Based on researches of the crop potential productivity,the potential productivity of light,temperature,water and land from wheat in China were calculated respectively,and converted into the potential productivity of w...Based on researches of the crop potential productivity,the potential productivity of light,temperature,water and land from wheat in China were calculated respectively,and converted into the potential productivity of wheat straw according to the coefficient of grain-straw ratio of wheat.Furthermore,based on the wheat planting area in 2006,the potential yield of wheat straw fiber in China was estimated.The results showed that the potential yield of wheat straw fiber in China could reach 94.91 million ton,which could provide evidence for the further potential analysis of bio-ethanol.展开更多
The semi-carbonization method is a kind of waste treatment to carbonize rice straw fiber at low semi-carbon temperature. The rice straw fiber is carbonized incompletely, which serves as building materials additive. Th...The semi-carbonization method is a kind of waste treatment to carbonize rice straw fiber at low semi-carbon temperature. The rice straw fiber is carbonized incompletely, which serves as building materials additive. The results reveal that the optimized carbonization condition is at 313 ℃ for 20-40 min with H3PO4 as activator. The structure of semi-carbonized straw fiber displays a large quantity of micropores, with which the wall thickness and the pore diameter are in the range of 1-4 μm, presenting the iodine sorption value of 1 320-1 470 mL/g and the methylene blue sorption value of 1 330-1 460 mg/g, respectively. Moreover, the acidic oxygen-containing groups impart the structure higher sorption of polar molecules. The semi-carbonized rice straw fiber with open and closed micro-mesopores demonstrates good hygroscopicity, implying the potential application as a functional additive in building materials.展开更多
The silicification of rice straw is a factor that affects the grain production and straw nutritive quality. The procedure of chemical analysis for silicon in straw is, however, time and labor consuming, and slightly p...The silicification of rice straw is a factor that affects the grain production and straw nutritive quality. The procedure of chemical analysis for silicon in straw is, however, time and labor consuming, and slightly poor in accuracy. The study has attempted to apply near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) technique as an advanced alternative to predict the fiber composition and silicification in rice straw. Ninety-two samples from different seasons and varieties were collected over the Fujian Province. Their chemical analyses were carried on the aspects of hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, extractable and non-extractable silicon, and the results were used as a database for NIRS analyses. The prediction model was developed through modified partial least square regression (MPLS) for a calibration program. The factors that may affect the calibration, cross-validation and the prediction for the application of NIRS on rice straw were also discussed.展开更多
Straw fiber-reinforced cement board made from straw fiber and cement was prepared by semi-dry processing technology to investigate the effects of alkali treatment on the mechanical properties of the board.The results ...Straw fiber-reinforced cement board made from straw fiber and cement was prepared by semi-dry processing technology to investigate the effects of alkali treatment on the mechanical properties of the board.The results indicate that the board fibers were treated with 1%alkali solution showed obvious improvements in mechanical properties.After alkali treatment,hemi-celluloses of straw fiber were hydrolyzed and dissolved,which avoided hemi-celluloses hydrolyzing into monosaccharide to hinder the solidifying of cement. The fibers surface became rough,which increased the mechanical interweaving force between cement and fibers.Thereby the board’s mechanical properties were improved.At the same time,the increase of tensile strength and aspect ratio of the fibers improved the mechanical properties.展开更多
Rice straw is always regarded as a by-product of rice production,but it could be a significant energy source for ruminant animals.Knowledge of the genetic variation and genetic architecture of cell wall traits will fa...Rice straw is always regarded as a by-product of rice production,but it could be a significant energy source for ruminant animals.Knowledge of the genetic variation and genetic architecture of cell wall traits will facilitate rice breeders by improving relevant traits through selective breeding and genetic engineering.The common wild rice,Oryza rufipogon Griff.,which is considered to be the progenitor of Oryza sativa,has been widely utilized for the identification of genes of agronomic importance for rice genetic improvement.In the present study,the mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for acid detergent fiber (ADF),neutral detergent fiber (NDF),acid detergent lignin (ADL),and ADL/NDF ratio was carried out in two environments using a backcrossed inbred line (BIL) population derived from a cross between the recurrent parent Xieqingzao B (XB) and an accession of Dongxiang wild rice (DWR).The results indicated that all four traits tested were continuously distributed among the BILs,but many BILs showed transgressive segregation.A total of 16 QTLs were identified for the four traits,but no QTLs were in common in two environments,suggesting that environment has dramatic effects on fiber and lignin syntheses.Compared to the QTL positions for grain yield-related traits,there were no unfavorable correlations between grain yield components and cell wall traits in this population.The QTLs identified in this study are useful for the development of dual-purpose rice varieties that are high in grain yield and are also high in straw quality.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation(70741032)~~
文摘Based on researches of the crop potential productivity,the potential productivity of light,temperature,water and land from wheat in China were calculated respectively,and converted into the potential productivity of wheat straw according to the coefficient of grain-straw ratio of wheat.Furthermore,based on the wheat planting area in 2006,the potential yield of wheat straw fiber in China was estimated.The results showed that the potential yield of wheat straw fiber in China could reach 94.91 million ton,which could provide evidence for the further potential analysis of bio-ethanol.
基金Funded by Key Projects of the National Science&Technology Pillar Program(No.2013BAC13B01)Independent Research of State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures
文摘The semi-carbonization method is a kind of waste treatment to carbonize rice straw fiber at low semi-carbon temperature. The rice straw fiber is carbonized incompletely, which serves as building materials additive. The results reveal that the optimized carbonization condition is at 313 ℃ for 20-40 min with H3PO4 as activator. The structure of semi-carbonized straw fiber displays a large quantity of micropores, with which the wall thickness and the pore diameter are in the range of 1-4 μm, presenting the iodine sorption value of 1 320-1 470 mL/g and the methylene blue sorption value of 1 330-1 460 mg/g, respectively. Moreover, the acidic oxygen-containing groups impart the structure higher sorption of polar molecules. The semi-carbonized rice straw fiber with open and closed micro-mesopores demonstrates good hygroscopicity, implying the potential application as a functional additive in building materials.
文摘The silicification of rice straw is a factor that affects the grain production and straw nutritive quality. The procedure of chemical analysis for silicon in straw is, however, time and labor consuming, and slightly poor in accuracy. The study has attempted to apply near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) technique as an advanced alternative to predict the fiber composition and silicification in rice straw. Ninety-two samples from different seasons and varieties were collected over the Fujian Province. Their chemical analyses were carried on the aspects of hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, extractable and non-extractable silicon, and the results were used as a database for NIRS analyses. The prediction model was developed through modified partial least square regression (MPLS) for a calibration program. The factors that may affect the calibration, cross-validation and the prediction for the application of NIRS on rice straw were also discussed.
文摘Straw fiber-reinforced cement board made from straw fiber and cement was prepared by semi-dry processing technology to investigate the effects of alkali treatment on the mechanical properties of the board.The results indicate that the board fibers were treated with 1%alkali solution showed obvious improvements in mechanical properties.After alkali treatment,hemi-celluloses of straw fiber were hydrolyzed and dissolved,which avoided hemi-celluloses hydrolyzing into monosaccharide to hinder the solidifying of cement. The fibers surface became rough,which increased the mechanical interweaving force between cement and fibers.Thereby the board’s mechanical properties were improved.At the same time,the increase of tensile strength and aspect ratio of the fibers improved the mechanical properties.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2002CCC00800)the Jiangxi Provincial Inviting Tender Project for Principal Research Topic (No. 20068)the Ministry of Agriculture of China (Nos. 200803034 and 201103007)
文摘Rice straw is always regarded as a by-product of rice production,but it could be a significant energy source for ruminant animals.Knowledge of the genetic variation and genetic architecture of cell wall traits will facilitate rice breeders by improving relevant traits through selective breeding and genetic engineering.The common wild rice,Oryza rufipogon Griff.,which is considered to be the progenitor of Oryza sativa,has been widely utilized for the identification of genes of agronomic importance for rice genetic improvement.In the present study,the mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for acid detergent fiber (ADF),neutral detergent fiber (NDF),acid detergent lignin (ADL),and ADL/NDF ratio was carried out in two environments using a backcrossed inbred line (BIL) population derived from a cross between the recurrent parent Xieqingzao B (XB) and an accession of Dongxiang wild rice (DWR).The results indicated that all four traits tested were continuously distributed among the BILs,but many BILs showed transgressive segregation.A total of 16 QTLs were identified for the four traits,but no QTLs were in common in two environments,suggesting that environment has dramatic effects on fiber and lignin syntheses.Compared to the QTL positions for grain yield-related traits,there were no unfavorable correlations between grain yield components and cell wall traits in this population.The QTLs identified in this study are useful for the development of dual-purpose rice varieties that are high in grain yield and are also high in straw quality.
