Fermented forages are important feedstuffs. Bacillus subtilis inoculants are often used to improve the value of forage legume fermentation. The present work was conducted to study the effects of replacing soybean meal...Fermented forages are important feedstuffs. Bacillus subtilis inoculants are often used to improve the value of forage legume fermentation. The present work was conducted to study the effects of replacing soybean meal with solid-state fermented alfalfa meal（FAM） with B. subtilis ACCC 01746 on growth performance, serum antioxidant and digestive enzyme activities, and cecal microflora in goose. 300 healthy geese with similar body weights were randomly assigned to six treatment groups with five replicates of 10 geese（five males and five females） each. Geese were fed ad libitum for 35 days. Results showed that the geese fed with 4 and 8% FAM exhibited no significant effects on their final body weights（FBW） and average day gain（ADG）（P〉0.05）, whereas 12% or higher FAM caused poor growth of the geese compared with control diet（linear（L）： P〈0.05）. The average daily feed intake（ADFI）（quadratic（Q）： P〈0.05） and feed conversion ratio（FCR）（L： P〈0.05） with 8% or higher supplementation level were higher than those of the control group. The activities of antioxidant enzyme in serum increased, and the level of malondialdehyde（MDA） significantly decreased with increasing dietary FAM level（L： P〈0.05）. However, no significant differences were observed at 8% or lower supplementation level for glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px） and superoxide dismutase（SOD）（P〉0.05） and at 4% for catalase（CAT） supplementation level compared with the control group. All diets containing FAM increased digestive enzyme activities in geese. However, geese fed diets with 12% FAM supplementation showed the highest trypsin activities in pancreas（Q： P〈0.05）. Supplementation with 12% or higher FAM significantly increased amylase activities in pancreas（L： P〈0.05） and duodenum（L： P〈0.05） compared with the control group. Significant differences were not observed in total anaerobic bacteria between geese fed with FAM and control diets on day 35（P〉0.05）. The numbers of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the cecum of geese fed with FAM significantly increased（L： P〈0.05）, but no significant effects were found with 4 and 8% FAM supplementation levels compared with the control（P〉0.05）. By contrast, the coliform counts of cecum decreased with increasing inclusion of FAM, but these counts were significantly reduced in geese fed diets with 12% or higher FAM supplementation level（L： P〈0.05）. Collectively, our results indicated that supplementation of the basal geese diet with 8% FAM had no apparent adverse effects on growth performance, serum antioxidant enzyme activities, and digestive parameters and beneficial microbiota.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of Ganjiang granule(GG)on cecal microflora and serum biochemical components in rats with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBSeC).Methods:Twenty-four SpragueeDawley...Objective:To investigate the effects of Ganjiang granule(GG)on cecal microflora and serum biochemical components in rats with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBSeC).Methods:Twenty-four SpragueeDawley rats were randomly divided into four groups:control,model,GG,and probiotics.Rats in the model,GG,and probiotics groups received 3℃ tap water intragastrically;rats in the GG group were treated with GG;rats in the probiotics group were treated with probiotics.For all rats,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and colorimetry were used to assess serum biochemical components related to gastrointestinal function;16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the cecal microflora.Results:The serum level of 5-hydroxytryptamine(HT)was higher in the model group than in the control group(Z=-2.082,P=.037).The model group exhibited changes in cecal microflora:the relative abundances of Lactobacillus decreased(Z=-2.882,P=.004)and Dorea increased(t=-3.030,P=.023),compared with the control group.The GG and probiotics groups exhibited normal serum levels of 5-HT.The GG and probiotics groups exhibited improved serum levels of gastrin;the probiotics group exhibited an improved serum level of vasoactive intestinal peptide.Compared with the model group,The GG group exhibited greater relative abundance of Ruminococcus(Z=-2.402,P=.016);the probiotics group exhibited greater relative abundance of SMB53(Z=-2.823,P=.005)and lower relative abundances of Desulfovibrio(Z=-2.823,P=.005)and Facklamia(Z=-2.608,P=.009).Conclusion:The effects of GG on IBS-C may be related to regulation of the serum level of 5-HT,as well as elevated relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in cecal microflora.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of the extract from Ganjiangdazao recipe(EGR)on functional dyspepsia in rats with spleen-stomach deficiency cold pattern(SSDCP)in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and to investi...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of the extract from Ganjiangdazao recipe(EGR)on functional dyspepsia in rats with spleen-stomach deficiency cold pattern(SSDCP)in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and to investigate its pharmacodynamics.METHODS:Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group,SSDCP group,low-EGR SSDCP group,high-EGR SSDCP group,probiotics group,EGR group.SSDCP model was induced by gavage with the 0℃edible vinegar.The symptoms and manifestations were scored by method from the relative literature,the ecological changes in cecal microflora was analyzed by 16SrRNA high-throughput sequencing technology,gastric tissues were treated by immunohistochemistry,the levels of related biochemical components related to the gastrointestinal functions were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and colorimetry,gastric juice was measured by pH meter,blood pressure measurement by trapping tail method,surface temperature measured by infrared thermal imaging,and the content of 6-gingerol in the serum was determined by liquid-mass chromatography before and after EGR was given.RESULTS:It was found that EGR could effectively relieve the symptoms and manifestations of the SSDCP rats(P<0.05);the value of the relative abundance of Lactobacillus,Streptococcus,Enterococcus and Coprobacillus increased,while the value of the relative abundance of Clostridium decreased(P<0.05)in the cecal microflora in the SSDCP rats after high-EGR administration;It was also found that EGR had no substantial effect on the related biochemical components related to the gastrointestinal functions of in the SSDCP rats;and a certain amount of 6-gingerol was detected in the serum of EGR group.CONCLUSION:The pharmacodynamic site of EGR is the intestinal tract,and the mechanism behind the effect of EGR on SSDCP rats,involves increasing the beneficial bacteria and decreasing the proinflammatory bacteria in the intestinal tract.The blood pharmacodynamics of EGR remains to be further studied in the future.展开更多
基金supported by the grant agreement from Henan Provincial Natural Science Fund Committee,China(132102110026)the Gushi Sanmu farming Co.,Ltd.,Henan Province,China
文摘Fermented forages are important feedstuffs. Bacillus subtilis inoculants are often used to improve the value of forage legume fermentation. The present work was conducted to study the effects of replacing soybean meal with solid-state fermented alfalfa meal（FAM） with B. subtilis ACCC 01746 on growth performance, serum antioxidant and digestive enzyme activities, and cecal microflora in goose. 300 healthy geese with similar body weights were randomly assigned to six treatment groups with five replicates of 10 geese（five males and five females） each. Geese were fed ad libitum for 35 days. Results showed that the geese fed with 4 and 8% FAM exhibited no significant effects on their final body weights（FBW） and average day gain（ADG）（P〉0.05）, whereas 12% or higher FAM caused poor growth of the geese compared with control diet（linear（L）： P〈0.05）. The average daily feed intake（ADFI）（quadratic（Q）： P〈0.05） and feed conversion ratio（FCR）（L： P〈0.05） with 8% or higher supplementation level were higher than those of the control group. The activities of antioxidant enzyme in serum increased, and the level of malondialdehyde（MDA） significantly decreased with increasing dietary FAM level（L： P〈0.05）. However, no significant differences were observed at 8% or lower supplementation level for glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px） and superoxide dismutase（SOD）（P〉0.05） and at 4% for catalase（CAT） supplementation level compared with the control group. All diets containing FAM increased digestive enzyme activities in geese. However, geese fed diets with 12% FAM supplementation showed the highest trypsin activities in pancreas（Q： P〈0.05）. Supplementation with 12% or higher FAM significantly increased amylase activities in pancreas（L： P〈0.05） and duodenum（L： P〈0.05） compared with the control group. Significant differences were not observed in total anaerobic bacteria between geese fed with FAM and control diets on day 35（P〉0.05）. The numbers of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the cecum of geese fed with FAM significantly increased（L： P〈0.05）, but no significant effects were found with 4 and 8% FAM supplementation levels compared with the control（P〉0.05）. By contrast, the coliform counts of cecum decreased with increasing inclusion of FAM, but these counts were significantly reduced in geese fed diets with 12% or higher FAM supplementation level（L： P〈0.05）. Collectively, our results indicated that supplementation of the basal geese diet with 8% FAM had no apparent adverse effects on growth performance, serum antioxidant enzyme activities, and digestive parameters and beneficial microbiota.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81473553,81573880 and 81873211).
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of Ganjiang granule(GG)on cecal microflora and serum biochemical components in rats with constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBSeC).Methods:Twenty-four SpragueeDawley rats were randomly divided into four groups:control,model,GG,and probiotics.Rats in the model,GG,and probiotics groups received 3℃ tap water intragastrically;rats in the GG group were treated with GG;rats in the probiotics group were treated with probiotics.For all rats,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and colorimetry were used to assess serum biochemical components related to gastrointestinal function;16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the cecal microflora.Results:The serum level of 5-hydroxytryptamine(HT)was higher in the model group than in the control group(Z=-2.082,P=.037).The model group exhibited changes in cecal microflora:the relative abundances of Lactobacillus decreased(Z=-2.882,P=.004)and Dorea increased(t=-3.030,P=.023),compared with the control group.The GG and probiotics groups exhibited normal serum levels of 5-HT.The GG and probiotics groups exhibited improved serum levels of gastrin;the probiotics group exhibited an improved serum level of vasoactive intestinal peptide.Compared with the model group,The GG group exhibited greater relative abundance of Ruminococcus(Z=-2.402,P=.016);the probiotics group exhibited greater relative abundance of SMB53(Z=-2.823,P=.005)and lower relative abundances of Desulfovibrio(Z=-2.823,P=.005)and Facklamia(Z=-2.608,P=.009).Conclusion:The effects of GG on IBS-C may be related to regulation of the serum level of 5-HT,as well as elevated relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in cecal microflora.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China:Construction of the Qi-Blood-Body Fluid Network Based on the Dynamic Detection of Human Biological Information and Research on the Network's Mechanism of Identification(No.81473553)National Natural Science Foundation of China:Construction of TCM Qi-Function Biological Network Based on the Body Odor and Voice and Research on the Network's Mechanism(No.81573880)National Natural Science Foundation of China:Applied biological basis of accurate measurement of Qi deficiency and Blood deficiency in TCM(No.81873211)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of the extract from Ganjiangdazao recipe(EGR)on functional dyspepsia in rats with spleen-stomach deficiency cold pattern(SSDCP)in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and to investigate its pharmacodynamics.METHODS:Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group,SSDCP group,low-EGR SSDCP group,high-EGR SSDCP group,probiotics group,EGR group.SSDCP model was induced by gavage with the 0℃edible vinegar.The symptoms and manifestations were scored by method from the relative literature,the ecological changes in cecal microflora was analyzed by 16SrRNA high-throughput sequencing technology,gastric tissues were treated by immunohistochemistry,the levels of related biochemical components related to the gastrointestinal functions were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and colorimetry,gastric juice was measured by pH meter,blood pressure measurement by trapping tail method,surface temperature measured by infrared thermal imaging,and the content of 6-gingerol in the serum was determined by liquid-mass chromatography before and after EGR was given.RESULTS:It was found that EGR could effectively relieve the symptoms and manifestations of the SSDCP rats(P<0.05);the value of the relative abundance of Lactobacillus,Streptococcus,Enterococcus and Coprobacillus increased,while the value of the relative abundance of Clostridium decreased(P<0.05)in the cecal microflora in the SSDCP rats after high-EGR administration;It was also found that EGR had no substantial effect on the related biochemical components related to the gastrointestinal functions of in the SSDCP rats;and a certain amount of 6-gingerol was detected in the serum of EGR group.CONCLUSION:The pharmacodynamic site of EGR is the intestinal tract,and the mechanism behind the effect of EGR on SSDCP rats,involves increasing the beneficial bacteria and decreasing the proinflammatory bacteria in the intestinal tract.The blood pharmacodynamics of EGR remains to be further studied in the future.
