A 45-d laboratory experiment was conducted to compare the effect of four crop straws on the transformations of organic matter （OM） during composting of sewage sludge. The four crop straws included rape straw, wheat ...A 45-d laboratory experiment was conducted to compare the effect of four crop straws on the transformations of organic matter （OM） during composting of sewage sludge. The four crop straws included rape straw, wheat straw, maize straw and rice straw. The following parameters such as temperature, OM, humic-like substances （HS）, fulvic-like acids （FA） and humic-like acids （HA） were determined. The degradation of OM and the formation of HS and HA could be described well by the first-order kinetic model, while the FA content fluctuated during composting. The maximal degradation rates of OM in the compost piles added with rape straw, wheat straw, maize straw and rice straw were 34.7, 46.9, 54.7 and 52.8%, respectively, and the final contents of HS were 118, 128, 141 and 134 g kg-1, respectively, while the humification indices were higher in the compost piles added with maize straw and wheat straw than in those with rice straw and rape straw. The results indicate that a higher hemicellulose content and a lower C/N ratio in crop straw can result in a higher rate of OM degradation and higher contents of HS, while a higher content of lignin can lead to a higher polymerization degree of humic substances in compost piles. The final compost piles added with maize straw has the highest contents of OM, total nitrogen and humus substance as well as the highest values of polymerization degree, while compost piles with rape straw have the highest potassium content and those with rice straw have the highest pH values.展开更多
为解决蔬菜废弃物碳氮比低、结构性差造成的难以单独堆肥的问题,探讨添加不同比例麦秸和猪粪对番茄秧堆肥过程中理化性质、腐熟度和微生物群落的影响。试验设置3个处理[蕃茄秧、麦秸和猪粪的鲜质量比分别为3∶1∶3(T1)、3∶2∶3(T2)和3...为解决蔬菜废弃物碳氮比低、结构性差造成的难以单独堆肥的问题,探讨添加不同比例麦秸和猪粪对番茄秧堆肥过程中理化性质、腐熟度和微生物群落的影响。试验设置3个处理[蕃茄秧、麦秸和猪粪的鲜质量比分别为3∶1∶3(T1)、3∶2∶3(T2)和3∶3∶3(T3)]进行混合堆肥试验。结果表明,T1、T2处理发酵温度50℃以上的高温期持续10 d以上,且堆肥产物满足T值<0.6、EC值<4 m S·cm^(-1)、种子发芽指数>80%的无害化和腐熟标准;T3处理未达到无害化和腐熟标准。与T2、T3处理相比,T1处理具有明显的氮保留优势且腐殖化程度更高,堆肥结束时,硝态氮含量和总氮含量较堆肥初期分别提高了58.5%和37.5%,腐殖质和腐殖酸含量较堆肥初期分别提高了30.1%和46.1%。相较于T3处理,T1和T2处理提高了堆体中放线菌门、厚壁菌门的丰度,促进了木质纤维素降解和腐殖质形成。综上,番茄秧、麦秸和猪粪的鲜质量比为3∶1∶3是最佳的混配比例,堆肥效果最好,更有利于物料腐熟和养分保存。展开更多
基金funded by the the Key Technologied R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan period (2013BAJ11B03)the Science & Technology Commission of Chongqing, China (CSTC, 2008AC7013)
文摘A 45-d laboratory experiment was conducted to compare the effect of four crop straws on the transformations of organic matter （OM） during composting of sewage sludge. The four crop straws included rape straw, wheat straw, maize straw and rice straw. The following parameters such as temperature, OM, humic-like substances （HS）, fulvic-like acids （FA） and humic-like acids （HA） were determined. The degradation of OM and the formation of HS and HA could be described well by the first-order kinetic model, while the FA content fluctuated during composting. The maximal degradation rates of OM in the compost piles added with rape straw, wheat straw, maize straw and rice straw were 34.7, 46.9, 54.7 and 52.8%, respectively, and the final contents of HS were 118, 128, 141 and 134 g kg-1, respectively, while the humification indices were higher in the compost piles added with maize straw and wheat straw than in those with rice straw and rape straw. The results indicate that a higher hemicellulose content and a lower C/N ratio in crop straw can result in a higher rate of OM degradation and higher contents of HS, while a higher content of lignin can lead to a higher polymerization degree of humic substances in compost piles. The final compost piles added with maize straw has the highest contents of OM, total nitrogen and humus substance as well as the highest values of polymerization degree, while compost piles with rape straw have the highest potassium content and those with rice straw have the highest pH values.
文摘为解决蔬菜废弃物碳氮比低、结构性差造成的难以单独堆肥的问题,探讨添加不同比例麦秸和猪粪对番茄秧堆肥过程中理化性质、腐熟度和微生物群落的影响。试验设置3个处理[蕃茄秧、麦秸和猪粪的鲜质量比分别为3∶1∶3(T1)、3∶2∶3(T2)和3∶3∶3(T3)]进行混合堆肥试验。结果表明,T1、T2处理发酵温度50℃以上的高温期持续10 d以上,且堆肥产物满足T值<0.6、EC值<4 m S·cm^(-1)、种子发芽指数>80%的无害化和腐熟标准;T3处理未达到无害化和腐熟标准。与T2、T3处理相比,T1处理具有明显的氮保留优势且腐殖化程度更高,堆肥结束时,硝态氮含量和总氮含量较堆肥初期分别提高了58.5%和37.5%,腐殖质和腐殖酸含量较堆肥初期分别提高了30.1%和46.1%。相较于T3处理,T1和T2处理提高了堆体中放线菌门、厚壁菌门的丰度,促进了木质纤维素降解和腐殖质形成。综上,番茄秧、麦秸和猪粪的鲜质量比为3∶1∶3是最佳的混配比例,堆肥效果最好,更有利于物料腐熟和养分保存。
