Multi-server authenticated key agreement schemes have attracted great attention to both academia and industry in recent years.However,traditional authenticated key agreement schemes in the single-server environment ar...Multi-server authenticated key agreement schemes have attracted great attention to both academia and industry in recent years.However,traditional authenticated key agreement schemes in the single-server environment are not suitable for the multi-server environment because the user has to register on each server when he/she wishes to log in various servers for different service.Moreover,it is unreasonable to consider all servers are trusted since the server in a multi-server environment may be a semi-trusted party.In order to overcome these difficulties,we designed a secure three-factor multi-server authenticated key agreement protocol based on elliptic curve cryptography,which needs the user to register only once at the registration center in order to access all semi-trusted servers.The proposed scheme can not only against various known attacks but also provides high computational efficiency.Besides,we have proved our scheme fulfills mutual authentication by using the authentication test method.展开更多
As an indispensable part of the Intelli-gent Transportation System(ITS),the vehicular ad-hoc network(VANET)has attracted widespread atten-tion from academia and industry.In order to ensure the security of VANET,vehicl...As an indispensable part of the Intelli-gent Transportation System(ITS),the vehicular ad-hoc network(VANET)has attracted widespread atten-tion from academia and industry.In order to ensure the security of VANET,vehicles need to be authen-ticated before accessing the network.Most existing authentication protocols in VANET adopt the Trusted Authority(TA)with centralized structure which is re-sponsible for the authentication tasks of all vehicles.However,the large-scale network consume a lot of computing resources,which leads to unacceptable de-lay in message transmission in VANET.For reducing the computational cost of TA,an efficient three-factor privacy-preserving authentication and key agreement protocol was proposed in our paper.Different from before,the RoadSide Unit(RSU)no longer acts as an intermediate node but is responsible for assisting user authentication,which lead to the computational cost of TA is very low.Through formal and informal analysis,our protocol demonstrates excellent security.Com-pared with previous studies,our work emerges advan-tages and superiorities in the following aspects:com-putational cost,communication cost,security proper-ties and functions,message loss ratio,and message de-lay.These data and evidence indicate that our protocol is an ideal choice for large-scale VANET.展开更多
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used to monitor various environmental conditions including movement, pollution level, temperature, humidity, and etc. Secure authentication is very important for the success of WSNs...Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used to monitor various environmental conditions including movement, pollution level, temperature, humidity, and etc. Secure authentication is very important for the success of WSNs. Li <i>et al</i>. proposed a three-factor anonymous authentication scheme in WSNs over Internet of things (IoT). They argued that their authentication scheme achieves more security and functional features, which are required for WSNs over IoT. Especially, they insisted that their user authentication scheme provides security against sensor node impersonation attack, and resists session-specific temporary information attack and various other attacks. However, this paper shows some security weaknesses in Li <i>et al</i>.’s scheme, especially focused on sensor node masquerading attack, known session-specific temporary information attack and deficiency of perfect forward secrecy. Especially, security considerations are very important to the modern IoT based applications. Thereby, the result of this paper could be very helpful for the IoT security researches.展开更多
Evidence suggests that the structure of psychosis-proneness in the general population may involve three distinct related dimensions. Therefore we conducted a study, using a wider range of measures, to explore the fact...Evidence suggests that the structure of psychosis-proneness in the general population may involve three distinct related dimensions. Therefore we conducted a study, using a wider range of measures, to explore the factorial structure of schizotypy assessed by a mixed self-report Schizotypal Traits Questionnaire (mSTQ) in young French healthy individuals. Raine’s Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire [SPQ] and four of the Chapman’s scales [Magical Ideation Scale-MIS;Perceptual Aberration Scale-PAS;Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale-PhA and Revised Social Anhedonia Scale-SA] were combined to form a mSTQ which was administered to 232 French undergraduate students aged from 18 to 25 years old. A Principal Component Analysis [PCA] was carried out on scores for each scale to examine the factorial structure of schizotypal traits in this sample. PCA evidenced a three-factor model of schizotypy in the sample as a whole and even in the lower score sub-sample. The three factors were “positive or cognitive-perceptual”, “negative or social-interpersonal” and “disorganization” latent. Schizotypy, as assessed by these scales, is a multidimensional construct composed by at least three dimensions in this nonclinical sample. This factorial structure is similar to those of schizophrenia symptoms which raise the hypothesis of a continuum from normality to schizophrenia via schizotypal展开更多
Executive functions(EFs)as a set of cognitive processes play a crucial role in developing children's higher mental functions and academic success.Regardless of the number of studies conducted on EFs,current findin...Executive functions(EFs)as a set of cognitive processes play a crucial role in developing children's higher mental functions and academic success.Regardless of the number of studies conducted on EFs,current findings on the structure of cognitive functions as a whole or multifaceted construct are mixed.This study aims to evaluate and compare the latent factor structure of EFs in preschool-aged children(5-7 years)and school-aged children(7-9 years)to identify this structure across two age groups.The study involved 500 children divided into four age groups:senior kindergarten groups,preparatory kindergarten groups,first grade groups,and second grade groups.The participants were assessed using the NEPSY-II neuropsychological battery and the Dimensional Change Card Sort task.The results revealed that a three-factor model of EFs,comprising inhibitory control,working memory,and cognitive flexibility,best fits the data across all age groups.This suggests an earlier differentiation of EFs components,starting at the age of 5,which contradicts some previous studies proposing one-or two-factor structures in preschool age.Correlation analysis showed statistically moderate relationships between EFs components,which weakened by the second grade,potentially indicating stabilization in EFs development during early school years.The findings support the unity and diversity model of EFs and emphasize the importance of conducting longitudinal research to clarify the factors influencing EFs development over time.展开更多
Statistical analysis of COVID-19 mortality is challenging due to its non-stationarity and cross-sectional instability.In this paper,the authors introduce a unified method to evaluate the fatality rate of COVID-19 acro...Statistical analysis of COVID-19 mortality is challenging due to its non-stationarity and cross-sectional instability.In this paper,the authors introduce a unified method to evaluate the fatality rate of COVID-19 across countries,whose method provides more reliable information for cross-country comparison than the traditional case-fatality rate(CFR).It emerges that the new method,the blockwise case-fatality rate(BCFR),varies for different countries and in different periods.The authors also decompose the COVID-19 fatality data by three factors:1)The virus infection dynamics over population in different countries,2)pure distribution and evolution of instantaneous death rate attributed to different individual’s physical characteristics such as age and health,and 3)individual countries’variations affecting interactions between the virus infection and the instantaneous mortality due to individual’s physical characteristics.Based on the new three-factor model,the authors obtain six key findings of the COVID-19 fatality rate.Our study suggests that,on average,the estimated instantaneous fatality rate contributes about 57.0%to the global BCFR while the time-varying weight contributes about 41.5%in December 2020.The country-specific contribution of instantaneous fatality rate is significantly higher than that of the time-varying weight.Besides,the country-specific characteristics in demographical,social,and economic aspects would affect the relative severity of the disease.展开更多
目的分析临床因素与颈动脉斑块CT影像组学联合模型对老年急性脑卒中患者预后不良的预测价值。方法回顾性选取2022年6月至2024年12月南阳市第一人民医院收治的150例老年急性脑卒中患者,均接受颈动脉斑块CT检查。根据患者发病后3个月的改...目的分析临床因素与颈动脉斑块CT影像组学联合模型对老年急性脑卒中患者预后不良的预测价值。方法回顾性选取2022年6月至2024年12月南阳市第一人民医院收治的150例老年急性脑卒中患者,均接受颈动脉斑块CT检查。根据患者发病后3个月的改良Rankin量表评分,将其分为预后良好组(96例)和预后不良组(54例),对比两组临床资料。采用多因素logistic回归分析筛选影响患者预后的相关因素,并基于相关因素构建临床模型。对影像组学特征进行降维处理,采用最小绝对收缩和选择算子算法(least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,LASSO)回归模型筛选出与患者预后不良相关的影像组学特征,并构建影像组学模型。构建临床模型与影像组学模型的联合模型,采用ROC曲线评估联合模型对患者预后的预测价值。结果预后良好组与预后不良组的发病至入院时间、入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,发病至入院时间越长(OR=2.524,95%CI:1.085~3.964)、入院时NIHSS评分越高(OR=2.787,95%CI:1.170~4.404)均为预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。从颈动脉斑块CT图像中成功提取出120个影像组学特征。经LASSO进一步降维后筛选出斑块体积、平均CT值、灰度共生矩阵对比度、灰度游程矩阵灰度不均匀性和小波变换高频系数5个特征。ROC曲线显示,临床模型的曲线下面积为0.739(95%CI:0.621~0.858),影像组学模型的曲线下面积为0.788(95%CI:0.683~0.894),联合模型的曲线下面积为0.897(95%CI:0.816~0.977),临床模型、影像组学模型预测患者预后的曲线下面积均低于联合模型。结论临床因素与颈动脉斑块CT影像组学联合模型预测老年急性脑卒中患者预后不良具有较高的临床价值。展开更多
基金This work is supported by the Sichuan education department research project(No.16226483)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2018GZDZX0008)+1 种基金Chengdu Science and Technology Program(No.2018-YF08-00007-GX)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61872087).
文摘Multi-server authenticated key agreement schemes have attracted great attention to both academia and industry in recent years.However,traditional authenticated key agreement schemes in the single-server environment are not suitable for the multi-server environment because the user has to register on each server when he/she wishes to log in various servers for different service.Moreover,it is unreasonable to consider all servers are trusted since the server in a multi-server environment may be a semi-trusted party.In order to overcome these difficulties,we designed a secure three-factor multi-server authenticated key agreement protocol based on elliptic curve cryptography,which needs the user to register only once at the registration center in order to access all semi-trusted servers.The proposed scheme can not only against various known attacks but also provides high computational efficiency.Besides,we have proved our scheme fulfills mutual authentication by using the authentication test method.
基金the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China under Grant No.61772185.
文摘As an indispensable part of the Intelli-gent Transportation System(ITS),the vehicular ad-hoc network(VANET)has attracted widespread atten-tion from academia and industry.In order to ensure the security of VANET,vehicles need to be authen-ticated before accessing the network.Most existing authentication protocols in VANET adopt the Trusted Authority(TA)with centralized structure which is re-sponsible for the authentication tasks of all vehicles.However,the large-scale network consume a lot of computing resources,which leads to unacceptable de-lay in message transmission in VANET.For reducing the computational cost of TA,an efficient three-factor privacy-preserving authentication and key agreement protocol was proposed in our paper.Different from before,the RoadSide Unit(RSU)no longer acts as an intermediate node but is responsible for assisting user authentication,which lead to the computational cost of TA is very low.Through formal and informal analysis,our protocol demonstrates excellent security.Com-pared with previous studies,our work emerges advan-tages and superiorities in the following aspects:com-putational cost,communication cost,security proper-ties and functions,message loss ratio,and message de-lay.These data and evidence indicate that our protocol is an ideal choice for large-scale VANET.
文摘Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used to monitor various environmental conditions including movement, pollution level, temperature, humidity, and etc. Secure authentication is very important for the success of WSNs. Li <i>et al</i>. proposed a three-factor anonymous authentication scheme in WSNs over Internet of things (IoT). They argued that their authentication scheme achieves more security and functional features, which are required for WSNs over IoT. Especially, they insisted that their user authentication scheme provides security against sensor node impersonation attack, and resists session-specific temporary information attack and various other attacks. However, this paper shows some security weaknesses in Li <i>et al</i>.’s scheme, especially focused on sensor node masquerading attack, known session-specific temporary information attack and deficiency of perfect forward secrecy. Especially, security considerations are very important to the modern IoT based applications. Thereby, the result of this paper could be very helpful for the IoT security researches.
基金grants from the “Progamme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique” (PHRC) the “Université Lyon 1” (BQR) the “Conseil Scientifique de la Recherche, CH Le Vinatier”
文摘Evidence suggests that the structure of psychosis-proneness in the general population may involve three distinct related dimensions. Therefore we conducted a study, using a wider range of measures, to explore the factorial structure of schizotypy assessed by a mixed self-report Schizotypal Traits Questionnaire (mSTQ) in young French healthy individuals. Raine’s Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire [SPQ] and four of the Chapman’s scales [Magical Ideation Scale-MIS;Perceptual Aberration Scale-PAS;Revised Physical Anhedonia Scale-PhA and Revised Social Anhedonia Scale-SA] were combined to form a mSTQ which was administered to 232 French undergraduate students aged from 18 to 25 years old. A Principal Component Analysis [PCA] was carried out on scores for each scale to examine the factorial structure of schizotypal traits in this sample. PCA evidenced a three-factor model of schizotypy in the sample as a whole and even in the lower score sub-sample. The three factors were “positive or cognitive-perceptual”, “negative or social-interpersonal” and “disorganization” latent. Schizotypy, as assessed by these scales, is a multidimensional construct composed by at least three dimensions in this nonclinical sample. This factorial structure is similar to those of schizophrenia symptoms which raise the hypothesis of a continuum from normality to schizophrenia via schizotypal
基金supported by Russian Science Foundation(Grant 23-78-30005).
文摘Executive functions(EFs)as a set of cognitive processes play a crucial role in developing children's higher mental functions and academic success.Regardless of the number of studies conducted on EFs,current findings on the structure of cognitive functions as a whole or multifaceted construct are mixed.This study aims to evaluate and compare the latent factor structure of EFs in preschool-aged children(5-7 years)and school-aged children(7-9 years)to identify this structure across two age groups.The study involved 500 children divided into four age groups:senior kindergarten groups,preparatory kindergarten groups,first grade groups,and second grade groups.The participants were assessed using the NEPSY-II neuropsychological battery and the Dimensional Change Card Sort task.The results revealed that a three-factor model of EFs,comprising inhibitory control,working memory,and cognitive flexibility,best fits the data across all age groups.This suggests an earlier differentiation of EFs components,starting at the age of 5,which contradicts some previous studies proposing one-or two-factor structures in preschool age.Correlation analysis showed statistically moderate relationships between EFs components,which weakened by the second grade,potentially indicating stabilization in EFs development during early school years.The findings support the unity and diversity model of EFs and emphasize the importance of conducting longitudinal research to clarify the factors influencing EFs development over time.
基金This study was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant No.2021ZD0111204the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.72073127 and 71988101.
文摘Statistical analysis of COVID-19 mortality is challenging due to its non-stationarity and cross-sectional instability.In this paper,the authors introduce a unified method to evaluate the fatality rate of COVID-19 across countries,whose method provides more reliable information for cross-country comparison than the traditional case-fatality rate(CFR).It emerges that the new method,the blockwise case-fatality rate(BCFR),varies for different countries and in different periods.The authors also decompose the COVID-19 fatality data by three factors:1)The virus infection dynamics over population in different countries,2)pure distribution and evolution of instantaneous death rate attributed to different individual’s physical characteristics such as age and health,and 3)individual countries’variations affecting interactions between the virus infection and the instantaneous mortality due to individual’s physical characteristics.Based on the new three-factor model,the authors obtain six key findings of the COVID-19 fatality rate.Our study suggests that,on average,the estimated instantaneous fatality rate contributes about 57.0%to the global BCFR while the time-varying weight contributes about 41.5%in December 2020.The country-specific contribution of instantaneous fatality rate is significantly higher than that of the time-varying weight.Besides,the country-specific characteristics in demographical,social,and economic aspects would affect the relative severity of the disease.
文摘目的分析临床因素与颈动脉斑块CT影像组学联合模型对老年急性脑卒中患者预后不良的预测价值。方法回顾性选取2022年6月至2024年12月南阳市第一人民医院收治的150例老年急性脑卒中患者,均接受颈动脉斑块CT检查。根据患者发病后3个月的改良Rankin量表评分,将其分为预后良好组(96例)和预后不良组(54例),对比两组临床资料。采用多因素logistic回归分析筛选影响患者预后的相关因素,并基于相关因素构建临床模型。对影像组学特征进行降维处理,采用最小绝对收缩和选择算子算法(least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,LASSO)回归模型筛选出与患者预后不良相关的影像组学特征,并构建影像组学模型。构建临床模型与影像组学模型的联合模型,采用ROC曲线评估联合模型对患者预后的预测价值。结果预后良好组与预后不良组的发病至入院时间、入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,发病至入院时间越长(OR=2.524,95%CI:1.085~3.964)、入院时NIHSS评分越高(OR=2.787,95%CI:1.170~4.404)均为预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。从颈动脉斑块CT图像中成功提取出120个影像组学特征。经LASSO进一步降维后筛选出斑块体积、平均CT值、灰度共生矩阵对比度、灰度游程矩阵灰度不均匀性和小波变换高频系数5个特征。ROC曲线显示,临床模型的曲线下面积为0.739(95%CI:0.621~0.858),影像组学模型的曲线下面积为0.788(95%CI:0.683~0.894),联合模型的曲线下面积为0.897(95%CI:0.816~0.977),临床模型、影像组学模型预测患者预后的曲线下面积均低于联合模型。结论临床因素与颈动脉斑块CT影像组学联合模型预测老年急性脑卒中患者预后不良具有较高的临床价值。
