As one of the important types of unconventional gas,tight gas is widely distributed in various major petroliferous basins in the world.The breakthrough of reservoir reconstruction technology and the reduction of devel...As one of the important types of unconventional gas,tight gas is widely distributed in various major petroliferous basins in the world.The breakthrough of reservoir reconstruction technology and the reduction of development cost promote the scale and industrial development of tight gas.China is the third largest tight gas producer in the world and its yearly tight gas production is up to 470×10^(8) m^(3) in 2020.In order to evaluate the development prospect of tight gas in China,this paper systematically summarizes domestic key technical series developed in the last 20 years'tight gas practice,after briefly analyzing the distribution and development history of tight gas resources all over the world.Then,the prospect of tight gas development in China is based on CNPC's fourth resource evaluation results.And the following research results are ob tained.First,tight gas resource in China is abundant,accounting for about 10% of global resources,and its development is divided into two stages,i.e.the development evaluation stage and the development adjustment stage.Second,key technologies in the development evaluation stage include the establishment of genesis unit of effective reservoir,enrichment area selection,development index evaluation,well pattern and type optimization,reservoir reconstruction,and development scheme optimization.Third,the core in the development adjustment stage is enhanced gas recovery(EGR).The main technical means are well pattern optimization and infilling.Which can increase the recovery factor by 10%-20%.In addition,layer reviewing and reperforating,old well sidetracking,secondary fracturing,drainage and gas recovery,and pres surized production are also effective technologies.In conclusion,tight gas still has greater production potentials and development prospects in China.The potential tapping of produced proved reserves,the development of unproduced proved reserves and the effective development of new proved reserves are three important aspects to ensure the mid-and long-term development of tight gas.The first two aspects can support the yearly tight gas production to reach the peak of(700-800)108 m^(3) in 2030-2035 and keep stable production for more than 10 years.Moreover,the continuous development of new proved reserves will further support the stable production of tight gas until 2050-2060.展开更多
In recent years,the growth rate of coalbed methane(CBM)industry in China has slowed down.In order to promote its development,it is in urgent need to do the researches focusing on enhancing domestic CBM industry.In thi...In recent years,the growth rate of coalbed methane(CBM)industry in China has slowed down.In order to promote its development,it is in urgent need to do the researches focusing on enhancing domestic CBM industry.In this paper,PetroChina Coalbed Methane Co.Ltd.was taken as an example.Its technical progress and achievements in the construction of CBM industrial base at the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin and the CBM exploration and development in Xinjiang since it was founded in 2008 were systematically studied and summarized.Then,the opportunities and challenges of domestic CBM industry in the process of its development were analyzed.Finally,five main study directions for accelerating the development of CBM industry were put forward.First,speed up the scale breakthrough of the strategic replacement of mediumand low-rank CBM resources in Xinjiang.Second,continuously research the technologies for increasing production and recovery factor of developed areas,so as to enhance the development benefits greatly.Third,strengthen the comprehensive development of deep CBM and coal measure gas,so as to improve the comprehensive utilization ratio of resources.Fourth,develop the intelligent information technology based on artificial intelligence and big data suitable for CBM fields,to improve the development level of CBM fields.Fifth,study the innovative management system of CBM benefit development,to provide a scientific institutional guarantee for the benefit development of CBM.It is concluded that the scale CBM development at the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin supplies the nation with precious clean energy and provides new ways and contributions for the safe production and energy saving&emission reduction of coal mines.In addition,it is recommended to continuously promote management innovation and technological innovation and speed up the construction of the third CBM industrial base in Xinjiang so as to accelerate the development of CBM industry in China.展开更多
Global warming is recently an urgent issue worldwide. The increase of carbon emissions induced by human economic activi- ties has become a major driving force behind global climate change. Thus, as a matter of social ...Global warming is recently an urgent issue worldwide. The increase of carbon emissions induced by human economic activi- ties has become a major driving force behind global climate change. Thus, as a matter of social responsibility, reasonable carbon con- straints should be implemented to ensure environmental security and sustainable development for every country. Based on a summary of studies that examined the relationship between carbon emissions and regional development, this paper shows that human activity-led carbon emission is caused by the combination of several influencing factors, including population size, income level, and technical pro- gress. Thus, a quantitative model derived from IPAT-ImPACT-Kaya series and STIRPAT models was established. Empirical analysis using multivariate nonlinear regression demonstrated that the origins of growing global carbon emission included the increasing influ- encing elasticity of the population size and the declining negative effect of technical progress. Meanwhile, in context of classification of country groups at different income levels, according to the comparison of fluctuating patterns of the influencing elasticity, technical progress was found as the main factor influencing carbon emission levels in high-income countries, and population size might he the controlling factor in middle-income countries. However, for low-income countries, the nonlinear relationship between carbon emission and its influencing factors was not significant, whereas population growth was identified as an important potential driving force in future carbon emissions. This study can therefore provide a reference for the formulation of policies on carbon constraints, especially to de- velop more efficient carbon mitigating policies for countries at different income levels.展开更多
基金Key Technology Research on Complex Natural Gas Field Development(No.2021DJ17)“Tight Gas Exploration and Development Technology Research”(No.2021DJ21)of the“14th Five-Year Plan”of China National Petroleum Corporation.
文摘As one of the important types of unconventional gas,tight gas is widely distributed in various major petroliferous basins in the world.The breakthrough of reservoir reconstruction technology and the reduction of development cost promote the scale and industrial development of tight gas.China is the third largest tight gas producer in the world and its yearly tight gas production is up to 470×10^(8) m^(3) in 2020.In order to evaluate the development prospect of tight gas in China,this paper systematically summarizes domestic key technical series developed in the last 20 years'tight gas practice,after briefly analyzing the distribution and development history of tight gas resources all over the world.Then,the prospect of tight gas development in China is based on CNPC's fourth resource evaluation results.And the following research results are ob tained.First,tight gas resource in China is abundant,accounting for about 10% of global resources,and its development is divided into two stages,i.e.the development evaluation stage and the development adjustment stage.Second,key technologies in the development evaluation stage include the establishment of genesis unit of effective reservoir,enrichment area selection,development index evaluation,well pattern and type optimization,reservoir reconstruction,and development scheme optimization.Third,the core in the development adjustment stage is enhanced gas recovery(EGR).The main technical means are well pattern optimization and infilling.Which can increase the recovery factor by 10%-20%.In addition,layer reviewing and reperforating,old well sidetracking,secondary fracturing,drainage and gas recovery,and pres surized production are also effective technologies.In conclusion,tight gas still has greater production potentials and development prospects in China.The potential tapping of produced proved reserves,the development of unproduced proved reserves and the effective development of new proved reserves are three important aspects to ensure the mid-and long-term development of tight gas.The first two aspects can support the yearly tight gas production to reach the peak of(700-800)108 m^(3) in 2030-2035 and keep stable production for more than 10 years.Moreover,the continuous development of new proved reserves will further support the stable production of tight gas until 2050-2060.
基金supported by the National Major Science and Technology Project“Demonstration Project for Integrated Development of Deep Coalbed Methane and Coal-measure Strata Natural Gas in Eastern Margin of the Ordos Basin”(No.2016ZX05065).
文摘In recent years,the growth rate of coalbed methane(CBM)industry in China has slowed down.In order to promote its development,it is in urgent need to do the researches focusing on enhancing domestic CBM industry.In this paper,PetroChina Coalbed Methane Co.Ltd.was taken as an example.Its technical progress and achievements in the construction of CBM industrial base at the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin and the CBM exploration and development in Xinjiang since it was founded in 2008 were systematically studied and summarized.Then,the opportunities and challenges of domestic CBM industry in the process of its development were analyzed.Finally,five main study directions for accelerating the development of CBM industry were put forward.First,speed up the scale breakthrough of the strategic replacement of mediumand low-rank CBM resources in Xinjiang.Second,continuously research the technologies for increasing production and recovery factor of developed areas,so as to enhance the development benefits greatly.Third,strengthen the comprehensive development of deep CBM and coal measure gas,so as to improve the comprehensive utilization ratio of resources.Fourth,develop the intelligent information technology based on artificial intelligence and big data suitable for CBM fields,to improve the development level of CBM fields.Fifth,study the innovative management system of CBM benefit development,to provide a scientific institutional guarantee for the benefit development of CBM.It is concluded that the scale CBM development at the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin supplies the nation with precious clean energy and provides new ways and contributions for the safe production and energy saving&emission reduction of coal mines.In addition,it is recommended to continuously promote management innovation and technological innovation and speed up the construction of the third CBM industrial base in Xinjiang so as to accelerate the development of CBM industry in China.
基金Under the auspices of Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2012CB955802)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41171099)Strategy of Public Participation of Low Carbon Development in China(No.201315)
文摘Global warming is recently an urgent issue worldwide. The increase of carbon emissions induced by human economic activi- ties has become a major driving force behind global climate change. Thus, as a matter of social responsibility, reasonable carbon con- straints should be implemented to ensure environmental security and sustainable development for every country. Based on a summary of studies that examined the relationship between carbon emissions and regional development, this paper shows that human activity-led carbon emission is caused by the combination of several influencing factors, including population size, income level, and technical pro- gress. Thus, a quantitative model derived from IPAT-ImPACT-Kaya series and STIRPAT models was established. Empirical analysis using multivariate nonlinear regression demonstrated that the origins of growing global carbon emission included the increasing influ- encing elasticity of the population size and the declining negative effect of technical progress. Meanwhile, in context of classification of country groups at different income levels, according to the comparison of fluctuating patterns of the influencing elasticity, technical progress was found as the main factor influencing carbon emission levels in high-income countries, and population size might he the controlling factor in middle-income countries. However, for low-income countries, the nonlinear relationship between carbon emission and its influencing factors was not significant, whereas population growth was identified as an important potential driving force in future carbon emissions. This study can therefore provide a reference for the formulation of policies on carbon constraints, especially to de- velop more efficient carbon mitigating policies for countries at different income levels.
