采用1日龄星布罗肉用商品鸡,饲喂不同水平维生素 E 的低硒日粮,探讨维生素 E 对低硒饲养雏鸡生长发育、病理组织学变化以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH—Px)和血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性的影响。结果表明,日粮添加维生素 E 具有促进低硒饲养...采用1日龄星布罗肉用商品鸡,饲喂不同水平维生素 E 的低硒日粮,探讨维生素 E 对低硒饲养雏鸡生长发育、病理组织学变化以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH—Px)和血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性的影响。结果表明,日粮添加维生素 E 具有促进低硒饲养雏鸡生长发育,防止渗出性素质发生的作用。实验雏鸡肝脏 GSH—Px活性因添加维生素 E 而明显增高,胰腺、脑肌肉和全血该酶活性随维生素 E 添加量的增多也呈提高的趋势。脑 GSH—Px 活性不受日粮硒水平的影响。低硒饲养雏鸡血清 LDH 活性增高,日粮添加维生素 E 或硒都能降低其活性。展开更多
Distress calls,as a type of alarm call,play important roles in expressing bodily condition and conveying information concerning predation threats.In this study,we examined the communication via distress calls in paren...Distress calls,as a type of alarm call,play important roles in expressing bodily condition and conveying information concerning predation threats.In this study,we examined the communication via distress calls in parent–offspring and inter-offspring interactions.First,we used playback of chick distress calls of 2 sympatric breeders,the vinous-throated parrotbill Sinosuthora webbiana and the oriental reed warbler Acrocephalus orientalis,to the adults/chicks of these 2 species,respectively,and measured the responses of conspecifics or heterospecifics.The playback-to-chicks experiment showed that both species of chicks reduced the number of begging calls and begging duration time as a response to conspecific/heterospecific distress calls compared with natural begging and background noise controls.However,reed warbler chicks also reduced beak opening frequency in the response to conspecific distress calls compared with other playback stimuli.Second,the results of the playback-to-adults experiment showed that reed warbler adults could eavesdrop on distress calls of conspecific neighbors and sympatric heterospecifics.Furthermore,the nest-leaving behavior of reed warblers did not differ significantly when they heard the distress calls of conspecifics or parrotbills.Finally,reed warbler adults responded to heterospecific distress calls more quickly than to conspecific distress calls,and parrotbill adults presented the same response.Our results supported the warnkin hypothesis and show that chick distress calls play an important role in conveying risk and the condition of chicks to enhance individual fitness.In addition,we also found that eavesdropping on distress calls is a congenital behavior that begins in the chick stage.展开更多
文摘采用1日龄星布罗肉用商品鸡,饲喂不同水平维生素 E 的低硒日粮,探讨维生素 E 对低硒饲养雏鸡生长发育、病理组织学变化以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH—Px)和血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性的影响。结果表明,日粮添加维生素 E 具有促进低硒饲养雏鸡生长发育,防止渗出性素质发生的作用。实验雏鸡肝脏 GSH—Px活性因添加维生素 E 而明显增高,胰腺、脑肌肉和全血该酶活性随维生素 E 添加量的增多也呈提高的趋势。脑 GSH—Px 活性不受日粮硒水平的影响。低硒饲养雏鸡血清 LDH 活性增高,日粮添加维生素 E 或硒都能降低其活性。
基金Financial support was provided by the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(320CXTD437 and 2019RC189 to C.Y.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672303 to C.Y.).
文摘Distress calls,as a type of alarm call,play important roles in expressing bodily condition and conveying information concerning predation threats.In this study,we examined the communication via distress calls in parent–offspring and inter-offspring interactions.First,we used playback of chick distress calls of 2 sympatric breeders,the vinous-throated parrotbill Sinosuthora webbiana and the oriental reed warbler Acrocephalus orientalis,to the adults/chicks of these 2 species,respectively,and measured the responses of conspecifics or heterospecifics.The playback-to-chicks experiment showed that both species of chicks reduced the number of begging calls and begging duration time as a response to conspecific/heterospecific distress calls compared with natural begging and background noise controls.However,reed warbler chicks also reduced beak opening frequency in the response to conspecific distress calls compared with other playback stimuli.Second,the results of the playback-to-adults experiment showed that reed warbler adults could eavesdrop on distress calls of conspecific neighbors and sympatric heterospecifics.Furthermore,the nest-leaving behavior of reed warblers did not differ significantly when they heard the distress calls of conspecifics or parrotbills.Finally,reed warbler adults responded to heterospecific distress calls more quickly than to conspecific distress calls,and parrotbill adults presented the same response.Our results supported the warnkin hypothesis and show that chick distress calls play an important role in conveying risk and the condition of chicks to enhance individual fitness.In addition,we also found that eavesdropping on distress calls is a congenital behavior that begins in the chick stage.
