摘要
本试验旨在分析相同饲养条件下不同体重琅琊鸡盲肠菌群多样性、短链脂肪酸含量以及微生物功能差异性,为琅琊鸡的健康养殖提供理论依据。本研究采用单因子试验设计,将160日龄琅琊鸡母鸡450只,单笼饲养至300日龄,试验结束按照平均体重上下10%选取符合条件范围的鸡只,分3组,A组为高于平均体重10%[(1790.00±60.00)g]、B组为平均体重[(1630.00±60.00)g]和C组为低于平均体重10%[(1460.00±60.00)g],每组5个重复,每个重复9只,共135只,并从每组中随机挑选6只鸡,屠宰并收集盲肠内容物,采用Illumina MiSeq测序技术检测盲肠菌群多样性,用气相色谱法测定其短链脂肪酸含量。结果表明:1)300日龄时,各组间体重与平均日增重存在显著差异(P<0.05),且A组显著高于B组(P<0.05),B组显著高于C组(P<0.05);另外,A组平均日采食量显著高于C组(P<0.05)。2)在门水平上,A组厚壁菌门相对丰度极显著高于B组(P<0.01),脱硫杆菌门相对丰度显著高于B组(P<0.05),并且B组厚壁菌门相对丰度显著高于C组(P<0.05);A组厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门相对丰度的比值(F/B)显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。在属水平上,A组普雷沃氏菌属相对丰度极显著高于B组(P<0.01);A组丹毒梭状芽孢杆菌属相对丰度显著低于B组(P<0.05)。3)A组盲肠内容物中乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05),且B组显著高于C组(P<0.05);B组异丁酸含量显著高于A组和C组(P<0.05)。另外,弯曲菌属相对丰度与乙酸含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),且与丙酸、丁酸、异丁酸、异戊酸和戊酸含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌属相对丰度与异丁酸含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05);硫单胞菌属相对丰度与乙酸含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),且与异丁酸含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。4)KEGG代谢通路和16S功能预测数据库对比发现,与B组和C组比较,A组在碳水化合物代谢、能量代谢、氨基酸代谢、维生素代谢等通路被显著富集(P<0.05),功能集中在β-半乳糖苷酶的K01190基因和β-葡萄糖苷酶的K05349基因以及甲基接受趋化蛋白的K03406显著上调(P<0.05)。综上所述,体重较大的琅琊鸡盲肠菌群组成的多样性和结构上较为丰富,其有机酸代谢产物的能力高于其他个体,并显著富集营养物质代谢通路,且通过酶类或功能蛋白参与特定代谢通路的调节途径,促进其生产发育。
The purpose of this study was to analyze the diversity of cecum microflora,short chain fatty acid contents and microbial function of Langya chickens with different body weights under the same feeding conditions,and to provide theoretical basis for healthy breeding of Langya chickens.In this study,a single factor experimental design was adopted.A total of 450 Langya chickens at 160 days of age were raised in a single cage until 300 days of age.At the end of the experiment,chickens within the eligible range were selected according to 10% above or below the average body weight and divided into 3 groups.Group A was 10% above the average body weight[(1790.00±60.00)g],group B was below the average body weight[(1630.00±60.00)g],and group C was 10%below the average body weight[(1460.00±60.00)g],with 5 replicates per group and 9 animals per replicate,a total of 135 animals.In addition,6 chickens were randomly selected from each group,slaughtered and cecal contents were collected,Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology was used to detect the diversity of cecal microflora,and short chain fatty acid content was determined by gas chromatography.The results showed as follows:1)at 300 days of age,there were significant differences in body weight and average daily gain among all groups(P<0.05),and group A was significantly higher than group B(P<0.05),group B was significantly higher than group C(P<0.05);in addition,the average daily feed intake of group A was significantly higher than that of group C(P<0.05).2)At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Firmicutes in group A was significantly higher than that in group B(P<0.01),the relative abundance of Devuricobacteria was significantly higher than that in group B(P<0.05),and the relative abundance of Firmicutes in group B was significantly higher than that in group C(P<0.05).The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes(F/B)in group A was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05).At the genus level,the relative abundance of Prevotella in group A was significantly higher than that in group B(P<0.01).The relative abundance of Erysipelatoclostridium in group A was significantly lower than that in group B(P<0.05).3)The contents of acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid and valeric acid in cecal contents of group A were significantly higher than those of other groups(P<0.05),and those of group B were significantly higher than those of group C(P<0.05);the content of isobutyric acid in group B was significantly higher than that in group A and group C(P<0.05).In addition,the relative abundance of Campylobacter was significantly positively correlated with the content of acetic acid(P<0.05),and was significantly positively correlated with the content of propionic acid,butyric acid,isobutyric acid,isovaleric acid and valeric acid(P<0.01).The relative abundance of Stenotrophomonas was positively correlated with the content of isobutyric acid(P<0.05).The relative abundance of Thiomonas was significantly positively correlated with acetic acid content(P<0.01)and isobutyric acid content(P<0.05).4)KEGG metabolic pathway and 16S function prediction database comparison found that compared with group B and group C,group A was significantly enriched in carbohydrate metabolism,energy metabolism,amino acid metabolism,vitamin metabolism and other pathways,and the function was concentrated in β-galactosidase K01190 gene and β-glucosidase K05349 gene and methyl acceptor chemokine K03406 was significantly up-regulated(P<0.05).In summary,the cecal microflora of Langya chicken with larger body weight is more diverse and structurally abundant.The ability of its organic acid metabolites is higher than that of other individuals,and it is significantly enriched in nutrient metabolic pathways,and participates in the regulation of specific metabolic pathways through enzymes or functional proteins to promote its production and development.
作者
李学冯
胡希怡
张宁波
范自强
郑全胜
扈鹏帅
吕慎金
王慧
李永洙
LI Xuefeng;HU Xiyi;ZHANG Ningbo;FAN Ziqiang;ZHENG Quansheng;HU Pengshuai;LYU Shenjin;WANG Hui;LI Yongzhu(College of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Linyi University,Linyi 276000,China;Shandong Lanshan Yimeng Chicken Science and Technology Courtyard,Linyi 276000,China;Linyi Lanshan District Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Linyi 276000,China;Shandong Langya Chicken Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Linyi 276000,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期1794-1809,共16页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31802105)
2022年临沂大学“雁阵式”高水平学科-接续培育学科-畜牧学(51723007)
山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目重大项目(20186243)。
关键词
琅琊鸡
体重
盲肠菌群
短链脂肪酸
多样性
Langya chickens
body weight
cecal microflora
short chain fatty acids
diversity
