With the explosive development of wireless communication and low power embedded techniques, Body Area Network (BAN) has opened up new frontiers in the race to provide real-time health monitoring. IEEE 802 has establis...With the explosive development of wireless communication and low power embedded techniques, Body Area Network (BAN) has opened up new frontiers in the race to provide real-time health monitoring. IEEE 802 has established a Task Group called IEEE 802.15.6 inNovember 2007 and aims to establish a communication standard optimized for low power, high reliability applied to medical and non-medical application for BANs. This paper overviews the path loss model and the communication scheme for implant-to-body surface channel presented by IEEE 802.15.6 standard. Comparing with the standard scheme where BCH (Bose-Chaudhuri-Hochquenghem) code is employing, we propose a new coding solution using convolutional code operating with Bit Interleaver based on the properties of implant-to-body surface channel. To analyze the performance of the two Error Correct Coding (ECC) schemes, we performed simulations in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) and power consumption on MATLAB and FPGA platform, respectively. The simulation results proved that with appropriate constraint length, convolutional code has a better performance not only in BER, but also in minimization of resources and power consumption.展开更多
Wireless Body Area Network(WBAN) is an emerging technology to provide real-time health monitoring and ubiquitous healthcare services. In many applications, multiple wireless body area networks have to coexist in a sma...Wireless Body Area Network(WBAN) is an emerging technology to provide real-time health monitoring and ubiquitous healthcare services. In many applications, multiple wireless body area networks have to coexist in a small area, resulting in serious inter-network interference. This not only reduces network reliability that is especially important in emergency medical applications, but also consumes more power of WBANs. In this paper, an inter-network interference mitigation approach based on a power control algorithm is proposed. Power control is modeled as a non-cooperative game, in which both inter-network interference and energy efficiency of WBANs are considered. The existence and uniqueness of Nash Equilibrium in the game are proved, and an optimal scheme based on best response is proposed to find its Nash Equilibrium. By coordinating the transmission power levels among networks under interference environment, the total system throughput can be increased with minimum power consumed. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been illustrated by simulation results, where the performance of the proposed approach is evaluated in terms of overall utility and power efficiency and convergence speed.展开更多
Recent advances in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology, integrated circuits, and wireless communication have allowed the realization of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). WBANs promise unobtrusive amb...Recent advances in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology, integrated circuits, and wireless communication have allowed the realization of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). WBANs promise unobtrusive ambulatory health monitoring for a long period of time, and provide real-time updates of the patient’s status to the physician. They are widely used for ubiquitous healthcare, entertainment, and military applications. This paper reviews the key aspects of WBANs for numerous applications. We present a WBAN infrastructure that provides solutions to on-demand, emergency, and normal traffic. We further discuss in-body antenna design and low-power MAC protocol for a WBAN. In addition, we briefly outline some of the WBAN applications with examples. Our discussion realizes a need for new power-efficient solu-tions towards in-body and on-body sensor networks.展开更多
针对无线体域网(Wireless Body Area Network,WBAN)面临的能源供应限制和数据时效性不足问题,文中设计了一种基于无线供能体域网(Wireless-powered Body Area Network,WP-BAN)的传输优化策略。对WP-BAN进行系统建模,考虑了基于马尔可夫...针对无线体域网(Wireless Body Area Network,WBAN)面临的能源供应限制和数据时效性不足问题,文中设计了一种基于无线供能体域网(Wireless-powered Body Area Network,WP-BAN)的传输优化策略。对WP-BAN进行系统建模,考虑了基于马尔可夫的数据采集传输过程、能量供应与消耗过程以及信息年龄(Age-of-Information,AoI)增长过程,并在队列稳定性约束和链路容量约束下构建一个关于数据采样速率与数据丢弃率系统效用最大化的离散时间随机优化问题。运用Lyapunov优化理论将原问题转化为单时隙多序列的确定性优化问题,设计了效用最大化的传输调度和能量收集策略(Utility-maximization Transmission Scheduling and Energy Harvesting Strategy,UMTEHS)。在Lyapunov求解框架下使用BARON(Branch and Reduce Optimization Navigator)求解器求解转化后的优化问题,根据当前时刻的队列状态优化下一个时刻的数据传输调度和能量收集率。仿真实验验证了所提策略的有效性,其在保持系统能量中性运行的同时能够获得更大的系统效用和更小的AoI。展开更多
The Internet of Things(IoT)consists of interconnected smart devices communicating and collecting data.The Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks(RPL)is the standard protocol for Internet Protocol Version 6(...The Internet of Things(IoT)consists of interconnected smart devices communicating and collecting data.The Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks(RPL)is the standard protocol for Internet Protocol Version 6(IPv6)in the IoT.However,RPL is vulnerable to various attacks,including the sinkhole attack,which disrupts the network by manipulating routing information.This paper proposes the Unweighted Voting Method(UVM)for sinkhole node identification,utilizing three key behavioral indicators:DODAG Information Object(DIO)Transaction Frequency,Rank Harmony,and Power Consumption.These indicators have been carefully selected based on their contribution to sinkhole attack detection and other relevant features used in previous research.The UVM method employs an unweighted voting mechanism,where each voter or rule holds equal weight in detecting the presence of a sinkhole attack based on the proposed indicators.The effectiveness of the UVM method is evaluated using the COOJA simulator and compared with existing approaches.Notably,the proposed approach fulfills power consumption requirements for constrained nodes without increasing consumption due to the deployment design.In terms of detection accuracy,simulation results demonstrate a high detection rate ranging from 90%to 100%,with a low false-positive rate of 0%to 0.2%.Consequently,the proposed approach surpasses Ensemble Learning Intrusion Detection Systems by leveraging three indicators and three supporting rules.展开更多
基于无线体域网(Wireless Body Area Network,WBAN)的实时健康监测系统在医疗保健领域发挥重要作用。这种监测系统主要问题是传输能效,即如何在微型传感器的能量限制的情况下,提高测量数据传输的稳定性和有效性。针对类传输能效问题,文...基于无线体域网(Wireless Body Area Network,WBAN)的实时健康监测系统在医疗保健领域发挥重要作用。这种监测系统主要问题是传输能效,即如何在微型传感器的能量限制的情况下,提高测量数据传输的稳定性和有效性。针对类传输能效问题,文中提出一种基于信道自相关和历史信道增益范数相结合的传输功率控制(A&N-TPC)方法,以最大限度地提高系统的传输能效,实现长时间健康监测的任务。在A&N-TPC中,来自多个传感器节点的数据包以时分多址(Time Division Multiple Access,TDMA)方式调度,基于时间自相关模型对下一帧的信道增益进行预测和历史信道增益的范数进行联合优化。将实际WBAN日常场景中收集的信道数据集导入仿真模型以评估A&N-TPC的性能,结果表明,A&N-TPC提高了信道传输稳定性,明显降低传感器节点的能耗。展开更多
重载铁路物联网设备在列车状态监测、轨道完整性检测及故障预警中广泛应用,对远距离、低功耗、高可靠通信提出了严格要求。通过分析重载铁路通信需求,研究远距离无线电(Long Range Radio,LoRa)、窄带物联网(Narrow Band Internet of Thi...重载铁路物联网设备在列车状态监测、轨道完整性检测及故障预警中广泛应用,对远距离、低功耗、高可靠通信提出了严格要求。通过分析重载铁路通信需求,研究远距离无线电(Long Range Radio,LoRa)、窄带物联网(Narrow Band Internet of Things,NB-IoT)、Sigfox等主流低功耗广域网(Low-Power Wide-Area Network,LPWAN)协议的技术特点与适配性,提出多信道自适应调制、分层分簇节点接入、混合传输、低功耗休眠调度及抗干扰链路冗余等优化策略,实现通信效率与功耗的动态平衡。展开更多
文摘With the explosive development of wireless communication and low power embedded techniques, Body Area Network (BAN) has opened up new frontiers in the race to provide real-time health monitoring. IEEE 802 has established a Task Group called IEEE 802.15.6 inNovember 2007 and aims to establish a communication standard optimized for low power, high reliability applied to medical and non-medical application for BANs. This paper overviews the path loss model and the communication scheme for implant-to-body surface channel presented by IEEE 802.15.6 standard. Comparing with the standard scheme where BCH (Bose-Chaudhuri-Hochquenghem) code is employing, we propose a new coding solution using convolutional code operating with Bit Interleaver based on the properties of implant-to-body surface channel. To analyze the performance of the two Error Correct Coding (ECC) schemes, we performed simulations in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) and power consumption on MATLAB and FPGA platform, respectively. The simulation results proved that with appropriate constraint length, convolutional code has a better performance not only in BER, but also in minimization of resources and power consumption.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61074165 and No.61273064)Jilin Provincial Science & Technology Department Key Scientific and Technological Project (No.20140204034GX)Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission Project (No.2015Y043)
文摘Wireless Body Area Network(WBAN) is an emerging technology to provide real-time health monitoring and ubiquitous healthcare services. In many applications, multiple wireless body area networks have to coexist in a small area, resulting in serious inter-network interference. This not only reduces network reliability that is especially important in emergency medical applications, but also consumes more power of WBANs. In this paper, an inter-network interference mitigation approach based on a power control algorithm is proposed. Power control is modeled as a non-cooperative game, in which both inter-network interference and energy efficiency of WBANs are considered. The existence and uniqueness of Nash Equilibrium in the game are proved, and an optimal scheme based on best response is proposed to find its Nash Equilibrium. By coordinating the transmission power levels among networks under interference environment, the total system throughput can be increased with minimum power consumed. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been illustrated by simulation results, where the performance of the proposed approach is evaluated in terms of overall utility and power efficiency and convergence speed.
文摘Recent advances in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology, integrated circuits, and wireless communication have allowed the realization of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). WBANs promise unobtrusive ambulatory health monitoring for a long period of time, and provide real-time updates of the patient’s status to the physician. They are widely used for ubiquitous healthcare, entertainment, and military applications. This paper reviews the key aspects of WBANs for numerous applications. We present a WBAN infrastructure that provides solutions to on-demand, emergency, and normal traffic. We further discuss in-body antenna design and low-power MAC protocol for a WBAN. In addition, we briefly outline some of the WBAN applications with examples. Our discussion realizes a need for new power-efficient solu-tions towards in-body and on-body sensor networks.
文摘针对无线体域网(Wireless Body Area Network,WBAN)面临的能源供应限制和数据时效性不足问题,文中设计了一种基于无线供能体域网(Wireless-powered Body Area Network,WP-BAN)的传输优化策略。对WP-BAN进行系统建模,考虑了基于马尔可夫的数据采集传输过程、能量供应与消耗过程以及信息年龄(Age-of-Information,AoI)增长过程,并在队列稳定性约束和链路容量约束下构建一个关于数据采样速率与数据丢弃率系统效用最大化的离散时间随机优化问题。运用Lyapunov优化理论将原问题转化为单时隙多序列的确定性优化问题,设计了效用最大化的传输调度和能量收集策略(Utility-maximization Transmission Scheduling and Energy Harvesting Strategy,UMTEHS)。在Lyapunov求解框架下使用BARON(Branch and Reduce Optimization Navigator)求解器求解转化后的优化问题,根据当前时刻的队列状态优化下一个时刻的数据传输调度和能量收集率。仿真实验验证了所提策略的有效性,其在保持系统能量中性运行的同时能够获得更大的系统效用和更小的AoI。
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Najran University for this research through a Grant(NU/RG/SERC/12/50)under the Research Groups at Najran University,Saudi Arabia.
文摘The Internet of Things(IoT)consists of interconnected smart devices communicating and collecting data.The Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks(RPL)is the standard protocol for Internet Protocol Version 6(IPv6)in the IoT.However,RPL is vulnerable to various attacks,including the sinkhole attack,which disrupts the network by manipulating routing information.This paper proposes the Unweighted Voting Method(UVM)for sinkhole node identification,utilizing three key behavioral indicators:DODAG Information Object(DIO)Transaction Frequency,Rank Harmony,and Power Consumption.These indicators have been carefully selected based on their contribution to sinkhole attack detection and other relevant features used in previous research.The UVM method employs an unweighted voting mechanism,where each voter or rule holds equal weight in detecting the presence of a sinkhole attack based on the proposed indicators.The effectiveness of the UVM method is evaluated using the COOJA simulator and compared with existing approaches.Notably,the proposed approach fulfills power consumption requirements for constrained nodes without increasing consumption due to the deployment design.In terms of detection accuracy,simulation results demonstrate a high detection rate ranging from 90%to 100%,with a low false-positive rate of 0%to 0.2%.Consequently,the proposed approach surpasses Ensemble Learning Intrusion Detection Systems by leveraging three indicators and three supporting rules.
文摘基于无线体域网(Wireless Body Area Network,WBAN)的实时健康监测系统在医疗保健领域发挥重要作用。这种监测系统主要问题是传输能效,即如何在微型传感器的能量限制的情况下,提高测量数据传输的稳定性和有效性。针对类传输能效问题,文中提出一种基于信道自相关和历史信道增益范数相结合的传输功率控制(A&N-TPC)方法,以最大限度地提高系统的传输能效,实现长时间健康监测的任务。在A&N-TPC中,来自多个传感器节点的数据包以时分多址(Time Division Multiple Access,TDMA)方式调度,基于时间自相关模型对下一帧的信道增益进行预测和历史信道增益的范数进行联合优化。将实际WBAN日常场景中收集的信道数据集导入仿真模型以评估A&N-TPC的性能,结果表明,A&N-TPC提高了信道传输稳定性,明显降低传感器节点的能耗。
文摘重载铁路物联网设备在列车状态监测、轨道完整性检测及故障预警中广泛应用,对远距离、低功耗、高可靠通信提出了严格要求。通过分析重载铁路通信需求,研究远距离无线电(Long Range Radio,LoRa)、窄带物联网(Narrow Band Internet of Things,NB-IoT)、Sigfox等主流低功耗广域网(Low-Power Wide-Area Network,LPWAN)协议的技术特点与适配性,提出多信道自适应调制、分层分簇节点接入、混合传输、低功耗休眠调度及抗干扰链路冗余等优化策略,实现通信效率与功耗的动态平衡。
