摘要
秸秆纤维帘生态护坡技术是一种以铺设秸秆纤维帘+植草为核心的新型护坡技术,秸秆纤维帘主要起到抗雨水冲蚀的作用。为了探究各类秸秆纤维帘防护路堤边坡的抗冲蚀特性和机理,自制了95 cm×65 cm×50 cm(长×高×宽)的模型箱,采用南通绕城高速公路项目使用的A型和B型秸秆纤维帘开展了边坡抗冲蚀试验。试验主要通过测试覆盖秸秆纤维帘边坡的产流产沙规律和渗流规律来开展秸秆纤维帘抗冲蚀特性和机理等的研究。试验结果表明:A型秸秆纤维帘以条形秸秆纤维编织而成,能够有效降低边坡径流量和产沙率,减小雨水流速,滞水减沙作用效果最好。B型秸秆纤维帘以较粗的秸秆条编织而成,具有一定的滞水减沙作用,但横向和竖向的布置形式对滞水减沙的作用效果影响较大,综合分析得出B型竖向秸秆纤维帘的滞水减沙作用优于B型横向。降雨后A型和B型竖向秸秆纤维帘边坡冲沟以较浅的长条形冲沟和片蚀区域为主,B型横向秸秆纤维帘边坡冲沟以较深的短型冲沟为主。覆盖秸秆纤维帘边坡基质吸力的变化随着降雨时间主要呈现初始稳定阶段、快速上升阶段和饱和阶段,秸秆纤维帘在滞水减沙的过程中容易造成雨水汇流和入渗速率的提高。试验结果可为秸秆纤维帘生态防护技术的施工优化和推广应用提供参考。
Straw fiber curtain ecological slope protection technology is a new type of slope protection technology with laying straw fiber curtain and planting grass as the core.The straw fiber curtain mainly plays a role in resisting rainwater erosion.To explore the anti-erosion characteristics and mechanism of various straw fiber curtains protecting embankment slope,a model box of 95 cm×65 cm×50 cm(length×height×width)was made,and the slope anti-erosion test was carried out by using A-type and B-type straw fiber curtains used in the Nantong ring expressway project.Through testing the runoff and sediment yield and seepage law of the slope covered with straw fiber curtain,the anti-erosion characteristics and mechanism of straw fiber curtain were studied.The test results show that the A-type straw fiber curtain is woven with strip straw fiber,which can effectively reduce slope runoff and sediment yield,reduce rainwater velocity,and has the best effect of stagnant water and sediment reduction.B-type straw fiber curtain is woven with thick straw strips,which has a certain effect of stagnant water and sediment reduction.But the horizontal and vertical layout has a great influence on the effect of stagnant water and sediment reduction.Comprehensive analysis shows that the vertical straw fiber curtain of B-type has better effect of stagnant water and sediment reduction than the horizontal straw fiber curtain of B-type.After rainfall,the gullies of A-type and B-type vertical straw fiber curtain slope are mainly shallow strip gullies and sheet erosion areas,while the gullies of B-type horizontal straw fiber curtain slope are mainly deep short gullies.The change of matrix suction of slope covered with straw fiber curtain mainly presents initial stable stage,rapid rising stage and saturated stage with rainfall time,and straw fiber curtain is easy to cause rainwater confluence and increase of infiltration rate in the process of stagnant water and sediment reduction.The test results can provide reference for the construction optimization and popularization of ecological protection technology of straw fiber curtain.
作者
钟祥勇
许锋
赵春彦
李洋
聂如松
张龙
ZHONG Xiangyong;XU Feng;ZHAO Chunyan;LI Yang;NIE Rusong;ZHANG Long(China Construction Infrastructure Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100029,China;School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)
出处
《铁道科学与工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期4009-4019,共11页
Journal of Railway Science and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2368210)
中建基础科技研发课题(CSCIC-2023-KT-(02))。
关键词
秸秆纤维帘
边坡冲蚀
滞水减沙
产流产沙规律
冲沟形态
渗流规律
straw fiber curtain
slope erosion
sediment reduction by stagnant water
runoff and sediment yield law
gully shape
seepage law
