α-Trifluoromethyl ketones are a class of useful compounds with versatile applications.Their synthetic application via the transformation of the C—F bonds is of particular interest by allowing the synthesis of organi...α-Trifluoromethyl ketones are a class of useful compounds with versatile applications.Their synthetic application via the transformation of the C—F bonds is of particular interest by allowing the synthesis of organic compounds with diverse structures.Herein,the advances in the research areas ofα-trifluoromethyl ketone synthesis and their defluorination reactions are reviewed.Discussion on the mechanisms of the typical reactions has also been provided,in hope of affording some guides to the chemistry ofα-trifluoromethyl ketones in the synthetic methods toward themselves and their derivatives.展开更多
Electrospinning technology has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible lithium-ion batter-ies(FLIBs)due to its ability to create materials with desir-able properties for energy storage applications.FLIB...Electrospinning technology has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible lithium-ion batter-ies(FLIBs)due to its ability to create materials with desir-able properties for energy storage applications.FLIBs,which are foldable and have high energy densities,are be-coming increasingly important as power sources for wear-able devices,flexible electronics,and mobile energy applica-tions.Carbon materials,especially carbon nanofibers,are pivotal in improving the performance of FLIBs by increas-ing electrical conductivity,chemical stability,and surface area,as well as reducing costs.These materials also play a significant role in establishing conducting networks and im-proving structural integrity,which are essential for extend-ing the cycle life and enhancing the safety of the batteries.This review considers the role of electrospinning in the fabrication of critical FLIB components,with a particular emphasis on the integration of carbon materials.It explores strategies to optimize FLIB performance by fine-tuning the electrospinning para-meters,such as electric field strength,spinning rate,solution concentration,and carbonization process.Precise control over fiber properties is crucial for enhancing battery reliability and stability during folding and bending.It also highlights the latest research findings in carbon-based electrode materials,high-performance electrolytes,and separator structures,discussing the practical challenges and opportunities these materials present.It underscores the significant impact of carbon materials on the evolution of FLIBs and their potential to shape future energy storage technologies.展开更多
Soil improvement is one of the most important issues in geotechnical engineering practice.The wide application of traditional improvement techniques(cement/chemical materials)are limited due to damage ecological en-vi...Soil improvement is one of the most important issues in geotechnical engineering practice.The wide application of traditional improvement techniques(cement/chemical materials)are limited due to damage ecological en-vironment and intensify carbon emissions.However,the use of microbially induced calcium carbonate pre-cipitation(MICP)to obtain bio-cement is a novel technique with the potential to induce soil stability,providing a low-carbon,environment-friendly,and sustainable integrated solution for some geotechnical engineering pro-blems in the environment.This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest progress in soil improvement based on the MICP strategy.It systematically summarizes and overviews the mineralization mechanism,influ-encing factors,improved methods,engineering characteristics,and current field application status of the MICP.Additionally,it also explores the limitations and correspondingly proposes prospective applications via the MICP approach for soil improvement.This review indicates that the utilization of different environmental calcium-based wastes in MICP and combination of materials and MICP are conducive to meeting engineering and market demand.Furthermore,we recommend and encourage global collaborative study and practice with a view to commercializing MICP technique in the future.The current review purports to provide insights for engineers and interdisciplinary researchers,and guidance for future engineering applications.展开更多
Biliary system,which is responsible for transporting bile from the liver into the intestine,is commonly damaged by inflammation or tumors eventually causing liver failure or death.The implantation of biliary stents ca...Biliary system,which is responsible for transporting bile from the liver into the intestine,is commonly damaged by inflammation or tumors eventually causing liver failure or death.The implantation of biliary stents can effectively alleviate both benign and malignant biliary strictures,but the plastic and metal stents that are currently used cannot degrade and nearly has no beneficial biological effects,therefore their long-term service can result into inflammation,the formation of sludges and re-obstruction of bile duct.In recent years,magnesium(Mg)metal has been received increasing attention in the field of biomedical application due to its excellent biocompatibility,adequate mechanical properties,biodegradability and other advantages,such as anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties.The research on biliary stents made of magnesium metals(BSMM)has also made significant progress and a series of experiments in vitro and vivo has proved their possibility.However,there are still some problems holding back BSMM’s clinical use,including rapid corrosion rate and potential harmful reaction.In this review,we would summarize the current research of BSMM,evaluate their clinical benefits,find the choke points,and discuss the solving method.展开更多
Grape crops are a great source of income for farmers.The yield and quality of grapes can be improved by preventing and treating diseases.The farmer’s yield will be dramatically impacted if diseases are found on grape...Grape crops are a great source of income for farmers.The yield and quality of grapes can be improved by preventing and treating diseases.The farmer’s yield will be dramatically impacted if diseases are found on grape leaves.Automatic detection can reduce the chances of leaf diseases affecting other healthy plants.Several studies have been conducted to detect grape leaf diseases,but most fail to engage with end users and integrate the model with real-time mobile applications.This study developed a mobile-based grape leaf disease detection(GLDD)application to identify infected leaves,Grape Guard,based on a TensorFlow Lite(TFLite)model generated from the You Only Look Once(YOLO)v8 model.A public grape leaf disease dataset containing four classes was used to train the model.The results of this study were relied on the YOLO architecture,specifically YOLOv5 and YOLOv8.After extensive experiments with different image sizes,YOLOv8 performed better than YOLOv5.YOLOv8 achieved 99.9%precision,100%recall,99.5%mean average precision(mAP),and 88%mAP50-95 for all classes to detect grape leaf diseases.The Grape Guard android mobile application can accurately detect the grape leaf disease by capturing images from grape vines.展开更多
Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)is a kind of physical therapy that use electric cur-rent through the electrodes placed on the surface of acupoints to produce clinical effects in the human body,whic...Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)is a kind of physical therapy that use electric cur-rent through the electrodes placed on the surface of acupoints to produce clinical effects in the human body,which is characterized by less adverse reaction and convenient operation.It has been widely used in the treatment of various diseases.This review introduces six major clinical applications of TEAS,named analgesia,regulation of gastrointestinal function,improvement of reproductive function,enhancement of cognitive function,promotion of limb function recovery and relief of fatigue.Besides,TEAS has been ap-plied to the treatment of other chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes,achieving satisfactory clinical effects.However,two crucial challenges are encountered in the development of TEAS.One is the lack of standardization in the selection of parameters such as waveform,frequency,intensity and stimula-tion duration.The other is the limitation on the flexibility in the acupoint selection.This review analyzes key issues that need to be addressed in the current clinical application of TEAS,such as the selection of parameters and acupoints,and this review provides a certain reference value for optimizing regimens of TEAS and promoting its development and application.展开更多
The increase in soil temperature associated with climate change has introduced considerable challenges to crop production.Split nitrogen application(SN)represents a potential strategy for improving crop nitrogen use e...The increase in soil temperature associated with climate change has introduced considerable challenges to crop production.Split nitrogen application(SN)represents a potential strategy for improving crop nitrogen use efficiency and enhancing crop stress resistance.Nevertheless,the precise interaction between soil warming(SW)and SN remains unclear.In order to ascertain the impact of SW on maize growth and whether SN can improve the tolerance of maize to SW,a two-year field experiment was conducted(2022-2023).The aim was to examine the influence of two SW ranges(MT,warming 1.40℃;HT,warming 2.75℃)and two nitrogen application methods(N1,one-time basal application of nitrogen fertilizer;N2,one third of base nitrogen fertilizer+two thirds of jointing stage supplemental nitrogen fertilizer)on maize root growth,photosynthetic characteristics,nitrogen use efficiency,and yield.The results demonstrated that SW impeded root growth and precipitated the premature aging of maize leaves following anthesis,particularly in the HT,which led to a notable reduction in maize yield.In comparison to N1,SN has been shown to increase root length density by 8.54%,root bleeding rate by 8.57%,and enhance root distribution ratio in the middle soil layers(20-60 cm).The interaction between SW and SN had a notable impact on maize growth and yield.The SN improved the absorption and utilization efficiency of nitrogen by promoting root development and downward canopy growth,thus improving the tolerance of maize to SW at the later stage of growth.In particular,the N2HT resulted in a 14.51%increase in the photosynthetic rate,a 18.58%increase in nitrogen absorption efficiency,and a 18.32%increase in maize yield compared with N1HT.It can be posited that the SN represents a viable nitrogen management measure with the potential to enhance maize tolerance to soil high-temperature stress.展开更多
BACKGROUND Although gastroscopy is a commonly used diagnostic and therapeutic technique,postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction is prone to occur.Traditional Chinese medicine theory suggests that postoperative gast...BACKGROUND Although gastroscopy is a commonly used diagnostic and therapeutic technique,postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction is prone to occur.Traditional Chinese medicine theory suggests that postoperative gastrointestinal disorders are related to spleen and stomach weakness.This study hypothesizes that the combination of acupoint application at the Ziwu Liuzhu acupoint and percutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation can promote postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery and alleviate stress reactions.AIM To investigate the effects of acupoint application of Ziwu Liuzhu combined with percutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation on postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery and stress response in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy surgery.METHODS A total of 120 patients who underwent gastroscopy surgery were selected and treated between October 2024 and January 2025.This study used a stratified block randomization method,and then allocated groups using computer-generated random number sequences(SAS 9.4 software).The groups were divided into two groups:A control group of 60 patients who received routine postoperative intervention measures,and an observation group of 60 patients who received acupuncture point application combined with transcutaneous acupoint electrical CONCLUSION The combination of percutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation in gastroscopy patients has been demonstrated to be both highly safe and effective.The benefits of this approach include the promotion of postoperative gastrointestinal function,the reduction of stress response,the attainment of optimal results,and the enhancement of patient satisfaction.展开更多
Magnesium(Mg)-based bioresorbable stents represent a potentially groundbreaking advancement in cardiovascular therapy;offering tem-porary vessel support and complete biodegradability—addressing limitations of traditi...Magnesium(Mg)-based bioresorbable stents represent a potentially groundbreaking advancement in cardiovascular therapy;offering tem-porary vessel support and complete biodegradability—addressing limitations of traditional stents like in-stent restenosis and long-term com-plications.However,challenges such as rapid corrosion and suboptimal endothelialisation have hindered their clinical adoption.This review highlights the latest breakthroughs in surface modification,alloying,and coating strategies to enhance the mechanical integrity,corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility of Mg-based stents.Key surface engineering techniques,including polymer and bioactive coatings,are ex-amined for their role in promoting endothelial healing and minimising inflammatory responses.Future directions are proposed,focusing on personalised stent designs to optimize efficacy and long-term outcomes,positioning Mg-based stents as a transformative solution in interventional cardiology.展开更多
The trade-off between yield and environmental effects caused by nitrogen fertilizer application is an important issue in wheat production.A reduction in fertile florets is one of the main reasons for the lower yields ...The trade-off between yield and environmental effects caused by nitrogen fertilizer application is an important issue in wheat production.A reduction in fertile florets is one of the main reasons for the lower yields under low nitrogen application rates.Brassinosteroids(BRs)have been found to play a role in nitrogen-induced rice spikelet degeneration.However,whether BRs play a role in wheat floret development and the mechanisms involved are not clear.Therefore,a nitrogen gradient experiment and exogenous spraying experiment were conducted to investigate the role and mechanism of BRs in wheat floret development under low nitrogen stress.The results showed that as the nitrogen application decreased,the endogenous BRs content of the spikes decreased,photosynthesis weakened,and total carbon,soluble sugar and starch in the spikes decreased,leading to a reduction in the number of fertile florets.Under low nitrogen stress,exogenous spraying of 24-epibrassinolide promoted photosynthesis,and stimulated stem fructan hydrolysis and the utilization and storage of sucrose in spikes,which directed more carbohydrates to the spikes and increased the number of fertile florets.In conclusion,BRs mediate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on wheat floret development,and under low nitrogen stress,foliar spraying of 24-epibrassinolide promotes the flow of carbohydrates from the stem to the spikes,alleviating wheat floret degeneration.展开更多
Objectives This study aimed to develop and preliminarily assess the quality of a Mindfulness Breast Care(MBC)App to reduce body image distress and stigma among breast cancer survivors(BCSs).Methods The development pro...Objectives This study aimed to develop and preliminarily assess the quality of a Mindfulness Breast Care(MBC)App to reduce body image distress and stigma among breast cancer survivors(BCSs).Methods The development process of the MBC App involved:1)establishing a research group;2)determining of the content of the MBC App based on Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy and 3)technical exploitation and maintenance.A mixed-methods study was conducted.We selected ten BCSs by a convenience sampling method.After using the APP for three months,five assessed the quality using the Mobile App Rating Scale:User Version(uMARS)and another five were interviewed for process evaluation.Results The MBC App was developed with three modules:1)Library to provide health education information on body image,stigma,mindfulness,recovery and etc;2)Mindfulness Yoga to offer 12 Hatha yoga videos for daily practice;and 3)Mindfulness Practices to have 12 sessions of mindfulness videoconferences.Based on the uMARS data,the MBC App received high ratings for functionality(4.10±0.34),aesthetics(3.93±0.55),information quality(4.10±0.72),and perceived impact(4.03±0.96),as well as moderate ratings for engagement(3.72±0.94)and subjective quality(3.87±0.77).Participants indicated that the MBC App provided reliable knowledge,information,and emotional support.Recommendations from participants included categorizing knowledge in the Library Module,recording videoconferences of mindfulness practice,and adding discussion sessions in the videoconference.Afterward,we optimized the MBC App to enhance the user experience accordingly.Conclusions The MBC App offers online mindfulness interventions specifically for BCSs in China.The preliminary quality assessment indicates that the MBC App may be a promising tool for delivering mindfulness interventions to BCSs.展开更多
As one of the lightest engineering materials,magnesium(Mg)alloy possesses excellent mechanical performance,meeting the needs of versatile engineering fields and holding the potential to address cutting-edge issues in ...As one of the lightest engineering materials,magnesium(Mg)alloy possesses excellent mechanical performance,meeting the needs of versatile engineering fields and holding the potential to address cutting-edge issues in aerospace,electronics,biomedicine.The design of superhydrophobic(SHB)surfaces with micro and nanostructures can endow Mg alloys with multiple functionalities,such as self-cleaning,self-healing,antibacterial,and corrosion resistance.Over the past decade,researchers have drawn inspiration from nature to implement biomimetic design principles,resulting in the rapid development of micro/nanostructured SHB surfaces on Mg alloys,which hold great promise for biomedical applications.This review comprehensively introduces the biomimetic design principles of micro/nanostructured SHB surfaces on Mg alloys,discusses the challenges along with advantages and disadvantages of current preparation methods,and explores the future perspectives for preparing these SHB surfaces,providing strategies to enhance their performance in biomedical applications.展开更多
The Monte Carlo(MC)method offers significant advantages in handling complex geometries and physical processes in particle transport problems and has become a widely used approach in reactor physics analysis,radiation ...The Monte Carlo(MC)method offers significant advantages in handling complex geometries and physical processes in particle transport problems and has become a widely used approach in reactor physics analysis,radiation shielding design,and medical physics.However,with the rapid advancement of new nuclear energy systems,the Monte Carlo method faces challenges in efficiency,accuracy,and adaptability,limiting its effectiveness in meeting modern design requirements.Overcoming technical obstacles related to high-fidelity coupling,high-resolution computation,and intelligent design is essential for using the Monte Carlo method as a reliable tool in numerical analysis for these new nuclear energy systems.To address these challenges,the Nuclear Energy and Application Laboratory(NEAL)team at the University of South China developed a multifunctional and generalized intelligent code platform called MagicMC,based on the Monte Carlo particle transport method.MagicMC is a developing tool dedicated to nuclear applications,incorporating intelligent methodologies.It consists of two primary components:a basic unit and a functional unit.The basic unit,which functions similarly to a standard Monte Carlo particle transport code,includes seven modules:geometry,source,transport,database,tally,output,and auxiliary.The functional unit builds on the basic unit by adding functional modules to address complex and diverse applications in nuclear analysis.MagicMC introduces a dynamic Monte Carlo particle transport algorithm to address time-space particle transport problems within emerging nuclear energy systems and incorporates a CPU-GPU heterogeneous parallel framework to enable high-efficiency,high-resolution simulations for large-scale computational problems.Anticipating future trends in intelligent design,MagicMC integrates several advanced features,including CAD-based geometry modeling,global variance reduction methods,multi-objective shielding optimization,high-resolution activation analysis,multi-physics coupling,and radiation therapy.In this paper,various numerical benchmarks-spanning reactor transient simulations,material activation analysis,radiation shielding optimization,and medical dosimetry analysis-are presented to validate MagicMC.The numerical results demonstrate MagicMC's efficiency,accuracy,and reliability in these preliminary applications,underscoring its potential to support technological advancements in developing high-fidelity,high-resolution,and high-intelligence MC-based tools for advanced nuclear applications.展开更多
Exosomes(Exos)are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells and serve as crucial mediators of intercellular communication.They play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases and offer promi...Exosomes(Exos)are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells and serve as crucial mediators of intercellular communication.They play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases and offer promising avenues for therapeutic interventions.Exos derived from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have significant immunomodulatory properties.They effectively regulate immune responses by modulating both innate and adaptive immunity.These Exos can inhibit excessive inflammatory responses and promote tissue repair.Moreover,they participate in antigen presentation,which is essential for activating immune responses.The cargo of these Exos,including ligands,proteins,and microRNAs,can suppress T cell activity or enhance the population of immunosuppressive cells to dampen the immune response.By inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation,acting on macrophages,and increasing the population of regulatory T cells,these Exos contribute to maintaining immune and metabolic homeostasis.Furthermore,they can activate immune-related signaling pathways or serve as vehicles to deliver microRNAs and other bioactive substances to target tumor cells,which holds potential for immunotherapy applications.Given the immense therapeutic potential of MSC-derived Exos,this review comprehensively explores their mechanisms of immune regulation and therapeutic applications in areas such as infection control,tumor suppression,and autoimmune disease management.This article aims to provide valuable insights into the mechanisms behind the actions of MSC-derived Exos,offering theoretical references for their future clinical utilization as cell-free drug preparations.展开更多
In this review,we propose a comprehensive overview of additive manufacturing(AM)technologies and design possibilities in manufacturing metamaterials for various applications in the biomedical field,of which many are i...In this review,we propose a comprehensive overview of additive manufacturing(AM)technologies and design possibilities in manufacturing metamaterials for various applications in the biomedical field,of which many are inspired by nature itself.It describes how new AM technologies(e.g.continuous liquid interface production and multiphoton polymerization,etc)and recent developments in more mature AM technologies(e.g.powder bed fusion,stereolithography,and extrusion-based bioprinting(EBB),etc)lead to more precise,efficient,and personalized biomedical components.EBB is a revolutionary topic creating intricate models with remarkable mechanical compatibility of metamaterials,for instance,stress elimination for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,negative or zero Poisson’s ratio.By exploiting the designs of porous structures(e.g.truss,triply periodic minimal surface,plant/animal-inspired,and functionally graded lattices,etc),AM-made bioactive bone implants,artificial tissues,and organs are made for tissue replacement.The material palette of the AM metamaterials has high diversity nowadays,ranging from alloys and metals(e.g.cobalt-chromium alloys and titanium,etc)to polymers(e.g.biodegradable polycaprolactone and polymethyl methacrylate,etc),which could be even integrated within bioactive ceramics.These advancements are driving the progress of the biomedical field,improving human health and quality of life.展开更多
Membrane technology holds significant potential for augmenting or partially substituting conventional separation techniques,such as heatdriven distillation,thereby reducing energy consumption.Organic solvent nanofiltr...Membrane technology holds significant potential for augmenting or partially substituting conventional separation techniques,such as heatdriven distillation,thereby reducing energy consumption.Organic solvent nanofiltration represents an advanced membrane separation technology capable of discerning molecules within a molecular weight range of approximately 100-1000 Da in organic solvents,offering low energy requirements and minimal carbon footprints.Molecular separation in non-polar solvent system,such as toluene,n-hexane,and n-heptane,has gained paramount importance due to their extensive use in the pharmaceutical,biochemical,and petrochemical industries.In this review,we presented recent advancements in membrane materials,membrane fabrication techniques and their promising applications for separation in nonpolar solvent system,encompassing hydrocarbon separation,bioactive molecule purification and organic solvent recovery.Furthermore,this review highlighted the challenges and opportunities associated with membrane scale-up strategies and the direct translation of this promising technology into industrial applications.展开更多
In the context of the rapid iteration of information technology,the Internet of Things(IoT)has established itself as a pivotal hub connecting the digital world and the physical world.Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),dee...In the context of the rapid iteration of information technology,the Internet of Things(IoT)has established itself as a pivotal hub connecting the digital world and the physical world.Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),deeply embedded in the perception layer architecture of the IoT,play a crucial role as“tactile nerve endings.”A vast number of micro sensor nodes are widely distributed in monitoring areas according to preset deployment strategies,continuously and accurately perceiving and collecting real-time data on environmental parameters such as temperature,humidity,light intensity,air pressure,and pollutant concentration.These data are transmitted to the IoT cloud platform through stable and reliable communication links,forming a massive and detailed basic data resource pool.By using cutting-edge big data processing algorithms,machine learning models,and artificial intelligence analysis tools,in-depth mining and intelligent analysis of these multi-source heterogeneous data are conducted to generate high-value-added decision-making bases.This precisely empowers multiple fields,including agriculture,medical and health care,smart home,environmental science,and industrial manufacturing,driving intelligent transformation and catalyzing society to move towards a new stage of high-quality development.This paper comprehensively analyzes the technical cores of the IoT and WSNs,systematically sorts out the advanced key technologies of WSNs and the evolution of their strategic significance in the IoT system,deeply explores the innovative application scenarios and practical effects of the two in specific vertical fields,and looks forward to the technological evolution trends.It provides a detailed and highly practical guiding reference for researchers,technical engineers,and industrial decision-makers.展开更多
Due to advantages of high power-conversion efficiency(PCE), large power-to-weight ratio(PWR), low cost and solution processibility, flexible perovskite solar cells(f-PSCs) have attracted extensive attention in recent ...Due to advantages of high power-conversion efficiency(PCE), large power-to-weight ratio(PWR), low cost and solution processibility, flexible perovskite solar cells(f-PSCs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years. The PCE of f-PSCs has developed rapidly to over 25%, showing great application prospects in aerospace and wearable electronic devices. This review systematically sorts device structures and compositions of f-PSCs, summarizes various methods to improve its efficiency and stability recent years. In addition, the applications and potentials of f-PSCs in space vehicle and aircraft was discussed. At last, we prospect the key scientific and technological issues that need to be addressed for f-PSCs at current stage.展开更多
Rice seedling blight,caused by various fungi,including Fusarium oxysporum,poses a severe threat to rice production.As awareness grows regarding the environmental and safety hazards associated with the application of f...Rice seedling blight,caused by various fungi,including Fusarium oxysporum,poses a severe threat to rice production.As awareness grows regarding the environmental and safety hazards associated with the application of fungicides for managing rice seedling blight,there has been a shift in focus towards biological control agents.In this study,we isolated biocontrol bacteria from paddy fields that significantly inhibited the growth of F.oxysporum in vitro and identified the strains as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T40 and Bacillus pumilus T208.Additionally,our findings indicated that the combined application of these Bacillus strains in soil was more effective in reducing the incidence of rice seedling blight than their individual use.Analysis of 16S and internal transcribed spacer rRNA gene sequencing data revealed that the mixture of the T40 and T208 strains exhibited the lowest average clustering coefficients,which were negatively correlated with the biomass of F.oxysporum-inoculated rice seedlings.Furthermore,this mixture led to higher stochastic assembly(average|βNTI|<2)and reduced selection pressures on rice rhizosphere bacteria compared with individual strain applications.The mixture of the T40 and T208 strains also significantly increased the expression of defense-related genes.In conclusion,the mixture of the T40 and T208 strains effectively modulates microbial community structures,enhances microbial network stability,and boosts the resistance against rice seedling blight.Our study supports the development and utilization of biological resources for crop protection.展开更多
Lonicera japonica(honeysuckle)is a traditional Chinese medicinal food,in which the main active ingredients are phenolic acids,polysaccharides,flavonoids,and volatile oils.They have various biological activities,includ...Lonicera japonica(honeysuckle)is a traditional Chinese medicinal food,in which the main active ingredients are phenolic acids,polysaccharides,flavonoids,and volatile oils.They have various biological activities,including antiviral,antibacterial,antioxidant,hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering,and anti-inflammatory effects.This review summarizes the health effects and pharmacodynamic mechanisms of L.japonica extracts and the major active ingredients in these extracts,and the structures,metabolic process in vivo,and biotransformation processes of these compounds.In addition,the current status of the development of L.japonica-related functional foods is summarized.The aim is to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the further development and use of the active ingredients in L.japonica as functional foods for disease prevention and treatment.展开更多
文摘α-Trifluoromethyl ketones are a class of useful compounds with versatile applications.Their synthetic application via the transformation of the C—F bonds is of particular interest by allowing the synthesis of organic compounds with diverse structures.Herein,the advances in the research areas ofα-trifluoromethyl ketone synthesis and their defluorination reactions are reviewed.Discussion on the mechanisms of the typical reactions has also been provided,in hope of affording some guides to the chemistry ofα-trifluoromethyl ketones in the synthetic methods toward themselves and their derivatives.
文摘Electrospinning technology has emerged as a promising method for fabricating flexible lithium-ion batter-ies(FLIBs)due to its ability to create materials with desir-able properties for energy storage applications.FLIBs,which are foldable and have high energy densities,are be-coming increasingly important as power sources for wear-able devices,flexible electronics,and mobile energy applica-tions.Carbon materials,especially carbon nanofibers,are pivotal in improving the performance of FLIBs by increas-ing electrical conductivity,chemical stability,and surface area,as well as reducing costs.These materials also play a significant role in establishing conducting networks and im-proving structural integrity,which are essential for extend-ing the cycle life and enhancing the safety of the batteries.This review considers the role of electrospinning in the fabrication of critical FLIB components,with a particular emphasis on the integration of carbon materials.It explores strategies to optimize FLIB performance by fine-tuning the electrospinning para-meters,such as electric field strength,spinning rate,solution concentration,and carbonization process.Precise control over fiber properties is crucial for enhancing battery reliability and stability during folding and bending.It also highlights the latest research findings in carbon-based electrode materials,high-performance electrolytes,and separator structures,discussing the practical challenges and opportunities these materials present.It underscores the significant impact of carbon materials on the evolution of FLIBs and their potential to shape future energy storage technologies.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41962016)the Natural Science Foundation of NingXia(Nos.2023AAC02023,2023A1218,and 2021AAC02006).
文摘Soil improvement is one of the most important issues in geotechnical engineering practice.The wide application of traditional improvement techniques(cement/chemical materials)are limited due to damage ecological en-vironment and intensify carbon emissions.However,the use of microbially induced calcium carbonate pre-cipitation(MICP)to obtain bio-cement is a novel technique with the potential to induce soil stability,providing a low-carbon,environment-friendly,and sustainable integrated solution for some geotechnical engineering pro-blems in the environment.This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest progress in soil improvement based on the MICP strategy.It systematically summarizes and overviews the mineralization mechanism,influ-encing factors,improved methods,engineering characteristics,and current field application status of the MICP.Additionally,it also explores the limitations and correspondingly proposes prospective applications via the MICP approach for soil improvement.This review indicates that the utilization of different environmental calcium-based wastes in MICP and combination of materials and MICP are conducive to meeting engineering and market demand.Furthermore,we recommend and encourage global collaborative study and practice with a view to commercializing MICP technique in the future.The current review purports to provide insights for engineers and interdisciplinary researchers,and guidance for future engineering applications.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JJ31081,2024JJ5619)the Science Fund of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle(No 32215004).
文摘Biliary system,which is responsible for transporting bile from the liver into the intestine,is commonly damaged by inflammation or tumors eventually causing liver failure or death.The implantation of biliary stents can effectively alleviate both benign and malignant biliary strictures,but the plastic and metal stents that are currently used cannot degrade and nearly has no beneficial biological effects,therefore their long-term service can result into inflammation,the formation of sludges and re-obstruction of bile duct.In recent years,magnesium(Mg)metal has been received increasing attention in the field of biomedical application due to its excellent biocompatibility,adequate mechanical properties,biodegradability and other advantages,such as anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties.The research on biliary stents made of magnesium metals(BSMM)has also made significant progress and a series of experiments in vitro and vivo has proved their possibility.However,there are still some problems holding back BSMM’s clinical use,including rapid corrosion rate and potential harmful reaction.In this review,we would summarize the current research of BSMM,evaluate their clinical benefits,find the choke points,and discuss the solving method.
文摘Grape crops are a great source of income for farmers.The yield and quality of grapes can be improved by preventing and treating diseases.The farmer’s yield will be dramatically impacted if diseases are found on grape leaves.Automatic detection can reduce the chances of leaf diseases affecting other healthy plants.Several studies have been conducted to detect grape leaf diseases,but most fail to engage with end users and integrate the model with real-time mobile applications.This study developed a mobile-based grape leaf disease detection(GLDD)application to identify infected leaves,Grape Guard,based on a TensorFlow Lite(TFLite)model generated from the You Only Look Once(YOLO)v8 model.A public grape leaf disease dataset containing four classes was used to train the model.The results of this study were relied on the YOLO architecture,specifically YOLOv5 and YOLOv8.After extensive experiments with different image sizes,YOLOv8 performed better than YOLOv5.YOLOv8 achieved 99.9%precision,100%recall,99.5%mean average precision(mAP),and 88%mAP50-95 for all classes to detect grape leaf diseases.The Grape Guard android mobile application can accurately detect the grape leaf disease by capturing images from grape vines.
基金Supported by Shanghai 2020“Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan”Medical Innovation Research Special Program:20Y21902800Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Shanghai Three-Year Action Plan to Further Accelerate the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Innovation:ZY(2021-2023)−0302)+1 种基金Shanghai Key Specialty(Acupuncture)Construction Project:shslczdzk04701Shanghai 2024"Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan"star cultivation(Sail special):24YF2740600.
文摘Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)is a kind of physical therapy that use electric cur-rent through the electrodes placed on the surface of acupoints to produce clinical effects in the human body,which is characterized by less adverse reaction and convenient operation.It has been widely used in the treatment of various diseases.This review introduces six major clinical applications of TEAS,named analgesia,regulation of gastrointestinal function,improvement of reproductive function,enhancement of cognitive function,promotion of limb function recovery and relief of fatigue.Besides,TEAS has been ap-plied to the treatment of other chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes,achieving satisfactory clinical effects.However,two crucial challenges are encountered in the development of TEAS.One is the lack of standardization in the selection of parameters such as waveform,frequency,intensity and stimula-tion duration.The other is the limitation on the flexibility in the acupoint selection.This review analyzes key issues that need to be addressed in the current clinical application of TEAS,such as the selection of parameters and acupoints,and this review provides a certain reference value for optimizing regimens of TEAS and promoting its development and application.
基金supported by the Natural Science Fund of China(31771724)the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(2024NC-ZDCYL-01-10).
文摘The increase in soil temperature associated with climate change has introduced considerable challenges to crop production.Split nitrogen application(SN)represents a potential strategy for improving crop nitrogen use efficiency and enhancing crop stress resistance.Nevertheless,the precise interaction between soil warming(SW)and SN remains unclear.In order to ascertain the impact of SW on maize growth and whether SN can improve the tolerance of maize to SW,a two-year field experiment was conducted(2022-2023).The aim was to examine the influence of two SW ranges(MT,warming 1.40℃;HT,warming 2.75℃)and two nitrogen application methods(N1,one-time basal application of nitrogen fertilizer;N2,one third of base nitrogen fertilizer+two thirds of jointing stage supplemental nitrogen fertilizer)on maize root growth,photosynthetic characteristics,nitrogen use efficiency,and yield.The results demonstrated that SW impeded root growth and precipitated the premature aging of maize leaves following anthesis,particularly in the HT,which led to a notable reduction in maize yield.In comparison to N1,SN has been shown to increase root length density by 8.54%,root bleeding rate by 8.57%,and enhance root distribution ratio in the middle soil layers(20-60 cm).The interaction between SW and SN had a notable impact on maize growth and yield.The SN improved the absorption and utilization efficiency of nitrogen by promoting root development and downward canopy growth,thus improving the tolerance of maize to SW at the later stage of growth.In particular,the N2HT resulted in a 14.51%increase in the photosynthetic rate,a 18.58%increase in nitrogen absorption efficiency,and a 18.32%increase in maize yield compared with N1HT.It can be posited that the SN represents a viable nitrogen management measure with the potential to enhance maize tolerance to soil high-temperature stress.
基金Supported by Zhejiang Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2023ZL230。
文摘BACKGROUND Although gastroscopy is a commonly used diagnostic and therapeutic technique,postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction is prone to occur.Traditional Chinese medicine theory suggests that postoperative gastrointestinal disorders are related to spleen and stomach weakness.This study hypothesizes that the combination of acupoint application at the Ziwu Liuzhu acupoint and percutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation can promote postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery and alleviate stress reactions.AIM To investigate the effects of acupoint application of Ziwu Liuzhu combined with percutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation on postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery and stress response in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy surgery.METHODS A total of 120 patients who underwent gastroscopy surgery were selected and treated between October 2024 and January 2025.This study used a stratified block randomization method,and then allocated groups using computer-generated random number sequences(SAS 9.4 software).The groups were divided into two groups:A control group of 60 patients who received routine postoperative intervention measures,and an observation group of 60 patients who received acupuncture point application combined with transcutaneous acupoint electrical CONCLUSION The combination of percutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation in gastroscopy patients has been demonstrated to be both highly safe and effective.The benefits of this approach include the promotion of postoperative gastrointestinal function,the reduction of stress response,the attainment of optimal results,and the enhancement of patient satisfaction.
文摘Magnesium(Mg)-based bioresorbable stents represent a potentially groundbreaking advancement in cardiovascular therapy;offering tem-porary vessel support and complete biodegradability—addressing limitations of traditional stents like in-stent restenosis and long-term com-plications.However,challenges such as rapid corrosion and suboptimal endothelialisation have hindered their clinical adoption.This review highlights the latest breakthroughs in surface modification,alloying,and coating strategies to enhance the mechanical integrity,corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility of Mg-based stents.Key surface engineering techniques,including polymer and bioactive coatings,are ex-amined for their role in promoting endothelial healing and minimising inflammatory responses.Future directions are proposed,focusing on personalised stent designs to optimize efficacy and long-term outcomes,positioning Mg-based stents as a transformative solution in interventional cardiology.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi,China(2021NY-083)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871567)。
文摘The trade-off between yield and environmental effects caused by nitrogen fertilizer application is an important issue in wheat production.A reduction in fertile florets is one of the main reasons for the lower yields under low nitrogen application rates.Brassinosteroids(BRs)have been found to play a role in nitrogen-induced rice spikelet degeneration.However,whether BRs play a role in wheat floret development and the mechanisms involved are not clear.Therefore,a nitrogen gradient experiment and exogenous spraying experiment were conducted to investigate the role and mechanism of BRs in wheat floret development under low nitrogen stress.The results showed that as the nitrogen application decreased,the endogenous BRs content of the spikes decreased,photosynthesis weakened,and total carbon,soluble sugar and starch in the spikes decreased,leading to a reduction in the number of fertile florets.Under low nitrogen stress,exogenous spraying of 24-epibrassinolide promoted photosynthesis,and stimulated stem fructan hydrolysis and the utilization and storage of sucrose in spikes,which directed more carbohydrates to the spikes and increased the number of fertile florets.In conclusion,BRs mediate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer on wheat floret development,and under low nitrogen stress,foliar spraying of 24-epibrassinolide promotes the flow of carbohydrates from the stem to the spikes,alleviating wheat floret degeneration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71974162 and No.7231101009).
文摘Objectives This study aimed to develop and preliminarily assess the quality of a Mindfulness Breast Care(MBC)App to reduce body image distress and stigma among breast cancer survivors(BCSs).Methods The development process of the MBC App involved:1)establishing a research group;2)determining of the content of the MBC App based on Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy and 3)technical exploitation and maintenance.A mixed-methods study was conducted.We selected ten BCSs by a convenience sampling method.After using the APP for three months,five assessed the quality using the Mobile App Rating Scale:User Version(uMARS)and another five were interviewed for process evaluation.Results The MBC App was developed with three modules:1)Library to provide health education information on body image,stigma,mindfulness,recovery and etc;2)Mindfulness Yoga to offer 12 Hatha yoga videos for daily practice;and 3)Mindfulness Practices to have 12 sessions of mindfulness videoconferences.Based on the uMARS data,the MBC App received high ratings for functionality(4.10±0.34),aesthetics(3.93±0.55),information quality(4.10±0.72),and perceived impact(4.03±0.96),as well as moderate ratings for engagement(3.72±0.94)and subjective quality(3.87±0.77).Participants indicated that the MBC App provided reliable knowledge,information,and emotional support.Recommendations from participants included categorizing knowledge in the Library Module,recording videoconferences of mindfulness practice,and adding discussion sessions in the videoconference.Afterward,we optimized the MBC App to enhance the user experience accordingly.Conclusions The MBC App offers online mindfulness interventions specifically for BCSs in China.The preliminary quality assessment indicates that the MBC App may be a promising tool for delivering mindfulness interventions to BCSs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Found for Distinguished Young Scholars(52225101)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:104972024RSCbs0018 and 2023CDJYXTD-002)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0527)the Chongqing Academician Special Fund(2022YSZXJCX0014CSTB).
文摘As one of the lightest engineering materials,magnesium(Mg)alloy possesses excellent mechanical performance,meeting the needs of versatile engineering fields and holding the potential to address cutting-edge issues in aerospace,electronics,biomedicine.The design of superhydrophobic(SHB)surfaces with micro and nanostructures can endow Mg alloys with multiple functionalities,such as self-cleaning,self-healing,antibacterial,and corrosion resistance.Over the past decade,researchers have drawn inspiration from nature to implement biomimetic design principles,resulting in the rapid development of micro/nanostructured SHB surfaces on Mg alloys,which hold great promise for biomedical applications.This review comprehensively introduces the biomimetic design principles of micro/nanostructured SHB surfaces on Mg alloys,discusses the challenges along with advantages and disadvantages of current preparation methods,and explores the future perspectives for preparing these SHB surfaces,providing strategies to enhance their performance in biomedical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12475174 and U2267207)YueLuShan Center Industrial Innovation(No.2024YCII0108)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2022JJ40345)Science and Technology Innovation Project of Hengyang(No.202250045336)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection,Soochow University(No.GZK12023031)。
文摘The Monte Carlo(MC)method offers significant advantages in handling complex geometries and physical processes in particle transport problems and has become a widely used approach in reactor physics analysis,radiation shielding design,and medical physics.However,with the rapid advancement of new nuclear energy systems,the Monte Carlo method faces challenges in efficiency,accuracy,and adaptability,limiting its effectiveness in meeting modern design requirements.Overcoming technical obstacles related to high-fidelity coupling,high-resolution computation,and intelligent design is essential for using the Monte Carlo method as a reliable tool in numerical analysis for these new nuclear energy systems.To address these challenges,the Nuclear Energy and Application Laboratory(NEAL)team at the University of South China developed a multifunctional and generalized intelligent code platform called MagicMC,based on the Monte Carlo particle transport method.MagicMC is a developing tool dedicated to nuclear applications,incorporating intelligent methodologies.It consists of two primary components:a basic unit and a functional unit.The basic unit,which functions similarly to a standard Monte Carlo particle transport code,includes seven modules:geometry,source,transport,database,tally,output,and auxiliary.The functional unit builds on the basic unit by adding functional modules to address complex and diverse applications in nuclear analysis.MagicMC introduces a dynamic Monte Carlo particle transport algorithm to address time-space particle transport problems within emerging nuclear energy systems and incorporates a CPU-GPU heterogeneous parallel framework to enable high-efficiency,high-resolution simulations for large-scale computational problems.Anticipating future trends in intelligent design,MagicMC integrates several advanced features,including CAD-based geometry modeling,global variance reduction methods,multi-objective shielding optimization,high-resolution activation analysis,multi-physics coupling,and radiation therapy.In this paper,various numerical benchmarks-spanning reactor transient simulations,material activation analysis,radiation shielding optimization,and medical dosimetry analysis-are presented to validate MagicMC.The numerical results demonstrate MagicMC's efficiency,accuracy,and reliability in these preliminary applications,underscoring its potential to support technological advancements in developing high-fidelity,high-resolution,and high-intelligence MC-based tools for advanced nuclear applications.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82072537the General Project of Hunan Natural Science Foundation,No.2022JJ30412 and No.2021JJ30464.
文摘Exosomes(Exos)are extracellular vesicles secreted by cells and serve as crucial mediators of intercellular communication.They play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases and offer promising avenues for therapeutic interventions.Exos derived from mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have significant immunomodulatory properties.They effectively regulate immune responses by modulating both innate and adaptive immunity.These Exos can inhibit excessive inflammatory responses and promote tissue repair.Moreover,they participate in antigen presentation,which is essential for activating immune responses.The cargo of these Exos,including ligands,proteins,and microRNAs,can suppress T cell activity or enhance the population of immunosuppressive cells to dampen the immune response.By inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation,acting on macrophages,and increasing the population of regulatory T cells,these Exos contribute to maintaining immune and metabolic homeostasis.Furthermore,they can activate immune-related signaling pathways or serve as vehicles to deliver microRNAs and other bioactive substances to target tumor cells,which holds potential for immunotherapy applications.Given the immense therapeutic potential of MSC-derived Exos,this review comprehensively explores their mechanisms of immune regulation and therapeutic applications in areas such as infection control,tumor suppression,and autoimmune disease management.This article aims to provide valuable insights into the mechanisms behind the actions of MSC-derived Exos,offering theoretical references for their future clinical utilization as cell-free drug preparations.
基金sponsored by the Science and Technology Program of Hubei Province,China(2022EHB020,2023BBB096)support provided by Centre of the Excellence in Production Research(XPRES)at KTH。
文摘In this review,we propose a comprehensive overview of additive manufacturing(AM)technologies and design possibilities in manufacturing metamaterials for various applications in the biomedical field,of which many are inspired by nature itself.It describes how new AM technologies(e.g.continuous liquid interface production and multiphoton polymerization,etc)and recent developments in more mature AM technologies(e.g.powder bed fusion,stereolithography,and extrusion-based bioprinting(EBB),etc)lead to more precise,efficient,and personalized biomedical components.EBB is a revolutionary topic creating intricate models with remarkable mechanical compatibility of metamaterials,for instance,stress elimination for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,negative or zero Poisson’s ratio.By exploiting the designs of porous structures(e.g.truss,triply periodic minimal surface,plant/animal-inspired,and functionally graded lattices,etc),AM-made bioactive bone implants,artificial tissues,and organs are made for tissue replacement.The material palette of the AM metamaterials has high diversity nowadays,ranging from alloys and metals(e.g.cobalt-chromium alloys and titanium,etc)to polymers(e.g.biodegradable polycaprolactone and polymethyl methacrylate,etc),which could be even integrated within bioactive ceramics.These advancements are driving the progress of the biomedical field,improving human health and quality of life.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2230081973)Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research(22TQ1400100-4).
文摘Membrane technology holds significant potential for augmenting or partially substituting conventional separation techniques,such as heatdriven distillation,thereby reducing energy consumption.Organic solvent nanofiltration represents an advanced membrane separation technology capable of discerning molecules within a molecular weight range of approximately 100-1000 Da in organic solvents,offering low energy requirements and minimal carbon footprints.Molecular separation in non-polar solvent system,such as toluene,n-hexane,and n-heptane,has gained paramount importance due to their extensive use in the pharmaceutical,biochemical,and petrochemical industries.In this review,we presented recent advancements in membrane materials,membrane fabrication techniques and their promising applications for separation in nonpolar solvent system,encompassing hydrocarbon separation,bioactive molecule purification and organic solvent recovery.Furthermore,this review highlighted the challenges and opportunities associated with membrane scale-up strategies and the direct translation of this promising technology into industrial applications.
文摘In the context of the rapid iteration of information technology,the Internet of Things(IoT)has established itself as a pivotal hub connecting the digital world and the physical world.Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),deeply embedded in the perception layer architecture of the IoT,play a crucial role as“tactile nerve endings.”A vast number of micro sensor nodes are widely distributed in monitoring areas according to preset deployment strategies,continuously and accurately perceiving and collecting real-time data on environmental parameters such as temperature,humidity,light intensity,air pressure,and pollutant concentration.These data are transmitted to the IoT cloud platform through stable and reliable communication links,forming a massive and detailed basic data resource pool.By using cutting-edge big data processing algorithms,machine learning models,and artificial intelligence analysis tools,in-depth mining and intelligent analysis of these multi-source heterogeneous data are conducted to generate high-value-added decision-making bases.This precisely empowers multiple fields,including agriculture,medical and health care,smart home,environmental science,and industrial manufacturing,driving intelligent transformation and catalyzing society to move towards a new stage of high-quality development.This paper comprehensively analyzes the technical cores of the IoT and WSNs,systematically sorts out the advanced key technologies of WSNs and the evolution of their strategic significance in the IoT system,deeply explores the innovative application scenarios and practical effects of the two in specific vertical fields,and looks forward to the technological evolution trends.It provides a detailed and highly practical guiding reference for researchers,technical engineers,and industrial decision-makers.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62204104, 42005138, 12274190, 12274189, 62275115)Shandong Province High Education Youth Innovation Team Program (Grant No. 2023KJ210)Science and Technology Program of Yantai (Grant No. 2023JCYJ047)。
文摘Due to advantages of high power-conversion efficiency(PCE), large power-to-weight ratio(PWR), low cost and solution processibility, flexible perovskite solar cells(f-PSCs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years. The PCE of f-PSCs has developed rapidly to over 25%, showing great application prospects in aerospace and wearable electronic devices. This review systematically sorts device structures and compositions of f-PSCs, summarizes various methods to improve its efficiency and stability recent years. In addition, the applications and potentials of f-PSCs in space vehicle and aircraft was discussed. At last, we prospect the key scientific and technological issues that need to be addressed for f-PSCs at current stage.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.LQ24C010007)Zhejiang Science and Technology Major Program on Rice New Variety Breeding,China(Grant No.2021C02063)+4 种基金the Agricultural Sciences and Technologies Innovation Program,China(Grant No.CAAS-CSCB-202301)the Key Projects of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.LZ23C130002)the Youth Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant No.Y2023QC22)the Joint Open Competitive Project of the Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory and China National Seed Company Limited(Grant Nos.B23YQ1514 and B23CQ15EP)the External Cooperation Projects of Biotechnology Research Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(Grant No.DWHZ2024-07).
文摘Rice seedling blight,caused by various fungi,including Fusarium oxysporum,poses a severe threat to rice production.As awareness grows regarding the environmental and safety hazards associated with the application of fungicides for managing rice seedling blight,there has been a shift in focus towards biological control agents.In this study,we isolated biocontrol bacteria from paddy fields that significantly inhibited the growth of F.oxysporum in vitro and identified the strains as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T40 and Bacillus pumilus T208.Additionally,our findings indicated that the combined application of these Bacillus strains in soil was more effective in reducing the incidence of rice seedling blight than their individual use.Analysis of 16S and internal transcribed spacer rRNA gene sequencing data revealed that the mixture of the T40 and T208 strains exhibited the lowest average clustering coefficients,which were negatively correlated with the biomass of F.oxysporum-inoculated rice seedlings.Furthermore,this mixture led to higher stochastic assembly(average|βNTI|<2)and reduced selection pressures on rice rhizosphere bacteria compared with individual strain applications.The mixture of the T40 and T208 strains also significantly increased the expression of defense-related genes.In conclusion,the mixture of the T40 and T208 strains effectively modulates microbial community structures,enhances microbial network stability,and boosts the resistance against rice seedling blight.Our study supports the development and utilization of biological resources for crop protection.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82130112,U24A20789)Beijing Hospitals Authority Ascent Plan(DFL20190702)Youth Beijing Scholar(2022-051)。
文摘Lonicera japonica(honeysuckle)is a traditional Chinese medicinal food,in which the main active ingredients are phenolic acids,polysaccharides,flavonoids,and volatile oils.They have various biological activities,including antiviral,antibacterial,antioxidant,hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering,and anti-inflammatory effects.This review summarizes the health effects and pharmacodynamic mechanisms of L.japonica extracts and the major active ingredients in these extracts,and the structures,metabolic process in vivo,and biotransformation processes of these compounds.In addition,the current status of the development of L.japonica-related functional foods is summarized.The aim is to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the further development and use of the active ingredients in L.japonica as functional foods for disease prevention and treatment.
