A new alkaloid was isolated from the bulbs of Lycoris aurea （L＇Herit.） Herb. Its structure was established as 3-o-ethyltazettinol through chemical and spectroscopic studies including 2D NMR.
Acetylcholinesterase （ACHE） plays an important role in enzyme-based detection of pesticides in the environment. In this paper, ACHE from the Triton X-100 extract of brain tissues of Oreochromis aurea was purified by...Acetylcholinesterase （ACHE） plays an important role in enzyme-based detection of pesticides in the environment. In this paper, ACHE from the Triton X-100 extract of brain tissues of Oreochromis aurea was purified by （NH4）2SO4 fractional precipitation, Sephadex G-100 gel filtration, and DEAE-cellulose ion exchange chromatography. Certain biochemical characterizations of the purified enzyme and inhibition of pesticides on the enzyme were also studied. The specific activity of this purified enzyme was 20.628 U/mg protein, fold of purification was 139, and recovery was 22.1%. The optimal temperature of this enzyme was between 35-40 ℃, and optimal pH was between 7.5-8.0. The Michaelis constant （Kin） for acetylthiocholine iodide was 0.183 mmol/L. The enzyme activity was inhibited by excess substrate, and optimal substrate concentration was 6 mmol/L. Four pesticides （dichlorvos, phoxim, triazophos, and methomyl） exhibited strong inhibitions on this enzyme with IC50 less than 5 μg/mL. This study suggests that Oreochromis aurea （tilapia） could be a good enzyme source for pesticide monitoring in water environments.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of flavonoid and polysaccharide extracts from bulbs of Lycoris aurea.[Methods]The disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activi...[Objectives]To explore the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of flavonoid and polysaccharide extracts from bulbs of Lycoris aurea.[Methods]The disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of flavonoid and polysaccharide extracts from the bulbs of L.aurea.The antioxidant activity was determined by scavenging of hydroxyl and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine(DPPH)free radicals,and reducing ability.[Results]Flavonoids were effective on 7 microorganisms,but polysaccharides had no effect.Flavonoids had better hydroxyl free radical scavenging activity and reducing capacity than polysaccharides,but weaker than ascorbic acid.However,flavonoids had similar DPPH free radical activity to ascorbic acid.The strong antibacterial and antioxidant activities of flavonoids were mainly attributed to the high content of total phenols in the extract,which was(76.71±4.42)mg/g.[Conclusions]The study shows that flavonoids from bulbs of L.aurea could be regarded as a new potential source of natural bacterial inhibitors and antioxidants.展开更多
Background:The intrinsic adroitness of medicinal plants as a therapy for several maladies is well-documented in African Herbal Pharmacopeia.Leaves of Ficus aurea L.(Moraceae)are commonly used in folkloric medicine in ...Background:The intrinsic adroitness of medicinal plants as a therapy for several maladies is well-documented in African Herbal Pharmacopeia.Leaves of Ficus aurea L.(Moraceae)are commonly used in folkloric medicine in southeastern Nigeria and other areas of the world to treat malaria,dermatitis,circulatory and intestinal parasitic health abnormalities.Objective:The aim of the study was to explore the phytochemical composition and potential toxicity of the ethanolic leaf extract of F.aurea L.(herein afterwards referred to as ELEFA)in albino rats of both sexes.Methods:Gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC–MS)was performed to analyze the chemical constituents of F.aurea.In the acute toxicity study,a single oral dose of up to 5000 mg/kg ELEFA was administered.For the sub-acute toxicity study,rats were randomly assigned to individual cages to eschew copulation.Male groups(A2-A4)and female groups(B2-B4)were administered varying doses of ELEFA(250,500,750 mg/kg)for 28 days,while control groups A1 and B1 received 1 mL/kg of distilled water.Standard analytical procedures were utilized to evaluate the biochemical and haematological profiles,as well as liver and kidney histopathology.Results:The GC–MS analysis identified 13 phyto-compounds,six of which possess known bioactive and pharmacological properties.These bioactive compounds include gamma-dodecalactone,n-hexadecanoic acid,methyl stearate,9,12-octadecadienoic acid,oleic acid,octadecanoic acid.In the acute toxicity,no death was recorded within 24 h following oral administration of ELEFA.Remarkably,haematological and renal biomarkers remained unaltered post-ELEFA administration.However,elevated levels of serum aspartate and alanine transaminases were detected in ELEFA-treated groups,indicating potential hepatotoxicity.A reduction in atherogenic lipid markers and a dose-dependent elevation in antioxidant concentrations were observed,suggesting a nuanced impact on oxidative stress.Conclusion:The study emphasized caution regarding higher ELEFA doses,highlighting potential hepatotoxic effects evident in liver histopathology at 500 mg/kg and 750 mg/kg.We recommend the prudent use of lower ELEFA doses for therapeutic purposes to mitigate potential adverse effects.展开更多
Objective To explore the optimum condition for complex enzyme-assisted extraction of galanthamine from Lycoris aurea by L_9（3~4） orthogonal array design and separation effect of cation exchange resin on galanthamine...Objective To explore the optimum condition for complex enzyme-assisted extraction of galanthamine from Lycoris aurea by L_9（3~4） orthogonal array design and separation effect of cation exchange resin on galanthamine. Methods Cellulase and pectinase solution was used as the extraction solvent. The effects of p H value of enzyme, amount of complex enzyme, dissociation time, and enzymatic hydrolysis temperature on the extraction results were investigated. Results The optimal conditions were obtained as follows： ratio of solid to liquid（g：mL） 1：10, pH value 4.5, amount of complex enzymes 4%, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 50oC, and reaction time 2.0 h. Under these conditions, the extraction yield of galanthamine was 0.0294%. In addition, D-001 cation exchange resin was selected for separation of galanthamine. The separation conditions were that adsorption flow rate was 3 BV/h with reagent of pH2 and the desorption flow rate was 3 BV/h with 70% ethanol solution containing 1.5 mol/L ammonia. After separation, the content of galanthamine was increased to 12.31%. Conclusion The results provide a reference for industrial production of galanthamine.展开更多
基金support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30572312)
文摘A new alkaloid was isolated from the bulbs of Lycoris aurea （L＇Herit.） Herb. Its structure was established as 3-o-ethyltazettinol through chemical and spectroscopic studies including 2D NMR.
基金supported by Huizhou Science and Technology Planning Project Foundation (Grant No.2008P60)
文摘Acetylcholinesterase （ACHE） plays an important role in enzyme-based detection of pesticides in the environment. In this paper, ACHE from the Triton X-100 extract of brain tissues of Oreochromis aurea was purified by （NH4）2SO4 fractional precipitation, Sephadex G-100 gel filtration, and DEAE-cellulose ion exchange chromatography. Certain biochemical characterizations of the purified enzyme and inhibition of pesticides on the enzyme were also studied. The specific activity of this purified enzyme was 20.628 U/mg protein, fold of purification was 139, and recovery was 22.1%. The optimal temperature of this enzyme was between 35-40 ℃, and optimal pH was between 7.5-8.0. The Michaelis constant （Kin） for acetylthiocholine iodide was 0.183 mmol/L. The enzyme activity was inhibited by excess substrate, and optimal substrate concentration was 6 mmol/L. Four pesticides （dichlorvos, phoxim, triazophos, and methomyl） exhibited strong inhibitions on this enzyme with IC50 less than 5 μg/mL. This study suggests that Oreochromis aurea （tilapia） could be a good enzyme source for pesticide monitoring in water environments.
基金Independent Application Project of Agricultural and Social Development Scientific Research in Hangzhou(20191203B31).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of flavonoid and polysaccharide extracts from bulbs of Lycoris aurea.[Methods]The disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of flavonoid and polysaccharide extracts from the bulbs of L.aurea.The antioxidant activity was determined by scavenging of hydroxyl and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine(DPPH)free radicals,and reducing ability.[Results]Flavonoids were effective on 7 microorganisms,but polysaccharides had no effect.Flavonoids had better hydroxyl free radical scavenging activity and reducing capacity than polysaccharides,but weaker than ascorbic acid.However,flavonoids had similar DPPH free radical activity to ascorbic acid.The strong antibacterial and antioxidant activities of flavonoids were mainly attributed to the high content of total phenols in the extract,which was(76.71±4.42)mg/g.[Conclusions]The study shows that flavonoids from bulbs of L.aurea could be regarded as a new potential source of natural bacterial inhibitors and antioxidants.
文摘Background:The intrinsic adroitness of medicinal plants as a therapy for several maladies is well-documented in African Herbal Pharmacopeia.Leaves of Ficus aurea L.(Moraceae)are commonly used in folkloric medicine in southeastern Nigeria and other areas of the world to treat malaria,dermatitis,circulatory and intestinal parasitic health abnormalities.Objective:The aim of the study was to explore the phytochemical composition and potential toxicity of the ethanolic leaf extract of F.aurea L.(herein afterwards referred to as ELEFA)in albino rats of both sexes.Methods:Gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC–MS)was performed to analyze the chemical constituents of F.aurea.In the acute toxicity study,a single oral dose of up to 5000 mg/kg ELEFA was administered.For the sub-acute toxicity study,rats were randomly assigned to individual cages to eschew copulation.Male groups(A2-A4)and female groups(B2-B4)were administered varying doses of ELEFA(250,500,750 mg/kg)for 28 days,while control groups A1 and B1 received 1 mL/kg of distilled water.Standard analytical procedures were utilized to evaluate the biochemical and haematological profiles,as well as liver and kidney histopathology.Results:The GC–MS analysis identified 13 phyto-compounds,six of which possess known bioactive and pharmacological properties.These bioactive compounds include gamma-dodecalactone,n-hexadecanoic acid,methyl stearate,9,12-octadecadienoic acid,oleic acid,octadecanoic acid.In the acute toxicity,no death was recorded within 24 h following oral administration of ELEFA.Remarkably,haematological and renal biomarkers remained unaltered post-ELEFA administration.However,elevated levels of serum aspartate and alanine transaminases were detected in ELEFA-treated groups,indicating potential hepatotoxicity.A reduction in atherogenic lipid markers and a dose-dependent elevation in antioxidant concentrations were observed,suggesting a nuanced impact on oxidative stress.Conclusion:The study emphasized caution regarding higher ELEFA doses,highlighting potential hepatotoxic effects evident in liver histopathology at 500 mg/kg and 750 mg/kg.We recommend the prudent use of lower ELEFA doses for therapeutic purposes to mitigate potential adverse effects.
基金Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department(2012TP4002-3)Zhangjiajie Science and Technology Bureau(2014YB17)
文摘Objective To explore the optimum condition for complex enzyme-assisted extraction of galanthamine from Lycoris aurea by L_9（3~4） orthogonal array design and separation effect of cation exchange resin on galanthamine. Methods Cellulase and pectinase solution was used as the extraction solvent. The effects of p H value of enzyme, amount of complex enzyme, dissociation time, and enzymatic hydrolysis temperature on the extraction results were investigated. Results The optimal conditions were obtained as follows： ratio of solid to liquid（g：mL） 1：10, pH value 4.5, amount of complex enzymes 4%, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 50oC, and reaction time 2.0 h. Under these conditions, the extraction yield of galanthamine was 0.0294%. In addition, D-001 cation exchange resin was selected for separation of galanthamine. The separation conditions were that adsorption flow rate was 3 BV/h with reagent of pH2 and the desorption flow rate was 3 BV/h with 70% ethanol solution containing 1.5 mol/L ammonia. After separation, the content of galanthamine was increased to 12.31%. Conclusion The results provide a reference for industrial production of galanthamine.
