Achieving room-temperature superconductivity has been an enduring scientific quest,while hydrogen-rich compounds have emerged as highly promising candidates.Here,we systematically investigated the thermodynamic stabil...Achieving room-temperature superconductivity has been an enduring scientific quest,while hydrogen-rich compounds have emerged as highly promising candidates.Here,we systematically investigated the thermodynamic stability,crystal structure,electronic properties,and superconductivity within the ternary Y-Hf-H system under high pressure.Several distinct hydrides have been revealed,in which the hydrogen atoms are present in various hydrogenic motifs.A15-type hydride P_(m)3-YHfH_(6)with isolated H−is predicted to be dynamically stabilized down to 10GPa.The H atoms form pentagonal graphene-like layered-H10 anions in the Hf plane of P6-YHfH_(19),with aT_(c)of 95K at 100GPa.There are H cages in C_(mmm)-Y_(3)HfH_(24),and attributed to the robust electron–phonon coupling and high electronic density of states of hydrogen at the Fermi level,it demonstrates near-room temperature superconductivity with a T_(c)of 275K at 250GPa.Our work makes contributions to the understanding of the fundamental properties of ternary hydrides under high pressure and provides essential references for further research in this field.展开更多
It is of great importance to explore sustainable and eco-friendly recycling strategies for spent Li-ion batteries(LIBs).As such,the closed-loop resynthesis of LiNi_(x)CoyMn_(z)O_(2)(NCM)becomes recently popular as exe...It is of great importance to explore sustainable and eco-friendly recycling strategies for spent Li-ion batteries(LIBs).As such,the closed-loop resynthesis of LiNi_(x)CoyMn_(z)O_(2)(NCM)becomes recently popular as exemplified by the commercialization of low-and mid-Ni content NCM(33%-60%).However,there has been suspicion as to the successful deployment of Ni-rich NCM resynthesis process.Therefore,we systematically increase the Ni content of NCM from 60%to 90%from the industrial leachate of spent LIBs containing various metallic and nonmetallic impurities.The utilization rate of the leachate decreases from 71.8 mol%for NCM622 to 18.0 mol%for NCM955 as the Ni content in the NCM composition increases with the Co recycling rate being 100%in all resynthesized NCM(RNCM).The physicochemical and electrochemical properties of RNCM are systematically compared with its pristine NCM counterparts.As a result,various physicochemical properties of RNCM including impurity content,crystallographic information,morphology,particle size,porosity,specific surface area,elemental distribution,residual lithium compounds,and thermal stability are correlated with its electrochemical properties.It is found out that Al is the most critical impurity that determines the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of RNCM.It is noteworthy that RNCM955 prepared from spent LIBs without any purification step surpasses NCM955 in terms of rate and cycle performance.Further,this resynthesis approach toward Nirich NCM could meet the forthcoming 2031 EU's legislative target on the mandatory minimum recycling usage of valuable metals from spent LIBs.The anode active material was resynthesized using industrial leachate as the maximum.The amount of leachate used and the amount of impurities were proportional.展开更多
La-Mg-Ni-based hydrogen storage alloys with superlattice structures are the new generation anode material for nickel metal hydride(Ni-MH)batteries owing to the advantages of high capacity and exceptional activation pr...La-Mg-Ni-based hydrogen storage alloys with superlattice structures are the new generation anode material for nickel metal hydride(Ni-MH)batteries owing to the advantages of high capacity and exceptional activation properties.However,the cycling stability is not currently satisfactory enough which plagues its application.Herein,a strategy of partially substituting La with the Y element is proposed to boost the capacity durability of La-Mg-Ni-based alloys.Furthermore,phase structure regulation is implemented simultaneously to obtain the A5 B19-type alloy with good crystal stability specifically.It is found that Y promotes the phase formation of the Pr5 Co19-type phase after annealing at 985℃.The alloy containing Y contributes to the superior rate capability resulting from the promoted hydrogen diffusion rate.Notably,Y substitution enables strengthening the anti-pulverization ability of the alloy in terms of increasing the volume match between[A_(2)B_(4)]and[AB5]subunits,and effectively enhances the anti-corrosion ability of the alloy due to high electronegativity,realizing improved long-term cycling stability of the alloy from 74.2%to 78.5%after cycling 300 times.The work is expected to shed light on the composition and structure design of the La-Mg-Ni-based hydrogen storage alloy for Ni-MH batteries.展开更多
The diagnosis and opportunity for endoscopic therapy of gastric or duodenal lesions may be missed at esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD) because of technical difficulty in intubating at EGD the postoperatively excluded st...The diagnosis and opportunity for endoscopic therapy of gastric or duodenal lesions may be missed at esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD) because of technical difficulty in intubating at EGD the postoperatively excluded stomach and proximal duodenum in patients status post Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB). Two cases are reported of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding 10 or 11 years status postRYGB, performed for morbid obesity, in which the EGD was non-diagnostic due to failure to intubate the excluded stomach and proximal duodenum, whereas subsequent push enteroscopy or single balloon enteroscopy were diagnostic and revealed 4-cm-wide or 5-mm-wide bulbar ulcers and even permitted application of endoscopic therapy. These case reports suggest consideration of push enteroscopy, or single balloon enteroscopy, where available, in the endoscopic evaluation of acute UGI bleeding in patients status post RYGB surgery when the EGD was non-diagnostic because of failure to intubate these excluded segments.展开更多
The superplasticity of the Mg−8.59Gd−3.85Y−1.14Zn−0.49Zr alloy was investigated before and after multi-directional forging(MDF)and the mechanisms affecting superplastic deformation were analyzed.The results indicate t...The superplasticity of the Mg−8.59Gd−3.85Y−1.14Zn−0.49Zr alloy was investigated before and after multi-directional forging(MDF)and the mechanisms affecting superplastic deformation were analyzed.The results indicate that after MDF at a temperature of 350℃and strain rates of 0.1 and 0.01 s^(−1)(1-MDFed and 2-MDFed),the superplasticity of the alloy can be significantly improved.The elongations of the MDFed alloys exceed 400%under the strain rate of 6.06×10^(−4)s^(−1)and temperatures of 350,375,and 400℃,and reach the maximum values of 766%(1-MDFed)and 693%(2-MDFed)at 375℃.The grain boundary sliding of the MDFed alloy is sufficient,and the energy barrier of deformation decreases.Theβphase limits the grain growth and promotes dynamic recrystallization,maintaining the stability of the fine-grained structure during superplastic deformation.Several Y-rich phases nucleate in the high-strain region(i.e.,the final fracture region)at high temperatures,accelerating the fracture of the specimen.展开更多
Exogenous neuropeptide Y has antiepileptic effects; however, the underlying mechanism and optimal administration method for neuropeptide Y are still unresolved. Previous studies have used intracerebroventricular injec...Exogenous neuropeptide Y has antiepileptic effects; however, the underlying mechanism and optimal administration method for neuropeptide Y are still unresolved. Previous studies have used intracerebroventricular injection of neuropeptide Y into animal models of epilepsy. In this study, a recombinant adeno-associated virus expression vector carrying the neuropeptide Y gene was injected into the lateral ventricle of rats, while the ipsilateral hippocampus was injected with kainic acid to establish the epileptic model. After transfection of neuropeptide Y gene, mossy fiber sprouting in the hippocampal CA3 region of epileptic rats was significantly suppressed, hippocampal synaptophysin （p38） mRNA and protein expression were inhibited, and epileptic seizures were reduced. These experimental findings indicate that a recombinant adeno-associated virus expression vector carrying the neuropeptide Y gene reduces mossy fiber sprouting and inhibits abnormal synaptophysin expression, thereby suppressing post-epileptic synaptic reconstruction.展开更多
Purpose–This paper aims to offer a novel viewpoint for improving performance and reliability by developing and optimizing suspension components in a Y25 bogie through material optimization based on wheel–rail intera...Purpose–This paper aims to offer a novel viewpoint for improving performance and reliability by developing and optimizing suspension components in a Y25 bogie through material optimization based on wheel–rail interactions under variable load and track conditions.Design/methodology/approach–The suspension system,a critical component ensuring adaptation to road and load conditions in all vehicle types,is especially vital in heavy freight and passenger trains.In this context,the suspension set of the Y25 bogie–commonly used in T€urkiye and Europe–was modelled using CATIAV5,and stress analyses have been performed by way of ANSYS using the finite element analysis(FEA)method.E300-520-M cast steel was selected for the bogie frame,while two different spring steels,61SiCr7 and 51CrV4,were considered for the suspension springs.The modeled system was subjected to numerical analysis under loading conditions.The resulting stresses and displacements were compared with the mechanical properties of the selected materials to validate the design.Findings–The results demonstrate that the mechanical strength and deformation characteristics of the suspension components vary according to the applied external loads.The stress and displacement responses of the system were found to be within the allowable limits of the selected materials,confirming the structural integrity and reliability of the design.The suspension set is deemed suitable for the prescribed material and environmental conditions,suggesting potential for practical application in real-world rail systems.Originality/value–This research contributes to the design and optimization of bogie suspension systems using advanced CAD/CAE tools.It thinks that the material selection and numerical validation approach presented here can guide future designs in heavy load rail applications and potentially improve both safety and performance.展开更多
Y chromosome microdeletions are an important cause of male infertility.At present,research on the Y chromosome is mainly focused on analyzing the loss of large segments of the azoospermia factor a/b/c(AZFa/b/c)gene,an...Y chromosome microdeletions are an important cause of male infertility.At present,research on the Y chromosome is mainly focused on analyzing the loss of large segments of the azoospermia factor a/b/c(AZFa/b/c)gene,and few studies have reported the impact of unit point deletion in the AZF band on fertility.This study analyzed the effect of sperm quality after sY1192 loss in 116 patients.The sY1192-independent deletion accounted for 41.4%(48/116).Eight patterns were found in the deletions associated with sY1192.The rate of sperm detection was similar in the semen of patients with the independent sY1192 deletion and the combined sY1192 deletions(52.1%vs 50.0%).The patients with only sY1192 gene loss had a higher probability of sperm detection than the patients whose sY1192 gene locus existed,but other gene loci were lost(52.1%vs 32.0%).The hormone levels were similar in patients with sY1192 deletion alone and in those with sY1192 deletion and other types of microdeletions in the presence of the sY1192 locus.After multiple intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)attempts,the pregnancy rate of spouses of men with sY1192-independent deletions was similar to that of other types of microdeletions,but the fertilization and cleavage rates were higher.We observed that eight deletion patterns were observed for sY1192 microdeletions of AZFb/c,dominated by the independent deletion of sY1192.After ICSI,the fertilization rate and cleavage rate of the sY1192-independent microdeletion were higher than those of other Y chromosome microdeletion types,but there was no significant difference in pregnancy outcomes.展开更多
Ternary hydrides, with their superior chemical and structural flexibility over binary systems, open up new avenues for advancing high-performance superconductor research. The Y-Ca-H system is a promising candidate for...Ternary hydrides, with their superior chemical and structural flexibility over binary systems, open up new avenues for advancing high-performance superconductor research. The Y-Ca-H system is a promising candidate for high-temperature superconductors, as both Im3m YH_(6) and Im3m CaH_(6) exhibit similar structures and excellent superconducting properties, while Y and Ca atoms possess close atomic radii and electronegativities.Here, we report the successful synthesis of Im3m(Y, Ca)H_(6) achieving a maximum superconducting transition temperature(T_(c)) approximately 224 K at 155 GPa through five independent high-temperature and high-pressure experiments. Remarkably, the T_(c) of Im3m(Y, Ca)H_(6) remains highly stable(ΔT_(c) ≤ 1 K) during decompression between 148 and 165 GPa, significantly outperforming binary Im3m CaH_(6) and Im3m YH_(6). The enhanced superconducting properties may stem from the cooperative chemical template effect of Y and Ca atoms near the s-d border, which significantly reinforces H lattice stability and thus maintains superior superconductivity.This study highlights the potential of multicomponent cooperative effects in designing hydride superconductors,offering new insights for achieving high-T_(c) hydrides at lower pressures in the future.展开更多
BACKGROUND Tendon tissue engineering requires biomimetic scaffolds and mechanical cues to direct mesenchymal stem cell differentiation toward tenogenic lineages.Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs),aligne...BACKGROUND Tendon tissue engineering requires biomimetic scaffolds and mechanical cues to direct mesenchymal stem cell differentiation toward tenogenic lineages.Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs),aligned nanofiber scaffolds,and cyclic uniaxial stretching can be used to create a functional engineered ligament tissue.AIM To investigate the effects of aligned nanofiber scaffolds and cyclic stretch on BMSC tenogenesis for ligament engineering.METHODS BMSCs were cultured on aligned and random poly-lactic acid nanofiber scaffolds under static and cyclic tensile conditions(0.5 Hz,2%strain,2 hours/day)for 7 days using a mechanical loading system(CFILLOAD-300).The Ras homolog gene family(Rho)-associated coiled coil-containing kinase(ROCK)inhibitor Y27632 was applied to explore its role in tenogenic differentiation.Scaffold morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy,while cell morphology,viability,and alignment were evaluated via confocal microscopy with F-actin and 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining.Tenogenic gene expression(collagen type I alpha 2,collagen type III alpha 1,tenascin C,and tenomodulin)was quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction,and ligament-related protein levels(collagen I,collagen III,tenascin C,and tenomodulin)were analyzed by western blot.RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy revealed that aligned scaffolds provided consistent directional structure,whereas random scaffolds displayed a disordered fiber arrangement.Confocal microscopy showed that under static conditions,BMSCs on aligned scaffolds grew parallel to fiber alignment,while those on random scaffolds grew randomly.Under cyclic tensile strain,BMSCs on both scaffold types exhibited elongation along the direction of strain,adopting a spindle-shaped morphology.Cyclic uniaxial strain enhanced cell viability and metabolic activity based on CCK-8 assay results and upregulated ligament-specific gene and protein expression on aligned scaffolds compared to static conditions.BMSCs on aligned scaffolds under tensile strain showed the highest expression of tenogenic markers,suggesting a synergistic effect of scaffold alignment and mechanical loading.ROCK inhibition with Y27632 upregulated alternative signaling pathways(focal adhesion kinase and runt-related transcription factor 2),further promoting tenogenic differentiation.CONCLUSION Aligned nanofiber scaffolds combined with cyclic tensile strain provide an optimal environment for guiding BMSC differentiation toward ligamentous lineages,as assessed by increased expression of ligament-specific markers.Mechanical stimulation(uniaxial stretching)significantly influences BMSC tenogenic differentiation,and the combined use of aligned nanofibers and tensile strain further enhances this effect.The ROCK pathway plays a regulatory role in this process,though its precise mechanisms require further investigation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52072188,12122405,and 12274169)Program for Science and Technology Innovation Team in Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.2021R01004)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.LQ24A040001)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City,China(Grant No.2024J200)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang(Grant No.SJLY2023003)。
文摘Achieving room-temperature superconductivity has been an enduring scientific quest,while hydrogen-rich compounds have emerged as highly promising candidates.Here,we systematically investigated the thermodynamic stability,crystal structure,electronic properties,and superconductivity within the ternary Y-Hf-H system under high pressure.Several distinct hydrides have been revealed,in which the hydrogen atoms are present in various hydrogenic motifs.A15-type hydride P_(m)3-YHfH_(6)with isolated H−is predicted to be dynamically stabilized down to 10GPa.The H atoms form pentagonal graphene-like layered-H10 anions in the Hf plane of P6-YHfH_(19),with aT_(c)of 95K at 100GPa.There are H cages in C_(mmm)-Y_(3)HfH_(24),and attributed to the robust electron–phonon coupling and high electronic density of states of hydrogen at the Fermi level,it demonstrates near-room temperature superconductivity with a T_(c)of 275K at 250GPa.Our work makes contributions to the understanding of the fundamental properties of ternary hydrides under high pressure and provides essential references for further research in this field.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(RS-2023-00254424)by the ITRC(Information Technology Research Center)support program(IITP-2024-RS-2024-00437494)supervised by the IITP(Institute for Information&Communications Technology Planning&Evaluation)funded by the MSIT(Ministry of Science and ICT),Korea。
文摘It is of great importance to explore sustainable and eco-friendly recycling strategies for spent Li-ion batteries(LIBs).As such,the closed-loop resynthesis of LiNi_(x)CoyMn_(z)O_(2)(NCM)becomes recently popular as exemplified by the commercialization of low-and mid-Ni content NCM(33%-60%).However,there has been suspicion as to the successful deployment of Ni-rich NCM resynthesis process.Therefore,we systematically increase the Ni content of NCM from 60%to 90%from the industrial leachate of spent LIBs containing various metallic and nonmetallic impurities.The utilization rate of the leachate decreases from 71.8 mol%for NCM622 to 18.0 mol%for NCM955 as the Ni content in the NCM composition increases with the Co recycling rate being 100%in all resynthesized NCM(RNCM).The physicochemical and electrochemical properties of RNCM are systematically compared with its pristine NCM counterparts.As a result,various physicochemical properties of RNCM including impurity content,crystallographic information,morphology,particle size,porosity,specific surface area,elemental distribution,residual lithium compounds,and thermal stability are correlated with its electrochemical properties.It is found out that Al is the most critical impurity that determines the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of RNCM.It is noteworthy that RNCM955 prepared from spent LIBs without any purification step surpasses NCM955 in terms of rate and cycle performance.Further,this resynthesis approach toward Nirich NCM could meet the forthcoming 2031 EU's legislative target on the mandatory minimum recycling usage of valuable metals from spent LIBs.The anode active material was resynthesized using industrial leachate as the maximum.The amount of leachate used and the amount of impurities were proportional.
基金the financial support by the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52201282,52071281,52371239)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M742945)+4 种基金Hebei Provincial Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.B2023003023)the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(No.BJK2022033)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.C2022203003)the Inner Mongolia Science and Technology Major Project(No.2020ZD0012)the Baotou Science and Technology Planning Project(No.XM2022BT09).
文摘La-Mg-Ni-based hydrogen storage alloys with superlattice structures are the new generation anode material for nickel metal hydride(Ni-MH)batteries owing to the advantages of high capacity and exceptional activation properties.However,the cycling stability is not currently satisfactory enough which plagues its application.Herein,a strategy of partially substituting La with the Y element is proposed to boost the capacity durability of La-Mg-Ni-based alloys.Furthermore,phase structure regulation is implemented simultaneously to obtain the A5 B19-type alloy with good crystal stability specifically.It is found that Y promotes the phase formation of the Pr5 Co19-type phase after annealing at 985℃.The alloy containing Y contributes to the superior rate capability resulting from the promoted hydrogen diffusion rate.Notably,Y substitution enables strengthening the anti-pulverization ability of the alloy in terms of increasing the volume match between[A_(2)B_(4)]and[AB5]subunits,and effectively enhances the anti-corrosion ability of the alloy due to high electronegativity,realizing improved long-term cycling stability of the alloy from 74.2%to 78.5%after cycling 300 times.The work is expected to shed light on the composition and structure design of the La-Mg-Ni-based hydrogen storage alloy for Ni-MH batteries.
文摘The diagnosis and opportunity for endoscopic therapy of gastric or duodenal lesions may be missed at esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD) because of technical difficulty in intubating at EGD the postoperatively excluded stomach and proximal duodenum in patients status post Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB). Two cases are reported of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding 10 or 11 years status postRYGB, performed for morbid obesity, in which the EGD was non-diagnostic due to failure to intubate the excluded stomach and proximal duodenum, whereas subsequent push enteroscopy or single balloon enteroscopy were diagnostic and revealed 4-cm-wide or 5-mm-wide bulbar ulcers and even permitted application of endoscopic therapy. These case reports suggest consideration of push enteroscopy, or single balloon enteroscopy, where available, in the endoscopic evaluation of acute UGI bleeding in patients status post RYGB surgery when the EGD was non-diagnostic because of failure to intubate these excluded segments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52127808)。
文摘The superplasticity of the Mg−8.59Gd−3.85Y−1.14Zn−0.49Zr alloy was investigated before and after multi-directional forging(MDF)and the mechanisms affecting superplastic deformation were analyzed.The results indicate that after MDF at a temperature of 350℃and strain rates of 0.1 and 0.01 s^(−1)(1-MDFed and 2-MDFed),the superplasticity of the alloy can be significantly improved.The elongations of the MDFed alloys exceed 400%under the strain rate of 6.06×10^(−4)s^(−1)and temperatures of 350,375,and 400℃,and reach the maximum values of 766%(1-MDFed)and 693%(2-MDFed)at 375℃.The grain boundary sliding of the MDFed alloy is sufficient,and the energy barrier of deformation decreases.Theβphase limits the grain growth and promotes dynamic recrystallization,maintaining the stability of the fine-grained structure during superplastic deformation.Several Y-rich phases nucleate in the high-strain region(i.e.,the final fracture region)at high temperatures,accelerating the fracture of the specimen.
文摘Exogenous neuropeptide Y has antiepileptic effects; however, the underlying mechanism and optimal administration method for neuropeptide Y are still unresolved. Previous studies have used intracerebroventricular injection of neuropeptide Y into animal models of epilepsy. In this study, a recombinant adeno-associated virus expression vector carrying the neuropeptide Y gene was injected into the lateral ventricle of rats, while the ipsilateral hippocampus was injected with kainic acid to establish the epileptic model. After transfection of neuropeptide Y gene, mossy fiber sprouting in the hippocampal CA3 region of epileptic rats was significantly suppressed, hippocampal synaptophysin （p38） mRNA and protein expression were inhibited, and epileptic seizures were reduced. These experimental findings indicate that a recombinant adeno-associated virus expression vector carrying the neuropeptide Y gene reduces mossy fiber sprouting and inhibits abnormal synaptophysin expression, thereby suppressing post-epileptic synaptic reconstruction.
文摘Purpose–This paper aims to offer a novel viewpoint for improving performance and reliability by developing and optimizing suspension components in a Y25 bogie through material optimization based on wheel–rail interactions under variable load and track conditions.Design/methodology/approach–The suspension system,a critical component ensuring adaptation to road and load conditions in all vehicle types,is especially vital in heavy freight and passenger trains.In this context,the suspension set of the Y25 bogie–commonly used in T€urkiye and Europe–was modelled using CATIAV5,and stress analyses have been performed by way of ANSYS using the finite element analysis(FEA)method.E300-520-M cast steel was selected for the bogie frame,while two different spring steels,61SiCr7 and 51CrV4,were considered for the suspension springs.The modeled system was subjected to numerical analysis under loading conditions.The resulting stresses and displacements were compared with the mechanical properties of the selected materials to validate the design.Findings–The results demonstrate that the mechanical strength and deformation characteristics of the suspension components vary according to the applied external loads.The stress and displacement responses of the system were found to be within the allowable limits of the selected materials,confirming the structural integrity and reliability of the design.The suspension set is deemed suitable for the prescribed material and environmental conditions,suggesting potential for practical application in real-world rail systems.Originality/value–This research contributes to the design and optimization of bogie suspension systems using advanced CAD/CAE tools.It thinks that the material selection and numerical validation approach presented here can guide future designs in heavy load rail applications and potentially improve both safety and performance.
基金supported by the funding from the Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology,Fujian Province(Grant No.2023Y9385)Major Scientific Research Program for Young and Middleaged Health Professionals of Fujian Province,China(Grant No.2022ZQNZD010).
文摘Y chromosome microdeletions are an important cause of male infertility.At present,research on the Y chromosome is mainly focused on analyzing the loss of large segments of the azoospermia factor a/b/c(AZFa/b/c)gene,and few studies have reported the impact of unit point deletion in the AZF band on fertility.This study analyzed the effect of sperm quality after sY1192 loss in 116 patients.The sY1192-independent deletion accounted for 41.4%(48/116).Eight patterns were found in the deletions associated with sY1192.The rate of sperm detection was similar in the semen of patients with the independent sY1192 deletion and the combined sY1192 deletions(52.1%vs 50.0%).The patients with only sY1192 gene loss had a higher probability of sperm detection than the patients whose sY1192 gene locus existed,but other gene loci were lost(52.1%vs 32.0%).The hormone levels were similar in patients with sY1192 deletion alone and in those with sY1192 deletion and other types of microdeletions in the presence of the sY1192 locus.After multiple intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)attempts,the pregnancy rate of spouses of men with sY1192-independent deletions was similar to that of other types of microdeletions,but the fertilization and cleavage rates were higher.We observed that eight deletion patterns were observed for sY1192 microdeletions of AZFb/c,dominated by the independent deletion of sY1192.After ICSI,the fertilization rate and cleavage rate of the sY1192-independent microdeletion were higher than those of other Y chromosome microdeletion types,but there was no significant difference in pregnancy outcomes.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2022YFA1405500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52372257)。
文摘Ternary hydrides, with their superior chemical and structural flexibility over binary systems, open up new avenues for advancing high-performance superconductor research. The Y-Ca-H system is a promising candidate for high-temperature superconductors, as both Im3m YH_(6) and Im3m CaH_(6) exhibit similar structures and excellent superconducting properties, while Y and Ca atoms possess close atomic radii and electronegativities.Here, we report the successful synthesis of Im3m(Y, Ca)H_(6) achieving a maximum superconducting transition temperature(T_(c)) approximately 224 K at 155 GPa through five independent high-temperature and high-pressure experiments. Remarkably, the T_(c) of Im3m(Y, Ca)H_(6) remains highly stable(ΔT_(c) ≤ 1 K) during decompression between 148 and 165 GPa, significantly outperforming binary Im3m CaH_(6) and Im3m YH_(6). The enhanced superconducting properties may stem from the cooperative chemical template effect of Y and Ca atoms near the s-d border, which significantly reinforces H lattice stability and thus maintains superior superconductivity.This study highlights the potential of multicomponent cooperative effects in designing hydride superconductors,offering new insights for achieving high-T_(c) hydrides at lower pressures in the future.
基金Supported by Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program,No.2024NSFSC1292the Program of General Hospital of Western Theater Command,No.2021-XZYG-C45 and No.2021-XZYG-B32+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,No.23JRRA538the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81601905.
文摘BACKGROUND Tendon tissue engineering requires biomimetic scaffolds and mechanical cues to direct mesenchymal stem cell differentiation toward tenogenic lineages.Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs),aligned nanofiber scaffolds,and cyclic uniaxial stretching can be used to create a functional engineered ligament tissue.AIM To investigate the effects of aligned nanofiber scaffolds and cyclic stretch on BMSC tenogenesis for ligament engineering.METHODS BMSCs were cultured on aligned and random poly-lactic acid nanofiber scaffolds under static and cyclic tensile conditions(0.5 Hz,2%strain,2 hours/day)for 7 days using a mechanical loading system(CFILLOAD-300).The Ras homolog gene family(Rho)-associated coiled coil-containing kinase(ROCK)inhibitor Y27632 was applied to explore its role in tenogenic differentiation.Scaffold morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy,while cell morphology,viability,and alignment were evaluated via confocal microscopy with F-actin and 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining.Tenogenic gene expression(collagen type I alpha 2,collagen type III alpha 1,tenascin C,and tenomodulin)was quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction,and ligament-related protein levels(collagen I,collagen III,tenascin C,and tenomodulin)were analyzed by western blot.RESULTS Scanning electron microscopy revealed that aligned scaffolds provided consistent directional structure,whereas random scaffolds displayed a disordered fiber arrangement.Confocal microscopy showed that under static conditions,BMSCs on aligned scaffolds grew parallel to fiber alignment,while those on random scaffolds grew randomly.Under cyclic tensile strain,BMSCs on both scaffold types exhibited elongation along the direction of strain,adopting a spindle-shaped morphology.Cyclic uniaxial strain enhanced cell viability and metabolic activity based on CCK-8 assay results and upregulated ligament-specific gene and protein expression on aligned scaffolds compared to static conditions.BMSCs on aligned scaffolds under tensile strain showed the highest expression of tenogenic markers,suggesting a synergistic effect of scaffold alignment and mechanical loading.ROCK inhibition with Y27632 upregulated alternative signaling pathways(focal adhesion kinase and runt-related transcription factor 2),further promoting tenogenic differentiation.CONCLUSION Aligned nanofiber scaffolds combined with cyclic tensile strain provide an optimal environment for guiding BMSC differentiation toward ligamentous lineages,as assessed by increased expression of ligament-specific markers.Mechanical stimulation(uniaxial stretching)significantly influences BMSC tenogenic differentiation,and the combined use of aligned nanofibers and tensile strain further enhances this effect.The ROCK pathway plays a regulatory role in this process,though its precise mechanisms require further investigation.
