Triterpenoids are valuable medicinal scaffolds,characterized by excellent pharmacological properties and the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups that allow for further structural modifications.Expanding the scope...Triterpenoids are valuable medicinal scaffolds,characterized by excellent pharmacological properties and the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups that allow for further structural modifications.Expanding the scope of oxidative modifications on these molecules is crucial for increasing their synthetic structural diversity and unlocking new potential pharmacological activities.However,the progress has been limited by the scarcity of suitable tailoring enzymes.Here,we reported a break-through in achieving targeted and remote dual-site oxidation of licorice triterpenoids using a single P450 mutant.This approach successfully enabled the selective synthesis of the rare triterpenoid,liquiritic acid and 24-OH-liquiritic acid.Our findings demonstrate that microenvironmental accessibility engineering of triterpenoid substrates within the P450 enzyme is essential for continuous and regioselective oxidation.This study not only sheds light on the mechanistic aspects of P450 catalysis but also expands the enzymatic toolkit for selective oxidative modifications in triterpenoid biosynthesis.展开更多
The accessibility of urban public transit directly influences residents’quality of life,travel behavior,and social equity.Its correlation with housing prices has garnered significant attention across disciplines such...The accessibility of urban public transit directly influences residents’quality of life,travel behavior,and social equity.Its correlation with housing prices has garnered significant attention across disciplines such as geography,economics,and urban planning.Although much existing research focuses on the impact of individual transportation facilities on housing prices,there is a notable gap in comprehensive analyses that assess the influence of overall urban transit accessibility on housing market dynamics.This study selected the main urban area of Hefei,China,as a case to investigate the spatial distribution of housing prices and evaluate public transit accessibility in 2022.Employing techniques such as the optimized parameter geographical detector and local spatial regression models,the study aimed to elucidate the effects and underlying mechanisms of urban transit accessibility on housing prices.The findings revealed that:1)housing prices in Hefei exhibited a clustered spatial pattern,with high prices concentrated in the city center and lower prices in peripheral areas,forming three distinct high-price hotspots with a‘belt-like’distribution;2)public transit accessibility showed a‘coreperiphery’structure,with accessibility declining in a‘circumferential’pattern around the city center.Based on the‘housing price-accessibility’dimension,four categories were identified:high price-high accessibility(37.25%),high price-low accessibility(19.07%),low price-high accessibility(21.95%),and low price-low accessibility(21.73%);3)the impact of transit accessibility on housing prices was spatially heterogeneous,with bus travel showing the strongest explanatory power(0.692),followed by automobile,subway,and bicycle travel.The interaction of these transportation modes generated a synergistic effect on housing price differentiation,with most influencing factors contributing more than 25%.These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing the spatial distribution of public transit infrastructure and improving both urban housing quality and residents’living standards.展开更多
Central nervous system(CNS) axons fail to regenerate following brain or spinal cord injury(SCI),which typically leads to permanent neurological deficits.Peripheral nervous system axons,howeve r,can regenerate followin...Central nervous system(CNS) axons fail to regenerate following brain or spinal cord injury(SCI),which typically leads to permanent neurological deficits.Peripheral nervous system axons,howeve r,can regenerate following injury.Understanding the mechanisms that underlie this difference is key to developing treatments for CNS neurological diseases and injuries characterized by axonal damage.To initiate repair after peripheral nerve injury,dorsal root ganglion(DRG) neurons mobilize a pro-regenerative gene expression program,which facilitates axon outgrowth.展开更多
Under the background of‘the Belt and Road’and‘China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor’initiatives,this paper studied the urban accessibility level,regional accessibility pattern and regional spatial effects along ...Under the background of‘the Belt and Road’and‘China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor’initiatives,this paper studied the urban accessibility level,regional accessibility pattern and regional spatial effects along the Primorsky No.1 and No.2 transportation corridors.First,the evaluation of urban accessibility level with and without Primorsky No.1 and No.2 high-speed rails(HSRs)opening was conducted with two indicators,i.e.,the weighted average travel time,and the economic potential.After the evaluation,the spatial differentiation pattern of the accessibility changes with and without Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs opening was performed respectively using ArcGIS.On these bases,the regional spatial effects brought by Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs opening were studied.The results are as following.First,the urban accessibility level will be greatly improved by the opening of Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs.All adjacent cities will be integrated into‘1 h HSR communication circle’and the whole journey will be integrated into‘4 h HSR communication circle’along Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors,respectively.The HSR accessibility of Primorsky No.1 corridor is stronger than that of Primorsky No.2 corridor.But the HSR accessibility improvement degree of Primorsky No.1 corridor is weaker than that of Primorsky No.2 corridor.Second,spatially,along Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors,the HSR accessibility level of the cities which are located in China is stronger than those cities located in Russia,showing the‘High West,Low East’patterns.The HSR accessibility improvement degree of the cities which are located in Russia and Sino-Russian border is stronger than those cities located in China,showing the‘High East,Low West’patterns.Third,Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors could connect the China’s‘Heilongjiang Land Sea Silk Road Economic Belt’and‘Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Development Pilot Zone’respectively,gradually involving into the development of China’s Harbin-Changchun Megalopolis.Relying on Harbin(China)and Changchun(China),Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs could connect Northeast China-Beijing HSR,accelerating the diffusion of population,economy and other flows from China’s Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration to Northeast China,and then to Russia’s Far East Federal District.Relying on Suifenhe(China)and Hunchun(China),Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs could be conducive to the development of the second largest sea channels for Northeast China,creating the Northeast Asian Urban Belt,and new sea-rail intermodal pattern among China,Russia,Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,Japan and Republic of Korea.Relying on Vladivostok(Russia)and Zarubino(Russia),Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors could connect the‘Ice Silk Road’,building the‘Sino-Russian Northern Maritime Corridor’and‘Sino-Russian Arctic Blue Economic Areas’.展开更多
Permeable electronics promise improved physiological comfort,but remain constrained by limited functional integration and poor mechanical robustness.Here,we report a three-dimensional(3D)permeable electronic system th...Permeable electronics promise improved physiological comfort,but remain constrained by limited functional integration and poor mechanical robustness.Here,we report a three-dimensional(3D)permeable electronic system that overcomes these challenges by combining electrospun SEBS nanofiber mats,high-resolution liquid metal conductors patterned via thermal imprinting(50μm),and a strain isolators(SIL)that protects vertical interconnects(VIAs)from stress concentration.This architecture achieves ultrahigh air permeability(>5.09 m L cm^(-2)min^(-1)),exceptional stretchability(750%fracture strain),and reliable conductivity maintained through more than 32,500 strain cycles.Leveraging these advances,we have integrated multilayer circuits,strain sensors,and a three-axis accelerometer to achieve a fully integrated,stretchable,permeable wireless real-time gesture recognition glove.The system enables accurate sign language interpretation(98%)and seamless robotic hand control,demonstrating its potential for assistive technologies.By uniting comfort,durability,and high-density integration,this work establishes a versatile platform for nextgeneration wearable electronics and interactive human-robot interfaces.展开更多
The spatial relationships between traffic accessibility and supply and demand(S&D)of ecosystem services(ESs)are essential for the formulation of ecological compensation policies and ESs regulation.In this study,an...The spatial relationships between traffic accessibility and supply and demand(S&D)of ecosystem services(ESs)are essential for the formulation of ecological compensation policies and ESs regulation.In this study,an ESs matrix and coupling analysis method were used to assess ESs S&D based on land-use data for 2000,2010,and 2020,and spatial regression models were used to analyze the correlated impacts of traffic accessibility.The results showed that the ESs supply and balance index in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River urban agglomeration(MRYRUA)continuously decreased,while the demand index increased from 2000 to 2020.The Gini coefficients of these indices continued to increase but did not exceed the warning value(0.4).The coupling degree of ESs S&D continued to increase,and its spatial distribution patterns were similar to that of the ESs demand index,with significantly higher values in the plains than in the montane areas,contrasting with those of the ESs supply index.The results of global bivariate Moran’s I analysis showed a significant spatial dependence between traffic accessibility and the degree of coupling between ESs S&D;the spatial regression results showed that an increase in traffic accessibility promoted the coupling degree.The present results provide a new perspective on the relationship between traffic accessibility and the coupling degree of ESs S&D,representing a case study for similar future research in other regions,and a reference for policy creation based on the matching between ESs S&D in the MRYRUA.展开更多
Accessibility is a representative indicator for evaluating the supply of bus system.Traditional studies have evaluated the accessibility from different aspects.Considering the interaction among land use,bus timetable ...Accessibility is a representative indicator for evaluating the supply of bus system.Traditional studies have evaluated the accessibility from different aspects.Considering the interaction among land use,bus timetable arrangement and individual factors,a more holistic accessibility measurement is proposed to combine static and dynamic characteristics from multisource traffic data.The rationale of the proposed model is verified by a case study of bus system in Shenzhen,China,which is carried out to find the spatial and temporal discrepancy of service of bus system.It is found that the adjustment of bus schedule to time-varying travel demand can affect accessibility of bus system and that Land-use development,average bus speed and bus facilities all have positive effects on accessibility of bus system.These findings provide sig-nificant reference for transport planning and policy-making.The proposed model is not limited to accessibility measuring of bus system,but also applicable to other travel modes.展开更多
The continuous degradation of ecosystem services is an important challenge faced by the world.Improvements in transportation infrastructure have had substantial impacts on economic development and ecosystem services.E...The continuous degradation of ecosystem services is an important challenge faced by the world.Improvements in transportation infrastructure have had substantial impacts on economic development and ecosystem services.Exploring the influence of traffic accessibility on ecosystem services can delay or stop their deterioration;however,studies on its impact are lacking.This study addresses this gap by analysing the impact of traffic accessibility on ecosystem services using an integrated spatial regression approach based on an evaluation of the ecosystem services value(ESV)and traffic accessibility in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Urban Agglomeration(MRYRUA)in China.The results indicated that the ESV in the MRYRUA continuously decreased during the study period,and the average ESV in plain areas,areas surrounding the core cities,and areas along the main traffic routes was significantly lower than that in areas along the Yangtze River and the surrounding mountainous areas.Traffic accessibility continued to increase during the study period,and the high-value areas centred on Wuhan,Changsha,Nanchang,and Yichang were radially distributed.The global bivariate spatial autocorrelation coefficient between the average ESV and traffic accessibility was negative.The average ESV and traffic accessibility exhibited significant spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity.Spatial regression also proved that there was a negative association between the average ESV and traffic accessibility,and scale effects were evident.The findings of this study have important policy implications for future ecological protection and transportation planning.展开更多
The problem of accessibility of health institution, with respect to the available facility to serve the entire population leaving in an area, can be solved using GIS. This paper presents an analysis on accessibility o...The problem of accessibility of health institution, with respect to the available facility to serve the entire population leaving in an area, can be solved using GIS. This paper presents an analysis on accessibility of healthcare facilities in Enugu urban area in a GIS environment. This was achieved through acquisition of a base map of Enugu State showing geographic extent of Enugu Urban, determining the geometric positions of health institutions in Enugu urban using handheld GPS, Creation of a spatial database of existing healthcare facilities and demonstrating through various analyses the potentials of GIS in measurement of accessibility to healthcare facilities in Enugu urban Area. The analysis includes network analysis, used to determine the closeness of a facility and shortest route to these healthcare facilities. ARCGIS 9.3 was the main software used. This was supported by Geocal for coordinate conversion and Microsoft office packages. The result of the study showed the spatial distribution of health institutions, closest facilities in case of emergency and route to those health institutions within Enugu urban Area. It was noticed that most of the healthcare facilities were located within Enugu North local government area (LGA). Other settlements and LGAs had fewer healthcare facilities. Areas deprived of healthcare facility were also identified. Routes and closest facilities to those deprived areas were identified in the settlements/area. The analysis showed the efficacy of GIS in determining accessibility of healthcare institutions in Enugu urban area. The study is thus, recommended as a spatial decision support system for decisions regarding spatial accessibility of healthcare facilities in an urban area.展开更多
Measuring and improving home care clinic resource volume and geographic allocation are an important public health issue regarding prolonging home care system usage among disabled elderly people. This study examined cl...Measuring and improving home care clinic resource volume and geographic allocation are an important public health issue regarding prolonging home care system usage among disabled elderly people. This study examined clinic volume and accessibility’s association with hospitalization duration among disabled elderly people in 13 municipalities in Japan;additionally, this study compared clinic volume and accessibility’s ability to explain hospitalization duration in this population. Home care clinics’ service volume and geographic accessibility were calculated for 17 municipalities using public data and geographic information systems. We analyzed medical claim data from October 2012;the sample included 22,662 persons who were aged ≥75 years, certified as disabled in daily living, and lived in 13 municipalities regarding which data could be obtained for all examined municipality characteristics. Multilevel logistic models with random intercepts were constructed for municipalities and individual- and municipality-level independent variables in order to examine home care clinic volume and accessibility’s correlation with hospitalization duration. Clinic volume ranged from 0 to 9.53 per 10,000 elderly people;clinic accessibility ranged from 0% to 83%. Clinic volume and accessibility were both significantly negatively correlated with hospitalization duration of ≥10 days (odds ratios, 0.944 and 0.713;confidence intervals, 0.914 - 0.974 and 0.553 - 0.921, respectively). Clinics were not homogeneously geographically distributed;clinic accessibility explained hospitalization duration better than clinic volume. Clinic accessibility may more accurately indicate care clinic allocation appropriateness than clinic volume.展开更多
This work focuses on maximizing the minimum user’s security energy efficiency(SEE)in an unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted reconfigurable intelligent surface(UAV-RIS)enhanced short-packet communication(SPC)system.The ba...This work focuses on maximizing the minimum user’s security energy efficiency(SEE)in an unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted reconfigurable intelligent surface(UAV-RIS)enhanced short-packet communication(SPC)system.The base station(BS)provides short packet services to ground users using the non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)protocol through UAV-RIS,while preventing eavesdropper attacks.To optimize SEE,a joint optimization is performed concerning power allocation,UAV position,decoding order,and RIS phase shifts.An iterative algorithm based on block coordinate descent is proposed for mixed-integer non-convex SEE optimization problem.The original problem is decomposed into three sub-problems,solved alternately using successive convex approximation(SCA),quadratic transformation,penalty function,and semi-definite programming(SDP).Simulation results demonstrate the performance of the UAV-RIS-enhanced short-packet system under different parameters and verify the algorithm’s convergence.Compared to benchmark schemes such as orthogonal multiple access,long packet communication,and sum SEE,the proposed UAV-RIS-enhanced short-packet scheme achieves the higher minimum user’s SEE.展开更多
Renewable Energy Systems(RES)provide a sustainable solution to climate warming and environmental pollution by enhancing stability and reliability through status acquisition and analysis on cloud platforms and intellig...Renewable Energy Systems(RES)provide a sustainable solution to climate warming and environmental pollution by enhancing stability and reliability through status acquisition and analysis on cloud platforms and intelligent processing on edge servers(ES).However,securely distributing encrypted data stored in the cloud to terminals that meet decryption requirements has become a prominent research topic.Additionally,managing attributes,including addition,deletion,and modification,is a crucial issue in the access control scheme for RES.To address these security concerns,a trust-based ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption(CP-ABE)device access control scheme is proposed for RES(TB-CP-ABE).This scheme effectivelymanages the distribution and control of encrypted data on the cloud through robust attribute key management.By introducing trust management mechanisms and outsourced decryption technology,the ES system can effectively assess and manage the trust worthiness of terminal devices,ensuring that only trusted devices can participate in data exchange and access sensitive information.Besides,the ES system dynamically evaluates trust scores to set decryption trust thresholds,thereby regulating device data access permissions and enhancing the system’s security.To validate the security of the proposed TB-CP-ABE against chosen plaintext attacks,a comprehensive formal security analysis is conducted using the widely accepted random oraclemodel under the decisional q-Bilinear Diffie-Hellman Exponent(q-BDHE)assumption.Finally,comparative analysis with other schemes demonstrates that the TB-CP-ABE scheme cuts energy/communication costs by 43%,and scaleswell with rising terminals,maintaining average latency below 50ms,ensuring real-time service feasibility.The proposed scheme not only provides newinsights for the secure management of RES but also lays a foundation for future secure energy solutions.展开更多
Ensuring the provision of accessible,affordable,and high-quality public services to all individuals aligns with one of the paramount aims of the United Nations’Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).In the face of esca ...Ensuring the provision of accessible,affordable,and high-quality public services to all individuals aligns with one of the paramount aims of the United Nations’Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).In the face of esca lating urbanization and a dwindling rural populace in China,reconstructing rural settlements to enhance public service accessibility has become a fundamental strategy for achieving the SDGs in rural areas.However,few stud ies have examined the optimal methods for rural settlement reconstruction that ensure accessible and equitable public services while considering multiple existing facilities and service provisions.This paper focuses on rural settlement reconstruction in the context of the SDGs,employing an inverted MCLP-CC(maximal coverage loca tion problem for complementary coverage)model to identify optimal rural settlements and a rank-based method for their relocation.Conducted in Changyuan,a county-level city in Henan Province,China,this study observed significant enhancements in both accessibility and equity following rural settlement reconstruction by utilizing the MH3SFCA(modified Huff 3-step floating catchment area)and the spatial Lorenz curve method.Remarkably,these improvements were achieved without the addition of new facilities,with the accessibility increasing by 44.21%,4.97%,and 3.11%;Gini coefficients decreasing by 19.53%,1.64%,and 3.18%;Ricci-Schutz coef-ficients decreasing by 21.09%,2.09%,and 4.33%for educational,medical,and cultural and sports facilities,respectively.It indicated that rural settlement reconstruction can bolster the accessibility and equity of public ser-vices by leveraging existing facilities.This paper provides a new framework for stakeholders to better reconstruct rural settlements and promote sustainable development in rural areas in China.展开更多
Purpose–This paper investigates how high-speed rail(HSR)influences socioeconomic inequality by providing the first systematic bibliometric review of research trends,methodological approaches and thematic structures.I...Purpose–This paper investigates how high-speed rail(HSR)influences socioeconomic inequality by providing the first systematic bibliometric review of research trends,methodological approaches and thematic structures.It examines whether HSR fosters balanced regional development or reinforces spatial disparities.Design/methodology/approach–Using the Bibliometrix R package,237 records were retrieved from the Web of Science(1985–2024).Citation indicators,keyword co-occurrence and collaboration networks were combined with natural language processing(NLP)to classify studies by territorial scale,methodology,economic variables and inequality outcomes.Findings–The paper offers the first structured overview of how the literature conceptualizes the link between HSR and inequality.It highlights persistent gaps–scarcity of city-level analyses,limited socioeconomic indicators and reliance on Chinese case studies–providing a foundation for more comparative and interdisciplinary research.Originality/value–This paper contributes by offering a structured overview of how the literature has conceptualized and measured the relationship between HSR and inequality.By identifying persistent research gaps–such as the scarcity of city-level analyses,limited use of socioeconomic indicators,and overreliance on Chinese case studies–it provides a foundation for more comparative and interdisciplinary approaches.The study informs policymakers and researchers on how to design future infrastructure projects that balance efficiency with equity.展开更多
Objective:The scarcity of healthcare resources and inadequate access to medical services in rural and remote areas are pervasive challenges many countries face,particularly in the developing world.Telemedicine,with it...Objective:The scarcity of healthcare resources and inadequate access to medical services in rural and remote areas are pervasive challenges many countries face,particularly in the developing world.Telemedicine,with its capacity to overcome geographical barriers and provide patients with real‐time medical services,has shown considerable potential in addressing these issues,attracting wide-spread attention.Compact medical communities and family doctor systems play important roles in improving healthcare accessibility.However,despite the critical nature of patients'perceptions of healthcare accessibility,research in this domain is sparse.This study aimed to explore the impact of telemedicine on rural residents'perceived healthcare accessibility in China,analyze the mechanisms underpinning this relationship,and elucidate the roles of compact medical communities and the family doctor system.Methods:Survey data from 3311 rural residents were analyzed using a probit model,instrumental variables,and subgroup regression analyses to ascertain causal effects,perform heterogeneity analysis,examine mechanisms,and ascertain the robustness of the findings.Results:Telemedicine significantly enhanced rural residents'perceived healthcare accessibility,with particularly notable benefits for those in sparsely populated areas,regions with high‐speed internet access,within the purview of compact healthcare consortiums,and those with access to family doctor services.Furthermore,telemedicine improved rural residents'perceived healthcare accessibility by encouraging the use of primary care services.Conclusion:Telemedicine in China has played a significant role in improving the perceived healthcare accessibility among rural residents and aiding in the reduction of disparities in accessibility across different demographic groups.This is consistent with the broader objective of achieving universal health coverage.However,the efficacy of telemedicine in enhancing healthcare accessibility is contingent upon certain preconditions.Policymakers must confront local infrastructure challenges,particularly regarding internet connectivity,when expanding telemedicine services to ensure their effective operation.The synergistic interaction observed between telemedicine,the family doctor system,and compact medical communities highlights the importance of integrating telemedicine into existing healthcare systems.Such integration could enhance collaboration with current healthcare frameworks,ensuring the provision of safe,accessible,and affordable healthcare services,and promoting the health and well‐being of local populations.展开更多
Multicriteria Decision Analysis(MCDA)has been integrated with GIS modelling by many studies to aid the decision-making process.This integration enhances modelling by incorporating spatial relationships and using advan...Multicriteria Decision Analysis(MCDA)has been integrated with GIS modelling by many studies to aid the decision-making process.This integration enhances modelling by incorporating spatial relationships and using advanced techniques,including the combination of Frequency Ratio(FR)and Analytical Hierarchical Process(AHP),also known as FR-AHP.Although methods like Two-Steps Floating Catchment Area(2SFCA),AHP,and FR are widely applied in measuring accessibility,they have limitations in terms of threshold sensitivity and subjectivity.Hence,this study used FR-AHP,which combines the data-driven strength of FR and the structured decision-making technique of AHP to provide a more reliable evaluation of spatial accessibility.This study aims to integrate FR-AHP with GIS to derive campus spatial accessibility in Shah Alam.Campus spatial accessibility can be measured by using location and distance between origin and destination,topological accessibility for nodes and paths,and contiguous accessibility for surfaces.Understanding these concepts is crucial for determining the appropriate technique.This study utilizedMCDA,GIS-basedFR,andAHPmethods tomodel spatial accessibility in activemobility andpublic transport areas,calculating estimation index values and analyzing comparisons between physical factors.A sample survey was conducted among the university’s students to gather information on their origin and destination,as well as the type of transportation used by students.The data were used in calculating the weightage of each physical factor using the FR-AHP method.Then,the Campus Spatial Accessibility Index(CSAI)was determined by using GIS IndexModelling.By using the model,the index was classified into five(5)classes from Very Low to Very High.The results show that Section 2 has the highest accessibility,while the area with the lowest accessibility index is Jalan Zamrud and Jalan Permata,located in Section 7.To analyze the efficiency of FR-AHP,the CSAI was also derived using theweightage derived fromFR only.The comparisons revealed that the results derived using FR-AHP are closer to reality than those derived using FR only,as it incorporates human preferences in accessibility.Hence,the findings suggest that the integration of FR-AHP could provide better CSAI than FR only.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is notorious for its aggressive progression and dismal prognosis,with chromatin accessibility dynamics emerging as pivotal yet poorly understood drivers.AIM To dissect how multi...BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is notorious for its aggressive progression and dismal prognosis,with chromatin accessibility dynamics emerging as pivotal yet poorly understood drivers.AIM To dissect how multilayered chromatin regulation sustains oncogenic transcription and tumor-stroma crosstalk in HCC,we combined multiomics single cell analysis.METHODS We integrated single-cell RNA sequencing and paired single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing data of HCC samples,complemented by bulk RNA sequencing validation across The Cancer Genome Atlas,Liver Cancer Institute,and GSE25907 cohorts.Cell type-specific chromatin architectures were resolved via ArchR,with regulatory hubs identified through peak-to-gene linkages and coaccessibility networks.Functional validation employed A485-mediated histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation suppression and small interfering RNA targeting DGAT1.RESULTS Malignant hepatocytes exhibited expanded chromatin accessibility profiles,characterized by increased numbers of accessible peaks and larger physical regions despite reduced peak intensity.Enhancer-like peaks enriched in malignant regulation,forming long-range hubs.Eighteen enhancer-like peak-related genes showed tumor-specific overexpression and diagnostic accuracy,correlating with poor prognosis.Intercellular coaccessibility analysis revealed tumor-stroma symbiosis via shared chromatin states.Pharmacological histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation inhibition paradoxically downregulated DGAT1,the hub gene most strongly regulated by chromatin accessibility.DGAT1 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation.CONCLUSION Multilayered chromatin reprogramming sustains HCC progression through tumor-stroma crosstalk and DGAT1-related oncogenic transcription,defining targetable epigenetic vulnerabilities.展开更多
Since the 1970s,a series of international and national sources have supported the principle of accessibility,which slowly has become a statuary norm and a legislative obligation.Each country has implemented accessibil...Since the 1970s,a series of international and national sources have supported the principle of accessibility,which slowly has become a statuary norm and a legislative obligation.Each country has implemented accessibility through a singular policy.But in addition to the accessibility of a place or an activity,to inform about what is accessible is very important as well,and has not really taken off.Indeed,for disabled people,the difficulty lies not only with access to places and the use of resources,but also with the visibility of these resources.This means that information concerning accessibility has to be disclosed and provided effectively to disabled people,those involved with them and the relevant institutions.In different countries all over the world,many labels and pictograms have been created for this purpose and give information relating to accessibility.Using a socio-historical approach,we will present and analyze the different types of icons,symbols,pictograms and labels that have been put in place around the world and in France:what are they used for and for whom are they made?We will show that they are pointers which firstly reflect the diversity and range within the target group concerned by accessibility,and secondly the evolution of accessibility as a dynamic and ecological principle.展开更多
High reliability applications in dense access scenarios have become one of the main goals of 6G environments.To solve the access collision of dense Machine Type Communication(MTC)devices in cell-free communication sys...High reliability applications in dense access scenarios have become one of the main goals of 6G environments.To solve the access collision of dense Machine Type Communication(MTC)devices in cell-free communication systems,an intelligent cooperative secure access scheme based on multi-agent reinforcement learning and federated learning is proposed,that is,the Preamble Slice Orderly Queue Access(PSOQA)scheme.In this scheme,the preamble arrangement is combined with the access control.The preamble arrangement is realized by preamble slices which is from the virtual preamble pool.The access devices learn to queue orderly by deep reinforcement learning.The orderly queue weakens the random and avoids collision.A preamble slice is assigned to an orderly access queue at each access time.The orderly queue is determined by interaction information among multiple agents.With the federated reinforcement learning framework,the PSOQA scheme is implemented to guarantee the privacy and security of agents.Finally,the access performance of PSOQA is compared with other random contention schemes in different load scenarios.Simulation results show that PSOQA can not only improve the access success rate but also guarantee low-latency tolerant performances.展开更多
This study analyzes the spatial accessibility of key services in Caen,France,focusing on how different transport modes(car,bicycle,and public transit)influence access to essential services across the urban and suburba...This study analyzes the spatial accessibility of key services in Caen,France,focusing on how different transport modes(car,bicycle,and public transit)influence access to essential services across the urban and suburban landscape.Indeed,the introduction of traffic restrictions in towns with low emission zones encourages a detailed study,on a fine spatial scale,of the differences in accessibility between different modes of transport,for different services and for different journey times.Using spatial analysis techniques,we examine accessibility patterns in relation to services such as shops,healthcare,education,and tourism,highlighting significant disparities between transport modes.The findings reveal that car travel provides the highest accessibility across all service categories,particularly for healthcare and recreational services,while bicycle and public transit accessibility is more limited,especially in peripheral areas.A Principal Component Analysis(PCA)synthesizes the multimodal accessibility data,and hierarchical clustering identifies distinct patterns of accessibility using different transport modes across the city.The study further explores temporal trends in accessibility,showing how different modes perform over varying travel times.Based on these findings,we propose targeted policy interventions aimed at improving public transit,enhancing cycling infrastructure,decentralizing essential services,and promoting mixed-use urban development.Future research directions include examining socio-economic disparities,the impact of emerging mobility technologies,and the environmental implications of accessibility patterns.This research provides valuable insights for urban planners seeking to improve mobility equity and sustainability in urban areas.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22108154,22138006,32171430).
文摘Triterpenoids are valuable medicinal scaffolds,characterized by excellent pharmacological properties and the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups that allow for further structural modifications.Expanding the scope of oxidative modifications on these molecules is crucial for increasing their synthetic structural diversity and unlocking new potential pharmacological activities.However,the progress has been limited by the scarcity of suitable tailoring enzymes.Here,we reported a break-through in achieving targeted and remote dual-site oxidation of licorice triterpenoids using a single P450 mutant.This approach successfully enabled the selective synthesis of the rare triterpenoid,liquiritic acid and 24-OH-liquiritic acid.Our findings demonstrate that microenvironmental accessibility engineering of triterpenoid substrates within the P450 enzyme is essential for continuous and regioselective oxidation.This study not only sheds light on the mechanistic aspects of P450 catalysis but also expands the enzymatic toolkit for selective oxidative modifications in triterpenoid biosynthesis.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42271224,41901193)Ministry of Edu cation Humanities and Social Sciences Research Planning Fund Project of China(No.24YJAZH190)+1 种基金Anhui Province Excellent Youth Research Project in Universities(No.2022AH030019)Anhui Social Sciences Innovation Development Research Project(No.2024CXQ503)。
文摘The accessibility of urban public transit directly influences residents’quality of life,travel behavior,and social equity.Its correlation with housing prices has garnered significant attention across disciplines such as geography,economics,and urban planning.Although much existing research focuses on the impact of individual transportation facilities on housing prices,there is a notable gap in comprehensive analyses that assess the influence of overall urban transit accessibility on housing market dynamics.This study selected the main urban area of Hefei,China,as a case to investigate the spatial distribution of housing prices and evaluate public transit accessibility in 2022.Employing techniques such as the optimized parameter geographical detector and local spatial regression models,the study aimed to elucidate the effects and underlying mechanisms of urban transit accessibility on housing prices.The findings revealed that:1)housing prices in Hefei exhibited a clustered spatial pattern,with high prices concentrated in the city center and lower prices in peripheral areas,forming three distinct high-price hotspots with a‘belt-like’distribution;2)public transit accessibility showed a‘coreperiphery’structure,with accessibility declining in a‘circumferential’pattern around the city center.Based on the‘housing price-accessibility’dimension,four categories were identified:high price-high accessibility(37.25%),high price-low accessibility(19.07%),low price-high accessibility(21.95%),and low price-low accessibility(21.73%);3)the impact of transit accessibility on housing prices was spatially heterogeneous,with bus travel showing the strongest explanatory power(0.692),followed by automobile,subway,and bicycle travel.The interaction of these transportation modes generated a synergistic effect on housing price differentiation,with most influencing factors contributing more than 25%.These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing the spatial distribution of public transit infrastructure and improving both urban housing quality and residents’living standards.
基金supported by the Canada Foundation for Innovation (Project#44220)the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2024-03986)+3 种基金the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research BCthe financial support of Health Canada,through the Canada Brain Research Fund,an innovative partnership between the Government of Canada (through Health Canada),Brain Canada Foundationthe Azrieli Foundationsupported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Canada Graduate Scholarship–Master’s Award。
文摘Central nervous system(CNS) axons fail to regenerate following brain or spinal cord injury(SCI),which typically leads to permanent neurological deficits.Peripheral nervous system axons,howeve r,can regenerate following injury.Understanding the mechanisms that underlie this difference is key to developing treatments for CNS neurological diseases and injuries characterized by axonal damage.To initiate repair after peripheral nerve injury,dorsal root ganglion(DRG) neurons mobilize a pro-regenerative gene expression program,which facilitates axon outgrowth.
基金Under the auspices of Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.YQ2024D012),National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42071162,42101165,42501220)。
文摘Under the background of‘the Belt and Road’and‘China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor’initiatives,this paper studied the urban accessibility level,regional accessibility pattern and regional spatial effects along the Primorsky No.1 and No.2 transportation corridors.First,the evaluation of urban accessibility level with and without Primorsky No.1 and No.2 high-speed rails(HSRs)opening was conducted with two indicators,i.e.,the weighted average travel time,and the economic potential.After the evaluation,the spatial differentiation pattern of the accessibility changes with and without Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs opening was performed respectively using ArcGIS.On these bases,the regional spatial effects brought by Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs opening were studied.The results are as following.First,the urban accessibility level will be greatly improved by the opening of Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs.All adjacent cities will be integrated into‘1 h HSR communication circle’and the whole journey will be integrated into‘4 h HSR communication circle’along Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors,respectively.The HSR accessibility of Primorsky No.1 corridor is stronger than that of Primorsky No.2 corridor.But the HSR accessibility improvement degree of Primorsky No.1 corridor is weaker than that of Primorsky No.2 corridor.Second,spatially,along Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors,the HSR accessibility level of the cities which are located in China is stronger than those cities located in Russia,showing the‘High West,Low East’patterns.The HSR accessibility improvement degree of the cities which are located in Russia and Sino-Russian border is stronger than those cities located in China,showing the‘High East,Low West’patterns.Third,Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors could connect the China’s‘Heilongjiang Land Sea Silk Road Economic Belt’and‘Changchun-Jilin-Tumen Development Pilot Zone’respectively,gradually involving into the development of China’s Harbin-Changchun Megalopolis.Relying on Harbin(China)and Changchun(China),Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs could connect Northeast China-Beijing HSR,accelerating the diffusion of population,economy and other flows from China’s Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration to Northeast China,and then to Russia’s Far East Federal District.Relying on Suifenhe(China)and Hunchun(China),Primorsky No.1 and No.2 HSRs could be conducive to the development of the second largest sea channels for Northeast China,creating the Northeast Asian Urban Belt,and new sea-rail intermodal pattern among China,Russia,Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,Japan and Republic of Korea.Relying on Vladivostok(Russia)and Zarubino(Russia),Primorsky No.1 and No.2 corridors could connect the‘Ice Silk Road’,building the‘Sino-Russian Northern Maritime Corridor’and‘Sino-Russian Arctic Blue Economic Areas’.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2024YFB4405300 and 2022YFA1204300the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province under Grant 2023JJ20016+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants of 52221001 and 62090035the Key Research and Development Plan of Hunan Province under grants of 2022GK3002 and 2023GK2012the Key Program of Science and Technology Department of Hunan Province under grant of 2020XK2001。
文摘Permeable electronics promise improved physiological comfort,but remain constrained by limited functional integration and poor mechanical robustness.Here,we report a three-dimensional(3D)permeable electronic system that overcomes these challenges by combining electrospun SEBS nanofiber mats,high-resolution liquid metal conductors patterned via thermal imprinting(50μm),and a strain isolators(SIL)that protects vertical interconnects(VIAs)from stress concentration.This architecture achieves ultrahigh air permeability(>5.09 m L cm^(-2)min^(-1)),exceptional stretchability(750%fracture strain),and reliable conductivity maintained through more than 32,500 strain cycles.Leveraging these advances,we have integrated multilayer circuits,strain sensors,and a three-axis accelerometer to achieve a fully integrated,stretchable,permeable wireless real-time gesture recognition glove.The system enables accurate sign language interpretation(98%)and seamless robotic hand control,demonstrating its potential for assistive technologies.By uniting comfort,durability,and high-density integration,this work establishes a versatile platform for nextgeneration wearable electronics and interactive human-robot interfaces.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42001187,No.41701629。
文摘The spatial relationships between traffic accessibility and supply and demand(S&D)of ecosystem services(ESs)are essential for the formulation of ecological compensation policies and ESs regulation.In this study,an ESs matrix and coupling analysis method were used to assess ESs S&D based on land-use data for 2000,2010,and 2020,and spatial regression models were used to analyze the correlated impacts of traffic accessibility.The results showed that the ESs supply and balance index in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River urban agglomeration(MRYRUA)continuously decreased,while the demand index increased from 2000 to 2020.The Gini coefficients of these indices continued to increase but did not exceed the warning value(0.4).The coupling degree of ESs S&D continued to increase,and its spatial distribution patterns were similar to that of the ESs demand index,with significantly higher values in the plains than in the montane areas,contrasting with those of the ESs supply index.The results of global bivariate Moran’s I analysis showed a significant spatial dependence between traffic accessibility and the degree of coupling between ESs S&D;the spatial regression results showed that an increase in traffic accessibility promoted the coupling degree.The present results provide a new perspective on the relationship between traffic accessibility and the coupling degree of ESs S&D,representing a case study for similar future research in other regions,and a reference for policy creation based on the matching between ESs S&D in the MRYRUA.
基金This work was jointly supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[grant num-ber 2018YFB1600900]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 71601045].
文摘Accessibility is a representative indicator for evaluating the supply of bus system.Traditional studies have evaluated the accessibility from different aspects.Considering the interaction among land use,bus timetable arrangement and individual factors,a more holistic accessibility measurement is proposed to combine static and dynamic characteristics from multisource traffic data.The rationale of the proposed model is verified by a case study of bus system in Shenzhen,China,which is carried out to find the spatial and temporal discrepancy of service of bus system.It is found that the adjustment of bus schedule to time-varying travel demand can affect accessibility of bus system and that Land-use development,average bus speed and bus facilities all have positive effects on accessibility of bus system.These findings provide sig-nificant reference for transport planning and policy-making.The proposed model is not limited to accessibility measuring of bus system,but also applicable to other travel modes.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42001187,No.41701629。
文摘The continuous degradation of ecosystem services is an important challenge faced by the world.Improvements in transportation infrastructure have had substantial impacts on economic development and ecosystem services.Exploring the influence of traffic accessibility on ecosystem services can delay or stop their deterioration;however,studies on its impact are lacking.This study addresses this gap by analysing the impact of traffic accessibility on ecosystem services using an integrated spatial regression approach based on an evaluation of the ecosystem services value(ESV)and traffic accessibility in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Urban Agglomeration(MRYRUA)in China.The results indicated that the ESV in the MRYRUA continuously decreased during the study period,and the average ESV in plain areas,areas surrounding the core cities,and areas along the main traffic routes was significantly lower than that in areas along the Yangtze River and the surrounding mountainous areas.Traffic accessibility continued to increase during the study period,and the high-value areas centred on Wuhan,Changsha,Nanchang,and Yichang were radially distributed.The global bivariate spatial autocorrelation coefficient between the average ESV and traffic accessibility was negative.The average ESV and traffic accessibility exhibited significant spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity.Spatial regression also proved that there was a negative association between the average ESV and traffic accessibility,and scale effects were evident.The findings of this study have important policy implications for future ecological protection and transportation planning.
文摘The problem of accessibility of health institution, with respect to the available facility to serve the entire population leaving in an area, can be solved using GIS. This paper presents an analysis on accessibility of healthcare facilities in Enugu urban area in a GIS environment. This was achieved through acquisition of a base map of Enugu State showing geographic extent of Enugu Urban, determining the geometric positions of health institutions in Enugu urban using handheld GPS, Creation of a spatial database of existing healthcare facilities and demonstrating through various analyses the potentials of GIS in measurement of accessibility to healthcare facilities in Enugu urban Area. The analysis includes network analysis, used to determine the closeness of a facility and shortest route to these healthcare facilities. ARCGIS 9.3 was the main software used. This was supported by Geocal for coordinate conversion and Microsoft office packages. The result of the study showed the spatial distribution of health institutions, closest facilities in case of emergency and route to those health institutions within Enugu urban Area. It was noticed that most of the healthcare facilities were located within Enugu North local government area (LGA). Other settlements and LGAs had fewer healthcare facilities. Areas deprived of healthcare facility were also identified. Routes and closest facilities to those deprived areas were identified in the settlements/area. The analysis showed the efficacy of GIS in determining accessibility of healthcare institutions in Enugu urban area. The study is thus, recommended as a spatial decision support system for decisions regarding spatial accessibility of healthcare facilities in an urban area.
文摘Measuring and improving home care clinic resource volume and geographic allocation are an important public health issue regarding prolonging home care system usage among disabled elderly people. This study examined clinic volume and accessibility’s association with hospitalization duration among disabled elderly people in 13 municipalities in Japan;additionally, this study compared clinic volume and accessibility’s ability to explain hospitalization duration in this population. Home care clinics’ service volume and geographic accessibility were calculated for 17 municipalities using public data and geographic information systems. We analyzed medical claim data from October 2012;the sample included 22,662 persons who were aged ≥75 years, certified as disabled in daily living, and lived in 13 municipalities regarding which data could be obtained for all examined municipality characteristics. Multilevel logistic models with random intercepts were constructed for municipalities and individual- and municipality-level independent variables in order to examine home care clinic volume and accessibility’s correlation with hospitalization duration. Clinic volume ranged from 0 to 9.53 per 10,000 elderly people;clinic accessibility ranged from 0% to 83%. Clinic volume and accessibility were both significantly negatively correlated with hospitalization duration of ≥10 days (odds ratios, 0.944 and 0.713;confidence intervals, 0.914 - 0.974 and 0.553 - 0.921, respectively). Clinics were not homogeneously geographically distributed;clinic accessibility explained hospitalization duration better than clinic volume. Clinic accessibility may more accurately indicate care clinic allocation appropriateness than clinic volume.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23A20279,62271094)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.SQ2023YFB2500024)+2 种基金the Science Foundation for Youths of Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Provincial,China(No.2022NSFSC0936)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M720666)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligent Computing,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,China(No.BDIC-2023-B-002).
文摘This work focuses on maximizing the minimum user’s security energy efficiency(SEE)in an unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted reconfigurable intelligent surface(UAV-RIS)enhanced short-packet communication(SPC)system.The base station(BS)provides short packet services to ground users using the non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)protocol through UAV-RIS,while preventing eavesdropper attacks.To optimize SEE,a joint optimization is performed concerning power allocation,UAV position,decoding order,and RIS phase shifts.An iterative algorithm based on block coordinate descent is proposed for mixed-integer non-convex SEE optimization problem.The original problem is decomposed into three sub-problems,solved alternately using successive convex approximation(SCA),quadratic transformation,penalty function,and semi-definite programming(SDP).Simulation results demonstrate the performance of the UAV-RIS-enhanced short-packet system under different parameters and verify the algorithm’s convergence.Compared to benchmark schemes such as orthogonal multiple access,long packet communication,and sum SEE,the proposed UAV-RIS-enhanced short-packet scheme achieves the higher minimum user’s SEE.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of the State Grid Corporation of China,Grant number 5700-202223189A-1-1-ZN.
文摘Renewable Energy Systems(RES)provide a sustainable solution to climate warming and environmental pollution by enhancing stability and reliability through status acquisition and analysis on cloud platforms and intelligent processing on edge servers(ES).However,securely distributing encrypted data stored in the cloud to terminals that meet decryption requirements has become a prominent research topic.Additionally,managing attributes,including addition,deletion,and modification,is a crucial issue in the access control scheme for RES.To address these security concerns,a trust-based ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption(CP-ABE)device access control scheme is proposed for RES(TB-CP-ABE).This scheme effectivelymanages the distribution and control of encrypted data on the cloud through robust attribute key management.By introducing trust management mechanisms and outsourced decryption technology,the ES system can effectively assess and manage the trust worthiness of terminal devices,ensuring that only trusted devices can participate in data exchange and access sensitive information.Besides,the ES system dynamically evaluates trust scores to set decryption trust thresholds,thereby regulating device data access permissions and enhancing the system’s security.To validate the security of the proposed TB-CP-ABE against chosen plaintext attacks,a comprehensive formal security analysis is conducted using the widely accepted random oraclemodel under the decisional q-Bilinear Diffie-Hellman Exponent(q-BDHE)assumption.Finally,comparative analysis with other schemes demonstrates that the TB-CP-ABE scheme cuts energy/communication costs by 43%,and scaleswell with rising terminals,maintaining average latency below 50ms,ensuring real-time service feasibility.The proposed scheme not only provides newinsights for the secure management of RES but also lays a foundation for future secure energy solutions.
基金funded by the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42371433,U2443214)National Key Project of High-Resolution Earth Observation System of China(Grant No.80Y50G19900122/23)Foundation of Key Laboratory of Soil andWater Conservation on the Loess Plateau ofMinistry ofWater Resources(Grant No.WSCLP202301).
文摘Ensuring the provision of accessible,affordable,and high-quality public services to all individuals aligns with one of the paramount aims of the United Nations’Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).In the face of esca lating urbanization and a dwindling rural populace in China,reconstructing rural settlements to enhance public service accessibility has become a fundamental strategy for achieving the SDGs in rural areas.However,few stud ies have examined the optimal methods for rural settlement reconstruction that ensure accessible and equitable public services while considering multiple existing facilities and service provisions.This paper focuses on rural settlement reconstruction in the context of the SDGs,employing an inverted MCLP-CC(maximal coverage loca tion problem for complementary coverage)model to identify optimal rural settlements and a rank-based method for their relocation.Conducted in Changyuan,a county-level city in Henan Province,China,this study observed significant enhancements in both accessibility and equity following rural settlement reconstruction by utilizing the MH3SFCA(modified Huff 3-step floating catchment area)and the spatial Lorenz curve method.Remarkably,these improvements were achieved without the addition of new facilities,with the accessibility increasing by 44.21%,4.97%,and 3.11%;Gini coefficients decreasing by 19.53%,1.64%,and 3.18%;Ricci-Schutz coef-ficients decreasing by 21.09%,2.09%,and 4.33%for educational,medical,and cultural and sports facilities,respectively.It indicated that rural settlement reconstruction can bolster the accessibility and equity of public ser-vices by leveraging existing facilities.This paper provides a new framework for stakeholders to better reconstruct rural settlements and promote sustainable development in rural areas in China.
文摘Purpose–This paper investigates how high-speed rail(HSR)influences socioeconomic inequality by providing the first systematic bibliometric review of research trends,methodological approaches and thematic structures.It examines whether HSR fosters balanced regional development or reinforces spatial disparities.Design/methodology/approach–Using the Bibliometrix R package,237 records were retrieved from the Web of Science(1985–2024).Citation indicators,keyword co-occurrence and collaboration networks were combined with natural language processing(NLP)to classify studies by territorial scale,methodology,economic variables and inequality outcomes.Findings–The paper offers the first structured overview of how the literature conceptualizes the link between HSR and inequality.It highlights persistent gaps–scarcity of city-level analyses,limited socioeconomic indicators and reliance on Chinese case studies–providing a foundation for more comparative and interdisciplinary research.Originality/value–This paper contributes by offering a structured overview of how the literature has conceptualized and measured the relationship between HSR and inequality.By identifying persistent research gaps–such as the scarcity of city-level analyses,limited use of socioeconomic indicators,and overreliance on Chinese case studies–it provides a foundation for more comparative and interdisciplinary approaches.The study informs policymakers and researchers on how to design future infrastructure projects that balance efficiency with equity.
基金supported by the China National Health Development Rescarch Center Study on Total Health Insurance Package Payment and National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences,National Social Science Fund of China(17ZDA121)Tsinghua University Dushi Program(2024Z11DSZ001).
文摘Objective:The scarcity of healthcare resources and inadequate access to medical services in rural and remote areas are pervasive challenges many countries face,particularly in the developing world.Telemedicine,with its capacity to overcome geographical barriers and provide patients with real‐time medical services,has shown considerable potential in addressing these issues,attracting wide-spread attention.Compact medical communities and family doctor systems play important roles in improving healthcare accessibility.However,despite the critical nature of patients'perceptions of healthcare accessibility,research in this domain is sparse.This study aimed to explore the impact of telemedicine on rural residents'perceived healthcare accessibility in China,analyze the mechanisms underpinning this relationship,and elucidate the roles of compact medical communities and the family doctor system.Methods:Survey data from 3311 rural residents were analyzed using a probit model,instrumental variables,and subgroup regression analyses to ascertain causal effects,perform heterogeneity analysis,examine mechanisms,and ascertain the robustness of the findings.Results:Telemedicine significantly enhanced rural residents'perceived healthcare accessibility,with particularly notable benefits for those in sparsely populated areas,regions with high‐speed internet access,within the purview of compact healthcare consortiums,and those with access to family doctor services.Furthermore,telemedicine improved rural residents'perceived healthcare accessibility by encouraging the use of primary care services.Conclusion:Telemedicine in China has played a significant role in improving the perceived healthcare accessibility among rural residents and aiding in the reduction of disparities in accessibility across different demographic groups.This is consistent with the broader objective of achieving universal health coverage.However,the efficacy of telemedicine in enhancing healthcare accessibility is contingent upon certain preconditions.Policymakers must confront local infrastructure challenges,particularly regarding internet connectivity,when expanding telemedicine services to ensure their effective operation.The synergistic interaction observed between telemedicine,the family doctor system,and compact medical communities highlights the importance of integrating telemedicine into existing healthcare systems.Such integration could enhance collaboration with current healthcare frameworks,ensuring the provision of safe,accessible,and affordable healthcare services,and promoting the health and well‐being of local populations.
文摘Multicriteria Decision Analysis(MCDA)has been integrated with GIS modelling by many studies to aid the decision-making process.This integration enhances modelling by incorporating spatial relationships and using advanced techniques,including the combination of Frequency Ratio(FR)and Analytical Hierarchical Process(AHP),also known as FR-AHP.Although methods like Two-Steps Floating Catchment Area(2SFCA),AHP,and FR are widely applied in measuring accessibility,they have limitations in terms of threshold sensitivity and subjectivity.Hence,this study used FR-AHP,which combines the data-driven strength of FR and the structured decision-making technique of AHP to provide a more reliable evaluation of spatial accessibility.This study aims to integrate FR-AHP with GIS to derive campus spatial accessibility in Shah Alam.Campus spatial accessibility can be measured by using location and distance between origin and destination,topological accessibility for nodes and paths,and contiguous accessibility for surfaces.Understanding these concepts is crucial for determining the appropriate technique.This study utilizedMCDA,GIS-basedFR,andAHPmethods tomodel spatial accessibility in activemobility andpublic transport areas,calculating estimation index values and analyzing comparisons between physical factors.A sample survey was conducted among the university’s students to gather information on their origin and destination,as well as the type of transportation used by students.The data were used in calculating the weightage of each physical factor using the FR-AHP method.Then,the Campus Spatial Accessibility Index(CSAI)was determined by using GIS IndexModelling.By using the model,the index was classified into five(5)classes from Very Low to Very High.The results show that Section 2 has the highest accessibility,while the area with the lowest accessibility index is Jalan Zamrud and Jalan Permata,located in Section 7.To analyze the efficiency of FR-AHP,the CSAI was also derived using theweightage derived fromFR only.The comparisons revealed that the results derived using FR-AHP are closer to reality than those derived using FR only,as it incorporates human preferences in accessibility.Hence,the findings suggest that the integration of FR-AHP could provide better CSAI than FR only.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou,No.2024A03J0102the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province for Distinguished Young Scholar,No.2022B1515020024+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82070574the Key Research and Development Program of Guangzhou,No.2023B03J1298.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is notorious for its aggressive progression and dismal prognosis,with chromatin accessibility dynamics emerging as pivotal yet poorly understood drivers.AIM To dissect how multilayered chromatin regulation sustains oncogenic transcription and tumor-stroma crosstalk in HCC,we combined multiomics single cell analysis.METHODS We integrated single-cell RNA sequencing and paired single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing data of HCC samples,complemented by bulk RNA sequencing validation across The Cancer Genome Atlas,Liver Cancer Institute,and GSE25907 cohorts.Cell type-specific chromatin architectures were resolved via ArchR,with regulatory hubs identified through peak-to-gene linkages and coaccessibility networks.Functional validation employed A485-mediated histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation suppression and small interfering RNA targeting DGAT1.RESULTS Malignant hepatocytes exhibited expanded chromatin accessibility profiles,characterized by increased numbers of accessible peaks and larger physical regions despite reduced peak intensity.Enhancer-like peaks enriched in malignant regulation,forming long-range hubs.Eighteen enhancer-like peak-related genes showed tumor-specific overexpression and diagnostic accuracy,correlating with poor prognosis.Intercellular coaccessibility analysis revealed tumor-stroma symbiosis via shared chromatin states.Pharmacological histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation inhibition paradoxically downregulated DGAT1,the hub gene most strongly regulated by chromatin accessibility.DGAT1 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation.CONCLUSION Multilayered chromatin reprogramming sustains HCC progression through tumor-stroma crosstalk and DGAT1-related oncogenic transcription,defining targetable epigenetic vulnerabilities.
文摘Since the 1970s,a series of international and national sources have supported the principle of accessibility,which slowly has become a statuary norm and a legislative obligation.Each country has implemented accessibility through a singular policy.But in addition to the accessibility of a place or an activity,to inform about what is accessible is very important as well,and has not really taken off.Indeed,for disabled people,the difficulty lies not only with access to places and the use of resources,but also with the visibility of these resources.This means that information concerning accessibility has to be disclosed and provided effectively to disabled people,those involved with them and the relevant institutions.In different countries all over the world,many labels and pictograms have been created for this purpose and give information relating to accessibility.Using a socio-historical approach,we will present and analyze the different types of icons,symbols,pictograms and labels that have been put in place around the world and in France:what are they used for and for whom are they made?We will show that they are pointers which firstly reflect the diversity and range within the target group concerned by accessibility,and secondly the evolution of accessibility as a dynamic and ecological principle.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grants 61771255in part by the Provincial and Ministerial Key Laboratory Open Project under grant 20190904in part by the Key Technologies R&D Program of Jiangsu (Prospective and Key Technologies for Industry)under Grants BE2022067,BE2022067-1 and BE2022067-2。
文摘High reliability applications in dense access scenarios have become one of the main goals of 6G environments.To solve the access collision of dense Machine Type Communication(MTC)devices in cell-free communication systems,an intelligent cooperative secure access scheme based on multi-agent reinforcement learning and federated learning is proposed,that is,the Preamble Slice Orderly Queue Access(PSOQA)scheme.In this scheme,the preamble arrangement is combined with the access control.The preamble arrangement is realized by preamble slices which is from the virtual preamble pool.The access devices learn to queue orderly by deep reinforcement learning.The orderly queue weakens the random and avoids collision.A preamble slice is assigned to an orderly access queue at each access time.The orderly queue is determined by interaction information among multiple agents.With the federated reinforcement learning framework,the PSOQA scheme is implemented to guarantee the privacy and security of agents.Finally,the access performance of PSOQA is compared with other random contention schemes in different load scenarios.Simulation results show that PSOQA can not only improve the access success rate but also guarantee low-latency tolerant performances.
文摘This study analyzes the spatial accessibility of key services in Caen,France,focusing on how different transport modes(car,bicycle,and public transit)influence access to essential services across the urban and suburban landscape.Indeed,the introduction of traffic restrictions in towns with low emission zones encourages a detailed study,on a fine spatial scale,of the differences in accessibility between different modes of transport,for different services and for different journey times.Using spatial analysis techniques,we examine accessibility patterns in relation to services such as shops,healthcare,education,and tourism,highlighting significant disparities between transport modes.The findings reveal that car travel provides the highest accessibility across all service categories,particularly for healthcare and recreational services,while bicycle and public transit accessibility is more limited,especially in peripheral areas.A Principal Component Analysis(PCA)synthesizes the multimodal accessibility data,and hierarchical clustering identifies distinct patterns of accessibility using different transport modes across the city.The study further explores temporal trends in accessibility,showing how different modes perform over varying travel times.Based on these findings,we propose targeted policy interventions aimed at improving public transit,enhancing cycling infrastructure,decentralizing essential services,and promoting mixed-use urban development.Future research directions include examining socio-economic disparities,the impact of emerging mobility technologies,and the environmental implications of accessibility patterns.This research provides valuable insights for urban planners seeking to improve mobility equity and sustainability in urban areas.
