Vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.batatas(Fob)is a devastating disease threatening global sweet potato production.To elucidate Fob’s pathogenicitymechanisms and informeffective control strategies,we gen...Vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.batatas(Fob)is a devastating disease threatening global sweet potato production.To elucidate Fob’s pathogenicitymechanisms and informeffective control strategies,we generated a green fluorescent protein(GFP)-tagged Fob strain to track infection dynamics in sweet potato susceptible cultivar Xinzhonghua and resistant cultivar Xiangshu75-55,respectively.Through cytological observation,we found in the susceptible Xinzhonghua,Fob predominantly colonized stem villi,injured root growth points,and directly invaded vascular bundles through stemwounds.Spore germination peaked at 2-3 h post-inoculation(hpi),followed by cyclical mycelial expansion and sporulation within vascular tissues with sustaining infection.In contrast,the resistant Xiangshu75-55 exhibited strong suppression of Fob:spores rarely germinated in vascular bundles or on trichomes by 3 hpi,and mature hyphae were absent in stems at 24 hpi.Quantitative reverse transcription PCR(qRT-PCR)confirmed significantly higher Fob biomass in Xinzhonghua than in Xiangshu75-55 by 16 hpi.Additionally,transcriptional profiling revealed distinct pathogen-host interactions during the compatible and incompatible reactions.In Xinzhonghua,Fob virulence genes FobPGX1,FobICL1,FobCTF2,FobFUB5 and FobFUB6 were upregulated within 16 hpi.Conversely,host defense genes IbMAPKK9,IbWRKY61,IbWRKY75,IbSWEET10,IbBBX24 and IbPIF4 were activated in Xiangshu75-55 during the same period.This study provides spatiotemporal cytological and molecular insights into Fob pathogenicity and host resistance,offering a foundation for early disease detection and improved Fusarium wilt management in sweet potato.展开更多
This paper reported firstly successful cloning of lycopene ε-cyclase （lbLCYe） gene from sweetpotato, lpomoea batatas （L.） Lam. Using rapid amplification of cDNA ends （RACE）, lbLCYe gene was cloned from sweetpot...This paper reported firstly successful cloning of lycopene ε-cyclase （lbLCYe） gene from sweetpotato, lpomoea batatas （L.） Lam. Using rapid amplification of cDNA ends （RACE）, lbLCYe gene was cloned from sweetpotato cv. Nongdafu 14 with high carotenoid content. The 1 805 bp cDNA sequence oflbLCYe gene contained a 1236 bp open reading frame （ORF） encoding a 411 amino acids polypeptide with a molecular weight of 47 kDa and an isoelectric point （pI） of 6.95. IbLCYe protein contained one potential lycopene ε-cyclase domain and one potential FAD （flavinadenine dinucleotide）/NAD（P） （nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate）-binding domain, indicating that this protein shares the typical characteristics of LCYe proteins. The gDNA oflbLCYe gene was 4 029 bp and deduced to contain 5 introns and 6 exons. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that the expression level of IbLCYe gene was significantly higher in the storage roots of Nongdafu 14 than those in the leaves and stems. Transgenic tobacco （cv. Wisconsin 38） expressing [bLCYe gene accumulated significantly more ^-carotene compared to the untransformed control plants. These results showed that lbLCYe gene has an important function for the accumulation of carotenoids of sweetpotato.展开更多
The somatic hybrid KT1 was previously obtained from protoplast fusion between sweetpotato （Ipomoea batatas （L.） Lam.） cv. Kokei No. 14 and its wild relative I. triloba L. However, its genetic and epigenetic variat...The somatic hybrid KT1 was previously obtained from protoplast fusion between sweetpotato （Ipomoea batatas （L.） Lam.） cv. Kokei No. 14 and its wild relative I. triloba L. However, its genetic and epigenetic variations have not been investigated. This study showed that KT1 exhibited significantly higher drought tolerance compared to the cultivated parent Kokei No. 14. The content of proline and activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and photosynthesis were significantly increased, while malonaldehyde （MDA） content was significantly decreased compared to Kokei No. 14 under drought stress. KT1 also showed higher expression level of well-known drought stress-responsive genes compared to Kokei No. 14 under drought stress. Amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） and methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism （MSAP） analyses indicated that KT1 had AFLP and MSAP band patterns consisting of both parent specific bands and changed bands. Fur- ther analysis demonstrated that in KT1. the proportions of Kokei No. 14 specific genome components and methylation sites were much greater than those of I. triloba. KT1 had the same chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes as Kokei No. 14. These results will aid in developing the useful genes ofI. triloba and understanding the evolution and phylogeny of the cultivated sweetpotato.展开更多
用甘薯品种农林17号(中紫)的叶柄分离原生质体,对其在添加各种浓度的萘乙酸和激动素的改良细胞薄层培养基中进行悬浮培养。培养1～2 d 后,原生质体再生细胞壁,培养2～3 d 后,再生细胞发生第一次分裂,持续的细胞分裂形成小愈伤组织。悬...用甘薯品种农林17号(中紫)的叶柄分离原生质体,对其在添加各种浓度的萘乙酸和激动素的改良细胞薄层培养基中进行悬浮培养。培养1～2 d 后,原生质体再生细胞壁,培养2～3 d 后,再生细胞发生第一次分裂,持续的细胞分裂形成小愈伤组织。悬浮培养的结果表明萘乙酸和激动素的适宜浓度分别为2.0～5.0mg/L 和1.0～5.0mg/L。此后,将小愈伤组织转移到MS 固体培养基上培养,小愈伤组织迅速生长。本试验达到根的分化.展开更多
Sequence-related amplification polymorphism （SRAP） markers closely linked to stem nematode resistance gene were developed in sweetpotato, lpomoea batatas （L.） Lam. Using bulked segregant analysis （BSA）, 200 SRAP...Sequence-related amplification polymorphism （SRAP） markers closely linked to stem nematode resistance gene were developed in sweetpotato, lpomoea batatas （L.） Lam. Using bulked segregant analysis （BSA）, 200 SRAP primer combinations were screened with the resistant and susceptible bulked DNA from the 196 progenies of an F1 single-cross population of resistant parent Xu 781xsusceptible parent Xushu 18, 77 of them showed polymorphic bands between resistant and susceptible DNA. Primer combinations detecting polymorphism between the two bulks were used to screen both parents and 10 individuals from each of the bulks. The results showed that primer combination A9B4 produced 3 specific bands in the resistant plants but not in the susceptible plants, suggesting that the markers, named Nspl, Nsp2 and Nsp3, respectively, linked to a gene for stem nematode resistance. Primer combination A3B6 also produced a SRAP marker named Nsp4 linking to the resistance gene. Amplified analysis of the 196 F1 individuals indicated that the genetic distance between these markers and the resistance gene was 4.7, 4.7, 6.3, and 9.6 cM, respectively.展开更多
Sweetpotato （Ipomoea batatas （L.） Lam.） breeding is challenging due to its genetic complexity. In the present study, interval mapping （IM） and multiple quantitative trait locus （QTL） model （MQM） analysis wer...Sweetpotato （Ipomoea batatas （L.） Lam.） breeding is challenging due to its genetic complexity. In the present study, interval mapping （IM） and multiple quantitative trait locus （QTL） model （MQM） analysis were used to identify QTLs for starch content with a mapping population consisting of 202 F1 individuals of a cross between Xushu 18, a cultivar susceptible to stem nematodes, with high yield and moderate starch, and Xu 781, which is resistant to stem nematodes, has low yield and high starch content. Six QTLs for starch content were mapped on six linkage groups of the Xu 781 map, explaining 9.1-38.8% of the variation. Especially, one of them, DMFN 4, accounted for 38.8% of starch content variation, which is the QTL that explains the highest phenotypic variation detected to date in sweetpotato. All of the six QTLs had a positive effect on the variation of the starch content, which indicated the inheritance derived from the parent Xu 781. Two QTLs for starch content were detected on two linkage groups of the Xushu 18 map, explaining 14.3 and 16.1% of the variation, respectively. They had a negative effect on the variation, indicating the inheritance derived from Xu 781. Seven of eight QTLs were co-localized with a single marker. This is the first report on the development of QTLs co-localized with a single marker in sweetpotato. These QTLs and their co-localized markers may be used in marker-assisted breeding for the starch content of sweetpotato.展开更多
Objective:Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam.is a food plant used in African traditional medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases and related conditions.We assessed the hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerogenic properties of the ...Objective:Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam.is a food plant used in African traditional medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases and related conditions.We assessed the hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerogenic properties of the aqueous extract of I.batatas leaves in a rat model of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia.Methods:Hypercholesterolemia was induced in male Wistar rats by exclusive feeding with a cholesterolenriched(1%)standard diet for four weeks.Then,rats were treated once daily(per os)with I.batatas extract at doses of 400,500 and 600 mg/kg or with atorvastatin(2 mg/kg),for four weeks.Following treatment,animals were observed for another four weeks and then sacrificed.Aortas were excised and processed for histopathological studies,and blood glucose level and lipid profile were measured.Results:Hypercholesterolemic animals experienced a 21.5%faster increase in body weight,significant increases in blood glucose and blood lipids(148.94%triglycerides,196.97%high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,773.04%low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,148.93%very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 210.42%total cholesterol),and increases in aorta thickness and atherosclerotic plaque sizes compared to rats fed standard diet.Treatment of hypercholesterolemic rats with the extract mitigated these alterations and restored blood glucose and blood lipid levels to normocholesterolemic values.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that I.batatas leaves have hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerogenic properties and justify their use in traditional medicine.展开更多
Dioscorea batatas Decne(DBD)has been used to heal various illnesses of the kidney and intestine as an herbal medicine in Asia.As a source of therapeutic agents,many glycoproteins have been isolated from mushrooms and ...Dioscorea batatas Decne(DBD)has been used to heal various illnesses of the kidney and intestine as an herbal medicine in Asia.As a source of therapeutic agents,many glycoproteins have been isolated from mushrooms and plants,but the functional role of glycoprotein in intestinal epithelial wound healing has not been understood yet.In the present study,we investigated the wound healing potentials of the 30 kDa glycoprotein(DBD glycoprotein)isolated from DBD in human intestinal epithelial(INT-407)cells.We found that DBD glycoprotein(100μg·mL^-1)significantly increased the motility of INT-407 cells for 24 h by activating protein kinase C(PKC).DBD glycoprotein stimulated the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),which is responsible for the phosphorylation of NF-κB inhibitorα(IκBα).DBD glycoprotein increased the level of profilin-1(PFN1),α-actinin and F-actin expression via activation of transcription factor,nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)during its promotion of cell migration.Experimental mouse colitis was induced by adding dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)to the drinking water at a concentration of 4%(W/V)for 7 days.We figured out that administration of DBD glycoprotein(10 and 20 mg·kg-1)lowers the levels of disease activity index and histological inflammation in DSS-treated ICR mice.In this regard,we suggest that DBD glycoprotein has ability to promote the F-actin-related migration signaling events via activation of PKC and NF-κB in intestinal epithelial cells and prevent inflammatory bowel disease.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the hematological effects of administering Ipomoea batatas(I.batatas)and Phyllanthus niruri(P.niruri) in the ICR mice.Methods:Powdered leaves of /.batatas and P.nintri were fed to mice for 4 weeks...Objective:To analyze the hematological effects of administering Ipomoea batatas(I.batatas)and Phyllanthus niruri(P.niruri) in the ICR mice.Methods:Powdered leaves of /.batatas and P.nintri were fed to mice for 4 weeks.A total of six groups were used to determine the effect of the plants to the complete blood count of the mouse.Group A(blank control) mice were feed with pellets only;Group B(negative control) mice were fed with pellets coated with honey;Group C(low dosage) mice were fed with honey-coated pellets and powdered leaves of 1.batatas at 10 g/kg body weight of the mouse;Group D(high dosage) mice were fed with honey-coated pellets and powdered leaves of I,batatas at 20 g/kg body weight of the mouse;Group E(low dosage) mice were fed with honey-coated pellets and powdered leaves of P.niruri at 10 g/kg body weight of the mouse:and Group F(high dosage) mice were fed with honey-coated pellets and powdered leaves of P.niruri at 20 g/kg body weight of the mouse.Complete blood count was performed on Days 0.14 and 28.Results:It was shown that I.batatas can increase the values of hematocrit and hemoglobin on both the low dose and high dose at Day 28 and red blood cells(RBC) on both Days 14 and28 of testing.On the other hand.P.niruri can increase RBC.hematocrit and hemoglobin on Day 28 with only the low dose.There were no significant differences with white blood cell,absolute granulocyte,lymphocyte and monocyte,and platelet counts observed for both plant samples.Conclusions:I.batatas and P.niruri have effects on the hematocrit,RBC and hemoglobin levels in mice.展开更多
通过甘薯组 A 系列野生种 I.triloba(2n=30)和 B 系列栽培种甘薯(J.batatas)(2n=90)种间杂交的胚珠培养获得种间杂种植株。对杂种植株生物学特性观察发现:①杂种植株在叶形、叶色、茎粗细、生根习性、开花习性和抗寒性等方面均产生变异...通过甘薯组 A 系列野生种 I.triloba(2n=30)和 B 系列栽培种甘薯(J.batatas)(2n=90)种间杂交的胚珠培养获得种间杂种植株。对杂种植株生物学特性观察发现:①杂种植株在叶形、叶色、茎粗细、生根习性、开花习性和抗寒性等方面均产生变异。②杂种植株的花器中,雌雄蕊结构发生变异,全部花朵没有出现雄蕊,雌蕊却有1～5枚。③杂种植株体细胞染色体数目变动于2n=27—56范围内,观察平均数为2n=37.25,可确定种间杂种为混倍体。展开更多
OBJECTIVE The root of Dioscorea batatas,rich in steroidal saponins,alkaloids,tannins,phytosterols,and starch,is an herbal medicine of tonifying qi and nourishing stomach after invigorating spleen with a long history o...OBJECTIVE The root of Dioscorea batatas,rich in steroidal saponins,alkaloids,tannins,phytosterols,and starch,is an herbal medicine of tonifying qi and nourishing stomach after invigorating spleen with a long history of safe use for treatment of chronic dysentery and weakness of the spleen and stomach in Korea.This study was aimed to investigate the effect of D.batatas on longitudinal bone growth rate in adolescent female rats.METHODS D.batatas was extracted with 30% EtOH for 3h at 90℃in a reflux apparatus.In two groups,we administered a twice daily dosage of D.batatas extract(at 30 and 300mg·kg-1,respectively)per os for 4d,and in a control group,we administered vehicle only under the same conditions.Recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH)was subcutaneously injected once daily.All rats were born at same day(33d-old).On day 3,tetracycline was injected intraperitoneally to form a fluorescent band on the growth plates.RESULTS The bone growth rate in groups administered D.batatas 300mg·kg-1 and rhGH was significantly increased to 343.8±20.7,and 359.6±30.2μm·d-1 respectively from control group,320.7±23.2μm·d-1.No difference was observed in the amount of food intake or mean body weight among all groups during the acclimation or administration period.CONCLUSION These results suggest that D.batatas extracts have the potential to induce height increase;however,further research,including clinical trials,is necessary.展开更多
Objective: To determine antioxidant activity and phytochemical content from various tubers extracts of sweet potato(Ipomoea batatas) and to explore the correlation of phytochemical content with their antioxidant activ...Objective: To determine antioxidant activity and phytochemical content from various tubers extracts of sweet potato(Ipomoea batatas) and to explore the correlation of phytochemical content with their antioxidant activities. Methods: Antioxidant activities were tested using DPPH and FRAP assays. Total phenolic was calculated by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, flavonoid content by Chang's method and correlation with their antioxidant activities were analyzed by Pearson's method. Results: PO2 showed highest antioxidant activity, which had the lowest IC50 DPPH(10.54 μg/m L) and the lowest EC50 FRAP(11.14 μg/m L). PO2 showed the highest total phenolic(11.91 g GAE/100 g) and total flavonoid content(17.83 g QE/100 g). There were significantly negative correlation between total phenolic content and flavonoid content in sample PO with their IC50 DPPH and EC50 FRAP. IC50 DPPH of sample PP and PO showed significantly positive correlation with their EC50 FRAP. Conclusions: Result of DPPH method shows that all different ethyl acetate and ethanolic tubers extracts of four varieties of sweet potato are classified as strong and very strong antioxidant. Result of DPPH and FRAP methods indicates that phenolic and flavonoid compounds in sample PO contributes together to antioxidant activities. Antioxidant activities of sample PP and PO by DPPH method are linear to FRAP method.展开更多
In Martinique (F.W.I.), biodiversity of vegetable varieties remain unexploited due to public unawareness or supply problems. To further enhance the sweet potato, physicochemical, sensory and nutritional characteristic...In Martinique (F.W.I.), biodiversity of vegetable varieties remain unexploited due to public unawareness or supply problems. To further enhance the sweet potato, physicochemical, sensory and nutritional characteristics of eight varieties of sweet potato were established. The eight sweet potatoes cultivars were noticeably diverse with phenotypic, sensory, physicochemical and nutritional characteristics which were very varied. The eight cultivars grown in Martinique were advantageously positioned in relation to the globally identified sweet potato, regarding fibre, starch, potassium, copper, vitamin B1, B3 and B9 contents. Compared to the ordinary potato, Martiniquan sweet potatoes have a much better nutritional potential. Energy value and vitamin C levels were twice as much as in normal potatoes. Martiniquan sweet potatoes cultivars were also richer in minerals and vitamins, with 2.7 times more vitamin B9 and 63 times more beta-carotene than the ordinary potato.展开更多
Allelopathic compounds have the potential to inhibit the growth and development of other organisms in a diverse manner ranging from shifting nutrients and enhancing their growth to inflicting diseases. In addition, th...Allelopathic compounds have the potential to inhibit the growth and development of other organisms in a diverse manner ranging from shifting nutrients and enhancing their growth to inflicting diseases. In addition, these compounds influence seedling growth and seed germination of various crops. The goal of this study was to identify and quantify different allelochemicals in various sweet potato cultivars through high-performance liquid chromatography techniques. Selected sweet potato slips (weight: 2.0 - 2.5 grams/slip) were propagated in separate glass tubes filled with 10.0 mL distilled water. Water extract from each glass tube was collected after 2, 4, and 6 weeks after transplanting (WAP) to identify and quantify allelochemical compounds by comparing their peaks with the retention time of standards. Results show that the concentration of allelochemicals in water extract was increased from 2 to 4 WAP but remained constant in the sixth week. Quantitative analysis revealed that the amount of chlorogenic acid was higher in all sweet potato cultivars compared to other allelochemicals. Some sweet potato cultivars, A5 and A39, exhibited higher allelopathy (18.28 - 19.37 ppm/slip) and reduced the height and biomass of Palmer amaranth the most due to the presence of increased concentration of combined allelochemicals, while other cultivars produced lesser allelochemicals (10.90 ppm/slip) and did not reduce the growth of the weed species. Allelopathic sweet potato cultivars high in chlorogenic acid production can effectively suppress Palmer amaranth with minimal dependence on chemicals to manage weeds and harmful pests under sustainable agricultural system.展开更多
基金supported by the following grants,Earmarked fund for CARS-10-Sweet potato,High-quality development of agriculture“5511”collaborative innovation project(XTCXGC2021005)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian province(2021J01495)+1 种基金Basic Scientific Research Special Project for Fujian Provincial Public Research Institutes(2021R1031008)Science and Technology Innovation Team of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXTD2021012-1).
文摘Vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.batatas(Fob)is a devastating disease threatening global sweet potato production.To elucidate Fob’s pathogenicitymechanisms and informeffective control strategies,we generated a green fluorescent protein(GFP)-tagged Fob strain to track infection dynamics in sweet potato susceptible cultivar Xinzhonghua and resistant cultivar Xiangshu75-55,respectively.Through cytological observation,we found in the susceptible Xinzhonghua,Fob predominantly colonized stem villi,injured root growth points,and directly invaded vascular bundles through stemwounds.Spore germination peaked at 2-3 h post-inoculation(hpi),followed by cyclical mycelial expansion and sporulation within vascular tissues with sustaining infection.In contrast,the resistant Xiangshu75-55 exhibited strong suppression of Fob:spores rarely germinated in vascular bundles or on trichomes by 3 hpi,and mature hyphae were absent in stems at 24 hpi.Quantitative reverse transcription PCR(qRT-PCR)confirmed significantly higher Fob biomass in Xinzhonghua than in Xiangshu75-55 by 16 hpi.Additionally,transcriptional profiling revealed distinct pathogen-host interactions during the compatible and incompatible reactions.In Xinzhonghua,Fob virulence genes FobPGX1,FobICL1,FobCTF2,FobFUB5 and FobFUB6 were upregulated within 16 hpi.Conversely,host defense genes IbMAPKK9,IbWRKY61,IbWRKY75,IbSWEET10,IbBBX24 and IbPIF4 were activated in Xiangshu75-55 during the same period.This study provides spatiotemporal cytological and molecular insights into Fob pathogenicity and host resistance,offering a foundation for early disease detection and improved Fusarium wilt management in sweet potato.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System (Sweetpotato)the National High-Tech Research and Development Project of China(2011AA100607 and 2012AA101204)
文摘This paper reported firstly successful cloning of lycopene ε-cyclase （lbLCYe） gene from sweetpotato, lpomoea batatas （L.） Lam. Using rapid amplification of cDNA ends （RACE）, lbLCYe gene was cloned from sweetpotato cv. Nongdafu 14 with high carotenoid content. The 1 805 bp cDNA sequence oflbLCYe gene contained a 1236 bp open reading frame （ORF） encoding a 411 amino acids polypeptide with a molecular weight of 47 kDa and an isoelectric point （pI） of 6.95. IbLCYe protein contained one potential lycopene ε-cyclase domain and one potential FAD （flavinadenine dinucleotide）/NAD（P） （nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate）-binding domain, indicating that this protein shares the typical characteristics of LCYe proteins. The gDNA oflbLCYe gene was 4 029 bp and deduced to contain 5 introns and 6 exons. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that the expression level of IbLCYe gene was significantly higher in the storage roots of Nongdafu 14 than those in the leaves and stems. Transgenic tobacco （cv. Wisconsin 38） expressing [bLCYe gene accumulated significantly more ^-carotene compared to the untransformed control plants. These results showed that lbLCYe gene has an important function for the accumulation of carotenoids of sweetpotato.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-11,Sweetpotato)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31461143017)
文摘The somatic hybrid KT1 was previously obtained from protoplast fusion between sweetpotato （Ipomoea batatas （L.） Lam.） cv. Kokei No. 14 and its wild relative I. triloba L. However, its genetic and epigenetic variations have not been investigated. This study showed that KT1 exhibited significantly higher drought tolerance compared to the cultivated parent Kokei No. 14. The content of proline and activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and photosynthesis were significantly increased, while malonaldehyde （MDA） content was significantly decreased compared to Kokei No. 14 under drought stress. KT1 also showed higher expression level of well-known drought stress-responsive genes compared to Kokei No. 14 under drought stress. Amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） and methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism （MSAP） analyses indicated that KT1 had AFLP and MSAP band patterns consisting of both parent specific bands and changed bands. Fur- ther analysis demonstrated that in KT1. the proportions of Kokei No. 14 specific genome components and methylation sites were much greater than those of I. triloba. KT1 had the same chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes as Kokei No. 14. These results will aid in developing the useful genes ofI. triloba and understanding the evolution and phylogeny of the cultivated sweetpotato.
文摘用甘薯品种农林17号(中紫)的叶柄分离原生质体,对其在添加各种浓度的萘乙酸和激动素的改良细胞薄层培养基中进行悬浮培养。培养1～2 d 后,原生质体再生细胞壁,培养2～3 d 后,再生细胞发生第一次分裂,持续的细胞分裂形成小愈伤组织。悬浮培养的结果表明萘乙酸和激动素的适宜浓度分别为2.0～5.0mg/L 和1.0～5.0mg/L。此后,将小愈伤组织转移到MS 固体培养基上培养,小愈伤组织迅速生长。本试验达到根的分化.
基金supported by China Agriculture Research System (CARS-11, Sweetpotato)the National 863 Program of China (2012AA101204)
文摘Sequence-related amplification polymorphism （SRAP） markers closely linked to stem nematode resistance gene were developed in sweetpotato, lpomoea batatas （L.） Lam. Using bulked segregant analysis （BSA）, 200 SRAP primer combinations were screened with the resistant and susceptible bulked DNA from the 196 progenies of an F1 single-cross population of resistant parent Xu 781xsusceptible parent Xushu 18, 77 of them showed polymorphic bands between resistant and susceptible DNA. Primer combinations detecting polymorphism between the two bulks were used to screen both parents and 10 individuals from each of the bulks. The results showed that primer combination A9B4 produced 3 specific bands in the resistant plants but not in the susceptible plants, suggesting that the markers, named Nspl, Nsp2 and Nsp3, respectively, linked to a gene for stem nematode resistance. Primer combination A3B6 also produced a SRAP marker named Nsp4 linking to the resistance gene. Amplified analysis of the 196 F1 individuals indicated that the genetic distance between these markers and the resistance gene was 4.7, 4.7, 6.3, and 9.6 cM, respectively.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-11,Sweetpotato)the National High-Tech R&D Program of China(2012AA101204)
文摘Sweetpotato （Ipomoea batatas （L.） Lam.） breeding is challenging due to its genetic complexity. In the present study, interval mapping （IM） and multiple quantitative trait locus （QTL） model （MQM） analysis were used to identify QTLs for starch content with a mapping population consisting of 202 F1 individuals of a cross between Xushu 18, a cultivar susceptible to stem nematodes, with high yield and moderate starch, and Xu 781, which is resistant to stem nematodes, has low yield and high starch content. Six QTLs for starch content were mapped on six linkage groups of the Xu 781 map, explaining 9.1-38.8% of the variation. Especially, one of them, DMFN 4, accounted for 38.8% of starch content variation, which is the QTL that explains the highest phenotypic variation detected to date in sweetpotato. All of the six QTLs had a positive effect on the variation of the starch content, which indicated the inheritance derived from the parent Xu 781. Two QTLs for starch content were detected on two linkage groups of the Xushu 18 map, explaining 14.3 and 16.1% of the variation, respectively. They had a negative effect on the variation, indicating the inheritance derived from Xu 781. Seven of eight QTLs were co-localized with a single marker. This is the first report on the development of QTLs co-localized with a single marker in sweetpotato. These QTLs and their co-localized markers may be used in marker-assisted breeding for the starch content of sweetpotato.
基金partly funded by the Faculty of Science,University of Ngaoundere。
文摘Objective:Ipomoea batatas(L.)Lam.is a food plant used in African traditional medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases and related conditions.We assessed the hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerogenic properties of the aqueous extract of I.batatas leaves in a rat model of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia.Methods:Hypercholesterolemia was induced in male Wistar rats by exclusive feeding with a cholesterolenriched(1%)standard diet for four weeks.Then,rats were treated once daily(per os)with I.batatas extract at doses of 400,500 and 600 mg/kg or with atorvastatin(2 mg/kg),for four weeks.Following treatment,animals were observed for another four weeks and then sacrificed.Aortas were excised and processed for histopathological studies,and blood glucose level and lipid profile were measured.Results:Hypercholesterolemic animals experienced a 21.5%faster increase in body weight,significant increases in blood glucose and blood lipids(148.94%triglycerides,196.97%high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,773.04%low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,148.93%very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 210.42%total cholesterol),and increases in aorta thickness and atherosclerotic plaque sizes compared to rats fed standard diet.Treatment of hypercholesterolemic rats with the extract mitigated these alterations and restored blood glucose and blood lipid levels to normocholesterolemic values.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that I.batatas leaves have hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerogenic properties and justify their use in traditional medicine.
基金Daegu Haany University Ky·lin Foundation in 2018。
文摘Dioscorea batatas Decne(DBD)has been used to heal various illnesses of the kidney and intestine as an herbal medicine in Asia.As a source of therapeutic agents,many glycoproteins have been isolated from mushrooms and plants,but the functional role of glycoprotein in intestinal epithelial wound healing has not been understood yet.In the present study,we investigated the wound healing potentials of the 30 kDa glycoprotein(DBD glycoprotein)isolated from DBD in human intestinal epithelial(INT-407)cells.We found that DBD glycoprotein(100μg·mL^-1)significantly increased the motility of INT-407 cells for 24 h by activating protein kinase C(PKC).DBD glycoprotein stimulated the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),which is responsible for the phosphorylation of NF-κB inhibitorα(IκBα).DBD glycoprotein increased the level of profilin-1(PFN1),α-actinin and F-actin expression via activation of transcription factor,nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)during its promotion of cell migration.Experimental mouse colitis was induced by adding dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)to the drinking water at a concentration of 4%(W/V)for 7 days.We figured out that administration of DBD glycoprotein(10 and 20 mg·kg-1)lowers the levels of disease activity index and histological inflammation in DSS-treated ICR mice.In this regard,we suggest that DBD glycoprotein has ability to promote the F-actin-related migration signaling events via activation of PKC and NF-κB in intestinal epithelial cells and prevent inflammatory bowel disease.
文摘Objective:To analyze the hematological effects of administering Ipomoea batatas(I.batatas)and Phyllanthus niruri(P.niruri) in the ICR mice.Methods:Powdered leaves of /.batatas and P.nintri were fed to mice for 4 weeks.A total of six groups were used to determine the effect of the plants to the complete blood count of the mouse.Group A(blank control) mice were feed with pellets only;Group B(negative control) mice were fed with pellets coated with honey;Group C(low dosage) mice were fed with honey-coated pellets and powdered leaves of 1.batatas at 10 g/kg body weight of the mouse;Group D(high dosage) mice were fed with honey-coated pellets and powdered leaves of I,batatas at 20 g/kg body weight of the mouse;Group E(low dosage) mice were fed with honey-coated pellets and powdered leaves of P.niruri at 10 g/kg body weight of the mouse:and Group F(high dosage) mice were fed with honey-coated pellets and powdered leaves of P.niruri at 20 g/kg body weight of the mouse.Complete blood count was performed on Days 0.14 and 28.Results:It was shown that I.batatas can increase the values of hematocrit and hemoglobin on both the low dose and high dose at Day 28 and red blood cells(RBC) on both Days 14 and28 of testing.On the other hand.P.niruri can increase RBC.hematocrit and hemoglobin on Day 28 with only the low dose.There were no significant differences with white blood cell,absolute granulocyte,lymphocyte and monocyte,and platelet counts observed for both plant samples.Conclusions:I.batatas and P.niruri have effects on the hematocrit,RBC and hemoglobin levels in mice.
文摘通过甘薯组 A 系列野生种 I.triloba(2n=30)和 B 系列栽培种甘薯(J.batatas)(2n=90)种间杂交的胚珠培养获得种间杂种植株。对杂种植株生物学特性观察发现:①杂种植株在叶形、叶色、茎粗细、生根习性、开花习性和抗寒性等方面均产生变异。②杂种植株的花器中,雌雄蕊结构发生变异,全部花朵没有出现雄蕊,雌蕊却有1～5枚。③杂种植株体细胞染色体数目变动于2n=27—56范围内,观察平均数为2n=37.25,可确定种间杂种为混倍体。
基金The project supported by the Traditional Korean Medicine R&D program funded by the Ministry of Health&Welfare through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute(KHIDI)(HI14C0976)by Brain Korea 21plus project
文摘OBJECTIVE The root of Dioscorea batatas,rich in steroidal saponins,alkaloids,tannins,phytosterols,and starch,is an herbal medicine of tonifying qi and nourishing stomach after invigorating spleen with a long history of safe use for treatment of chronic dysentery and weakness of the spleen and stomach in Korea.This study was aimed to investigate the effect of D.batatas on longitudinal bone growth rate in adolescent female rats.METHODS D.batatas was extracted with 30% EtOH for 3h at 90℃in a reflux apparatus.In two groups,we administered a twice daily dosage of D.batatas extract(at 30 and 300mg·kg-1,respectively)per os for 4d,and in a control group,we administered vehicle only under the same conditions.Recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH)was subcutaneously injected once daily.All rats were born at same day(33d-old).On day 3,tetracycline was injected intraperitoneally to form a fluorescent band on the growth plates.RESULTS The bone growth rate in groups administered D.batatas 300mg·kg-1 and rhGH was significantly increased to 343.8±20.7,and 359.6±30.2μm·d-1 respectively from control group,320.7±23.2μm·d-1.No difference was observed in the amount of food intake or mean body weight among all groups during the acclimation or administration period.CONCLUSION These results suggest that D.batatas extracts have the potential to induce height increase;however,further research,including clinical trials,is necessary.
文摘Objective: To determine antioxidant activity and phytochemical content from various tubers extracts of sweet potato(Ipomoea batatas) and to explore the correlation of phytochemical content with their antioxidant activities. Methods: Antioxidant activities were tested using DPPH and FRAP assays. Total phenolic was calculated by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, flavonoid content by Chang's method and correlation with their antioxidant activities were analyzed by Pearson's method. Results: PO2 showed highest antioxidant activity, which had the lowest IC50 DPPH(10.54 μg/m L) and the lowest EC50 FRAP(11.14 μg/m L). PO2 showed the highest total phenolic(11.91 g GAE/100 g) and total flavonoid content(17.83 g QE/100 g). There were significantly negative correlation between total phenolic content and flavonoid content in sample PO with their IC50 DPPH and EC50 FRAP. IC50 DPPH of sample PP and PO showed significantly positive correlation with their EC50 FRAP. Conclusions: Result of DPPH method shows that all different ethyl acetate and ethanolic tubers extracts of four varieties of sweet potato are classified as strong and very strong antioxidant. Result of DPPH and FRAP methods indicates that phenolic and flavonoid compounds in sample PO contributes together to antioxidant activities. Antioxidant activities of sample PP and PO by DPPH method are linear to FRAP method.
文摘In Martinique (F.W.I.), biodiversity of vegetable varieties remain unexploited due to public unawareness or supply problems. To further enhance the sweet potato, physicochemical, sensory and nutritional characteristics of eight varieties of sweet potato were established. The eight sweet potatoes cultivars were noticeably diverse with phenotypic, sensory, physicochemical and nutritional characteristics which were very varied. The eight cultivars grown in Martinique were advantageously positioned in relation to the globally identified sweet potato, regarding fibre, starch, potassium, copper, vitamin B1, B3 and B9 contents. Compared to the ordinary potato, Martiniquan sweet potatoes have a much better nutritional potential. Energy value and vitamin C levels were twice as much as in normal potatoes. Martiniquan sweet potatoes cultivars were also richer in minerals and vitamins, with 2.7 times more vitamin B9 and 63 times more beta-carotene than the ordinary potato.
文摘Allelopathic compounds have the potential to inhibit the growth and development of other organisms in a diverse manner ranging from shifting nutrients and enhancing their growth to inflicting diseases. In addition, these compounds influence seedling growth and seed germination of various crops. The goal of this study was to identify and quantify different allelochemicals in various sweet potato cultivars through high-performance liquid chromatography techniques. Selected sweet potato slips (weight: 2.0 - 2.5 grams/slip) were propagated in separate glass tubes filled with 10.0 mL distilled water. Water extract from each glass tube was collected after 2, 4, and 6 weeks after transplanting (WAP) to identify and quantify allelochemical compounds by comparing their peaks with the retention time of standards. Results show that the concentration of allelochemicals in water extract was increased from 2 to 4 WAP but remained constant in the sixth week. Quantitative analysis revealed that the amount of chlorogenic acid was higher in all sweet potato cultivars compared to other allelochemicals. Some sweet potato cultivars, A5 and A39, exhibited higher allelopathy (18.28 - 19.37 ppm/slip) and reduced the height and biomass of Palmer amaranth the most due to the presence of increased concentration of combined allelochemicals, while other cultivars produced lesser allelochemicals (10.90 ppm/slip) and did not reduce the growth of the weed species. Allelopathic sweet potato cultivars high in chlorogenic acid production can effectively suppress Palmer amaranth with minimal dependence on chemicals to manage weeds and harmful pests under sustainable agricultural system.
