Network security and energy consumption are deemed to be two important components of wireless and mobile ad hoc networks(WMANets).There are various routing attacks which harm Ad Hoc networks.This is because of the uns...Network security and energy consumption are deemed to be two important components of wireless and mobile ad hoc networks(WMANets).There are various routing attacks which harm Ad Hoc networks.This is because of the unsecure wireless communication,resource constrained capabilities and dynamic topology.In order to cope with these issues,Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector(AODV)routing protocol can be used to remain the normal networks functionality and to adjust data transmission by defending the networks against black hole attacks.The proposed system,in this work,identifies the optimal route from sender to collector,prioritizing the number of jumps,the battery life,and security,which are fundamental prerequisites.Researches have proposed various plans for detecting the shortest route,as well as ensuring energy conversions and defense against threats and attacks.In this regard,the packet drop attack is one of the most destructive attack against WMANet communication and hence merits special attention.This type of attack may allow the attacker to take control of the attacked hubs,which may lost packets or transmitted information via a wrong route during the packets journey from a source hub to a target one.Hence,a new routing protocol method has been proposed in this study.It applies the concept of energy saving systems to conserve energy that is not required by the system.The proposed method for energy aware detection and prevention of packet drop attacks in mobile ad hoc networks is termed the Ad Hoc On-Demand and Distance Vector–Packet Drop Battling Mechanism(AODV–PDBM).展开更多
TOP leaders vowed to build a ＂beautiful China＂ in late 2012 at the 18th National Congress of the country＇s ruling party. But Beijing＇s air quality in early 2013 has shown that China still has a long way to go befo...TOP leaders vowed to build a ＂beautiful China＂ in late 2012 at the 18th National Congress of the country＇s ruling party. But Beijing＇s air quality in early 2013 has shown that China still has a long way to go before realizing that goal. ＂If you have any respiratory diseases, please consult your doctor before you travel to China.＂ suggests the Canadian Foreign Ministry on its website, This seemed to be good advice as Beijing hospitals saw a 30-percent increase in the number of patients with respiratory problems in the first month of 2013 as soaring pollution levels got national and international attention.展开更多
LANDING in Hong Kong aftera three-hour flight from Beijing last November Liu Ran rushed over to the Dr. Vio ＆ Partners Hospital. This was her third visit in the past six months to this Hong Kong hospital. Sitting in ...LANDING in Hong Kong aftera three-hour flight from Beijing last November Liu Ran rushed over to the Dr. Vio ＆ Partners Hospital. This was her third visit in the past six months to this Hong Kong hospital. Sitting in the waiting room, a travel weary Liu, along with several of her friends also from the Chinese mainland, waited to receive their next vaccine shot against human papillomavi rus （HPV）. The virus has been found to be the main cause of cervical cancer.展开更多
Chinese telecom carriers aim to carve up a bigger slice of the growing 3G pie one year after China kicked off its third-generation (3G) wireless services,
The Communist Party of China intensifies anti-corruption efforts In recent years,a two-digit number of provincial-and ministerial-level officials in China have been investigated and punished on corruption charges。
China’s labor pool is not running dry, but migrant workers are expecting more from cities For most of China’s 240 million farmers who leave their hometowns for manualobs in cities, the only opportunity for family re...China’s labor pool is not running dry, but migrant workers are expecting more from cities For most of China’s 240 million farmers who leave their hometowns for manualobs in cities, the only opportunity for family reunion is the Spring Festival,or Lunar展开更多
WHEN Professor Li Huanying visitedNanxing Village—one of the "lepers’villages" in Xishuangbanna DaiAutonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, sherefused to put on protective clothing, unlike manyprevious vi...WHEN Professor Li Huanying visitedNanxing Village—one of the "lepers’villages" in Xishuangbanna DaiAutonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, sherefused to put on protective clothing, unlike manyprevious visiting doctors there. No rubber boots andgloves, no gauze mask or special clothing that isburned when out of the village. She examined thepatients’ wounds, then shook their hands. That was in 1979, when leprosy was stillconsidered an incurable disease and people tried tokeep away from those afflicted as much as possible.展开更多
NCPA Children’s Opera Commission Effendi&His Double.Date:May 23-June 1,2025,Venue:National Center for the Performing Arts.The opera tells a story about a figure named Effendi waging a battle of wits against his d...NCPA Children’s Opera Commission Effendi&His Double.Date:May 23-June 1,2025,Venue:National Center for the Performing Arts.The opera tells a story about a figure named Effendi waging a battle of wits against his double in Sun City.He maintains justice by punishing the fake Effendi,who cheats the citizens of Sun City.展开更多
A devastating disease called Huanglongbing(HLB) or citrus green is wiping out citrus trees across the globe. But we are seeing new hope. Scientists have recently uncovered a hidden battle happening inside citrus plant...A devastating disease called Huanglongbing(HLB) or citrus green is wiping out citrus trees across the globe. But we are seeing new hope. Scientists have recently uncovered a hidden battle happening inside citrus plants. Understanding this microscopic tug-of-war could be the key to rescuing our beloved oranges, lemons, and grapefruits.展开更多
This year marks the 80th anniversary of the Victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War.In a message to the World Youth Conference for Peace on 29 July...This year marks the 80th anniversary of the Victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War.In a message to the World Youth Conference for Peace on 29 July,Chinese President Xi Jinping said that the Chinese people,together with people around the world,completely defeated fascism and secured a hard-won peace through bloody battles 80 years ago.展开更多
This paper sorts out relevant theories of control struggle,constructs a theoretical model of control struggle from three dimensions of resource dependence,subject relationship,and institutional environment,and deeply ...This paper sorts out relevant theories of control struggle,constructs a theoretical model of control struggle from three dimensions of resource dependence,subject relationship,and institutional environment,and deeply explores the causes and strategies of conflicts between shareholders,management,and major shareholders.Taking JonjeE HI-TECH as an example,this paper analyzes the process and causes of its control struggle,and draws a conclusion that enterprises should formulate long-term strategic planning and resource integration ability is the key to capital game,and puts forward suggestions such as capital operation should be aimed at supporting the development of the main business,the stability of corporate governance is the foundation of long-term development of enterprises,and the maintenance of market confidence.展开更多
In situation assessment(SA)of missile versus target fighter,the traditional SA models generally have the characteristics of strong subjectivity and poor dynamic adaptability.This paper considers SA as an expectation o...In situation assessment(SA)of missile versus target fighter,the traditional SA models generally have the characteristics of strong subjectivity and poor dynamic adaptability.This paper considers SA as an expectation of future returns and establishes a missile-target simulation battle model.The actor-critic(AC)algorithm in reinforcement learning(RL)is used to train the evaluation network,and a missile-target SA model is established in simulation battle training.Simulation and comparative experiments show that the model can effectively estimate the expected effect of missile attack under the current situation,and it provides an effective basis for missile attack decision.展开更多
Modeling influencing factors of battle damage is one of essential works in implementing military industrial logistics simulation to explore battle damage laws knowledge.However,one of key challenges in designing the s...Modeling influencing factors of battle damage is one of essential works in implementing military industrial logistics simulation to explore battle damage laws knowledge.However,one of key challenges in designing the simulation system could be how to reasonably determine simulation model input and build a bridge to link battle damage model and battle damage laws knowledge.In this paper,we propose a novel knowledge-oriented modeling method for influencing factors of battle damage in military industrial logistics,integrating conceptual analysis,conceptual modeling,quantitative modeling and simulation implementation.We conceptualize influencing factors of battle damage by using the principle of hierarchical decomposition,thus classifying the related battle damage knowledge logically.Then,we construct the conceptual model of influencing factors of battle damage by using Entity-Relations hip approach,thus describing their interactions reasonably.Subsequently,we extract the important influencing factors by using social network analysis,thus evaluating their importance quantitatively and further clarifying the elements of simulation.Finally,we develop an agent-based military industry logistics simulation system by taking the modeling results on influencing factors of battle damage as simulation model input,and obtain simulation model output,i.e.,new battle damage laws knowledge,thus verifying feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.The results show that this method can be used to support human decision-making and action.展开更多
Subtle changes have occurred in China, and interventional radiology has gradually become an independent specialty, separated from diagnostic radiology. This has been called "Interventionalogy", "interve...Subtle changes have occurred in China, and interventional radiology has gradually become an independent specialty, separated from diagnostic radiology. This has been called "Interventionalogy", "interventional medicine(IM)", or simply Intervention by our team,and "Interventional Radiology" is used no more. It has even been given the name "Third clinical Medicine" by us. Chinese intervention has established an independent association for interventional doctors, as well as independent interventional societies in many provinces. The national interventional society will likely be set up at some point in time. Chinese interve ntion has set up their own clinical wards, with much attention paid to a clinical, professional, and normalized direction for development, and established special nursing units. According to us, turf battle is meaningless. "The Third clinical Medicine" belongs to all human beings. It could also be predicted that interventional history will follow the same evolutionary rule as other disciplines, i.e., "long divided, must unite; long united, must divide".展开更多
Damage assessment of the wing under blast wave is essential to the vulnerability reduction design of aircraft. This paper introduces a critical relative distance prediction method of aircraft wing damage based on the ...Damage assessment of the wing under blast wave is essential to the vulnerability reduction design of aircraft. This paper introduces a critical relative distance prediction method of aircraft wing damage based on the back-propagation artificial neural network(BP-ANN), which is trained by finite element simulation results. Moreover, the finite element method(FEM) for wing blast damage simulation has been validated by ground explosion tests and further used for damage mode determination and damage characteristics analysis. The analysis results indicate that the wing is more likely to be damaged when the root is struck from vertical directions than others for a small charge. With the increase of TNT equivalent charge, the main damage mode of the wing gradually changes from the local skin tearing to overall structural deformation and the overpressure threshold of wing damage decreases rapidly. Compared to the FEM-based damage assessment, the BP-ANN-based method can predict the wing damage under a random blast wave with an average relative error of 4.78%. The proposed method and conclusions can be used as a reference for damage assessment under blast wave and low-vulnerability design of aircraft structures.展开更多
After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese people have been struggling against poverty amid national development under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC). Since reform and open...After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese people have been struggling against poverty amid national development under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC). Since reform and opening up, in particular, China has planned for and organized development-oriented poverty reduction practices on a broad scale with remarkable achievements and blazed a new path of development-oriented poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics. This path is both an essential component of Chinese socialism and a result of the CPC’s ideological improvement on poverty reduction. Since the 18 th CPC National Congress in 2012, the whole Party, country, and society have been called upon to fight the battle against poverty on a full-scale under the guidance of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on poverty reduction, unveiling a new stage for China’s development-oriented poverty reduction in the new era. China’s unprecedented poverty reduction achievements have enriched the path of poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics. Xi Jinping’s insightful and coherent statements on poverty reduction represent the latest results of Marxist anti-poverty theories and comprise an essential part of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era. His guidelines are the basis for the brilliant achievements of China’s poverty reduction endeavors, and will contribute Chinese experience and wisdom to global poverty governance.展开更多
Traditional honeypot is in fact a "passive proactive" defense mechanism because it may lose the value entirely once the adversary has detected the existence of the static trap and bypassed it.Our work focuse...Traditional honeypot is in fact a "passive proactive" defense mechanism because it may lose the value entirely once the adversary has detected the existence of the static trap and bypassed it.Our work focuses on a Self-Election dynamic honeypot framework which aims to bewilder attackers by coordinating and switching roles periodically to form a huge dynamic puzzle.In this paper,we discuss the UDP Spokesman synchronization scheme and the Self-Election coordination method,perform the framework simulation of the dynamic array honeypot with NS2,carry out the prototype implementation by Java,and then validate the effectiveness and feasibility on the simulation and prototype system.The promising results of applying this framework to mitigate the effects of attacks are shown and analyzed.Our work demonstrates that the Self-Election dynamic array honeypot system is feasible and effective for proactive network confrontation.展开更多
To provide a decision-making aid for aircraft carrier battle,the winning probability estimation based on Bradley-Terry model and Bayesian network is presented. Firstly,the armed forces units of aircraft carrier are cl...To provide a decision-making aid for aircraft carrier battle,the winning probability estimation based on Bradley-Terry model and Bayesian network is presented. Firstly,the armed forces units of aircraft carrier are classified into three types,which are aircraft,ship and submarine. Then,the attack ability value and defense ability value for each type of armed forces are estimated by using BP neural network,whose training results of sample data are consistent with the estimation results. Next,compared the assessment values through an improved Bradley-Terry model and constructed a Bayesian network to do the global assessment,the winning probabilities of both combat sides are obtained. Finally,the winning probability estimation for a navy battle is given to illustrate the validity of the proposed scheme.展开更多
文摘Network security and energy consumption are deemed to be two important components of wireless and mobile ad hoc networks(WMANets).There are various routing attacks which harm Ad Hoc networks.This is because of the unsecure wireless communication,resource constrained capabilities and dynamic topology.In order to cope with these issues,Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector(AODV)routing protocol can be used to remain the normal networks functionality and to adjust data transmission by defending the networks against black hole attacks.The proposed system,in this work,identifies the optimal route from sender to collector,prioritizing the number of jumps,the battery life,and security,which are fundamental prerequisites.Researches have proposed various plans for detecting the shortest route,as well as ensuring energy conversions and defense against threats and attacks.In this regard,the packet drop attack is one of the most destructive attack against WMANet communication and hence merits special attention.This type of attack may allow the attacker to take control of the attacked hubs,which may lost packets or transmitted information via a wrong route during the packets journey from a source hub to a target one.Hence,a new routing protocol method has been proposed in this study.It applies the concept of energy saving systems to conserve energy that is not required by the system.The proposed method for energy aware detection and prevention of packet drop attacks in mobile ad hoc networks is termed the Ad Hoc On-Demand and Distance Vector–Packet Drop Battling Mechanism(AODV–PDBM).
文摘TOP leaders vowed to build a ＂beautiful China＂ in late 2012 at the 18th National Congress of the country＇s ruling party. But Beijing＇s air quality in early 2013 has shown that China still has a long way to go before realizing that goal. ＂If you have any respiratory diseases, please consult your doctor before you travel to China.＂ suggests the Canadian Foreign Ministry on its website, This seemed to be good advice as Beijing hospitals saw a 30-percent increase in the number of patients with respiratory problems in the first month of 2013 as soaring pollution levels got national and international attention.
文摘LANDING in Hong Kong aftera three-hour flight from Beijing last November Liu Ran rushed over to the Dr. Vio ＆ Partners Hospital. This was her third visit in the past six months to this Hong Kong hospital. Sitting in the waiting room, a travel weary Liu, along with several of her friends also from the Chinese mainland, waited to receive their next vaccine shot against human papillomavi rus （HPV）. The virus has been found to be the main cause of cervical cancer.
文摘Chinese telecom carriers aim to carve up a bigger slice of the growing 3G pie one year after China kicked off its third-generation (3G) wireless services,
文摘The Communist Party of China intensifies anti-corruption efforts In recent years,a two-digit number of provincial-and ministerial-level officials in China have been investigated and punished on corruption charges。
文摘China’s labor pool is not running dry, but migrant workers are expecting more from cities For most of China’s 240 million farmers who leave their hometowns for manualobs in cities, the only opportunity for family reunion is the Spring Festival,or Lunar
文摘WHEN Professor Li Huanying visitedNanxing Village—one of the "lepers’villages" in Xishuangbanna DaiAutonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, sherefused to put on protective clothing, unlike manyprevious visiting doctors there. No rubber boots andgloves, no gauze mask or special clothing that isburned when out of the village. She examined thepatients’ wounds, then shook their hands. That was in 1979, when leprosy was stillconsidered an incurable disease and people tried tokeep away from those afflicted as much as possible.
文摘NCPA Children’s Opera Commission Effendi&His Double.Date:May 23-June 1,2025,Venue:National Center for the Performing Arts.The opera tells a story about a figure named Effendi waging a battle of wits against his double in Sun City.He maintains justice by punishing the fake Effendi,who cheats the citizens of Sun City.
文摘A devastating disease called Huanglongbing(HLB) or citrus green is wiping out citrus trees across the globe. But we are seeing new hope. Scientists have recently uncovered a hidden battle happening inside citrus plants. Understanding this microscopic tug-of-war could be the key to rescuing our beloved oranges, lemons, and grapefruits.
文摘This year marks the 80th anniversary of the Victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War.In a message to the World Youth Conference for Peace on 29 July,Chinese President Xi Jinping said that the Chinese people,together with people around the world,completely defeated fascism and secured a hard-won peace through bloody battles 80 years ago.
文摘This paper sorts out relevant theories of control struggle,constructs a theoretical model of control struggle from three dimensions of resource dependence,subject relationship,and institutional environment,and deeply explores the causes and strategies of conflicts between shareholders,management,and major shareholders.Taking JonjeE HI-TECH as an example,this paper analyzes the process and causes of its control struggle,and draws a conclusion that enterprises should formulate long-term strategic planning and resource integration ability is the key to capital game,and puts forward suggestions such as capital operation should be aimed at supporting the development of the main business,the stability of corporate governance is the foundation of long-term development of enterprises,and the maintenance of market confidence.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61627810)the Joint Fund of Advanced Aerospace Manufacturing Technology Research of China(No.USCAST2016)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB1305003)。
文摘In situation assessment(SA)of missile versus target fighter,the traditional SA models generally have the characteristics of strong subjectivity and poor dynamic adaptability.This paper considers SA as an expectation of future returns and establishes a missile-target simulation battle model.The actor-critic(AC)algorithm in reinforcement learning(RL)is used to train the evaluation network,and a missile-target SA model is established in simulation battle training.Simulation and comparative experiments show that the model can effectively estimate the expected effect of missile attack under the current situation,and it provides an effective basis for missile attack decision.
基金This research was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 61473311,70901075)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(grant number 9142017)military projects funded by the Chinese Army.
文摘Modeling influencing factors of battle damage is one of essential works in implementing military industrial logistics simulation to explore battle damage laws knowledge.However,one of key challenges in designing the simulation system could be how to reasonably determine simulation model input and build a bridge to link battle damage model and battle damage laws knowledge.In this paper,we propose a novel knowledge-oriented modeling method for influencing factors of battle damage in military industrial logistics,integrating conceptual analysis,conceptual modeling,quantitative modeling and simulation implementation.We conceptualize influencing factors of battle damage by using the principle of hierarchical decomposition,thus classifying the related battle damage knowledge logically.Then,we construct the conceptual model of influencing factors of battle damage by using Entity-Relations hip approach,thus describing their interactions reasonably.Subsequently,we extract the important influencing factors by using social network analysis,thus evaluating their importance quantitatively and further clarifying the elements of simulation.Finally,we develop an agent-based military industry logistics simulation system by taking the modeling results on influencing factors of battle damage as simulation model input,and obtain simulation model output,i.e.,new battle damage laws knowledge,thus verifying feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.The results show that this method can be used to support human decision-making and action.
文摘Subtle changes have occurred in China, and interventional radiology has gradually become an independent specialty, separated from diagnostic radiology. This has been called "Interventionalogy", "interventional medicine(IM)", or simply Intervention by our team,and "Interventional Radiology" is used no more. It has even been given the name "Third clinical Medicine" by us. Chinese intervention has established an independent association for interventional doctors, as well as independent interventional societies in many provinces. The national interventional society will likely be set up at some point in time. Chinese interve ntion has set up their own clinical wards, with much attention paid to a clinical, professional, and normalized direction for development, and established special nursing units. According to us, turf battle is meaningless. "The Third clinical Medicine" belongs to all human beings. It could also be predicted that interventional history will follow the same evolutionary rule as other disciplines, i.e., "long divided, must unite; long united, must divide".
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (Grant No. 2020JQ-122)the Fund support of Science and Technology on Transient Impact Laboratory。
文摘Damage assessment of the wing under blast wave is essential to the vulnerability reduction design of aircraft. This paper introduces a critical relative distance prediction method of aircraft wing damage based on the back-propagation artificial neural network(BP-ANN), which is trained by finite element simulation results. Moreover, the finite element method(FEM) for wing blast damage simulation has been validated by ground explosion tests and further used for damage mode determination and damage characteristics analysis. The analysis results indicate that the wing is more likely to be damaged when the root is struck from vertical directions than others for a small charge. With the increase of TNT equivalent charge, the main damage mode of the wing gradually changes from the local skin tearing to overall structural deformation and the overpressure threshold of wing damage decreases rapidly. Compared to the FEM-based damage assessment, the BP-ANN-based method can predict the wing damage under a random blast wave with an average relative error of 4.78%. The proposed method and conclusions can be used as a reference for damage assessment under blast wave and low-vulnerability design of aircraft structures.
文摘After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese people have been struggling against poverty amid national development under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC). Since reform and opening up, in particular, China has planned for and organized development-oriented poverty reduction practices on a broad scale with remarkable achievements and blazed a new path of development-oriented poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics. This path is both an essential component of Chinese socialism and a result of the CPC’s ideological improvement on poverty reduction. Since the 18 th CPC National Congress in 2012, the whole Party, country, and society have been called upon to fight the battle against poverty on a full-scale under the guidance of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on poverty reduction, unveiling a new stage for China’s development-oriented poverty reduction in the new era. China’s unprecedented poverty reduction achievements have enriched the path of poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics. Xi Jinping’s insightful and coherent statements on poverty reduction represent the latest results of Marxist anti-poverty theories and comprise an essential part of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era. His guidelines are the basis for the brilliant achievements of China’s poverty reduction endeavors, and will contribute Chinese experience and wisdom to global poverty governance.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60973141the Foundation of Excellent Young Scientist of Shandong Province under Grant No. BS2009DX019the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No. 27R0907018A
文摘Traditional honeypot is in fact a "passive proactive" defense mechanism because it may lose the value entirely once the adversary has detected the existence of the static trap and bypassed it.Our work focuses on a Self-Election dynamic honeypot framework which aims to bewilder attackers by coordinating and switching roles periodically to form a huge dynamic puzzle.In this paper,we discuss the UDP Spokesman synchronization scheme and the Self-Election coordination method,perform the framework simulation of the dynamic array honeypot with NS2,carry out the prototype implementation by Java,and then validate the effectiveness and feasibility on the simulation and prototype system.The promising results of applying this framework to mitigate the effects of attacks are shown and analyzed.Our work demonstrates that the Self-Election dynamic array honeypot system is feasible and effective for proactive network confrontation.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61374212)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20135152047)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.NJ20160022)
文摘To provide a decision-making aid for aircraft carrier battle,the winning probability estimation based on Bradley-Terry model and Bayesian network is presented. Firstly,the armed forces units of aircraft carrier are classified into three types,which are aircraft,ship and submarine. Then,the attack ability value and defense ability value for each type of armed forces are estimated by using BP neural network,whose training results of sample data are consistent with the estimation results. Next,compared the assessment values through an improved Bradley-Terry model and constructed a Bayesian network to do the global assessment,the winning probabilities of both combat sides are obtained. Finally,the winning probability estimation for a navy battle is given to illustrate the validity of the proposed scheme.
