A two-period model is developed to investigate the competitive effects of targeted advertising with imperfect targeting in a duopolistic market. In the first period, two firms compete in price in order to recognize cu...A two-period model is developed to investigate the competitive effects of targeted advertising with imperfect targeting in a duopolistic market. In the first period, two firms compete in price in order to recognize customers. In the second period, targeted advertising plays an informative role and acts as a price discrimination device. The firms＇ optimal advertising and pricing strategies under imperfect targeting are compared with those under perfect targeting. Equilibrium decisions show that, under imperfect targeting, when the advertising cost is low enough, both firms will choose to target ads at the rivals＇ old segments. This equilibrium, which could not exist under perfect targeting, results in two opposite results. When cost is high, the effect of mis-targeting will soften price competition and increase profits; on the contrary, when cost is low enough, it will lead to aggressive price competition and profit loss with the increase of imperfect targeting, so firms may have incentives to reduce the mis- targeting degree.展开更多
Objective The Late Cretaceous Xiuwacu ore-bearing porphyry is located in the Geza area of southern Yidun arc, SW China. In this area, the rock mass is mainly composed of three lithofacies： biotite granite porphyry, ...Objective The Late Cretaceous Xiuwacu ore-bearing porphyry is located in the Geza area of southern Yidun arc, SW China. In this area, the rock mass is mainly composed of three lithofacies： biotite granite porphyry, monzonitic granite and light alkali feldspar granite. As a part of the Yidun arc, the Geza arc has common structure and temporal- spatial evolution with the ~idun arc, which has experienced three stages of oceanic crust subduction, collision orogeny and intracontinent convergence stages. The molybdenite ores in the area are mainly hosted in monzonitic granite-porphyry and structural fracture zone, and the ore bodies are strictly controlled by faults. In recent years, great geological prospecting results have been achieved in Xiuwacu, and the deposit has reached a medium scale. However, there are few researches on the metallogenic porphyry. Based on the previous research, we determined the rock-forming and ore-forming age of the porphyry, and found that there were two stages of magmatism intrusion in Xiuwacu： Indosinian and Yanshanian. We also discussed the geochemical characteristics and source area of the rocks in the area.展开更多
为找出福建三明两系杂交水稻制种育性敏感期和抽穗扬花期适宜时段和区域,利用23个国家气象站近50 a 6-9月逐日气象数据,统计育性敏感期风险率和抽穗扬花期保证率,确定不育系不育起点温度23.0、23.5、24.0℃的安全育性敏感期时空分布。...为找出福建三明两系杂交水稻制种育性敏感期和抽穗扬花期适宜时段和区域,利用23个国家气象站近50 a 6-9月逐日气象数据,统计育性敏感期风险率和抽穗扬花期保证率,确定不育系不育起点温度23.0、23.5、24.0℃的安全育性敏感期时空分布。结果表明,育性敏感期低风险时段最早初日在6月中旬,最晚终日在9月中旬;随着不育起点温度提高,低风险时段大于80.0 d的区域明显减小;低风险时段天数随海拔高度增加而减少。抽穗扬花期旬最低保证率在7月上旬-9月上旬主要来自高温,在9月中旬-下旬主要来自低温。使两个关键期的气象条件都得到满足的安全育性敏感期的始期在6月下旬-8月下旬,终期在8月中旬-9月中旬;不育起点温度23.0、23.5、24.0℃的安全期达60.0d的区域占比分别是67.2%、46.2%、18.0%;安全期大于45.0d的区域主要分布在海拔高度300~600m。建宁县、泰宁县、宁化县、清流县、明溪县、大田县可以开展两系杂交水稻夏制和秋制,沙县区、尤溪县、将乐县、三元区、永安市的两系杂交水稻制种宜选择秋制。制种中选用的不育系不育起点温度不宜偏高。展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71371050)
文摘A two-period model is developed to investigate the competitive effects of targeted advertising with imperfect targeting in a duopolistic market. In the first period, two firms compete in price in order to recognize customers. In the second period, targeted advertising plays an informative role and acts as a price discrimination device. The firms＇ optimal advertising and pricing strategies under imperfect targeting are compared with those under perfect targeting. Equilibrium decisions show that, under imperfect targeting, when the advertising cost is low enough, both firms will choose to target ads at the rivals＇ old segments. This equilibrium, which could not exist under perfect targeting, results in two opposite results. When cost is high, the effect of mis-targeting will soften price competition and increase profits; on the contrary, when cost is low enough, it will lead to aggressive price competition and profit loss with the increase of imperfect targeting, so firms may have incentives to reduce the mis- targeting degree.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.41502076)the Science Research Fund of Yunnan Provincial Education Department(grant No.2015Y066)+1 种基金the Provincial People Training Program of Kunming University of Science and Technology(grant No.KKSY201421042)the Project of China Geological Survey(grant No.12120114013701)
文摘Objective The Late Cretaceous Xiuwacu ore-bearing porphyry is located in the Geza area of southern Yidun arc, SW China. In this area, the rock mass is mainly composed of three lithofacies： biotite granite porphyry, monzonitic granite and light alkali feldspar granite. As a part of the Yidun arc, the Geza arc has common structure and temporal- spatial evolution with the ~idun arc, which has experienced three stages of oceanic crust subduction, collision orogeny and intracontinent convergence stages. The molybdenite ores in the area are mainly hosted in monzonitic granite-porphyry and structural fracture zone, and the ore bodies are strictly controlled by faults. In recent years, great geological prospecting results have been achieved in Xiuwacu, and the deposit has reached a medium scale. However, there are few researches on the metallogenic porphyry. Based on the previous research, we determined the rock-forming and ore-forming age of the porphyry, and found that there were two stages of magmatism intrusion in Xiuwacu： Indosinian and Yanshanian. We also discussed the geochemical characteristics and source area of the rocks in the area.
文摘为找出福建三明两系杂交水稻制种育性敏感期和抽穗扬花期适宜时段和区域,利用23个国家气象站近50 a 6-9月逐日气象数据,统计育性敏感期风险率和抽穗扬花期保证率,确定不育系不育起点温度23.0、23.5、24.0℃的安全育性敏感期时空分布。结果表明,育性敏感期低风险时段最早初日在6月中旬,最晚终日在9月中旬;随着不育起点温度提高,低风险时段大于80.0 d的区域明显减小;低风险时段天数随海拔高度增加而减少。抽穗扬花期旬最低保证率在7月上旬-9月上旬主要来自高温,在9月中旬-下旬主要来自低温。使两个关键期的气象条件都得到满足的安全育性敏感期的始期在6月下旬-8月下旬,终期在8月中旬-9月中旬;不育起点温度23.0、23.5、24.0℃的安全期达60.0d的区域占比分别是67.2%、46.2%、18.0%;安全期大于45.0d的区域主要分布在海拔高度300~600m。建宁县、泰宁县、宁化县、清流县、明溪县、大田县可以开展两系杂交水稻夏制和秋制,沙县区、尤溪县、将乐县、三元区、永安市的两系杂交水稻制种宜选择秋制。制种中选用的不育系不育起点温度不宜偏高。
