Clinical testing of patients for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndromes began in the mid-1990s with the identification of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.Since then,mutations in dozens of other genes have been corre...Clinical testing of patients for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndromes began in the mid-1990s with the identification of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.Since then,mutations in dozens of other genes have been correlated to increased breast,ovarian,and other cancer risk.The following decades of data collection and patient advocacy allowed for improvements in medical,legal,social,and ethical advances in genetic testing.Technological advances have made it possible to sequence multiple genes at once in a panel to give patients a more thorough evaluation of their personal cancer risk.Panel testing increases the detection of mutations that lead to increased risk of breast,ovarian,and other cancers and can better guide individualized screening measures compared to limited BRCA testing alone.At the same time,multi-gene panel testing is more time-and cost-efficient.While the clinical application of panel testing is in its infancy,many problems arise such as lack of guidelines for management of newly identified gene mutations,high rates of variants of uncertain significance,and limited ability to screen for some cancers.Through on-going concerted efforts of pooled data collection and analysis,it is likely that the benefits of multi-gene panel testing will outweigh the risks in the near future.展开更多
This paper presents a numerical analysis of a material test program investigating the crack opening properties of fibre reinforced concrete （FRC） round determinate panels （RDP）. The objective of this research is t...This paper presents a numerical analysis of a material test program investigating the crack opening properties of fibre reinforced concrete （FRC） round determinate panels （RDP）. The objective of this research is to set up a modified RDP test method to improve the current ASTM C1550 test method for FRC and fibre reinforced shotcrete （FRS） composite. By this test method, light small-diameter panels are applied and more crack information can be obtained by a new rotation angle measuring technique. It is shown that this modified test method can be used to effectively evaluate the crack opening resistance of FRC. The finite element analysis was then performed to clarify the crack propaga- tions and failure mode of FRC RDP panels. It helps establish a reasonable theoretical method to predict the structural response of RDP. combining with this modified testing technioue.展开更多
The sonic fatigue life of the aluminium rectangular panel was calculated using the concise method[1], and the sonic fatigue test was conducted on progressive wave tube (PWT) test facility. A comparison was made betwee...The sonic fatigue life of the aluminium rectangular panel was calculated using the concise method[1], and the sonic fatigue test was conducted on progressive wave tube (PWT) test facility. A comparison was made between the results of calculation and test, and it shows reasonable agreement between these two results.展开更多
This study tests the hysteresis hypothesis of unemployment in fifteen OECD countries by using panel unit root tests which allow for structural breaks. We apply annual unemployment rates covering 1985-2008 periods. We ...This study tests the hysteresis hypothesis of unemployment in fifteen OECD countries by using panel unit root tests which allow for structural breaks. We apply annual unemployment rates covering 1985-2008 periods. We test whether unemployment rates are stationary by using second generation tests which allow cross section dependency among series and panel unit root test based on structural break advanced by Carrion-i-Silvestre, Barrio-Castro and Lopez-Bazo （2005）. We find series as a stationary process with structural breaks according to Carrion-i Silvestre et al. （2005） test, while we find series as unit root process with second generation panel unit root test. According to the Carrion-i Silvestre et al. （2005） test, we find the evidence of absence of hysteresis in analyzed countries. As a result, temporary shocks have temporary effects on unemployment instead of permanent effect. Structural factors can affect the natural rate of unemployment and, therefore, unemployment would be stationary around a process that is subject to structural breaks. So, there still exists a unique natural rate of unemployment to which the economy eventually will converge.展开更多
This study investigates the convergence hypothesis and stochastic dynamics of agricultural land use and ecological balance across 13 major agricultural countries from 1992 to 2022.The study's concentrated samples ...This study investigates the convergence hypothesis and stochastic dynamics of agricultural land use and ecological balance across 13 major agricultural countries from 1992 to 2022.The study's concentrated samples are Russia,the United States,the Netherlands,Brazil,Germany,China,France,Spain,Italy,Canada,Belgium,Indonesia,and India.The research uncovers notable variations in ecological balance by utilizing a comprehensive set of advanced panel unit root tests(Panel CIPS,CADF,Panel-LM,Panel-KPSS,and Bahmani-Oskooee et al.’s Panel KPSS Unit Root Test).The findings highlight significant improvements in Canada,contrasting with declines in the Netherlands,France,Germany,and the United States.The results indicate convergence in ecological balance among these countries,suggesting that agricultural practices are progressively aligning with sustainability objectives.The considered countries can determine and enact joint and collective policy actions addressing cropland sustainability.However,the univariate outcome also shows that the cropland ecological balance of Germany,China,France,Indonesia,and India does contain a unit root and stationary which means the presence of the constant-mean.The univariate actions from the mentioned governments will not promote persistent impact.Therefore,joint actions determined by the countries considered are recommended for the mentioned countries.However,the rest of the countries also enact local policies.The insights gained are critical for informing global sustainability strategies and aiding policymakers in developing effective measures to enhance agricultural practices and mitigate environmental impacts.This research provides a data-driven foundation for optimizing agricultural sustainability and supports international efforts to achieve long-term ecological stability.展开更多
Severe damage to suspended ceilings of metal grids and lay-in panels was observed in public buildings during the 2013 M7.0 Lushan earthquake in China. Over the past several years, suspended ceilings have been widely u...Severe damage to suspended ceilings of metal grids and lay-in panels was observed in public buildings during the 2013 M7.0 Lushan earthquake in China. Over the past several years, suspended ceilings have been widely used practice in public buildings throughout China, including government offices, schools and hospitals. To investigate the damage mechanism of suspended ceilings, a series of three-dimensional shake table tests was conducted to reproduce the observed damage. A full-scale reinforced concrete frame was constructed as the testing frame for the ceiling, which was single-story and infilled with brick masonry walls to represent the local construction of low-rise buildings. In general, the ceiling in the tests exhibited similar damage phenomena as the field observations, such as higher vulnerability of perimeter elements and extensive damage to the cross runners. However, it exhibited lower fragility in terms of peak ground/roof accelerations at the initiation of damage. Further investigations are needed to clarify the reasons for this behavior.展开更多
文摘Clinical testing of patients for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndromes began in the mid-1990s with the identification of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.Since then,mutations in dozens of other genes have been correlated to increased breast,ovarian,and other cancer risk.The following decades of data collection and patient advocacy allowed for improvements in medical,legal,social,and ethical advances in genetic testing.Technological advances have made it possible to sequence multiple genes at once in a panel to give patients a more thorough evaluation of their personal cancer risk.Panel testing increases the detection of mutations that lead to increased risk of breast,ovarian,and other cancers and can better guide individualized screening measures compared to limited BRCA testing alone.At the same time,multi-gene panel testing is more time-and cost-efficient.While the clinical application of panel testing is in its infancy,many problems arise such as lack of guidelines for management of newly identified gene mutations,high rates of variants of uncertain significance,and limited ability to screen for some cancers.Through on-going concerted efforts of pooled data collection and analysis,it is likely that the benefits of multi-gene panel testing will outweigh the risks in the near future.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50708084)Wuhan Chenguang Science and Technology Project for Young Experts (20035002016-30)
文摘This paper presents a numerical analysis of a material test program investigating the crack opening properties of fibre reinforced concrete （FRC） round determinate panels （RDP）. The objective of this research is to set up a modified RDP test method to improve the current ASTM C1550 test method for FRC and fibre reinforced shotcrete （FRS） composite. By this test method, light small-diameter panels are applied and more crack information can be obtained by a new rotation angle measuring technique. It is shown that this modified test method can be used to effectively evaluate the crack opening resistance of FRC. The finite element analysis was then performed to clarify the crack propaga- tions and failure mode of FRC RDP panels. It helps establish a reasonable theoretical method to predict the structural response of RDP. combining with this modified testing technioue.
文摘The sonic fatigue life of the aluminium rectangular panel was calculated using the concise method[1], and the sonic fatigue test was conducted on progressive wave tube (PWT) test facility. A comparison was made between the results of calculation and test, and it shows reasonable agreement between these two results.
文摘This study tests the hysteresis hypothesis of unemployment in fifteen OECD countries by using panel unit root tests which allow for structural breaks. We apply annual unemployment rates covering 1985-2008 periods. We test whether unemployment rates are stationary by using second generation tests which allow cross section dependency among series and panel unit root test based on structural break advanced by Carrion-i-Silvestre, Barrio-Castro and Lopez-Bazo （2005）. We find series as a stationary process with structural breaks according to Carrion-i Silvestre et al. （2005） test, while we find series as unit root process with second generation panel unit root test. According to the Carrion-i Silvestre et al. （2005） test, we find the evidence of absence of hysteresis in analyzed countries. As a result, temporary shocks have temporary effects on unemployment instead of permanent effect. Structural factors can affect the natural rate of unemployment and, therefore, unemployment would be stationary around a process that is subject to structural breaks. So, there still exists a unique natural rate of unemployment to which the economy eventually will converge.
文摘This study investigates the convergence hypothesis and stochastic dynamics of agricultural land use and ecological balance across 13 major agricultural countries from 1992 to 2022.The study's concentrated samples are Russia,the United States,the Netherlands,Brazil,Germany,China,France,Spain,Italy,Canada,Belgium,Indonesia,and India.The research uncovers notable variations in ecological balance by utilizing a comprehensive set of advanced panel unit root tests(Panel CIPS,CADF,Panel-LM,Panel-KPSS,and Bahmani-Oskooee et al.’s Panel KPSS Unit Root Test).The findings highlight significant improvements in Canada,contrasting with declines in the Netherlands,France,Germany,and the United States.The results indicate convergence in ecological balance among these countries,suggesting that agricultural practices are progressively aligning with sustainability objectives.The considered countries can determine and enact joint and collective policy actions addressing cropland sustainability.However,the univariate outcome also shows that the cropland ecological balance of Germany,China,France,Indonesia,and India does contain a unit root and stationary which means the presence of the constant-mean.The univariate actions from the mentioned governments will not promote persistent impact.Therefore,joint actions determined by the countries considered are recommended for the mentioned countries.However,the rest of the countries also enact local policies.The insights gained are critical for informing global sustainability strategies and aiding policymakers in developing effective measures to enhance agricultural practices and mitigate environmental impacts.This research provides a data-driven foundation for optimizing agricultural sustainability and supports international efforts to achieve long-term ecological stability.
基金Research fund for earthquake engineering of China Earthquake Administration(201508023)a project of the National Science&Technology Support Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period of China(2015BAK17B03)a general program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(51578515)
文摘Severe damage to suspended ceilings of metal grids and lay-in panels was observed in public buildings during the 2013 M7.0 Lushan earthquake in China. Over the past several years, suspended ceilings have been widely used practice in public buildings throughout China, including government offices, schools and hospitals. To investigate the damage mechanism of suspended ceilings, a series of three-dimensional shake table tests was conducted to reproduce the observed damage. A full-scale reinforced concrete frame was constructed as the testing frame for the ceiling, which was single-story and infilled with brick masonry walls to represent the local construction of low-rise buildings. In general, the ceiling in the tests exhibited similar damage phenomena as the field observations, such as higher vulnerability of perimeter elements and extensive damage to the cross runners. However, it exhibited lower fragility in terms of peak ground/roof accelerations at the initiation of damage. Further investigations are needed to clarify the reasons for this behavior.
