The eco-adaptation of the landscape in Hani villages consists of two stages.The first stage is the ecological selection and adaptation of the landscapes in Hani villages to the natural environment.The forest landscape...The eco-adaptation of the landscape in Hani villages consists of two stages.The first stage is the ecological selection and adaptation of the landscapes in Hani villages to the natural environment.The forest landscape ecosystem,the architectural landscape ecosystem,and the terraced landscape ecosystem are the concentrated manifestations of meeting production and living needs,adapting to topographic changes,and adapting to climate features.The second stage is the adjustment and improvement of the landscape in Hani villages to the built environment.It is embodied in the establishment of the Mysterious Woods,abundance of plants in the building group,construction of artificial ditches,production of water infrastructures,and abundance of landscape nodes.In the end,Hani villages have experienced a long process of selection,adaptation,improvement and perfection,and gradually formed a harmonious and unified landscape ecosystem.Through field investigation,this paper analyzed the landscapes of Hani villages from the angle of ecological adaptability.It mainly studied the formation causes of the village landscapes as a material carrier,the process of village landscape adapting to natural and built environment,and the inherent ecological significance,which is of imperative and realistic significance to promote the ecological protection and construction of Hani villages.展开更多
Three rice landraces that have been continuously cultivated in Yuanyang County for hundreds of years by the local Hani people and three modern varieties cultivated in this area for 3-5 years were comparative tested on...Three rice landraces that have been continuously cultivated in Yuanyang County for hundreds of years by the local Hani people and three modern varieties cultivated in this area for 3-5 years were comparative tested on seven major agronomic characteristics at six different altitudes in the Yuanyang paddy field. The results indicated that agronomic characteristics of the landrace varieties, such as plant height, panicle length and number of effective panicles of landraces had no significant difference at different altitudes, whereas, those agronomic traits fluctuated in the modern varieties. In the Yuanyang terrace area, the Yuanyang landraces showed greater diversity in phenotype and better adaptation compared to the modern varieties.展开更多
As a contribution to a long-term evaluation of the sustainability of agro-ecosystems in the Yuanyang rice terraces, this paper reviews the bio-physical environment of the terraced landscape in a small catchment around...As a contribution to a long-term evaluation of the sustainability of agro-ecosystems in the Yuanyang rice terraces, this paper reviews the bio-physical environment of the terraced landscape in a small catchment around Qingkou village and assesses soil fertility in the village crop growing area. A soil- landscape organization pattern was developed using a geomorphopedological approach. Anthropogenic, climatic and topographic factors were identified as the main soil forming factors. Soil capability and associated edaphic constraints were assessed and the main soil types were identified and classified using FAO protocols. Spatial patterns of soil fertility appear quite homogeneous. Soils are acid and cation exchange capacity and nutrient reserves are generally low. The agro-ecosystem has largely been developed by the Hani population. This agro-ecosystem has succeeded in maintaining a relatively dynamic nutrient circulation system. Current research is focusing on： （i） the evaluation of the representativeness of the studied area compared to the whole terraced system in the Yuanyang terraced landscape; （ii） measurements of nutrients flows at the field scale; （iii） the effects of soil properties on crop yields; and （iv） up-scaling field levels results to larger spatial units.展开更多
大田原位种植元阳梯田2个地方水稻品种——白脚老粳和月亮谷,研究2年不同强度（0、2.5、5.0和7.5 k J·m^-2）UV-B辐射对水稻穗下第1至第4节的茎秆性状（节间长、茎秆粗和茎壁厚）和倒伏指数的影响.结果表明：增强UV-B辐射对水稻茎...大田原位种植元阳梯田2个地方水稻品种——白脚老粳和月亮谷,研究2年不同强度（0、2.5、5.0和7.5 k J·m^-2）UV-B辐射对水稻穗下第1至第4节的茎秆性状（节间长、茎秆粗和茎壁厚）和倒伏指数的影响.结果表明：增强UV-B辐射对水稻茎秆的节间长和茎秆粗没有显著影响,但导致茎壁厚度显著减小,其中,7.5 k J·m^-2UV-B辐射对水稻穗下第4节茎秆茎壁厚度的影响较大,降幅为11.6%-19.6%;增强UV-B辐射导致水稻茎秆的倒伏指数增加,增大水稻倒伏的风险,水稻穗下第4节茎秆倒伏指数最大,并大于倒伏临界值（200）;水稻穗下第4节、第3节和第2节茎秆的倒伏指数与茎壁厚度呈显著负相关.表明增强UV-B辐射显著减小元阳梯田水稻茎秆的茎壁厚是增加其倒伏风险的主要原因.展开更多
基金Sponsored by National Social Science Fund Project“Study on the Ecological Protection and Sustainable Development of the Ethnic Villages in the Southwest China in the Context of Urbanization”(15XMZ089)
文摘The eco-adaptation of the landscape in Hani villages consists of two stages.The first stage is the ecological selection and adaptation of the landscapes in Hani villages to the natural environment.The forest landscape ecosystem,the architectural landscape ecosystem,and the terraced landscape ecosystem are the concentrated manifestations of meeting production and living needs,adapting to topographic changes,and adapting to climate features.The second stage is the adjustment and improvement of the landscape in Hani villages to the built environment.It is embodied in the establishment of the Mysterious Woods,abundance of plants in the building group,construction of artificial ditches,production of water infrastructures,and abundance of landscape nodes.In the end,Hani villages have experienced a long process of selection,adaptation,improvement and perfection,and gradually formed a harmonious and unified landscape ecosystem.Through field investigation,this paper analyzed the landscapes of Hani villages from the angle of ecological adaptability.It mainly studied the formation causes of the village landscapes as a material carrier,the process of village landscape adapting to natural and built environment,and the inherent ecological significance,which is of imperative and realistic significance to promote the ecological protection and construction of Hani villages.
基金this work was supported by the National Basic Research Program (No. 2011CB100400)
文摘Three rice landraces that have been continuously cultivated in Yuanyang County for hundreds of years by the local Hani people and three modern varieties cultivated in this area for 3-5 years were comparative tested on seven major agronomic characteristics at six different altitudes in the Yuanyang paddy field. The results indicated that agronomic characteristics of the landrace varieties, such as plant height, panicle length and number of effective panicles of landraces had no significant difference at different altitudes, whereas, those agronomic traits fluctuated in the modern varieties. In the Yuanyang terrace area, the Yuanyang landraces showed greater diversity in phenotype and better adaptation compared to the modern varieties.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program (No.2011CB100400)
文摘As a contribution to a long-term evaluation of the sustainability of agro-ecosystems in the Yuanyang rice terraces, this paper reviews the bio-physical environment of the terraced landscape in a small catchment around Qingkou village and assesses soil fertility in the village crop growing area. A soil- landscape organization pattern was developed using a geomorphopedological approach. Anthropogenic, climatic and topographic factors were identified as the main soil forming factors. Soil capability and associated edaphic constraints were assessed and the main soil types were identified and classified using FAO protocols. Spatial patterns of soil fertility appear quite homogeneous. Soils are acid and cation exchange capacity and nutrient reserves are generally low. The agro-ecosystem has largely been developed by the Hani population. This agro-ecosystem has succeeded in maintaining a relatively dynamic nutrient circulation system. Current research is focusing on： （i） the evaluation of the representativeness of the studied area compared to the whole terraced system in the Yuanyang terraced landscape; （ii） measurements of nutrients flows at the field scale; （iii） the effects of soil properties on crop yields; and （iv） up-scaling field levels results to larger spatial units.
文摘大田原位种植元阳梯田2个地方水稻品种——白脚老粳和月亮谷,研究2年不同强度（0、2.5、5.0和7.5 k J·m^-2）UV-B辐射对水稻穗下第1至第4节的茎秆性状（节间长、茎秆粗和茎壁厚）和倒伏指数的影响.结果表明：增强UV-B辐射对水稻茎秆的节间长和茎秆粗没有显著影响,但导致茎壁厚度显著减小,其中,7.5 k J·m^-2UV-B辐射对水稻穗下第4节茎秆茎壁厚度的影响较大,降幅为11.6%-19.6%;增强UV-B辐射导致水稻茎秆的倒伏指数增加,增大水稻倒伏的风险,水稻穗下第4节茎秆倒伏指数最大,并大于倒伏临界值（200）;水稻穗下第4节、第3节和第2节茎秆的倒伏指数与茎壁厚度呈显著负相关.表明增强UV-B辐射显著减小元阳梯田水稻茎秆的茎壁厚是增加其倒伏风险的主要原因.
