of these were sampled to measure the percentage of yellow and black color on the back, and the number of spots on the head. At Kibbutz Sasa, 201 salamanders were photographed, of which 62 were sampled for the measurements. In Kibbutz Yehiam, 200 salamanders were photographed, and 60 were sampled for the measurements. At all sites, about a third of the salamanders were photographed more than once. For all three populations, yellow spots on the salamander back were found in one row, two rows or scattered. For two indices (proportion of yellow/black and number of spots on the head), the Dan population (under wet, running water all year round conditions) differed from the two other populations of salamanders (under semi-arid mountain conditions). The number of yellow spots on the head of the salamanders in the three populations varied from 1 to 7. In all populations, 4 spots pattern was the most common. In the Dan population, there were significantly more salamanders with 1 to 3 spots on their head than in the Sasa or Yehiam populations. No difference was found in the number of head spots for Sasa vs. Yehiam salamanders. The percentage of yellow on the black back was significantly larger for the Dan salamanders vs. the two other populations. The main question examined was whether there is an effect of the habitat conditions in isolated populations on the spot pattern on the salamander back. The answer is positive and is supported by previous studies.展开更多
In order to make the environment of palmprint recognition more flexible and improve the accuracy of touchless palmprint recognition. This paper proposes a robust, touchless, palmprint recognition system which is based...In order to make the environment of palmprint recognition more flexible and improve the accuracy of touchless palmprint recognition. This paper proposes a robust, touchless, palmprint recognition system which is based on color palmprint images. This system uses skin-color thresholding and hand valley detection algorithm for extracting palmprint. Then, the local binary pattern (LBP) is applied to the palmprint in order to extract the palmprint features. Finally, chi square statistic is used for classification. The experimental results present the equal error rate of 3.7668% and correct recognition rate of 97.0142%. Therefore the results show that this approach is robust and efficient in color palmprint images which are acquired in lighting changes and cluttered background for touch-less palmprint recognition system.展开更多
Purpose: To objectively evaluate the clinical application of color pattern reversal visual e-voked potential (CPR-VEP) on primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: CPR-VEP and FM 100-hue test were performed in 31 e...Purpose: To objectively evaluate the clinical application of color pattern reversal visual e-voked potential (CPR-VEP) on primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: CPR-VEP and FM 100-hue test were performed in 31 eyes with POAG and 33 normal eyes. Color pattern stimulation was presented by color monitor controlled by computer program. The reversal rate of the stimulating pattern was 2 Hz and the spatial frequency of the stimulating was 0.53 cycle/degree. The color stimulating pattern include White /Black , Red/Black , Green/Black , Blue/Black , Yellow /Black , Red/Green and Blue /Yellow . Results : CPR-VEP P1 latencies were obviously prolonged in POAG group in comparison with normal control group in equiluminance. All CPR-VEP P1 amplitudes, except Blue/Black P1 amplitude, show no differences between POAG group and normal control group . Conclusion: P1 latencies of all CPR-VEP and P1 amplitude of Blue/Black CPR-VEP were parameters for identifing acquired dyschromatopsia caused by POAG. The results展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62305132)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M721342).
文摘The utilization of color patterns has been widely employed in encryption and displays.Printing-based nanostructures are gaining traction in color displays,showcasing remarkable resolution but facing limitations in reconfigurability.Here,we demonstrate a flexible scanning process using optical tweezers to trap silicon nanoparticles(SiNPs)for converting their trajectories into vibrant dynamic color patterns.In this process,the optical potential well stably captures a single SiNP while moving in three-dimensional space at a speed of about 1000μm/s,leading to the display of dynamic color patterns due to persistence of vision(POV).Leveraging the tunable ability provided by Mie resonances within the visible band,the scattering color can be altered simply by adjusting the number of trapped SiNPs,thereby enabling the creation of tunable high-saturation color patterns.This strategy is further explored for flexible design of composite images with potential applications in anticounterfeiting and dynamic display.
基金Supported by General Science and Technology Project of Department of Education of Heilongjiang Province(11531384)~~
文摘Five sampling points for Harmonia axyridis （Pallas） were set in Sifeng Mountain scenic spot and four school districts of Jiamusi University, and diversity of color pattern of overwintering H. axyridis was surveyed from October to December in 2010. Survey results found that there were 16 color patterns of H. axyridis in southern suburb of Jiamusi, 11 species showed yellow background, while the other 5 species were black background, accounting for 68.75% and 31.25% of all the species, respectively. The majority of H. axyridis with yellow background had 18 or 19 spots. Compared with the sampling data in 2006 and 2008, the propor- tions of the color patterns had no significant difference in different years, but it slightly varied with the changes of environment.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41876177)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.201822027)
文摘The live-bearing genus Sebastes is renowned for its outstanding species richness and color diversity,and its speciation has been a point of interest.This study investigated the age,growth,reproductive biology,color pattern and ontogenetic divergence of a pair of closely related rockfishes from the coasts of the Shandong Peninsula,namely,Sebastes koreanus(n=879)and S.nudus(n=257).Marginal increment analysis of sectioned otoliths showed that annulus formation occurred once a year between June and July in both species.The sex-pooled growth curves of S.nudus and 3 populations of S.koreanus differed significantly from each other.No apparent latitudinal cline in growth parameters was found in S.koreanus.For both species,the peak parturition periods were from April to May,and the peak copulation periods were from November to December.S.nudus has a highly variable and conspicuous color pattern while S.koreanus has a stable and dull color pattem.This difference,together with the overlapping distribution and the close relationship,make S.koreanus and S.nudus an ideal model to investigate the color-driven speciation of the Sebastes.We confirmed that S.nudus changes its body color with age and season and fully expresses the carotenoid-based nuptial coloration when the fish reaches first maturity.Moreover,our comparisons of morphological traits that are likely related to survival and quality of these fishes suggested that S.nudus may suffer higher predation risk and foraging difficulty beginning at age 3.In light of the ontogenetic development of the color pattern in S.nudus,we suggested that the full expression of nuptial coloration most likely triggers the strong selective pressure to enhance swimming performance,anti-predator defense and foraging capacity of S.nudus through predator-prey interactions.By understanding all these details,we further inferred a hypothesis that both color pattem and bathymetric segregation play key roles in facilitating the speciation of demersal rockfishes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31572299)a grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2015FY210300)
文摘A molecular study based on COI, 16S and 28S genes reveals that a batch of specimens(7 males and 4 females) of Dysphaea Selys, 1853 collected from central Vietnam,which include different color patterns of wings and body, and were originally identified as three different species, are all the same species. This study implies that, in some group of Odonata,identification only depending on color pattern may be unreliable, no matter what huge variations there are.
基金financial support by National Key R&D Program of China (Nos. 2016YFA0200803, 2017YFA0204 504, 2016YFB0402004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51873221, 51673207, 51373183)
文摘This study presents a direct-writing structure color patterns on electrospun colloidal fibers by inkjet printing. The colloidal fiber was obtained by electrospinning the aqueous mixture of colloidal particles of poly(styrene-methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid) and poly(vinyl alcohol). The pattern was obtained by directly inkjet printing water onto the electrospun colloidal fiber. The pattern formation was attributed to the morphological transition of the colloidal fiber from the fiber aggregation to latex aggregation and the corresponding color change due to the dissolution of poly(vinyl alcohol) by water. Interestingly, a clear and clean image was successfully obtained on the ethanol-treated colloidal fibers film in comparison to a confused and blur image onto the freshly-made film. It is because the treatment process can compact the fiber structure and lower the spreading/wetting behavior of ink on the fiber structure, contributing to the formation of high-quality pattern. Various letters or quick response code were flexibly designed and printed on to colloidal fibers.Furthermore, the pattern can be easily transferred onto flexible substrate, i.e., a flexible printed bracelet. This work will be of great significance for the development of novel wearable functional materials/devices based on electrospun colloidal fibers.
文摘A spatial color-mixing model based on tricolor angular frequencies is proposed in consideration that the design theory falls behind the application of digital camouflage pattern.The model is based on Fourier transform and Gaussian low-pass filter(LPF).In the model,the tricolor angular frequencies are introduced to the spatial frequency response function of human color vision,and the effects of atmospheric attenuation and air screen brightness on color mixture are considered.The field test shows that the model can simulate the color-mixing process in the aspects of color-mixing order,and shape and position of color-mixing spot.But the color-mixing spot color is not perfect,which can be improved by optimizing the atmospheric parameters and tricolor cut-off angular frequencies.The model provides a tool for the research on digital camouflage pattern.
文摘Preparation and photo-patterning characteristics of organic-inorganic hybrid thin film containing latent pigment by using photo-acid-generator (PAG) and microwave irradiation have been investigated. The acrylic thin film modified with methoxysilane containing PAG was formed on a glass substrate and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to promote sol-gel reaction by catalytic action of acid which was generated from PAG. And then the film was hardened with microwave irradiation, yielding organic-inorganic hybrid polymer film having hardness, highly transparency and strong adhesion with a glass substrate. Since this reaction only occurred in the optically (UV) irradiated regions, by exploiting the difference between the adhesivenesses of these regions photo-irradiated through photomask with a glass substrate, it was possible to form a patterned film with pitch of 100 to 50 μm by a simple lift-off method. A pigment-containing film using latent pigments (with subtractive three primary colors of coloring materials) and a patterned film were prepared, and it was possible to make these films multi-colored by varying the mixing ratio of the pigments. This multi-colored film-preparation method is effective for simply and efficiently forming a color-filter film by applying optical and microwave irradiation.
文摘Methods for computer aided design and analysis on color-woven fabrics are presented. The relation of color pattern, colored warp, colored weft and the model for regular weave texture are given based on their formative principle. Some efficient algorithms are developed to determine the color order of warp and weft threads which yields a given color pattern and regular weave texture. Finally, the design system structure and data process flowing are introduced.
文摘The present study describes the different color-pattern phenotypes of yellow spots on the black back of Salamandra infraimmaculata in various habitats at the southern border of its distribution in Israel. At Tel Dan, we photographed 454 salamanders in moist habitats where water flows year round;100 of these were sampled to measure the percentage of yellow and black color on the back, and the number of spots on the head. At Kibbutz Sasa, 201 salamanders were photographed, of which 62 were sampled for the measurements. In Kibbutz Yehiam, 200 salamanders were photographed, and 60 were sampled for the measurements. At all sites, about a third of the salamanders were photographed more than once. For all three populations, yellow spots on the salamander back were found in one row, two rows or scattered. For two indices (proportion of yellow/black and number of spots on the head), the Dan population (under wet, running water all year round conditions) differed from the two other populations of salamanders (under semi-arid mountain conditions). The number of yellow spots on the head of the salamanders in the three populations varied from 1 to 7. In all populations, 4 spots pattern was the most common. In the Dan population, there were significantly more salamanders with 1 to 3 spots on their head than in the Sasa or Yehiam populations. No difference was found in the number of head spots for Sasa vs. Yehiam salamanders. The percentage of yellow on the black back was significantly larger for the Dan salamanders vs. the two other populations. The main question examined was whether there is an effect of the habitat conditions in isolated populations on the spot pattern on the salamander back. The answer is positive and is supported by previous studies.
文摘In order to make the environment of palmprint recognition more flexible and improve the accuracy of touchless palmprint recognition. This paper proposes a robust, touchless, palmprint recognition system which is based on color palmprint images. This system uses skin-color thresholding and hand valley detection algorithm for extracting palmprint. Then, the local binary pattern (LBP) is applied to the palmprint in order to extract the palmprint features. Finally, chi square statistic is used for classification. The experimental results present the equal error rate of 3.7668% and correct recognition rate of 97.0142%. Therefore the results show that this approach is robust and efficient in color palmprint images which are acquired in lighting changes and cluttered background for touch-less palmprint recognition system.
文摘Purpose: To objectively evaluate the clinical application of color pattern reversal visual e-voked potential (CPR-VEP) on primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: CPR-VEP and FM 100-hue test were performed in 31 eyes with POAG and 33 normal eyes. Color pattern stimulation was presented by color monitor controlled by computer program. The reversal rate of the stimulating pattern was 2 Hz and the spatial frequency of the stimulating was 0.53 cycle/degree. The color stimulating pattern include White /Black , Red/Black , Green/Black , Blue/Black , Yellow /Black , Red/Green and Blue /Yellow . Results : CPR-VEP P1 latencies were obviously prolonged in POAG group in comparison with normal control group in equiluminance. All CPR-VEP P1 amplitudes, except Blue/Black P1 amplitude, show no differences between POAG group and normal control group . Conclusion: P1 latencies of all CPR-VEP and P1 amplitude of Blue/Black CPR-VEP were parameters for identifing acquired dyschromatopsia caused by POAG. The results
