The Yan'an Gas Field is located in the southeastern part of the Ordos Basin,and its low-permeability tight sandstone gas reservoirs are characterized by thin reservoirs,poor physical properties and complex overlap...The Yan'an Gas Field is located in the southeastern part of the Ordos Basin,and its low-permeability tight sandstone gas reservoirs are characterized by thin reservoirs,poor physical properties and complex overlapping relationships.In addition,its surface is loess tableland,which makes it difficult to predict reservoirs by using seismic data.As a result,existing engineering technologies for gas field development cannot support the efficient development of this field.In order to optimize the development methods and technologies of the Yan'an Gas Field,the Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co.Ltd.has developed to a set of key technologies suitable for the benefit development of this field concerning reservoir prediction,well pattern optimization,drilling and completion,reservoir protection,fracturing stimulation and ground gathering and transportation after nearly ten years of theoretical and technical researches.First,an effective reservoir prediction technology based on dynamic knowledge base was developed.It improves the drilling ratio of effective sandbody dramatically and achieves the accurate tracking of stable single sandbody in the range of 3-5 m.Second,a three-dimensional exploitation mode of hybrid well pattern based on the irregular diamond-shaped well pattern was established.It includes the multi-layer commingled production of cluster well and the single-layer production of horizontal well.Compared with regular well patterns,the well number is reduced by 6.9%and well pattern control is increased by 8%.Third,high-efficiency drilling technology for vulnerable reservoirs with collapse and leakage in the same well was developed.It improves wellbore wall stability,shortens drilling cycle and protects reservoir.Fourth,the multi-layer long-span fracturing of vertical/directional wells in one operation and the CO_(2)and hydraulic fracturing treatment of horizontal wells were realized to improve single well production significantly.Fifth,the medium-pressure gathering and transportation system in loess tableland with downhole throttling,branch-on-branch inter-well tandem and centralized alcohol injection as the core technologies was established.It reduces workload,shortens construction cycle and improves economic benefit.In conclusion,these development technologies play a crucial role in the development,appraisal and productivity construction of the Yan'an Gas Field.Through the application of these key technologies,the benefit development of this field is realized with an annual natural gas production capacity of 50×10^(8)m^(3).Furthermore,they are conducive to the enrichment and development of the theories and technologies for developing tight sandstone gas reservoirs in China,and they can be used as a reference for the development of similar gas fields.展开更多
With the development of heavy oil reservoir in Le 'an, Shengli Oilfield, there are some problems, such as the increase of steam injection pressure, the deterioration of conventional steam injection effect and the ...With the development of heavy oil reservoir in Le 'an, Shengli Oilfield, there are some problems, such as the increase of steam injection pressure, the deterioration of conventional steam injection effect and the difficulty of subsequent production. In order to improve the development effect of heavy oil reservoir, it is necessary to optimize the design of measures, ensure and control the quality of steam injection, and fine process management according to the development characteristics of heavy oil reservoir, so as to achieve the best effect. Implement node-based fine management of heavy oil thermal recovery, innovate and enrich the types of heavy oil thermal recovery measures in terms of source design, and improve the efficiency of measures;In terms of production and operation, shorten the time of steam injection, improve the operating time rate of steam injection and ensure the dryness of steam entering the well;In terms of oil well production, fine management by cycle and type is implemented to give full play to the maximum productivity of oil wells. Take multiple measures to ensure efficient development of lean heavy oil reservoir.展开更多
Low average single-well production resulting in low economic benefit has become the main bottleneck of the CBM gas development in China.So it is significant to choose suitable efficient development technologies based ...Low average single-well production resulting in low economic benefit has become the main bottleneck of the CBM gas development in China.So it is significant to choose suitable efficient development technologies based on CBM geological factors for high rank CBM recovery enhancement.In view of this,CBM geological factors were analyzed,different geological models were established and the corresponding models of development engineering technologies were thus put forward.It was proposed that the four main factors affecting high rank CBM recovery from a lower degree to a higher degree respectively include coal texture,rank of coal metamorphism,in-situ stress,and the ratio of critical desorption pressure to initial reservoir pressure.On this basis,four engineering geological models were classified as follows:vertical well,open-hole multilateral horizontal well,U-shaped and roof tree-like horizontal wells,and fish-bone and L-shaped wells.It is concluded that the former two models are more adaptable in such areas with better coal texture and high degree of thermal maturity,while the latter two are commonly applied in a wide range of areas.展开更多
目的基于《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》(ICF)构建智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年身体活动效益系统综述的范畴和PICO架构,探讨智力和发展性残疾儿童和青少年参加身体活动的健康效益。方法运用ICF对智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年健康及功能状...目的基于《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》(ICF)构建智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年身体活动效益系统综述的范畴和PICO架构,探讨智力和发展性残疾儿童和青少年参加身体活动的健康效益。方法运用ICF对智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年健康及功能状况、身体活动干预和身体活动效益进行系统分析。检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网等数据库,收集建库至2022年11月发表的智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年参与身体活动的健康及功能结局的随机对照试验,进行系统综述。结果最终纳入10项随机对照试验,289例参与者(5~18岁),来自5个国家,主要来源于认知神经科学、智力和发展性残疾、身体活动和运动康复等研究领域,发表年限主要集中在2013年以后。纳入文献物理治疗证据数据库(PEDro)量表评分平均为7.6分。智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年健康相关的疾病主要包括唐氏综合征、不随意运动型脑瘫、孤独症谱系障碍、脆性X综合征以及轻度、中度智力和发展性残疾患者。有益于智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年健康的身体活动的干预场所主要集中于学校、康复中心、体育馆、实验室和研究机构,身体活动通常采用运动康复、身体活动和体育课程的形式。主要的身体活动干预方式涉及体适能类和运动项目类。体适能类以前庭刺激训练、反向运动、核心肌力训练为主;运动项目类包括足球训练、自行车骑行等。身体活动的频率为每周1~7次,以中等强度为主,持续时间4周~1.5年。身体活动的健康效益分为3个层面。在身体功能层面,儿童青少年参与身体活动显著提升肌力及耐力、有氧运动能力,改善下肢运动稳定性、平衡性,促进知觉-运动协调性,降低心理运动错误率,改善知觉-运动功能和整体运动执行能力等。在活动与行为健康层面,儿童青少年参与身体活动显著提升运动的专注时间,提高单脚站立时间和腰腹核心力量,提高姿势控制和活动能力,涉及卧位、坐位、四肢跪位、站位、走、跑和跳跃等活动的表现水平。在生活质量与福祉层面,儿童青少年参与身体活动干预有助于增强趣味体验,增加社区活动参与时间等。结论智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年的健康状况主要涉及唐氏综合征、不随意运动型脑瘫、孤独症谱系障碍、脆性X综合征。身体活动方式主要以运动项目类和技能类为主。儿童青少年参与身体活动的健康和功能效益主要表现为神经肌肉骨骼和运动有关的功能提高,活动和参与水平提高,久坐行为减少,日常活动的参与度增加,生活质量与福祉改善。展开更多
The essential drive of building a new countryside lies in scientific and technological innovation. Through expounding the scientific and technological demonstration benefits and roles of new countryside building in po...The essential drive of building a new countryside lies in scientific and technological innovation. Through expounding the scientific and technological demonstration benefits and roles of new countryside building in poverty-stricken mountainous area,the major problems and hardships of new countryside building in poverty-stricken area are analyzed and the new breakthroughs which should be focused on during the building of a new countryside are put forward. These breakthroughs include transforming the philosophy and approach of rural work; highlighting the construction of rural operation mode and rural socialized service system,and improving the quality of rural labors.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Plan(863 Program)project“new technology for shale gas exploration and development”(No.:2013AA064501)Shaanxi Science and Technology Research and Development Plan project“Natural gas exploration and development innovation team of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum”(No.:2015KCT-17).
文摘The Yan'an Gas Field is located in the southeastern part of the Ordos Basin,and its low-permeability tight sandstone gas reservoirs are characterized by thin reservoirs,poor physical properties and complex overlapping relationships.In addition,its surface is loess tableland,which makes it difficult to predict reservoirs by using seismic data.As a result,existing engineering technologies for gas field development cannot support the efficient development of this field.In order to optimize the development methods and technologies of the Yan'an Gas Field,the Yanchang Petroleum(Group)Co.Ltd.has developed to a set of key technologies suitable for the benefit development of this field concerning reservoir prediction,well pattern optimization,drilling and completion,reservoir protection,fracturing stimulation and ground gathering and transportation after nearly ten years of theoretical and technical researches.First,an effective reservoir prediction technology based on dynamic knowledge base was developed.It improves the drilling ratio of effective sandbody dramatically and achieves the accurate tracking of stable single sandbody in the range of 3-5 m.Second,a three-dimensional exploitation mode of hybrid well pattern based on the irregular diamond-shaped well pattern was established.It includes the multi-layer commingled production of cluster well and the single-layer production of horizontal well.Compared with regular well patterns,the well number is reduced by 6.9%and well pattern control is increased by 8%.Third,high-efficiency drilling technology for vulnerable reservoirs with collapse and leakage in the same well was developed.It improves wellbore wall stability,shortens drilling cycle and protects reservoir.Fourth,the multi-layer long-span fracturing of vertical/directional wells in one operation and the CO_(2)and hydraulic fracturing treatment of horizontal wells were realized to improve single well production significantly.Fifth,the medium-pressure gathering and transportation system in loess tableland with downhole throttling,branch-on-branch inter-well tandem and centralized alcohol injection as the core technologies was established.It reduces workload,shortens construction cycle and improves economic benefit.In conclusion,these development technologies play a crucial role in the development,appraisal and productivity construction of the Yan'an Gas Field.Through the application of these key technologies,the benefit development of this field is realized with an annual natural gas production capacity of 50×10^(8)m^(3).Furthermore,they are conducive to the enrichment and development of the theories and technologies for developing tight sandstone gas reservoirs in China,and they can be used as a reference for the development of similar gas fields.
文摘With the development of heavy oil reservoir in Le 'an, Shengli Oilfield, there are some problems, such as the increase of steam injection pressure, the deterioration of conventional steam injection effect and the difficulty of subsequent production. In order to improve the development effect of heavy oil reservoir, it is necessary to optimize the design of measures, ensure and control the quality of steam injection, and fine process management according to the development characteristics of heavy oil reservoir, so as to achieve the best effect. Implement node-based fine management of heavy oil thermal recovery, innovate and enrich the types of heavy oil thermal recovery measures in terms of source design, and improve the efficiency of measures;In terms of production and operation, shorten the time of steam injection, improve the operating time rate of steam injection and ensure the dryness of steam entering the well;In terms of oil well production, fine management by cycle and type is implemented to give full play to the maximum productivity of oil wells. Take multiple measures to ensure efficient development of lean heavy oil reservoir.
基金Project supported by the National Major Science and Technology Project“Demonstrative horizontal well development of CBM in Qinshui Basin,Shanxi”(No.:2011ZX05061)PetroChina Major Science and Technology Project“Demonstrative exploration and development of CBM in Qinshui Basin”(No.:2010E-2208)PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Science and Technology Project“Research on efficient development technologies for Mabe East block”(No.:2016-HB-M06).
文摘Low average single-well production resulting in low economic benefit has become the main bottleneck of the CBM gas development in China.So it is significant to choose suitable efficient development technologies based on CBM geological factors for high rank CBM recovery enhancement.In view of this,CBM geological factors were analyzed,different geological models were established and the corresponding models of development engineering technologies were thus put forward.It was proposed that the four main factors affecting high rank CBM recovery from a lower degree to a higher degree respectively include coal texture,rank of coal metamorphism,in-situ stress,and the ratio of critical desorption pressure to initial reservoir pressure.On this basis,four engineering geological models were classified as follows:vertical well,open-hole multilateral horizontal well,U-shaped and roof tree-like horizontal wells,and fish-bone and L-shaped wells.It is concluded that the former two models are more adaptable in such areas with better coal texture and high degree of thermal maturity,while the latter two are commonly applied in a wide range of areas.
文摘目的基于《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》(ICF)构建智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年身体活动效益系统综述的范畴和PICO架构,探讨智力和发展性残疾儿童和青少年参加身体活动的健康效益。方法运用ICF对智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年健康及功能状况、身体活动干预和身体活动效益进行系统分析。检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网等数据库,收集建库至2022年11月发表的智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年参与身体活动的健康及功能结局的随机对照试验,进行系统综述。结果最终纳入10项随机对照试验,289例参与者(5~18岁),来自5个国家,主要来源于认知神经科学、智力和发展性残疾、身体活动和运动康复等研究领域,发表年限主要集中在2013年以后。纳入文献物理治疗证据数据库(PEDro)量表评分平均为7.6分。智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年健康相关的疾病主要包括唐氏综合征、不随意运动型脑瘫、孤独症谱系障碍、脆性X综合征以及轻度、中度智力和发展性残疾患者。有益于智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年健康的身体活动的干预场所主要集中于学校、康复中心、体育馆、实验室和研究机构,身体活动通常采用运动康复、身体活动和体育课程的形式。主要的身体活动干预方式涉及体适能类和运动项目类。体适能类以前庭刺激训练、反向运动、核心肌力训练为主;运动项目类包括足球训练、自行车骑行等。身体活动的频率为每周1~7次,以中等强度为主,持续时间4周~1.5年。身体活动的健康效益分为3个层面。在身体功能层面,儿童青少年参与身体活动显著提升肌力及耐力、有氧运动能力,改善下肢运动稳定性、平衡性,促进知觉-运动协调性,降低心理运动错误率,改善知觉-运动功能和整体运动执行能力等。在活动与行为健康层面,儿童青少年参与身体活动显著提升运动的专注时间,提高单脚站立时间和腰腹核心力量,提高姿势控制和活动能力,涉及卧位、坐位、四肢跪位、站位、走、跑和跳跃等活动的表现水平。在生活质量与福祉层面,儿童青少年参与身体活动干预有助于增强趣味体验,增加社区活动参与时间等。结论智力和发展性残疾儿童青少年的健康状况主要涉及唐氏综合征、不随意运动型脑瘫、孤独症谱系障碍、脆性X综合征。身体活动方式主要以运动项目类和技能类为主。儿童青少年参与身体活动的健康和功能效益主要表现为神经肌肉骨骼和运动有关的功能提高,活动和参与水平提高,久坐行为减少,日常活动的参与度增加,生活质量与福祉改善。
基金Supported by Star Program of the State Ministry of Science&Technology "integration and application of the cycle mode of grain (vegetable)-swine-meth-ane-fertilizer"(2007EA820001)The Major Science and Technology Program of Guizhou Province "The Science and Technology Demonstration of a New Socialist Countryside Building of Hongyan Village"[QKHZDZXZ(2008)6003]
文摘The essential drive of building a new countryside lies in scientific and technological innovation. Through expounding the scientific and technological demonstration benefits and roles of new countryside building in poverty-stricken mountainous area,the major problems and hardships of new countryside building in poverty-stricken area are analyzed and the new breakthroughs which should be focused on during the building of a new countryside are put forward. These breakthroughs include transforming the philosophy and approach of rural work; highlighting the construction of rural operation mode and rural socialized service system,and improving the quality of rural labors.
