AIM: To investigate the influencing factors of visual field improvement after trans-sphenoidal resection of pituitary macroadenomas. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 201 patients (366 eyes) with visua...AIM: To investigate the influencing factors of visual field improvement after trans-sphenoidal resection of pituitary macroadenomas. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 201 patients (366 eyes) with visual field defect induced by pituitary macroadenomas. All of them were treated with trans-sphenoidal surgery. Ophthalmologic evaluation, best -corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and visual field examination were performed before and 3mo after surgery. BCVA, visual field defect index mean deviation (MD), duration of symptoms, age, sex, and volume of tumors were compared. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Ki-67 of tumor tissue were detected by immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 44.23 +/- 1.29y. Ninety -three patients were female and 108 were male. The mean tumor volume was 14.36 +/- 6.23 cm(3). The mean duration of preoperative symptoms was 11.50 +/- 0.88mo. Mean preoperative MD was -17.50 +/- 0.82 dB. Mean Preoperative visual acuity was 0.64 +/- 0.04. Postoperative visual field improved in 270 (73.77%) eyes, unchanged in 96 (26.23%) eyes. Multivariate logistic regression displayed that the factors independently influencing visual field improvement were young age (OR=1.71, 95%CI: 1.325-2.387, P=0.013), low preoperative MD absolute value (OR=1.277, 95%CI: 1.205-1.355, P<0.001), small volume of tumor (OR=1.458, 95%CI: 1.060-4.289, P<0.001), low expression of VEGF in tumor tissue (OR=1.554, 95%CI: 1.089-2.457, P=0.022), and low expression of Ki-67 in tumor tissue (OR=1.552, 95%CI: 1.161-2.847, P=0.026). CONCLUSION: After pituitary macroadenomas trans sphenoidal resection, the independent influencing factors of the visual fields recovery were low preoperative MD absolute value, young age, small volume of tumor, and expression levels of VEGF/Ki-67.展开更多
Dear Editor,We’re interested in the article by Mo and colleagues about＂Evaluation of hyperreflective foci as a prognostic factor of visual outcome in retinal vein occlusion＂.They performed a multiple linear regress...Dear Editor,We’re interested in the article by Mo and colleagues about＂Evaluation of hyperreflective foci as a prognostic factor of visual outcome in retinal vein occlusion＂.They performed a multiple linear regression analysis with backward elimination to analyse the association of best corrected visual acuity（BCVA）with the numbers of hyperreflective foci（HF）in different layers.展开更多
The use of online discussion forum can?effectively engage students in their studies. As the number of messages posted on the forum is increasing, it is more difficult for instructors to read and respond to them in a p...The use of online discussion forum can?effectively engage students in their studies. As the number of messages posted on the forum is increasing, it is more difficult for instructors to read and respond to them in a prompt way. In this paper, we apply non-negative matrix factorization and visualization to clustering message data, in order to provide a summary view of messages that disclose their deep semantic relationships. In particular, the NMF is able to find the underlying issues hidden in the messages about which most of the students are concerned. Visualization is employed to estimate the initial number of clusters, showing the relation communities. The experiments and comparison on a real dataset have been reported to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approaches.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Pattern- visual evoked potential （PVEP） can reflect the functional status of retinal ganglial cells （RGC） and visual cortex, and is an objective examination for visual pathway function. It is a unique...BACKGROUND： Pattern- visual evoked potential （PVEP） can reflect the functional status of retinal ganglial cells （RGC） and visual cortex, and is an objective examination for visual pathway function. It is a unique method for objectively examining the optic nerve function of optic ganglion cells. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of nerve growth factor （NGF） on PVEF in the treatment of optic nerve contusion, evaluate the clinical efficacy of NGF, and make an efficacy comparison with vitamin B12. DESIGN： A randomly grouping, controlled observation. SETTING： Department of Ophthalmology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University. PARTICIPANTS： Forty patients with optic nerve contusion caused by eye trauma, who received the treatment in the Tangshan Worker Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University between January 2006 and June 2007, were recruited in this study. The involved 40 patients, including 34 males and 6 females, were aged 14-59 years. They were confirmed to have optic nerve contusion by ophthalmologic consultation combined with history of disease and orbital CT examination. Informed consents of treatments and detected items were obtained from all the patients. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups with 20 in each： NGF group and vitamin B12 group. METHODS： Conservative treatment was used in the two groups. In addition, patients in the NGF group were intramuscularly injected with NGF solution 18 μg /time, once a day. Those in the vitamin B12 group were injected by the same method with common vitamin B12 of 500 μg combined with vitamin B1 of 100 mg, once a day. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： PVEP examination was conducted in all the patients before, one and two weeks after treatment, and latency and amplitude at P100 were detected. RESULTS： Forty patients with optic nerve contusion participated in the final analysis. Before treatment, significant differences in the latency and amplitude at P100 were not found in patients between two groups （P 〉 0.05）. For each patient in the NGF group, the latency of PVEP at P100 was significantly shortened, and the amplitude was significantly increased one and two weeks after treatment as compared with vitamin B12 group（t =2.06-2.34, P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： NGF treatment can obviously improve the visual function of patients with optic nerve contusion. The curative effect of NGF is superior to vitamin B12.展开更多
背景:信号通路是影响骨代谢稳定性的重要因素,在绝经后骨质疏松症的发生和进展中发挥着不可或缺的作用。目的:对近20年发表的绝经后骨质疏松症相关信号通路的文献进行可视化分析,从而探索该领域的发展现状和研究热点。方法:检索Web of S...背景:信号通路是影响骨代谢稳定性的重要因素,在绝经后骨质疏松症的发生和进展中发挥着不可或缺的作用。目的:对近20年发表的绝经后骨质疏松症相关信号通路的文献进行可视化分析,从而探索该领域的发展现状和研究热点。方法:检索Web of Science核心集数据库中以绝经后骨质疏松症相关信号通路为主题的英文文献,检索时限为2004-01-01/2024-10-20,运用CiteSpace 6.3.R1及R4.4.1统计发文作者、国家、机构、期刊、被引文献和关键词,并绘制可视化图谱。结果与结论:按照纳入标准和排除标准,共纳入文献853篇,其中发文量最高的作者是XU JIAKE,发文量最高的国家是中国,发文量最高的机构是上海交通大学,发文量和被引量最高的期刊分别是《Frontiers In Pharmacology》和《Journal of Bone and Mineral Research》,知识流动较频繁的学科是分子科学、生物学、遗传学、免疫学。近年较为稳定的研究方向是“骨折预防”和“骨吸收”,较为突出的关键词是“网络药理学”“模型”。近20年绝经后骨质疏松症相关信号通路领域总体发文呈上升趋势,并且研究内容趋近多学科交叉融合,发文文献共被引频次前10的文献中,5篇文献通过不同方式验证了硬骨素单克隆抗体的安全性和有效性,4篇文献综述了骨质疏松症或绝经后骨质疏松症的诊断与治疗,1篇文献探讨了Wnt信号在骨稳态和骨相关疾病中的作用机制。信号通路与其相关细胞因子及表达基因在各种复杂生物过程中的机制研究是绝经后骨质疏松症相关信号通路中的研究热点,目前作为研究热点的通路是核因子κB、人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源物和活化T细胞核因子1。在治疗方面,靶向信号通路的药物开发是绝经后骨质疏松症未来治疗的研究方向,中药在绝经后骨质疏松症治疗中的运用备受关注。网络药理学结合动物模型的方法是近年来较为热门的研究模式。展开更多
在分析国内普遍采用的速度剖面校正因子影响因素和计算方法的基础上,提出了基于雷诺数与速度剖面校正因子关系图版计算校正因子的方法,并阐述了采用Visual Studio 2010平台及C Sharp语言编程实现该方法的流程。通过对海上油田多口井的...在分析国内普遍采用的速度剖面校正因子影响因素和计算方法的基础上,提出了基于雷诺数与速度剖面校正因子关系图版计算校正因子的方法,并阐述了采用Visual Studio 2010平台及C Sharp语言编程实现该方法的流程。通过对海上油田多口井的实际应用,证明该方法具有更广阔的适用性,尤其在单相流及两相流的产出井中应用效果良好。展开更多
A new method of adaptable rendering for interaction in Virtual Environment(VE) through different visual acuity equations is proposed. An acuity factor equation of luminance vision is first given. Secondly, five equati...A new method of adaptable rendering for interaction in Virtual Environment(VE) through different visual acuity equations is proposed. An acuity factor equation of luminance vision is first given. Secondly, five equations which calculate the visual acuity through visual acuity factors are presented, and adaptive rendering strategy based on different visual acuity equations is given. The VE system may select one of them on the basis of the host’s load, hereby select LOD for each model which would be rendered. A coarser LOD is selected where the visual acuity is lower, and a better LOD is used where it is higher. This method is tested through experiments and the experimental results show that it is effective.展开更多
背景:肿瘤双向调控因子核因子κB激活激酶的研究成果逐年增多,但是却没有相关文献计量学分析。目的:通过文献计量学分析肿瘤逃避因子核因子κB激活激酶的研究现状、热点及趋势。方法:基于Web of Science核心合集中的SCIE数据库筛选近10...背景:肿瘤双向调控因子核因子κB激活激酶的研究成果逐年增多,但是却没有相关文献计量学分析。目的:通过文献计量学分析肿瘤逃避因子核因子κB激活激酶的研究现状、热点及趋势。方法:基于Web of Science核心合集中的SCIE数据库筛选近10年来核因子κB激活激酶相关研究文献,导入Cite Space 6.3.R1软件中分别以国家(地区)、作者、机构、参考文献和关键词5个选项进行文献计量及可视化分析,并运用Origin 2021软件绘制相关统计图。结果与结论:核因子κB激活激酶的发文量、文献共被引次数呈现上升的趋势,Chen,Dan-Dan、Gui,Jian-Fang、Qin,Qiwei和Li,Shun 4位作者发文量最多(11篇),中国科学院、中国科学院大学、浙江大学、中国农业科学院、武汉大学的发文量较大(>50篇)。近10年来关于核因子κB激活激酶的研究热点主要集中在innate immunity、c GAS-STING pathway、NF-κB、inflammation、optineurin、expression、cancer等模块。结果表明,近年来各国学者在相关领域进行了持续且深入的研究,核因子κB激活激酶在自身免疫系统、信号通路、基因表达、肿瘤防治等方面显示出巨大的科研潜力。但是学者之间、机构之间的学术合作并不紧密,今后学者应加强合作与交流,把握核因子κB激活激酶的研究热点与趋势,拓展在疾病领域中的研究范围,为进一步阐明疾病的药效机制和病理变化提供更多证据。展开更多
AIM: To investigate the association between socioeconomic status(SES) and visual disability(VD) among older Chinese adults. METHODS: We obtained data from the Second National Sample Survey on Disability, conducted in ...AIM: To investigate the association between socioeconomic status(SES) and visual disability(VD) among older Chinese adults. METHODS: We obtained data from the Second National Sample Survey on Disability, conducted in China in 2006. A total number of 192 375 older adults(aged≥65 y) were screened for suspected VD via interviews with trained examiners. Those who screened positively for VD were referred to ophthalmologists to obtain a final diagnosis. RESULTS: VD was prevalent among 7.29% of Chinese adults aged 65 and older, and was higher in rural areas(8.71%) than in urban areas(4.82%). After adjusting for SES indicators and covariates, we found that lesseducated older adults were more likely to suffer from VD, with an odds ratio(OR) of 2.50(95%CI: 2.26-2.82) for illiterates, compared with those who graduated from senior high school or above. Older adults who were in the lowest income quintile were more at risk of VD, with an OR of 1.81(95%CI: 1.68-2.95), compared with adults in the highest income quintile. In urban areas, when compared with adults who graduated from senior high school or above, those who did not continue their education after junior high school, primary school, or those who were illiterate, were more likely to suffer from VD, with an OR of 1.35(95%CI: 1.51-1.59), 1.84(95%CI: 1.60-2.12), and 2.63(95%CI: 2.27-3.04), respectively. Lower levels of income were statistically significant when associated with VD. In rural areas, adults who were illiterate had an OR of 2.21(95%CI:1.75-2.79) when compared to adults with senior high school or above education level. Per capita, household income remained significantly associated with VD. Older adults who were ≥85, female, single, and residing in rural areas were associated with higher risks of VD. CONCLUSION: Individual-level SES among the elderly, in the form of education and income, is associated with VD among elderly Chinese adults in both urban and rural areas; however, the association is stronger in rural areas. Further studies are still required to explore the mechanism behind the relationships.展开更多
文摘AIM: To investigate the influencing factors of visual field improvement after trans-sphenoidal resection of pituitary macroadenomas. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 201 patients (366 eyes) with visual field defect induced by pituitary macroadenomas. All of them were treated with trans-sphenoidal surgery. Ophthalmologic evaluation, best -corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and visual field examination were performed before and 3mo after surgery. BCVA, visual field defect index mean deviation (MD), duration of symptoms, age, sex, and volume of tumors were compared. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Ki-67 of tumor tissue were detected by immunohistochemical technique. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 44.23 +/- 1.29y. Ninety -three patients were female and 108 were male. The mean tumor volume was 14.36 +/- 6.23 cm(3). The mean duration of preoperative symptoms was 11.50 +/- 0.88mo. Mean preoperative MD was -17.50 +/- 0.82 dB. Mean Preoperative visual acuity was 0.64 +/- 0.04. Postoperative visual field improved in 270 (73.77%) eyes, unchanged in 96 (26.23%) eyes. Multivariate logistic regression displayed that the factors independently influencing visual field improvement were young age (OR=1.71, 95%CI: 1.325-2.387, P=0.013), low preoperative MD absolute value (OR=1.277, 95%CI: 1.205-1.355, P<0.001), small volume of tumor (OR=1.458, 95%CI: 1.060-4.289, P<0.001), low expression of VEGF in tumor tissue (OR=1.554, 95%CI: 1.089-2.457, P=0.022), and low expression of Ki-67 in tumor tissue (OR=1.552, 95%CI: 1.161-2.847, P=0.026). CONCLUSION: After pituitary macroadenomas trans sphenoidal resection, the independent influencing factors of the visual fields recovery were low preoperative MD absolute value, young age, small volume of tumor, and expression levels of VEGF/Ki-67.
文摘Dear Editor,We’re interested in the article by Mo and colleagues about＂Evaluation of hyperreflective foci as a prognostic factor of visual outcome in retinal vein occlusion＂.They performed a multiple linear regression analysis with backward elimination to analyse the association of best corrected visual acuity（BCVA）with the numbers of hyperreflective foci（HF）in different layers.
文摘The use of online discussion forum can?effectively engage students in their studies. As the number of messages posted on the forum is increasing, it is more difficult for instructors to read and respond to them in a prompt way. In this paper, we apply non-negative matrix factorization and visualization to clustering message data, in order to provide a summary view of messages that disclose their deep semantic relationships. In particular, the NMF is able to find the underlying issues hidden in the messages about which most of the students are concerned. Visualization is employed to estimate the initial number of clusters, showing the relation communities. The experiments and comparison on a real dataset have been reported to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approaches.
文摘BACKGROUND： Pattern- visual evoked potential （PVEP） can reflect the functional status of retinal ganglial cells （RGC） and visual cortex, and is an objective examination for visual pathway function. It is a unique method for objectively examining the optic nerve function of optic ganglion cells. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of nerve growth factor （NGF） on PVEF in the treatment of optic nerve contusion, evaluate the clinical efficacy of NGF, and make an efficacy comparison with vitamin B12. DESIGN： A randomly grouping, controlled observation. SETTING： Department of Ophthalmology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University. PARTICIPANTS： Forty patients with optic nerve contusion caused by eye trauma, who received the treatment in the Tangshan Worker Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University between January 2006 and June 2007, were recruited in this study. The involved 40 patients, including 34 males and 6 females, were aged 14-59 years. They were confirmed to have optic nerve contusion by ophthalmologic consultation combined with history of disease and orbital CT examination. Informed consents of treatments and detected items were obtained from all the patients. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups with 20 in each： NGF group and vitamin B12 group. METHODS： Conservative treatment was used in the two groups. In addition, patients in the NGF group were intramuscularly injected with NGF solution 18 μg /time, once a day. Those in the vitamin B12 group were injected by the same method with common vitamin B12 of 500 μg combined with vitamin B1 of 100 mg, once a day. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： PVEP examination was conducted in all the patients before, one and two weeks after treatment, and latency and amplitude at P100 were detected. RESULTS： Forty patients with optic nerve contusion participated in the final analysis. Before treatment, significant differences in the latency and amplitude at P100 were not found in patients between two groups （P 〉 0.05）. For each patient in the NGF group, the latency of PVEP at P100 was significantly shortened, and the amplitude was significantly increased one and two weeks after treatment as compared with vitamin B12 group（t =2.06-2.34, P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： NGF treatment can obviously improve the visual function of patients with optic nerve contusion. The curative effect of NGF is superior to vitamin B12.
文摘背景:信号通路是影响骨代谢稳定性的重要因素,在绝经后骨质疏松症的发生和进展中发挥着不可或缺的作用。目的:对近20年发表的绝经后骨质疏松症相关信号通路的文献进行可视化分析,从而探索该领域的发展现状和研究热点。方法:检索Web of Science核心集数据库中以绝经后骨质疏松症相关信号通路为主题的英文文献,检索时限为2004-01-01/2024-10-20,运用CiteSpace 6.3.R1及R4.4.1统计发文作者、国家、机构、期刊、被引文献和关键词,并绘制可视化图谱。结果与结论:按照纳入标准和排除标准,共纳入文献853篇,其中发文量最高的作者是XU JIAKE,发文量最高的国家是中国,发文量最高的机构是上海交通大学,发文量和被引量最高的期刊分别是《Frontiers In Pharmacology》和《Journal of Bone and Mineral Research》,知识流动较频繁的学科是分子科学、生物学、遗传学、免疫学。近年较为稳定的研究方向是“骨折预防”和“骨吸收”,较为突出的关键词是“网络药理学”“模型”。近20年绝经后骨质疏松症相关信号通路领域总体发文呈上升趋势,并且研究内容趋近多学科交叉融合,发文文献共被引频次前10的文献中,5篇文献通过不同方式验证了硬骨素单克隆抗体的安全性和有效性,4篇文献综述了骨质疏松症或绝经后骨质疏松症的诊断与治疗,1篇文献探讨了Wnt信号在骨稳态和骨相关疾病中的作用机制。信号通路与其相关细胞因子及表达基因在各种复杂生物过程中的机制研究是绝经后骨质疏松症相关信号通路中的研究热点,目前作为研究热点的通路是核因子κB、人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源物和活化T细胞核因子1。在治疗方面,靶向信号通路的药物开发是绝经后骨质疏松症未来治疗的研究方向,中药在绝经后骨质疏松症治疗中的运用备受关注。网络药理学结合动物模型的方法是近年来较为热门的研究模式。
文摘在分析国内普遍采用的速度剖面校正因子影响因素和计算方法的基础上,提出了基于雷诺数与速度剖面校正因子关系图版计算校正因子的方法,并阐述了采用Visual Studio 2010平台及C Sharp语言编程实现该方法的流程。通过对海上油田多口井的实际应用,证明该方法具有更广阔的适用性,尤其在单相流及两相流的产出井中应用效果良好。
文摘A new method of adaptable rendering for interaction in Virtual Environment(VE) through different visual acuity equations is proposed. An acuity factor equation of luminance vision is first given. Secondly, five equations which calculate the visual acuity through visual acuity factors are presented, and adaptive rendering strategy based on different visual acuity equations is given. The VE system may select one of them on the basis of the host’s load, hereby select LOD for each model which would be rendered. A coarser LOD is selected where the visual acuity is lower, and a better LOD is used where it is higher. This method is tested through experiments and the experimental results show that it is effective.
文摘背景:肿瘤双向调控因子核因子κB激活激酶的研究成果逐年增多,但是却没有相关文献计量学分析。目的:通过文献计量学分析肿瘤逃避因子核因子κB激活激酶的研究现状、热点及趋势。方法:基于Web of Science核心合集中的SCIE数据库筛选近10年来核因子κB激活激酶相关研究文献,导入Cite Space 6.3.R1软件中分别以国家(地区)、作者、机构、参考文献和关键词5个选项进行文献计量及可视化分析,并运用Origin 2021软件绘制相关统计图。结果与结论:核因子κB激活激酶的发文量、文献共被引次数呈现上升的趋势,Chen,Dan-Dan、Gui,Jian-Fang、Qin,Qiwei和Li,Shun 4位作者发文量最多(11篇),中国科学院、中国科学院大学、浙江大学、中国农业科学院、武汉大学的发文量较大(>50篇)。近10年来关于核因子κB激活激酶的研究热点主要集中在innate immunity、c GAS-STING pathway、NF-κB、inflammation、optineurin、expression、cancer等模块。结果表明,近年来各国学者在相关领域进行了持续且深入的研究,核因子κB激活激酶在自身免疫系统、信号通路、基因表达、肿瘤防治等方面显示出巨大的科研潜力。但是学者之间、机构之间的学术合作并不紧密,今后学者应加强合作与交流,把握核因子κB激活激酶的研究热点与趋势,拓展在疾病领域中的研究范围,为进一步阐明疾病的药效机制和病理变化提供更多证据。
文摘AIM: To investigate the association between socioeconomic status(SES) and visual disability(VD) among older Chinese adults. METHODS: We obtained data from the Second National Sample Survey on Disability, conducted in China in 2006. A total number of 192 375 older adults(aged≥65 y) were screened for suspected VD via interviews with trained examiners. Those who screened positively for VD were referred to ophthalmologists to obtain a final diagnosis. RESULTS: VD was prevalent among 7.29% of Chinese adults aged 65 and older, and was higher in rural areas(8.71%) than in urban areas(4.82%). After adjusting for SES indicators and covariates, we found that lesseducated older adults were more likely to suffer from VD, with an odds ratio(OR) of 2.50(95%CI: 2.26-2.82) for illiterates, compared with those who graduated from senior high school or above. Older adults who were in the lowest income quintile were more at risk of VD, with an OR of 1.81(95%CI: 1.68-2.95), compared with adults in the highest income quintile. In urban areas, when compared with adults who graduated from senior high school or above, those who did not continue their education after junior high school, primary school, or those who were illiterate, were more likely to suffer from VD, with an OR of 1.35(95%CI: 1.51-1.59), 1.84(95%CI: 1.60-2.12), and 2.63(95%CI: 2.27-3.04), respectively. Lower levels of income were statistically significant when associated with VD. In rural areas, adults who were illiterate had an OR of 2.21(95%CI:1.75-2.79) when compared to adults with senior high school or above education level. Per capita, household income remained significantly associated with VD. Older adults who were ≥85, female, single, and residing in rural areas were associated with higher risks of VD. CONCLUSION: Individual-level SES among the elderly, in the form of education and income, is associated with VD among elderly Chinese adults in both urban and rural areas; however, the association is stronger in rural areas. Further studies are still required to explore the mechanism behind the relationships.
