In 2025,I had the honor of delivering keynote speeches at the conferences of the International Society for Diet and Activity Methods in Toronto,Canada,and the International Society of Behavioural Nutrition and Physica...In 2025,I had the honor of delivering keynote speeches at the conferences of the International Society for Diet and Activity Methods in Toronto,Canada,and the International Society of Behavioural Nutrition and Physical Activity in Auckland,Aotearoa,New Zealand.These opportunities prompted deep reflection on scientific research in general,and on physical activity and health research specifically.展开更多
Members of the British Textile Machinery Association(BTMA)can look back on 2025 as a year marked by notable technological advances and continued progress in global trade,despite an uncertain and volatile market.“Our ...Members of the British Textile Machinery Association(BTMA)can look back on 2025 as a year marked by notable technological advances and continued progress in global trade,despite an uncertain and volatile market.“Our members have been very active over the past 12 months and this has resulted in new technologies for the production of technical fibres and fabrics,the introduction of AI and machine learning into process control systems and significant advances in materials testing,”says BTMA CEO Jason Kent.“There’s real excitement about what can be achieved in 2026 as we look ahead to upcoming exhibitions such as JEC Composites in Paris in March and Techtextil in Frankfurt in April.”展开更多
This paper reports the preparation of three di‑iron complexes containing a thiazole moiety.Esterification of complex[Fe_(2)(CO)_(6)(μ‑SCH_(2)CH(CH_(2)OH)S)](1)with 4‑methylthiazole‑5‑carboxylic acid gave the correspo...This paper reports the preparation of three di‑iron complexes containing a thiazole moiety.Esterification of complex[Fe_(2)(CO)_(6)(μ‑SCH_(2)CH(CH_(2)OH)S)](1)with 4‑methylthiazole‑5‑carboxylic acid gave the corresponding ester[Fe_(2)(CO)_(6)(μ‑tedt)](2),where tedt=SCH_(2)CH(CH_(2)OOC(5‑C_(3)HNSCH_(3)))S.Further reactions of complex 2 with tri(ptolyl)phosphine(tp)or tris(4‑fluorophenyl)phosphine(fp)gave the phosphine‑substituted derivatives[Fe_(2)(CO)_(5)(tp)(μ‑tedt)](3)and[Fe_(2)(CO)_(5)(fp)(μ‑tedt)](4).The structures of the newly prepared complexes were elucidated by elemental analysis,NMR,IR,and X‑ray photoelectron spectroscopy.Moreover,single‑crystal X‑ray diffraction analysis confirmed their molecular structures,showing that they contain a di‑iron core ligated by a bridged dithiolate bearing a thiazole moiety and terminal carbonyls.The electrochemical and electrocatalytic proton reduction were probed by cyclic voltammetry,revealing that three complexes can catalyze the reduction of protons to H_(2) under the electrochemical conditions.For comparison,complex 4 possessed the best efficiency with a turnover frequency of 23.5 s^(-1)at 10 mmol·L^(-1)HOAc concentration.In addition,the fungicidal activity of these complexes was also investigated in this study.CCDC:2477511,2;2477512,3;2477513,4.展开更多
Chitosan(CTS)was grafted onto the surface of amino‑functionalized silver chloride silicon dioxide(AgCl@SiO_(2)‑NH_(2))cores to obtain AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS hybrid nanoparticles.The as‑obtained AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS nanoparticle...Chitosan(CTS)was grafted onto the surface of amino‑functionalized silver chloride silicon dioxide(AgCl@SiO_(2)‑NH_(2))cores to obtain AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS hybrid nanoparticles.The as‑obtained AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS nanoparticles were chlorinated by NaClO solution to get AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑based chloramine nano‑hybrid materials,denoted as AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl.A transmission electron microscope was used to observe the morphology of the as‑prepared samples AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS and AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl.At the same time,an X‑ray diffractometer and an infrared spectroscope were utilized to characterize their crystal and chemical structures.Besides,ζpotentials were measured to elucidate the surface modification of AgCl nanoparticles by—NH_(2),the antibacterial mechanism of AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl was investigated by scanning electron microscopy,and Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)were used as the to‑be‑tested strains to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of samples AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS and AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl.Findings demonstrate that sample AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS exhibits a chain‑like structure ascribed to the interaction between—NH_(2),and each AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS hybrid nanoparticle contains several AgCl cores.In the meantime,sample AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl exhibits excellent antibacterial activity against E.coli and S.aureus,which is attributed to the synergistic antibacterial effect of Ag^(+)and Cl^(-).Sample AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl with a dosage of 640.00μg·mL^(-1) could completely kill the two kinds of tested bacteria in 12 h of incubation;it retains a high antibacterial efficiency even after 10 cycles of antibacterial tests.展开更多
Recently,the Standardization Administration of China issued Announcement No.1 of 2026,officially approving the establishment of the Subcommittee 1 on Nonwoven Material of National Technical Committee 606 on Technical ...Recently,the Standardization Administration of China issued Announcement No.1 of 2026,officially approving the establishment of the Subcommittee 1 on Nonwoven Material of National Technical Committee 606 on Technical Textiles of Standardization Administration of China(SAC/TC606/SC1)and the Subcommittee 2 on Filtration and Separation Textiles of National Technical Committee 606 on Technical Textiles of Standardization Administration of China(SAC/TC606/SC2).The formation of these two subcommittees marks a crucial step in the standardization development of China's industrial textiles sector in specialized fields.展开更多
Against the backdrop of integrated development between technical education and higher vocational education,the teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses faces new opportunities and challenges.This pap...Against the backdrop of integrated development between technical education and higher vocational education,the teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses faces new opportunities and challenges.This paper analyzes the existing problems in the current teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses,discusses the necessity of reforming the teaching model under the context of integration,and proposes the construction of a"Dual-Capability Progression,Six-Dimensional Empowerment"teaching model.The aim is to enhance the teaching quality of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses and cultivate high-quality skilled talents in Chinese medicine processing who can meet industry demands.展开更多
BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium(POD)is a common and serious complication in surgical patients,particularly older adults.Alterations in cholinergic function have been implicated in its pathophysiology.AIM To evaluate...BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium(POD)is a common and serious complication in surgical patients,particularly older adults.Alterations in cholinergic function have been implicated in its pathophysiology.AIM To evaluate the association between preoperative serum cholinesterase(ChE)activity—specifically butyrylcholinesterase(BuChE)and acetylcholinesterase(AChE)—and the risk of POD in adult surgical patients in a meta-analysis.METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed,EMBASE,and Web of Science up to March 28,2025 for studies reporting preoperative serum BuChE or AChE activity in relation to subsequent POD incidence.Standardized mean differences(SMDs)and odds ratios(ORs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were pooled using random-effects models.Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed based on follow-up duration and analytic models.RESULTS Thirteen studies(n=2730 patients)were included.Patients who developed POD had significantly lower preoperative BuChE activity than those who did not(SMD=-0.28;95%CI:-0.39 to-0.16;I^(2)=18%).Higher BuChE activity was associated with a reduced risk of POD(OR per 100 unit increment=0.97;95%CI:0.95-0.99;I2=0%).In contrast,pooled AChE activity did not differ significantly between POD and non-POD groups(SMD=-0.25;95%CI:-0.53 to 0.03;P=0.08;I^(2)=80%),and the ORs per 1 unit increment in AChE activity were not statistically significant(OR=0.98;95%CI:0.95-1.01).CONCLUSION Lower preoperative serum BuChE activity is associated with an increased risk of POD in adults undergoing surgery.BuChE activity may serve as a potential preoperative biomarker for POD risk stratification.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the extraction process,content determination,and antioxidant properties of flavonoids from Hylocereus undatus(Haw.)Britton&Rose.[Methods]Using H.undatus as the r...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the extraction process,content determination,and antioxidant properties of flavonoids from Hylocereus undatus(Haw.)Britton&Rose.[Methods]Using H.undatus as the raw material,the effects of ethanol concentration,ultrasonic temperature,time,and solid-to-liquid ratio on the total flavonoid yield were investigated through single-factor and orthogonal experiments.[Results]All factors had a significant effect on the yield.The optimized conditions were determined as follows:ethanol concentration 75%,ultrasonic temperature 60℃,ultrasonic time 30 min,and solid-to-liquid ratio 1:50(g/ml).Under these conditions,the total flavonoid yield reached 3.08%.Evaluation of antioxidant activity revealed that the extract exhibited superior scavenging rates against both DPPH and hydroxyl radicals compared with the standard reference compound BHT.[Conclusions]This study holds significant importance for elucidating the pharmacological mechanisms of flavonoids in H.undatus and for expanding their application in medicine and health products.展开更多
Background:Although light-intensity physical activity(LPA)has been suggested to be associated with a lower risk of mortality,the minimal and optimal volumes of LPA remain unclear.We aimed to examine the minimal and op...Background:Although light-intensity physical activity(LPA)has been suggested to be associated with a lower risk of mortality,the minimal and optimal volumes of LPA remain unclear.We aimed to examine the minimal and optimal volumes of LPA associated with the risks of mortality and disease incidence(i.e.,cardiovascular diseases and cancer).Methods:Data were derived from the population-based UK Biobank cohort study,including 69,492 adults aged 43-78 years.Accelerometermeasured LPA was defined using a validated,published machine learning-based Random Forest activity method,which was categorized into 4 quartile groups.All-cause and cause-specific mortality(cardiovascular disease-and cancer-specific)were determined according to the International Classification of Diseases,10th version codes.Disease incidence was defined based on primary care,hospitalization,or death records.Results:During a median follow-up period of 8.04 years,2024 adults died from all causes,539 from cardiovascular disease,and 1175 from cancer.For all-cause mortality,compared with participants in the lowest quartile of LPA(<3.9 h/day),the hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)were 0.82(95%CI:0.73-0.93)for those with 3.9 to<5.0 h/day,0.75(95%CI:0.66-0.85)for those with 5.0 to<6.1 h/day,and 0.77(95%CI:0.68-0.88)for those with≥6.1 h/day,respectively.There was an inverse non-linear dose-response association between LPA and all-cause mortality,with an optimal dose of 5.72 h/day(95%CI:5.45-6.41;HR=0.63,95%CI:0.56-0.71)and a minimal dose of 3.59 h/day(95%CI:3.53-8.56;HR=0.81,95%CI:0.78-0.86),with the 5th percentile as the reference.Similar patterns were observed for cause-specific mortality and disease incidence(cardiovascular disease and cancer).Conclusion:Engaging in LPA for~3.5 h/day was conservatively associated with lower risk of mortality and disease incidence,with further risk reductions observed up to an optimal dose of~6.0 h/day.These findings suggest that sufficient LPA offers important health benefits,which can inform the development of future PA guidelines.展开更多
Overweight and obesity are significant public health concerns worldwide due to their association with many chronic health conditions.This has resulted in the development of various interventions focused on weight loss...Overweight and obesity are significant public health concerns worldwide due to their association with many chronic health conditions.This has resulted in the development of various interventions focused on weight loss to reduce the associated health burden.Physical activity is an important lifestyle behavior associated with enhanced health.Evidence supports that many of the benefits of physical activity are realized independent of initial weight status or whether weight loss is achieved,with some benefits additive to what is achieved with weight loss alone.These benefits include enhanced cardiometabolic,brain,cognitive and psychological health,and others.Moreover,in adults with overweight or obesity,physical activity has independent effects on cardiorespiratory fitness,muscular strength,physical function,and mobility.There are also benefits to body composition,with physical activity improving the quality of key tissues,such as skeletal muscle,which may not occur with diet-induced weight loss.Therefore,physical activity is an important public health target for adults with overweight or obesity to provide a wide range of health benefits that extend beyond those of weight loss alone.However,physical activity recommendations and programming efforts should consider the unique characteristics of adults with overweight or obesity to be most effective,and should support a focus on mobility,physical function,and other health outcomes.展开更多
Conventional ultrasound(US)evaluation of enthesitis in psoriatic arthritis(PsA)is limited by its inability to quantify metabolic alterations such as hypoxia,a key driver of disease activity.We introduce an oxygenation...Conventional ultrasound(US)evaluation of enthesitis in psoriatic arthritis(PsA)is limited by its inability to quantify metabolic alterations such as hypoxia,a key driver of disease activity.We introduce an oxygenation-integrated multimodal photoacoustic/ultrasound(PA/US)imaging framework designed to quantify entheseal oxygen saturation(SO_(2))for assessing entheseal disease activity in PsA.In this cross-sectional study,25 PsA patients underwent bilateral PA/US imaging of 12 entheses,where ultrasound lesions were scored using the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology scoring system,and PA-derived SO_(2) levels,quantified via dual-wavelength PA imaging,were classified into hyperoxia or hypoxia groups using k-means clustering.This approach provides metabolic insights complementary to conventional ultrasonic assessment.A composite score integrating hypoxia with US parameters was validated against clinical disease activity indices(Disease Activity Score 28-C-reactive protein,DAS28-CRP;Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis,DAPSA).Among 300 entheses,103(34.3%)exhibited PA positivity,with 40(38.8%)classified as hypoxia.Hypoxia scores independently predicted DAS28-CRP(β=0.618,p=0.001)and DAPSA(β=0.612,p<0:001).The hypoxia-optimized PAUS score demonstrated superior correlation with disease activity indices compared to conventional US(DAS28-CRP:r=0.615,p=0.001 versus r=0.474,p=0.017;DAPSA:r=0.743,p<0:001 versus r=0.567,p=0.003),alongside superior diagnostic accuracy for minimal disease activity(area under the curve,AUC 0.776 versus 0.614,p=0.008)and low disease activity(AUC 0.853 versus 0.772,p=0.009).This multimodal scoring system enhances the stratification of PsA disease activity by providing unique metabolic insights,offering a potential tool for therapeutic monitoring and guiding treat-to-target strategies.展开更多
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder(MDD)and obesity(OB)are bidirectionally comorbid conditions with common neurobiological underpinnings.However,the neurocognitive mechanisms of their comorbidity remain poorly unders...BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder(MDD)and obesity(OB)are bidirectionally comorbid conditions with common neurobiological underpinnings.However,the neurocognitive mechanisms of their comorbidity remain poorly understood.AIM To examine regional abnormalities in spontaneous brain activity among patients with MDD-OB comorbidity.METHODS This study adopted a regional homogeneity(ReHo)analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.The study included 149 hospital patients divided into four groups:Patients experiencing their first episode of drug-naive MDD with OB,patients with MDD without OB,and age-and sex-matched healthy individuals with and without OB.Whole-brain ReHo analysis was conducted using SPM12 software and RESTplus toolkits,with group comparisons via ANOVA and post-hoc tests.Correlations between ReHo values and behavioral measures were examined.RESULTS ANOVA revealed significant whole-brain ReHo differences among the four groups in four key regions:The left middle temporal gyrus(MTG.L),right cuneus,left precuneus,and left thalamus.Post-hoc analyses confirmed pairwise differences between all groups across these regions(P<0.05).OB was associated with ReHo alterations in the MTG.L,right cuneus,and left thalamus,whereas abnormalities in the precuneus suggested synergistic pathological mechanisms between MDD and OB.Statistically significant correlations were found between the drive and fun-seeking dimensions of the behavioral activation system,as well as behavioral inhibition and the corresponding ReHo values.CONCLUSION Our findings provide novel evidence for the neuroadaptive mechanisms underlying the MDD-OB comorbidity.Further validation could lead to personalized interventions targeting MTG.L hyperactivity and targeting healthy food cues.展开更多
The photothermal effect enhances the antibacterial activity by generating localized heat that disrupts microbial cells,leading to increased bacterial inactivation.The objective of this study was to develop and evaluat...The photothermal effect enhances the antibacterial activity by generating localized heat that disrupts microbial cells,leading to increased bacterial inactivation.The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the antibacterial and photothermal applications of polydopamine-berberine nanoparticles(PDA-BBR-NPs),incorporating them into a sodium alginate matrix for food preservation.The self-assembled PDA-BBR-NPs were synthesized using a solution oxidation method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and nanoparticle size analysis.The results demonstrated that PDA-BBR-NPs were uniform spheres with an average diameter of 177.1 nm.Drug loading and encapsulation efficiency tests showed that the optimal formulation had a drug loading capacity of 48.4%and an encapsulation efficiency of 84.70%.Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated using the dilution coating plate method,showing an inhibition rate of over 98%.Photothermal testing under 808 nm near-infrared irradiation revealed a maximum photothermal conversion efficiency of 32.65%.To assess the practical application of the nanoparticles,they were incorporated into a sodium alginate-based coating for the preservation of Kyoho grapes.Key parameters such as weight loss rate,pH,titratable acidity,and soluble solids content were monitored over a 12-day storage period at room temperature.The PDA-BBR-near-infrared spectroscopy-treated group exhibited significantly reduced weight loss rate(6.08%lower than the control group)and a slower decrease in pH.The coating effectively inhibited microbial activity and extended the shelf life of the grapes by 3-6 days compared to the control group.These findings demonstrated the potential of PDA-BBR-NPs to enhance the preservation of fresh produce through their combined antibacterial and photothermal effects,offering a promising method for extending fruit shelf life.展开更多
Background:Health benefits have been reported for many physical activity(PA)interventions for improving fundamental movement skills(FMS)and cognitive function(CF),but the most effective type of PA interventions for em...Background:Health benefits have been reported for many physical activity(PA)interventions for improving fundamental movement skills(FMS)and cognitive function(CF),but the most effective type of PA interventions for emhancing FMS and CF in early childhood remain unknown.Thus,the study aimed to determine the effects of PA interventions in enhancing FMS and CF among young children and to establish the optimal types of PA interventions.Methods:Six electronic databases(PubMed,OVID,SPORTDiscus,Scopus,Web of Science,and Cochrane)were searched for studies from inception to March 17,2024.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included in this study if they reported outcomes related to FMS,CF,or both associated with PA interventions.Effect sizes were calculated and performed as Hedges'g.The hierarchy of competing interventions was established using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA).Risk of bias was independently assessed using the Cochrane Riskof-Bias 2.Results:This analysis included 38 studies with 5237 young children,with sample sizes ranging from 32 to 897 participants.The types of PA interventions analyzed included active play/free play/unstructured PA(AP),general structured PA(GSPA),FMS-targeted PA programs(FMSprograms),cognitively-engaging PA programs(CPA),multilevel PA interventions(MPA),and exergaming.PA interventions had a large,pooled effect size for total FMS(g=0.96;95%CI:0.45-1.46;p<0.01;I^(2)=94%).For CF,a small-to-moderate pooled effect size was found(g=0.39;95%CI:0.18-0.60;p<0.01;I^(2)=88%).PA interventions longer than 3 months showed fewer benefits for FMS(p<0.01).The network meta-analysis showed that FMS-programs(standardized mean difference((SMD)=1.55,95%CI:0.98-2.11,SUCRA=98.3%)and GSPA(SMD=0.94,95%CI:0.05-1.85,SUCRA=69.8%)significantly improved total FMS compared to AP.For locomotor skills(LMS),exergaming ranked highest(SUCRA=79.3%),followed by FMS-programs(75.9%)and GSPA(61.6%).However,despite its top ranking,exergaming's effect estimate was not statistically significant(SMD=1.38,95%CI:-0.08 to 2.85).For object control skills(OCS),exergaming again ranked highest(SUCRA=91.9%)and showed the largest significant effect(SMD=2.38,95%CI:0.96-3.80),followed by FMS-programs(SUCRA=78.5%)and GSPA(SUCRA=53.7%).FMS-programs,GSPA,MPA,and UC also significantly improved OCS compared to AP.While no significant differences were observed across PA interventions for most CF domains,exergaming had a significant positive effect on working memory(SMD=1.41,95%CI:0.07-2.75).The certainty of evidence varied from low to moderate.Conclusion:These findings emphasize the importance of PA interventions in improving FMS and CF in early childhood.FMS-programs and GSPA appear to be the most effective approaches for enhancing total FMS,while exergaming showed the highest ranking for LMS and OCS,with a significant impact on OCS but uncertainty in LMS improvements.Additionally,exergaming had a positive effect on working memory,suggesting its potential cognitive benefits.展开更多
Background:Early detection of harmful brain activity in critically ill patients using electroencephalography(EEG)is vital for timely and effective clinical intervention.Automating EEG analysis with deep learning techn...Background:Early detection of harmful brain activity in critically ill patients using electroencephalography(EEG)is vital for timely and effective clinical intervention.Automating EEG analysis with deep learning techniques holds significant promise for enhancing diagnostic efficiency and accuracy.Methods:We implemented EfficientNetB2,which leverages convolutional neural networks with a novel Temporal Squeeze-and-Excitation module to capture temporal EEG features,and WaveNet,a sequential model designed to effectively model temporal dependencies in EEG data using dilated causal convolutions and temporal self-attention.Both models were trained and evaluated using a publicly available EEG dataset,with performance assessed via 4-fold cross-validation and a step-wise learning rate reduction strategy.Results:Our results demonstrate a significant reduction in training loss from 0.6459 to 0.3055 and validation loss from 0.9602 to 0.5719 over six epochs.Consistent improvements were observed across cross-validation folds,highlighting the robustness of the models.Additionally,ensemble learning of the two architectures further enhanced classification performance.Conclusion:This comparative analysis sheds light on the strengths and limitations of EfficientNetB2 and WaveNet for automated harmful brain activity detection in EEG signals.The findings contribute to the advancement of reliable and efficient deep learning models,paving the way for their clinical application in managing critically ill patients.展开更多
Carotenoids are natural pigments that are widely distributed in the flowers,fruits,and seeds of many plant species.These compounds not only endow diverse colors but also exhibit antioxidant,immune-modulatory,anti-agin...Carotenoids are natural pigments that are widely distributed in the flowers,fruits,and seeds of many plant species.These compounds not only endow diverse colors but also exhibit antioxidant,immune-modulatory,anti-aging,and photoprotective properties.Although carotenoid metabolism has been studied extensively in microbial and plant science,the genetic mechanisms underlying carotenoid metabolism in cotton remain underexplored.Here,we isolated gene GbDYA that regulates a dark-yellow anther color by map-based cloning using a BC1F1 population derived from a cross of Gossypium barbadense acc.Hai7124 with dark-yellow anthers and G.hirsutum acc.TM-1 with light-yellow anthers backcrossed with TM-1.GbDYA encodes phytoene synthase,a key rate-limiting enzyme in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway.A long terminal repeat retrotransposon in the first exon of GhDYA(an ortholog of GbDYA in G.hirsutum acc.TM-1)caused loss of function and led to the light-yellow anther color.GbDYA is predominantly expressed in the early stages of anther development.Transcriptome,RT-qPCR and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that GbDYA influences the synthesis and accumulation of carotenoids in anthers by modulating expression of key genes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway.Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses indicated that the accumulation of lutein,violaxanthin,antherxanthin,cryptoxanthin,zeaxanthin,andβ-carotene contributed to yellow coloration of anthers.Dual-luciferase and yeast one-hybrid assays confirmed that transcription factor GbMYB105(GB_A11G3511)binds to the promoter of GbDYA and activates its expression.High-temperature stress treatment indicated that carotenoids accumulation in anthers enhances pollen antioxidant activity.This study unravels the role of GbDYA in conferring the anther coloration,and provides the potential utilization by modulating accumulation of carotenoids in anthers to enhance pollen viability in high-temperature tolerance breeding in cotton.展开更多
This study investigates the frequency-temperature behaviors in AT-cut quartz crystal resonators(QCRs).First,the dispersion relations of an infinite quartz plate are obtained through a semi-analytical finite element(SA...This study investigates the frequency-temperature behaviors in AT-cut quartz crystal resonators(QCRs).First,the dispersion relations of an infinite quartz plate are obtained through a semi-analytical finite element(SAFE)analysis,which explicitly reveals the intrinsic frequency-temperature dependence of different vibration modes.Subsequently,we address practical resonator configurations by examining finite quartz plates,where numerical simulations uncover critical interactions between the operational thickness-shear(TS)mode and coupling modes,i.e.,the flexure(F),face-shear(FS),and extension(E)modes.Through the frequency spectra analysis,we demonstrate that both the plate aspect ratio and thermal variations affect mode-coupling behaviors.Unstable frequency-temperature variations(activity dips)are observed at critical resonator dimensions.Validation through the free-vibration eigen-frequency analysis and forced-vibration admittance characterization confirms the stable or unstable states predicted by the frequency spectra.The established framework not only reveals the origin of temperatureinduced activity dips but also provides the crucial design criteria for suppressing the mode-coupling interference in high-stability resonators.展开更多
Aberrant activation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases(RTKs)is a well-established trigger of tumorigenesis,and the over-use of RTK inhibitors often leads to drug resistance and tumor recurrence.While current Drug-Target Int...Aberrant activation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases(RTKs)is a well-established trigger of tumorigenesis,and the over-use of RTK inhibitors often leads to drug resistance and tumor recurrence.While current Drug-Target Interaction(DTI)prediction methods(including those based on heterogeneous information networks)have shown promise,they remain limited in their ability to fully capture the nature of DTIs and often lack interpretability.To overcome these limitations,this study introduces a novel hybrid optimization model termed MDBO-RF,which integrates a Modified Dung Beetle Optimizer(MDBO)with Random Forest(RF).The key innovation lies in the enhancement of the DBO algorithm through a quaternion-based learning mechanism and the Cauchy mutation strategy,specifically designed to overcome the slow convergence and susceptibility to local optima that plague traditional metaheuristic algorithms used for hyperparameter tuning.The model leverages commonly used molecular descriptors to enhance the prediction of Tyrosine Kinase(TK)inhibitory activity and enable efficient compound screening.Our results demonstrate that MDBO-RF achieves a 3.41%increase in prediction accuracy compared to the standard RF model and outperforms several other contemporary machine learning approaches.The model effectively streamlines the RTK inhibitor screening process by improving prediction accuracy in multi-target competitive binding scenarios and reducing false-positive screening due to off-target effects.This work underscores the value of hybrid optimization strategies in bioinformatics and provides a robust,interpretable tool for accelerating drug discovery.展开更多
Human Activity Recognition(HAR)is a novel area for computer vision.It has a great impact on healthcare,smart environments,and surveillance while is able to automatically detect human behavior.It plays a vital role in ...Human Activity Recognition(HAR)is a novel area for computer vision.It has a great impact on healthcare,smart environments,and surveillance while is able to automatically detect human behavior.It plays a vital role in many applications,such as smart home,healthcare,human computer interaction,sports analysis,and especially,intelligent surveillance.In this paper,we propose a robust and efficient HAR system by leveraging deep learning paradigms,including pre-trained models,CNN architectures,and their average-weighted fusion.However,due to the diversity of human actions and various environmental influences,as well as a lack of data and resources,achieving high recognition accuracy remain elusive.In this work,a weighted average ensemble technique is employed to fuse three deep learning models:EfficientNet,ResNet50,and a custom CNN.The results of this study indicate that using a weighted average ensemble strategy for developing more effective HAR models may be a promising idea for detection and classification of human activities.Experiments by using the benchmark dataset proved that the proposed weighted ensemble approach outperformed existing approaches in terms of accuracy and other key performance measures.The combined average-weighted ensemble of pre-trained and CNN models obtained an accuracy of 98%,compared to 97%,96%,and 95%for the customized CNN,EfficientNet,and ResNet50 models,respectively.展开更多
文摘In 2025,I had the honor of delivering keynote speeches at the conferences of the International Society for Diet and Activity Methods in Toronto,Canada,and the International Society of Behavioural Nutrition and Physical Activity in Auckland,Aotearoa,New Zealand.These opportunities prompted deep reflection on scientific research in general,and on physical activity and health research specifically.
文摘Members of the British Textile Machinery Association(BTMA)can look back on 2025 as a year marked by notable technological advances and continued progress in global trade,despite an uncertain and volatile market.“Our members have been very active over the past 12 months and this has resulted in new technologies for the production of technical fibres and fabrics,the introduction of AI and machine learning into process control systems and significant advances in materials testing,”says BTMA CEO Jason Kent.“There’s real excitement about what can be achieved in 2026 as we look ahead to upcoming exhibitions such as JEC Composites in Paris in March and Techtextil in Frankfurt in April.”
文摘This paper reports the preparation of three di‑iron complexes containing a thiazole moiety.Esterification of complex[Fe_(2)(CO)_(6)(μ‑SCH_(2)CH(CH_(2)OH)S)](1)with 4‑methylthiazole‑5‑carboxylic acid gave the corresponding ester[Fe_(2)(CO)_(6)(μ‑tedt)](2),where tedt=SCH_(2)CH(CH_(2)OOC(5‑C_(3)HNSCH_(3)))S.Further reactions of complex 2 with tri(ptolyl)phosphine(tp)or tris(4‑fluorophenyl)phosphine(fp)gave the phosphine‑substituted derivatives[Fe_(2)(CO)_(5)(tp)(μ‑tedt)](3)and[Fe_(2)(CO)_(5)(fp)(μ‑tedt)](4).The structures of the newly prepared complexes were elucidated by elemental analysis,NMR,IR,and X‑ray photoelectron spectroscopy.Moreover,single‑crystal X‑ray diffraction analysis confirmed their molecular structures,showing that they contain a di‑iron core ligated by a bridged dithiolate bearing a thiazole moiety and terminal carbonyls.The electrochemical and electrocatalytic proton reduction were probed by cyclic voltammetry,revealing that three complexes can catalyze the reduction of protons to H_(2) under the electrochemical conditions.For comparison,complex 4 possessed the best efficiency with a turnover frequency of 23.5 s^(-1)at 10 mmol·L^(-1)HOAc concentration.In addition,the fungicidal activity of these complexes was also investigated in this study.CCDC:2477511,2;2477512,3;2477513,4.
文摘Chitosan(CTS)was grafted onto the surface of amino‑functionalized silver chloride silicon dioxide(AgCl@SiO_(2)‑NH_(2))cores to obtain AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS hybrid nanoparticles.The as‑obtained AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS nanoparticles were chlorinated by NaClO solution to get AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑based chloramine nano‑hybrid materials,denoted as AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl.A transmission electron microscope was used to observe the morphology of the as‑prepared samples AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS and AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl.At the same time,an X‑ray diffractometer and an infrared spectroscope were utilized to characterize their crystal and chemical structures.Besides,ζpotentials were measured to elucidate the surface modification of AgCl nanoparticles by—NH_(2),the antibacterial mechanism of AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl was investigated by scanning electron microscopy,and Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)were used as the to‑be‑tested strains to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of samples AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS and AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl.Findings demonstrate that sample AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS exhibits a chain‑like structure ascribed to the interaction between—NH_(2),and each AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS hybrid nanoparticle contains several AgCl cores.In the meantime,sample AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl exhibits excellent antibacterial activity against E.coli and S.aureus,which is attributed to the synergistic antibacterial effect of Ag^(+)and Cl^(-).Sample AgCl@SiO_(2)/CTS‑Cl with a dosage of 640.00μg·mL^(-1) could completely kill the two kinds of tested bacteria in 12 h of incubation;it retains a high antibacterial efficiency even after 10 cycles of antibacterial tests.
文摘Recently,the Standardization Administration of China issued Announcement No.1 of 2026,officially approving the establishment of the Subcommittee 1 on Nonwoven Material of National Technical Committee 606 on Technical Textiles of Standardization Administration of China(SAC/TC606/SC1)and the Subcommittee 2 on Filtration and Separation Textiles of National Technical Committee 606 on Technical Textiles of Standardization Administration of China(SAC/TC606/SC2).The formation of these two subcommittees marks a crucial step in the standardization development of China's industrial textiles sector in specialized fields.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Fund Project of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(2025J1950).
文摘Against the backdrop of integrated development between technical education and higher vocational education,the teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses faces new opportunities and challenges.This paper analyzes the existing problems in the current teaching of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses,discusses the necessity of reforming the teaching model under the context of integration,and proposes the construction of a"Dual-Capability Progression,Six-Dimensional Empowerment"teaching model.The aim is to enhance the teaching quality of Chinese Medicine Processing Technology courses and cultivate high-quality skilled talents in Chinese medicine processing who can meet industry demands.
文摘BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium(POD)is a common and serious complication in surgical patients,particularly older adults.Alterations in cholinergic function have been implicated in its pathophysiology.AIM To evaluate the association between preoperative serum cholinesterase(ChE)activity—specifically butyrylcholinesterase(BuChE)and acetylcholinesterase(AChE)—and the risk of POD in adult surgical patients in a meta-analysis.METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed,EMBASE,and Web of Science up to March 28,2025 for studies reporting preoperative serum BuChE or AChE activity in relation to subsequent POD incidence.Standardized mean differences(SMDs)and odds ratios(ORs)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were pooled using random-effects models.Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed based on follow-up duration and analytic models.RESULTS Thirteen studies(n=2730 patients)were included.Patients who developed POD had significantly lower preoperative BuChE activity than those who did not(SMD=-0.28;95%CI:-0.39 to-0.16;I^(2)=18%).Higher BuChE activity was associated with a reduced risk of POD(OR per 100 unit increment=0.97;95%CI:0.95-0.99;I2=0%).In contrast,pooled AChE activity did not differ significantly between POD and non-POD groups(SMD=-0.25;95%CI:-0.53 to 0.03;P=0.08;I^(2)=80%),and the ORs per 1 unit increment in AChE activity were not statistically significant(OR=0.98;95%CI:0.95-1.01).CONCLUSION Lower preoperative serum BuChE activity is associated with an increased risk of POD in adults undergoing surgery.BuChE activity may serve as a potential preoperative biomarker for POD risk stratification.
基金Supported by Zhaoqing University-Zhanjiang Institute for Food and Drug Control Joint Laboratory(52).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the extraction process,content determination,and antioxidant properties of flavonoids from Hylocereus undatus(Haw.)Britton&Rose.[Methods]Using H.undatus as the raw material,the effects of ethanol concentration,ultrasonic temperature,time,and solid-to-liquid ratio on the total flavonoid yield were investigated through single-factor and orthogonal experiments.[Results]All factors had a significant effect on the yield.The optimized conditions were determined as follows:ethanol concentration 75%,ultrasonic temperature 60℃,ultrasonic time 30 min,and solid-to-liquid ratio 1:50(g/ml).Under these conditions,the total flavonoid yield reached 3.08%.Evaluation of antioxidant activity revealed that the extract exhibited superior scavenging rates against both DPPH and hydroxyl radicals compared with the standard reference compound BHT.[Conclusions]This study holds significant importance for elucidating the pharmacological mechanisms of flavonoids in H.undatus and for expanding their application in medicine and health products.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan:Real-Time Intelligent Active Intervention on Integration of Ten Important Chronic Diseases(2020YFC2003504-2,to BX)。
文摘Background:Although light-intensity physical activity(LPA)has been suggested to be associated with a lower risk of mortality,the minimal and optimal volumes of LPA remain unclear.We aimed to examine the minimal and optimal volumes of LPA associated with the risks of mortality and disease incidence(i.e.,cardiovascular diseases and cancer).Methods:Data were derived from the population-based UK Biobank cohort study,including 69,492 adults aged 43-78 years.Accelerometermeasured LPA was defined using a validated,published machine learning-based Random Forest activity method,which was categorized into 4 quartile groups.All-cause and cause-specific mortality(cardiovascular disease-and cancer-specific)were determined according to the International Classification of Diseases,10th version codes.Disease incidence was defined based on primary care,hospitalization,or death records.Results:During a median follow-up period of 8.04 years,2024 adults died from all causes,539 from cardiovascular disease,and 1175 from cancer.For all-cause mortality,compared with participants in the lowest quartile of LPA(<3.9 h/day),the hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)were 0.82(95%CI:0.73-0.93)for those with 3.9 to<5.0 h/day,0.75(95%CI:0.66-0.85)for those with 5.0 to<6.1 h/day,and 0.77(95%CI:0.68-0.88)for those with≥6.1 h/day,respectively.There was an inverse non-linear dose-response association between LPA and all-cause mortality,with an optimal dose of 5.72 h/day(95%CI:5.45-6.41;HR=0.63,95%CI:0.56-0.71)and a minimal dose of 3.59 h/day(95%CI:3.53-8.56;HR=0.81,95%CI:0.78-0.86),with the 5th percentile as the reference.Similar patterns were observed for cause-specific mortality and disease incidence(cardiovascular disease and cancer).Conclusion:Engaging in LPA for~3.5 h/day was conservatively associated with lower risk of mortality and disease incidence,with further risk reductions observed up to an optimal dose of~6.0 h/day.These findings suggest that sufficient LPA offers important health benefits,which can inform the development of future PA guidelines.
基金supported by the National Institutes of Health for the Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research(award No.P20GM144269)support from the Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health(award No.KL2TR002367)supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health(award No.TL1TR002368)。
文摘Overweight and obesity are significant public health concerns worldwide due to their association with many chronic health conditions.This has resulted in the development of various interventions focused on weight loss to reduce the associated health burden.Physical activity is an important lifestyle behavior associated with enhanced health.Evidence supports that many of the benefits of physical activity are realized independent of initial weight status or whether weight loss is achieved,with some benefits additive to what is achieved with weight loss alone.These benefits include enhanced cardiometabolic,brain,cognitive and psychological health,and others.Moreover,in adults with overweight or obesity,physical activity has independent effects on cardiorespiratory fitness,muscular strength,physical function,and mobility.There are also benefits to body composition,with physical activity improving the quality of key tissues,such as skeletal muscle,which may not occur with diet-induced weight loss.Therefore,physical activity is an important public health target for adults with overweight or obesity to provide a wide range of health benefits that extend beyond those of weight loss alone.However,physical activity recommendations and programming efforts should consider the unique characteristics of adults with overweight or obesity to be most effective,and should support a focus on mobility,physical function,and other health outcomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62325112)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2411700,2023YFC2411705)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A2023)the National High-Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2022-PUMCH-C-009,2022-PUMCH-B-064,2022-PUMCH-D-002)the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2014CB541801).
文摘Conventional ultrasound(US)evaluation of enthesitis in psoriatic arthritis(PsA)is limited by its inability to quantify metabolic alterations such as hypoxia,a key driver of disease activity.We introduce an oxygenation-integrated multimodal photoacoustic/ultrasound(PA/US)imaging framework designed to quantify entheseal oxygen saturation(SO_(2))for assessing entheseal disease activity in PsA.In this cross-sectional study,25 PsA patients underwent bilateral PA/US imaging of 12 entheses,where ultrasound lesions were scored using the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology scoring system,and PA-derived SO_(2) levels,quantified via dual-wavelength PA imaging,were classified into hyperoxia or hypoxia groups using k-means clustering.This approach provides metabolic insights complementary to conventional ultrasonic assessment.A composite score integrating hypoxia with US parameters was validated against clinical disease activity indices(Disease Activity Score 28-C-reactive protein,DAS28-CRP;Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis,DAPSA).Among 300 entheses,103(34.3%)exhibited PA positivity,with 40(38.8%)classified as hypoxia.Hypoxia scores independently predicted DAS28-CRP(β=0.618,p=0.001)and DAPSA(β=0.612,p<0:001).The hypoxia-optimized PAUS score demonstrated superior correlation with disease activity indices compared to conventional US(DAS28-CRP:r=0.615,p=0.001 versus r=0.474,p=0.017;DAPSA:r=0.743,p<0:001 versus r=0.567,p=0.003),alongside superior diagnostic accuracy for minimal disease activity(area under the curve,AUC 0.776 versus 0.614,p=0.008)and low disease activity(AUC 0.853 versus 0.772,p=0.009).This multimodal scoring system enhances the stratification of PsA disease activity by providing unique metabolic insights,offering a potential tool for therapeutic monitoring and guiding treat-to-target strategies.
基金Supported by Provincial Key Research Project of Henan Province,No.232102310081.
文摘BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder(MDD)and obesity(OB)are bidirectionally comorbid conditions with common neurobiological underpinnings.However,the neurocognitive mechanisms of their comorbidity remain poorly understood.AIM To examine regional abnormalities in spontaneous brain activity among patients with MDD-OB comorbidity.METHODS This study adopted a regional homogeneity(ReHo)analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.The study included 149 hospital patients divided into four groups:Patients experiencing their first episode of drug-naive MDD with OB,patients with MDD without OB,and age-and sex-matched healthy individuals with and without OB.Whole-brain ReHo analysis was conducted using SPM12 software and RESTplus toolkits,with group comparisons via ANOVA and post-hoc tests.Correlations between ReHo values and behavioral measures were examined.RESULTS ANOVA revealed significant whole-brain ReHo differences among the four groups in four key regions:The left middle temporal gyrus(MTG.L),right cuneus,left precuneus,and left thalamus.Post-hoc analyses confirmed pairwise differences between all groups across these regions(P<0.05).OB was associated with ReHo alterations in the MTG.L,right cuneus,and left thalamus,whereas abnormalities in the precuneus suggested synergistic pathological mechanisms between MDD and OB.Statistically significant correlations were found between the drive and fun-seeking dimensions of the behavioral activation system,as well as behavioral inhibition and the corresponding ReHo values.CONCLUSION Our findings provide novel evidence for the neuroadaptive mechanisms underlying the MDD-OB comorbidity.Further validation could lead to personalized interventions targeting MTG.L hyperactivity and targeting healthy food cues.
基金supported by Research Projects of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education(LJ212410163008)the National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University(202410163042)。
文摘The photothermal effect enhances the antibacterial activity by generating localized heat that disrupts microbial cells,leading to increased bacterial inactivation.The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the antibacterial and photothermal applications of polydopamine-berberine nanoparticles(PDA-BBR-NPs),incorporating them into a sodium alginate matrix for food preservation.The self-assembled PDA-BBR-NPs were synthesized using a solution oxidation method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and nanoparticle size analysis.The results demonstrated that PDA-BBR-NPs were uniform spheres with an average diameter of 177.1 nm.Drug loading and encapsulation efficiency tests showed that the optimal formulation had a drug loading capacity of 48.4%and an encapsulation efficiency of 84.70%.Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated using the dilution coating plate method,showing an inhibition rate of over 98%.Photothermal testing under 808 nm near-infrared irradiation revealed a maximum photothermal conversion efficiency of 32.65%.To assess the practical application of the nanoparticles,they were incorporated into a sodium alginate-based coating for the preservation of Kyoho grapes.Key parameters such as weight loss rate,pH,titratable acidity,and soluble solids content were monitored over a 12-day storage period at room temperature.The PDA-BBR-near-infrared spectroscopy-treated group exhibited significantly reduced weight loss rate(6.08%lower than the control group)and a slower decrease in pH.The coating effectively inhibited microbial activity and extended the shelf life of the grapes by 3-6 days compared to the control group.These findings demonstrated the potential of PDA-BBR-NPs to enhance the preservation of fresh produce through their combined antibacterial and photothermal effects,offering a promising method for extending fruit shelf life.
文摘Background:Health benefits have been reported for many physical activity(PA)interventions for improving fundamental movement skills(FMS)and cognitive function(CF),but the most effective type of PA interventions for emhancing FMS and CF in early childhood remain unknown.Thus,the study aimed to determine the effects of PA interventions in enhancing FMS and CF among young children and to establish the optimal types of PA interventions.Methods:Six electronic databases(PubMed,OVID,SPORTDiscus,Scopus,Web of Science,and Cochrane)were searched for studies from inception to March 17,2024.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included in this study if they reported outcomes related to FMS,CF,or both associated with PA interventions.Effect sizes were calculated and performed as Hedges'g.The hierarchy of competing interventions was established using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA).Risk of bias was independently assessed using the Cochrane Riskof-Bias 2.Results:This analysis included 38 studies with 5237 young children,with sample sizes ranging from 32 to 897 participants.The types of PA interventions analyzed included active play/free play/unstructured PA(AP),general structured PA(GSPA),FMS-targeted PA programs(FMSprograms),cognitively-engaging PA programs(CPA),multilevel PA interventions(MPA),and exergaming.PA interventions had a large,pooled effect size for total FMS(g=0.96;95%CI:0.45-1.46;p<0.01;I^(2)=94%).For CF,a small-to-moderate pooled effect size was found(g=0.39;95%CI:0.18-0.60;p<0.01;I^(2)=88%).PA interventions longer than 3 months showed fewer benefits for FMS(p<0.01).The network meta-analysis showed that FMS-programs(standardized mean difference((SMD)=1.55,95%CI:0.98-2.11,SUCRA=98.3%)and GSPA(SMD=0.94,95%CI:0.05-1.85,SUCRA=69.8%)significantly improved total FMS compared to AP.For locomotor skills(LMS),exergaming ranked highest(SUCRA=79.3%),followed by FMS-programs(75.9%)and GSPA(61.6%).However,despite its top ranking,exergaming's effect estimate was not statistically significant(SMD=1.38,95%CI:-0.08 to 2.85).For object control skills(OCS),exergaming again ranked highest(SUCRA=91.9%)and showed the largest significant effect(SMD=2.38,95%CI:0.96-3.80),followed by FMS-programs(SUCRA=78.5%)and GSPA(SUCRA=53.7%).FMS-programs,GSPA,MPA,and UC also significantly improved OCS compared to AP.While no significant differences were observed across PA interventions for most CF domains,exergaming had a significant positive effect on working memory(SMD=1.41,95%CI:0.07-2.75).The certainty of evidence varied from low to moderate.Conclusion:These findings emphasize the importance of PA interventions in improving FMS and CF in early childhood.FMS-programs and GSPA appear to be the most effective approaches for enhancing total FMS,while exergaming showed the highest ranking for LMS and OCS,with a significant impact on OCS but uncertainty in LMS improvements.Additionally,exergaming had a positive effect on working memory,suggesting its potential cognitive benefits.
文摘Background:Early detection of harmful brain activity in critically ill patients using electroencephalography(EEG)is vital for timely and effective clinical intervention.Automating EEG analysis with deep learning techniques holds significant promise for enhancing diagnostic efficiency and accuracy.Methods:We implemented EfficientNetB2,which leverages convolutional neural networks with a novel Temporal Squeeze-and-Excitation module to capture temporal EEG features,and WaveNet,a sequential model designed to effectively model temporal dependencies in EEG data using dilated causal convolutions and temporal self-attention.Both models were trained and evaluated using a publicly available EEG dataset,with performance assessed via 4-fold cross-validation and a step-wise learning rate reduction strategy.Results:Our results demonstrate a significant reduction in training loss from 0.6459 to 0.3055 and validation loss from 0.9602 to 0.5719 over six epochs.Consistent improvements were observed across cross-validation folds,highlighting the robustness of the models.Additionally,ensemble learning of the two architectures further enhanced classification performance.Conclusion:This comparative analysis sheds light on the strengths and limitations of EfficientNetB2 and WaveNet for automated harmful brain activity detection in EEG signals.The findings contribute to the advancement of reliable and efficient deep learning models,paving the way for their clinical application in managing critically ill patients.
基金supported in part by grants from Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD04040)Jiangsu Key Research and Development Program(BE2022384)Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production co-sponsored by Province and Ministry(CIC-MCP)(No.10).The funders had no role in study design,data collection and analysis,decision to publish,or preparation of the manuscript.
文摘Carotenoids are natural pigments that are widely distributed in the flowers,fruits,and seeds of many plant species.These compounds not only endow diverse colors but also exhibit antioxidant,immune-modulatory,anti-aging,and photoprotective properties.Although carotenoid metabolism has been studied extensively in microbial and plant science,the genetic mechanisms underlying carotenoid metabolism in cotton remain underexplored.Here,we isolated gene GbDYA that regulates a dark-yellow anther color by map-based cloning using a BC1F1 population derived from a cross of Gossypium barbadense acc.Hai7124 with dark-yellow anthers and G.hirsutum acc.TM-1 with light-yellow anthers backcrossed with TM-1.GbDYA encodes phytoene synthase,a key rate-limiting enzyme in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway.A long terminal repeat retrotransposon in the first exon of GhDYA(an ortholog of GbDYA in G.hirsutum acc.TM-1)caused loss of function and led to the light-yellow anther color.GbDYA is predominantly expressed in the early stages of anther development.Transcriptome,RT-qPCR and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that GbDYA influences the synthesis and accumulation of carotenoids in anthers by modulating expression of key genes in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway.Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses indicated that the accumulation of lutein,violaxanthin,antherxanthin,cryptoxanthin,zeaxanthin,andβ-carotene contributed to yellow coloration of anthers.Dual-luciferase and yeast one-hybrid assays confirmed that transcription factor GbMYB105(GB_A11G3511)binds to the promoter of GbDYA and activates its expression.High-temperature stress treatment indicated that carotenoids accumulation in anthers enhances pollen antioxidant activity.This study unravels the role of GbDYA in conferring the anther coloration,and provides the potential utilization by modulating accumulation of carotenoids in anthers to enhance pollen viability in high-temperature tolerance breeding in cotton.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFE0111000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12102183,12172171,and U24A2005)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program of China(No.JCYJ20230807142004009)。
文摘This study investigates the frequency-temperature behaviors in AT-cut quartz crystal resonators(QCRs).First,the dispersion relations of an infinite quartz plate are obtained through a semi-analytical finite element(SAFE)analysis,which explicitly reveals the intrinsic frequency-temperature dependence of different vibration modes.Subsequently,we address practical resonator configurations by examining finite quartz plates,where numerical simulations uncover critical interactions between the operational thickness-shear(TS)mode and coupling modes,i.e.,the flexure(F),face-shear(FS),and extension(E)modes.Through the frequency spectra analysis,we demonstrate that both the plate aspect ratio and thermal variations affect mode-coupling behaviors.Unstable frequency-temperature variations(activity dips)are observed at critical resonator dimensions.Validation through the free-vibration eigen-frequency analysis and forced-vibration admittance characterization confirms the stable or unstable states predicted by the frequency spectra.The established framework not only reveals the origin of temperatureinduced activity dips but also provides the crucial design criteria for suppressing the mode-coupling interference in high-stability resonators.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFD1802104).
文摘Aberrant activation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases(RTKs)is a well-established trigger of tumorigenesis,and the over-use of RTK inhibitors often leads to drug resistance and tumor recurrence.While current Drug-Target Interaction(DTI)prediction methods(including those based on heterogeneous information networks)have shown promise,they remain limited in their ability to fully capture the nature of DTIs and often lack interpretability.To overcome these limitations,this study introduces a novel hybrid optimization model termed MDBO-RF,which integrates a Modified Dung Beetle Optimizer(MDBO)with Random Forest(RF).The key innovation lies in the enhancement of the DBO algorithm through a quaternion-based learning mechanism and the Cauchy mutation strategy,specifically designed to overcome the slow convergence and susceptibility to local optima that plague traditional metaheuristic algorithms used for hyperparameter tuning.The model leverages commonly used molecular descriptors to enhance the prediction of Tyrosine Kinase(TK)inhibitory activity and enable efficient compound screening.Our results demonstrate that MDBO-RF achieves a 3.41%increase in prediction accuracy compared to the standard RF model and outperforms several other contemporary machine learning approaches.The model effectively streamlines the RTK inhibitor screening process by improving prediction accuracy in multi-target competitive binding scenarios and reducing false-positive screening due to off-target effects.This work underscores the value of hybrid optimization strategies in bioinformatics and provides a robust,interpretable tool for accelerating drug discovery.
基金supported by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number(PNURSP2026R765),Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Human Activity Recognition(HAR)is a novel area for computer vision.It has a great impact on healthcare,smart environments,and surveillance while is able to automatically detect human behavior.It plays a vital role in many applications,such as smart home,healthcare,human computer interaction,sports analysis,and especially,intelligent surveillance.In this paper,we propose a robust and efficient HAR system by leveraging deep learning paradigms,including pre-trained models,CNN architectures,and their average-weighted fusion.However,due to the diversity of human actions and various environmental influences,as well as a lack of data and resources,achieving high recognition accuracy remain elusive.In this work,a weighted average ensemble technique is employed to fuse three deep learning models:EfficientNet,ResNet50,and a custom CNN.The results of this study indicate that using a weighted average ensemble strategy for developing more effective HAR models may be a promising idea for detection and classification of human activities.Experiments by using the benchmark dataset proved that the proposed weighted ensemble approach outperformed existing approaches in terms of accuracy and other key performance measures.The combined average-weighted ensemble of pre-trained and CNN models obtained an accuracy of 98%,compared to 97%,96%,and 95%for the customized CNN,EfficientNet,and ResNet50 models,respectively.
