Before his multi-stop visit to Mexico, Argentina, Peru, Colombia and Jamaica in Latin America and the Caribbean （LAC） early February 2018, then U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson released many signals for Latin A...Before his multi-stop visit to Mexico, Argentina, Peru, Colombia and Jamaica in Latin America and the Caribbean （LAC） early February 2018, then U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson released many signals for Latin America. Especially in his remarks at the University of Texas at Austin, he portrayed the presence of China and Russia in LAC as a ＂new imperial power＂ and called on nations of Latin America and the Caribbean to review and reassess China-LAC relations. By identifying China and Russia as critical reference variables for future U.S.- Latin America relations, he obviously went beyond the bilateral level of U.S.- Latin relations and implied the important changes in U.S. policy toward LAC that pressured by growing influence of extra-regional actors in LAC, the United States might strengthen its diplomatic efforts in LAC to maintain and consolidate its dominance in the region.展开更多
The precipitated silica matting agent was synthesized by chem-deposit method,sodium silicate and sulfurric acid as raw materials,appending dispersant and surfactant.The optimal parameters for the required precipitated...The precipitated silica matting agent was synthesized by chem-deposit method,sodium silicate and sulfurric acid as raw materials,appending dispersant and surfactant.The optimal parameters for the required precipitated silica with excellent properties are temperature 70～85℃,pH value 9,reaction liquid mass concentration 20%,the calcined temperature between 450～480℃.The result shows that the prepared precipitated silica pore volume is 1.0～1.3cm3/g,the partical size is smaller than 10um,D50 approximately 5um.The surface area is 320～430m2/g,the pore size is between 147～388.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor （EGFR-TKI） targeted treatment has been a standard therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）, but it is not tolerated well by al...BACKGROUND： Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor （EGFR-TKI） targeted treatment has been a standard therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）, but it is not tolerated well by all patients. In China, some studies have reported that traditional Chinese medicinal herbs （TCMHs） may increase efficacy and reduce toxicity when combined with EGFR-TKI, but outside of China few studies of this kind have been attempted. OBJECTIVE： This study is intended to systematically review the existing clinical evidence on TCMHs combined with EGFR-TKI for treatment of advanced NSCLC. SEARCH STRATEGY： PubMed, the Cochrane Library, the Excerpta Medica Database （EMBASE）, the China BioMedical Literature （CBM）, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI） and web site of the American Society of Clinical Oncology （ASCO）, the European Society for Medical Oncology （ESMO）, the World Conference of Lung Cancer （WCLC） were searched; the search included all documents published in English or Chinese before October 2013. INCLUSION CRITERIA： We selected randomized controlled trials based on specific criteria, the most important of which was that a TCMH plus EGFR-TKI treatment group was compared with an EGFR-TKI control group in patients with advanced NSCLC. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS： The modified Jadad scale was used to assess the quality of studies. For each included study, patient characteristics, treatment details, therapeutic approach and clinical outcomes were collected on a standardized form. When disagreements on study inclusion or data extracted from a study emerged, the consensus of all coauthors provided the resolution. The clinical outcome metrics consisted of objective response rate （ORR; complete response ＋ partial response divided by the total number of patients）, disease control rate （DCR; complete response ＋ partial response ＋ no change divided by the total number of patients）, survival rate, improved or stabilized Karnofsky performance status （KPS）, and severe toxicity. RevMan 5.0 software was used for data syntheses and analyses. Risk ratio （RR） and 95% confidence interval （CI） were calculated; if the hypothesis of homogeneity was not rejected （P〉0.1, I2〈50%）, the fixed-effect model was used to calculate the summary RR and the 95% CI. Otherwise, a random-effect model was used.展开更多
文摘Before his multi-stop visit to Mexico, Argentina, Peru, Colombia and Jamaica in Latin America and the Caribbean （LAC） early February 2018, then U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson released many signals for Latin America. Especially in his remarks at the University of Texas at Austin, he portrayed the presence of China and Russia in LAC as a ＂new imperial power＂ and called on nations of Latin America and the Caribbean to review and reassess China-LAC relations. By identifying China and Russia as critical reference variables for future U.S.- Latin America relations, he obviously went beyond the bilateral level of U.S.- Latin relations and implied the important changes in U.S. policy toward LAC that pressured by growing influence of extra-regional actors in LAC, the United States might strengthen its diplomatic efforts in LAC to maintain and consolidate its dominance in the region.
文摘The precipitated silica matting agent was synthesized by chem-deposit method,sodium silicate and sulfurric acid as raw materials,appending dispersant and surfactant.The optimal parameters for the required precipitated silica with excellent properties are temperature 70～85℃,pH value 9,reaction liquid mass concentration 20%,the calcined temperature between 450～480℃.The result shows that the prepared precipitated silica pore volume is 1.0～1.3cm3/g,the partical size is smaller than 10um,D50 approximately 5um.The surface area is 320～430m2/g,the pore size is between 147～388.
基金supported by business proposals research and special topics of 2012 Annual National TCM Clinical Research Base (No. JDZX2012119)
文摘BACKGROUND： Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor （EGFR-TKI） targeted treatment has been a standard therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）, but it is not tolerated well by all patients. In China, some studies have reported that traditional Chinese medicinal herbs （TCMHs） may increase efficacy and reduce toxicity when combined with EGFR-TKI, but outside of China few studies of this kind have been attempted. OBJECTIVE： This study is intended to systematically review the existing clinical evidence on TCMHs combined with EGFR-TKI for treatment of advanced NSCLC. SEARCH STRATEGY： PubMed, the Cochrane Library, the Excerpta Medica Database （EMBASE）, the China BioMedical Literature （CBM）, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI） and web site of the American Society of Clinical Oncology （ASCO）, the European Society for Medical Oncology （ESMO）, the World Conference of Lung Cancer （WCLC） were searched; the search included all documents published in English or Chinese before October 2013. INCLUSION CRITERIA： We selected randomized controlled trials based on specific criteria, the most important of which was that a TCMH plus EGFR-TKI treatment group was compared with an EGFR-TKI control group in patients with advanced NSCLC. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS： The modified Jadad scale was used to assess the quality of studies. For each included study, patient characteristics, treatment details, therapeutic approach and clinical outcomes were collected on a standardized form. When disagreements on study inclusion or data extracted from a study emerged, the consensus of all coauthors provided the resolution. The clinical outcome metrics consisted of objective response rate （ORR; complete response ＋ partial response divided by the total number of patients）, disease control rate （DCR; complete response ＋ partial response ＋ no change divided by the total number of patients）, survival rate, improved or stabilized Karnofsky performance status （KPS）, and severe toxicity. RevMan 5.0 software was used for data syntheses and analyses. Risk ratio （RR） and 95% confidence interval （CI） were calculated; if the hypothesis of homogeneity was not rejected （P〉0.1, I2〈50%）, the fixed-effect model was used to calculate the summary RR and the 95% CI. Otherwise, a random-effect model was used.
