In order to solve the problem of poor formability caused by different materials and properties in the process of tailor-welded sheets forming,a forming method was proposed to change the stress state of tailor-welded s...In order to solve the problem of poor formability caused by different materials and properties in the process of tailor-welded sheets forming,a forming method was proposed to change the stress state of tailor-welded sheets by covering the tailor-welded sheets with better plastic properties overlapping sheets.At the same time,the interface friction effect between the overlapping and tailor-welded sheets was utilized to control the stress magnitude and further improve the formability and quality of the tailor-welded sheets.In this work,the bulging process of the tailor-welded overlapping sheets was taken as the research object.Aluminum alloy tailor-welded overlapping sheets bulging specimens were studied by a combination of finite element analysis and experimental verification.The results show that the appropriate use of interface friction between tailor-welded and overlapping sheets can improve the formability of tailor-welded sheets and control the flow of weld seam to improve the forming quality.When increasing the interface friction coefficient on the side of tailor-welded sheets with higher strength and decreasing that on the side of tailor-welded sheets with lower strength,the deformation of the tailor-welded sheets are more uniform,the offset of the weld seam is minimal,the limit bulging height is maximal,and the forming quality is optimal.展开更多
EuB_(6),a magnetic topological semimetal,has attracted considerable attention in recent years due to its rich intriguing physical properties,including a colossal negative magnetoresistance(CNMR)ratio exceeding-80%,a t...EuB_(6),a magnetic topological semimetal,has attracted considerable attention in recent years due to its rich intriguing physical properties,including a colossal negative magnetoresistance(CNMR)ratio exceeding-80%,a topological phase transition and a predicted quantum anomalous Hall effect(QAHE)approaching the two-dimensional(2D)limit.Yet,studies of the influence of the dimensionality approaching 2D on the electronic transport properties of EuB_(6) are still scarce.In this work,EuB_(6) thin sheets with thicknesses ranging from 35μm to 180μm were successfully fabricated through careful mechanical polishing of high-quality EuB_(6) single crystals.The reduced thickness,temperature and magnetic field have a strong influence on the electronic transport properties,including the CNMR and carrier concentration of EuB_(6) thin sheets.As the thickness of EuB_(6) thin sheets decreases from 180μm to 35μm,the magnetization transition temperature and the corresponding suppressing temperature of the Kondo effect decrease from 15.2 K to 10.9 K,while the CNMR ratio increases from-87.2%to-90.8%.Furthermore,the weak antilocalization effect transits to a weak localization effect and the carrier concentration increases by 9.4%at 30 K in a 35μm EuB_(6) thin sheet compared to the value reported for a 180μm thin sheet.Our findings demonstrate an obvious tunable effect of the reduced dimensionality on the transport properties of EuB_(6) along with the temperature and magnetic field,which could provide a route to exploring the QAHE near the 2D limit in EuB_(6) and other topological semimetals.展开更多
In this work,AZ31B extruded sheets with mixed-grain microstructures were prepared through extrusion.Samples of mixed-grain microstructure with different morphologies were selected from the AZ31B extruded sheets(referr...In this work,AZ31B extruded sheets with mixed-grain microstructures were prepared through extrusion.Samples of mixed-grain microstructure with different morphologies were selected from the AZ31B extruded sheets(referred to as M1 and M2 samples,respectively).The creep tests were performed on these samples at the temperature range of 150-200℃,and the stress level range of 50-100 MPa.The creep properties and fracture behavior of AZ31 extruded sheets with mixed-grain microstructures were studied.Results showed that the creep properties of the M2 sample always outperformed that of the M1 sample and M1 and M2 samples’creep was dominated by dislocation movement.The creep rate of M2 samples(1.5×10^(-7)±1.1×10^(-10) s^(-1))is an order of magnitude lower than that of M1 samples(4.8×10^(-6)±8.1×10^(-10) s^(-1))at 200℃under 50 MPa The high activity of basal slip and softening mechanism in the M1 sample significantly accelerated creep,resulting in a relatively high creep rate.Moreover,the stress concentration within the M1 sample caused by deformation incompatibility,increased the initiation and propagation of voids,ultimately leading to fracture and poorer creep performance.However,the numerous<10µm fine grains surrounding deformed coarse grains in the M2 sample facilitated better coordination of deformation through dislocation slip,effectively slowing down the initiation of voids during the creep process.Meanwhile,the strain was uniformly distributed within each grain,mitigating stress concentration,inhibiting voids propagation,and contributing to the superior creep resistance of the M2 sample.展开更多
Experimental validation of laser intensity is particularly important for the study of fundamental physics at extremely high intensities.However,reliable diagnosis of the focal spot and peak intensity faces huge challe...Experimental validation of laser intensity is particularly important for the study of fundamental physics at extremely high intensities.However,reliable diagnosis of the focal spot and peak intensity faces huge challenges.In this work,we demonstrate for the firs time that the coherent radiation farfiel patterns from laser–foil interactions can serve as an in situ,real-time,and easy-to-implement diagnostic for an ultraintense laser focus.The laser-driven electron sheets,curved by the spatially varying laser fiel and leaving the targets at nearly the speed of light,produce doughnut-shaped patterns depending on the shapes of the focal spot and the absolute laser intensities.Assisted by particle-in-cell simulations,we can achieve measurements of the intensity and the focal spot,and provide immediate feedback to optimize the focal spots for extremely high intensity.展开更多
This article examines the influence of annealing temperature on fracture toughness and forming limit curves of dissimilar aluminum/silver sheets.In the cold roll bonding process,after brushing and acid washing,the pre...This article examines the influence of annealing temperature on fracture toughness and forming limit curves of dissimilar aluminum/silver sheets.In the cold roll bonding process,after brushing and acid washing,the prepared surfaces are placed on top of each other and by rolling with reduction more than 50%,the bonding between layers is established.In this research,the roll bonding process was done at room temperature,without the use of lubricants and with a 70%thickness reduction.Then,the final thickness of the Ag/Al bilayer sheet reached 350μm by several stages of cold rolling.Before cold rolling,it should be noted that to decrease the hardness created due to plastic deformation,the roll-bonded samples were subjected to annealing heat treatment at 400℃for 90 min.Thus,the final samples were annealed at 200,300 and 400℃for 90 min and cooled in a furnace to examine the annealing temperature effects.The uniaxial tensile and microhardness tests measured mechanical properties.Also,to investigate the fracture mechanism,the fractography of the cross-section was examined by scanning electron microscope(SEM).To evaluate the formability of Ag/Al bilayer sheets,forming limit curves were obtained experimentally through the Nakazima test.The resistance of composites to failure due to cracking was also investigated by fracture toughness.The results showed that annealing increases the elongation and formability of the Ag/Al bilayer sheet while reduces the ultimate tensile strength and fracture toughness.However,the changing trend is not the same at different temperatures,and according to the results,the most significant effect is obtained at 300℃and aluminum layers.It was also determined that by increasing annealing temperature,the fracture mechanism from shear ductile with small and shallow dimples becomes ductile with deep cavities.展开更多
Edge cracking is one of the most serious problems in the rolling process of magnesium alloy sheets,which limits its application.In this work,the edge cracking behavior of different initial AZ31 alloy sheets,including ...Edge cracking is one of the most serious problems in the rolling process of magnesium alloy sheets,which limits its application.In this work,the edge cracking behavior of different initial AZ31 alloy sheets,including as-cast(AC),as-rolled(AR)and as-extruded(AE),was systematically investigated and compared under the online heating rolling(O-LHR)process with a single-pass reduction of 50% at 250℃.The results show that both AC and AR sheets exhibit severe edge cracking behavior after the O-LHR.Among them,the AR sheet exhibits the severest edge cracking behavior on the rolling plane(RD-TD)and longitudinal section(RD-ND),which is attributed to the strong basal texture and extremely uneven microstructure with shear bands.While no visible edge crack appears in the AE rolled sheet,which is mainly related to the tilted texture and the more dynamic recrystallization during rolling process.Moreover,it is also found that the micro-cracks of the AC rolled sheet are mainly generated in the local fine-grained area and the twins where recrystallization occurs.In the AR rolled sheet,micro-cracks mainly develop inside the shear bands.Meanwhile,the micro-crack initiation mechanism of AC and AR rolled sheets was also discussed.展开更多
The deformation behavior of hot-rolled AZ31 magnesium(Mg)alloy sheet was analyzed when subjected to uniaxial tension along its normal direction at temperatures ranging from 100 to 400℃and strain rates ranging from 0....The deformation behavior of hot-rolled AZ31 magnesium(Mg)alloy sheet was analyzed when subjected to uniaxial tension along its normal direction at temperatures ranging from 100 to 400℃and strain rates ranging from 0.5 to 100 mm/min.Based on the stress−strain curves and the dynamic material model,the hot processing map was established,which demonstrates that the power dissipation factor(η)is the most sensitive to strain rate at 400℃via absorption of dislocations.At 400℃,sample at 0.5 mm/min possessesηof 0.89 because of its lower kernel average misorientation(KAM)value of 0.51,while sample at 100 mm/min possessesηof 0.46 with a higher KAM value of 1.147.In addition,the flow stress presents a slight decrease of 25.94 MPa at 10 mm/min compared to that at 100 mm/min and 100℃.The reasons are twofold:a special~34°texture component during 100℃-100 mm/min favoring the activation of basal slip,and dynamic recrystallization(DRX)also providing softening effect to some extent by absorbing dislocations.Difference in activation of basal slip among twin laminas during 100℃-100 mm/min results in deformation inhomogeneity within the grains,which generates stress that helps matrix grains tilt to a direction favorable to basal slip,forming the special~34°texture component.展开更多
Presetting tensile twins(TTs)can enhance the mechanical properties of magnesium(Mg)alloys.Two as-received(AR)sheets,as-received state-A(AR-A)with fiber texture and nonuniform grains and as-received state-B with basal ...Presetting tensile twins(TTs)can enhance the mechanical properties of magnesium(Mg)alloys.Two as-received(AR)sheets,as-received state-A(AR-A)with fiber texture and nonuniform grains and as-received state-B with basal texture and uniform equiaxial grains are selected to induce TTs via a novel method called corrugated wide limit alignment(CWLA),and the corresponding CWLA-processed sheets are denoted as CWLA-processed state-A(C-A)and CWLA-processed state-B(C-B).The results demonstrate that a larger initial average grain size correlates with a higher fraction of TTs induced in Mg sheets,thereby refining the grains and forming a new rolling direction(RD)tilted texture during CWLA.The ultimate tensile strength increases by 32%from AR-A to C-A,primarily due to refinement strengthening and twinning-induced strain hardening.The recrystallization mechanism of C-A is dominated by twinning-induced dynamic recrystallization(DRX),where DRX grains prefer to inherit the orientation of TTs,resulting in an enhanced RD-tilted texture and the formation of multi-modal texture.The recrystallization mechanism of C-B is mainly discontinuous DRX and continuous DRX,and the DRX grains prefer to inherit the orientation of matrix grains,ultimately forming a basal texture.In summary,the tensile mechanical behavior of pre-twinned Mg sheets significantly depends on the grain size and texture of the AR sheets,so they present similar changing trends during tensile deformation.展开更多
Polymer-blend geocell sheets(PBGS)have been developed as substitute materials for manufacturing geocells.Various attempts have been made to test and predict the behaviors of commonly used geogrids,geotextiles,geomembr...Polymer-blend geocell sheets(PBGS)have been developed as substitute materials for manufacturing geocells.Various attempts have been made to test and predict the behaviors of commonly used geogrids,geotextiles,geomembranes,and geocells.However,the elastic-viscoplastic behaviors of novel-developed geocell sheets are still poorly understood.Therefore,this paper investigates the elastic-viscoplastic behaviors of PBGS to gain a comprehensive understanding of their mechanical properties.Furthermore,the tensile load-strain history under various loading conditions is simulated by numerical calculation for widespread utilization.To achieve this goal,monotonic loading tests,short-term creep and stress relaxation tests,and multi-load-path tests(also known as arbitrary loading history tests)are performed using a universal testing machine.The results are simulated using the nonlinear three-component(NLTC)model,which consists of three nonlinear components,i.e.a hypo-elastic component,a nonlinear inviscid component,and a nonlinear viscid component.The experimental and numerical results demonstrate that PBGS exhibit significant elastic-viscoplastic behavior that can be accurately predicted by the NLTC model.Moreover,the tensile strain rates significantly influence the tensile load,with higher strain rates resulting in increased tensile loads and more linear load-strain curves.Also,parametric analysis of the rheological characteristics reveals that the initial tensile strain rates have negligible impact on the results.The rate-sensitivity coefficient of PBGS is approximately 0.163,which falls within the typical range observed in most geosynthetics.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)carbon nitride sheets(CNs)with atomically thin structures are regarded as one of the most promising materials for solar energy conversion.However,due to their substantially enlarged bandgap caused b...Two-dimensional(2D)carbon nitride sheets(CNs)with atomically thin structures are regarded as one of the most promising materials for solar energy conversion.However,due to their substantially enlarged bandgap caused by the strong quantum size effect and their incomplete polymerisation with a large number of non-condensed surface amino groups,the practical applicability of CNs in photocatalysis is limited.In this study,CNs with broad visible-light absorption were synthesised using a 5-min fast thermal annealing.The removal of uncondensed amine groups reduces the bandgap of CNs from 3.06 eV to 2.60 eV,increasing their absorption of visible light.Interestingly,the CNs were distorted after annealing,which can differentiate the spatial positions of electrons and holes,enhancing the visible-light absorption efficiency.As a result,when exposed to visible light,the photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of atomically thin 2D CNs rose by 8.38 times.This research presents a dependable and speedy method for creating highly effective visible-light photocatalysts with narrowed bandgaps and improved visible-light absorption.展开更多
Global warming has led to major melting of ice in the polar Arctic,making it possible to open Arctic shipping lanes.In this case,the large number of ice sheets are extremely dangerous for ship navigation,so in this pa...Global warming has led to major melting of ice in the polar Arctic,making it possible to open Arctic shipping lanes.In this case,the large number of ice sheets are extremely dangerous for ship navigation,so in this paper,a body floating on water confined between two finite ice sheets is investigated.The linearized potential flow theory is adopted,and water is considered an incompressible ideal fluid with a finite depth of the fluid domain.The ice sheets are treated as elastic plates,and the problem is solved by matching eigenfunction expansion.The fluid domain is divided into subregions on the basis of the water surface conditions,and the velocity potential of the subdomains is expanded via the separated variable method.By utilizing the continuity of pressure and velocity at the interfaces of two neighboring regions,a system of linear equations is established to obtain the unknown coefficients in the expansion,which in turn leads to analytical solutions for different motion modes in different regions.The effects of different structural drafts,and different lengths of ice sheets on both sides,etc.,on the hydrodynamic characteristics of floats are analyzed.The amplitude of motion of the float is explored,as is the wave elevation between the ice sheets and the float.展开更多
This study introduces an innovative theoretical model critical for predicting stress and strain distributions in Ti/Al bi-metal sheet production and its subsequent deep drawing process.Grounded in extensive mechanical...This study introduces an innovative theoretical model critical for predicting stress and strain distributions in Ti/Al bi-metal sheet production and its subsequent deep drawing process.Grounded in extensive mechanical and geometric analysis,the model facilitates manufacturing process optimization and the production of high-quality components.Finite Element Method(FEM)simulations are integrated to examine the significant effects of die geometric parameters on metal flow dynamics and susceptibility to material stress.The model's precision is enhanced by incorporating anisotropic material properties and cohesive zone models.A rigorous experimental framework validates the model,highlighting the practical utility of optimized parameters in Ti/Al bimetal component fabrication.Additionally,uniaxial tensile tests using the Video Image Correlation-3D(VIC-3D)system provide detailed insights into material deformation,elucidating stress distribution and metal flow in composite layers.Thus,the research presents a refined methodology for the efficient production of Ti/Al bi-metal components,offering valuable knowledge transferable to various materials and processing scenarios.The findings of this work are expected to make a significant impact on material engineering and mechanical manufacturing.展开更多
The strategy for converting CO_(2)into high-value chemicals through electroreduction is feasible and promising;however,its selectivity and current densities are highly dependent on the selection and modulation of cata...The strategy for converting CO_(2)into high-value chemicals through electroreduction is feasible and promising;however,its selectivity and current densities are highly dependent on the selection and modulation of catalysts.Herein,In_(2)O_(3)nanosheets were successfully fabricated and then converted into oxide-derived In nanosheets under the same CO_(2)electroreduction condition,where the in-situ X-ray diffraction and in-situ Raman results clearly revealedthe surface dynamic regulation process.展开更多
There is a growing demand for degradable membranes with sufficient mechanical properties to guide tissue regeneration in dental surgery.In the present work,a two-stage rolling process in which the first rolling stage(...There is a growing demand for degradable membranes with sufficient mechanical properties to guide tissue regeneration in dental surgery.In the present work,a two-stage rolling process in which the first rolling stage(FRS)adopted a reduction rate of 30%for six passes at various temperatures,while the second rolling stage was rolling at 200℃for two passes,was employed to prepare a 150μm-grade Mg-2.0Zn-0.5Y-0.5Nd(ZE21B)Mg alloy sheets for guided tissue regeneration membrane.The microstructure of the thin sheets was gradually refined with increasing rolling passes,and the thin sheets that were rolled at different FRS temperatures exhibit an ellipse texture.The thin sheets rolled at 350℃for FRS show low elongation due to premature fracture caused by the coarse second phase particles.On account of uniform and fine grains,the thin sheets rolled at 400℃for the FRS have proper mechanical properties:yield strength of 214.6±8.5 MPa,ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of 246.8±10.3 MPa and elongation to failure of 28.3±1.2%.When rolling at 450℃for FRS,proper ductility of the thin sheets has been acquired,followed by a decline in UTS since a bimodal structure with fine and coarse grain was developed.Immersion tests demonstrated the FRS temperature had no significant effect on the corrosion behavior and corrosion rate of Mg alloy sheets after 7 days’immersion in artificial saliva solution.This research has great significance for the production of degradable Mg sheets for guided tissue regeneration membrane.展开更多
Highly sensitive,fast and low-temperature detection of triethylamine(TEA)gas based on SnO_(2) is attractive yet remains challenging.Herein,SnS_(2) nanosheets(NSs)/SnO_(2) hollow multishelled structures(HoMSs)-based se...Highly sensitive,fast and low-temperature detection of triethylamine(TEA)gas based on SnO_(2) is attractive yet remains challenging.Herein,SnS_(2) nanosheets(NSs)/SnO_(2) hollow multishelled structures(HoMSs)-based sensors are designed by the synthesis of SnO_(2) HoMSs,followed by in situ sulfuration with thioacetamide.By varying the thioacetamide levels,Sn S_(2)/SnO_(2) heterostructures with different SnS_(2) contents were obtained and their TEA gas sensing performances were investigated.展开更多
Al7075 sheets are widely used in aerospace industry and their higher strength-plasticity collaborative improvement requirement is urgent.In this study,the microstructure inheriting the evolution and me-chanical proper...Al7075 sheets are widely used in aerospace industry and their higher strength-plasticity collaborative improvement requirement is urgent.In this study,the microstructure inheriting the evolution and me-chanical properties of Al7075 sheets during multidirectional rotary forging(MRF)and T6 heat treatment are analyzed.The results show that the average grain size exhibits near-parabolic evolution with increas-ing MRF deformation amount.MRF20%+T6(20%MRF deformation amount+T6)condition possesses the largest grain size of 72.6μm,and its abnormal grain growth mechanism is that the medium deformation energy and high deformation heterogeneity in MRF20%deformed grains could cause asynchronous re-crystallization behavior during T6 heat treatment,and the grains with comparatively higher deformation energy get recrystallized firstly and devour adjacent grains along preferred011or223misorientation axis.MRF70%+T6 condition possesses the finest grain size of 14.2μm,and its fine grain inheriting mech-anism is that the uniformly high deformation energy in MRF70%deformed grains causes uniformly rapid recrystallization,and rapidly recrystallized grains effectively suppress grain boundary motion from adja-cent grains.With increasing MRF deformation amount,tensile strength and elongation values both exhibit near-antiparabolic evolution.MRF70%+T6 condition possesses the largest tensile strength(563 MPa)and elongation(17.73%),which increases by 8.27%and 80.55%compared to as-annealed+T6(MRF0%+T6)condition(tensile strength is 520 MPa and elongation is 9.82%),respectively.The strength-plasticity col-laborative improvement is mainly because the combination of effectively inherited fine grains,refined inclusion particles,and uniformly distributed fineη’particles after T6 heat treatment could promote smooth dislocation movement and coordinated slip behavior in most matrix grains,which contributes to the delay of stress localization and strength-plasticity collaborative improvement.展开更多
Al5A06 sheets by large cold plastic deformation usually have high strength but low plasticity,i.e.weak strength-plasticity matching,which may lead to their poor fatigue property.In this study,annealing treat-ments are...Al5A06 sheets by large cold plastic deformation usually have high strength but low plasticity,i.e.weak strength-plasticity matching,which may lead to their poor fatigue property.In this study,annealing treat-ments are applied on cold rotary forged Al5A06 sheets to regulate strength-plasticity matching and im-prove fatigue properties.The microstructures,tensile mechanical properties and fatigue properties un-der different annealing parameters were analyzed.The abnormal grain growth mechanism of cold rotary forged Al5A06 sheets during 300℃ annealing treatment was investigated,and the fatigue failure mech-anism of Al5A06 sheets with different annealing temperatures was also investigated.The abnormal grain growth during 300℃ annealing treatment is mainly due to the asynchronous recrystallization behavior with low recrystallization driving force,which leads to the early recrystallized regions directly absorb-ing adjacent grains along134crystal direction.The cold rotary forged Al5A06 sheets after 250℃-2 h annealing treatment exhibit the best fatigue property,which is mainly because the optimum strength-plasticity matching brings about coordinate plastic deformation throughout most grains,and the effective dislocation movement between adjacent grains can delay the appearance of strain localization and ac-commodate continuous fatigue cyclic loading.展开更多
Transition metal telluride nanosheets have shown enormous promise for fundamental research and other applications across various fields.Still,until now,mass fabrication has been impossible,leaving the material as some...Transition metal telluride nanosheets have shown enormous promise for fundamental research and other applications across various fields.Still,until now,mass fabrication has been impossible,leaving the material as something of a laboratory curiosity rather than an industrial reality.But a team of researchers from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(DICP)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has recently developed a novel exfoliation process–using chemical solutions to peel off thin layers from their parent compounds,creating atomically thin sheets–that looks set to finally deliver on the ultra-thin substance’s promise.展开更多
To provide a new idea to reduce anisotropy for sheets in the thickness direction by microstructure modification and,mean-while,maintain or even enhance tensile performance,the in-situ ZrB2 particle/AA7085 composite sh...To provide a new idea to reduce anisotropy for sheets in the thickness direction by microstructure modification and,mean-while,maintain or even enhance tensile performance,the in-situ ZrB2 particle/AA7085 composite sheets with thicknesses of 1,2,3,and 6 mm were investigated.The as-cast grain size was significantly refined by the heterogeneous nucleus of the ZrB2 particle.The microstructure results show that severe hot deformation converts as-cast disordered microstructure into a sequential microstructure by crushing the remanent phases and matrix into a fiber structure.After the solid solution and aging heat treatment,the composite sheets exhibit largely recrystallized grains compared with partially recrystallized grains in the matrix sheets,and weak or even free texture exists in the composite.The grain size in the composite sheets decreases with the increase in thickness reductions.For the thickness range of 1-3 mm,the composite sheets maintain a similar tensile per-formance as that in matrix sheets,while the strength and ductility in the 6-mm-thick composite sheet are improved.展开更多
Based on current sheet flapping motion on 27 August 2018 in the dusk flank magnetotail,as recorded by instruments aboard Magnetospheric Multiscale(MMS)spacecraft,we present the first study of guide field reconnection ...Based on current sheet flapping motion on 27 August 2018 in the dusk flank magnetotail,as recorded by instruments aboard Magnetospheric Multiscale(MMS)spacecraft,we present the first study of guide field reconnection observed in the flux rope embedded in kink-like flapping current sheets near the dusk-side flank of the magnetotail.Unlike more common magnetotail reconnections,which are symmetric,these asymmetric small-scale(λ_(i)~650 km)reconnections were found in the highly twisted current sheet when the direction normal to the sheet changes from the Z direction into the Y direction.The unique feature of this unusual reconnection is that the reconnection jets are along the Z direction-different from outflow in the X direction,which is the more usual situation.This vertical reconnection jet is parallel or antiparallel to the up-and-down motion of the tail’s current sheet.The normalized reconnection rate R is estimated to be~0.1.Our results indicate that such asymmetric reconnections can significantly enlarge current sheet flapping,with large oscillation amplitudes.This letter presents direct evidence of guide field reconnection in a highly twisted current sheet,characterized by enlarged current sheet flapping as a consequence of the reconnection outflow.展开更多
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52075347,51575364)and the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Provincial(No.2022-MS-295)。
文摘In order to solve the problem of poor formability caused by different materials and properties in the process of tailor-welded sheets forming,a forming method was proposed to change the stress state of tailor-welded sheets by covering the tailor-welded sheets with better plastic properties overlapping sheets.At the same time,the interface friction effect between the overlapping and tailor-welded sheets was utilized to control the stress magnitude and further improve the formability and quality of the tailor-welded sheets.In this work,the bulging process of the tailor-welded overlapping sheets was taken as the research object.Aluminum alloy tailor-welded overlapping sheets bulging specimens were studied by a combination of finite element analysis and experimental verification.The results show that the appropriate use of interface friction between tailor-welded and overlapping sheets can improve the formability of tailor-welded sheets and control the flow of weld seam to improve the forming quality.When increasing the interface friction coefficient on the side of tailor-welded sheets with higher strength and decreasing that on the side of tailor-welded sheets with lower strength,the deformation of the tailor-welded sheets are more uniform,the offset of the weld seam is minimal,the limit bulging height is maximal,and the forming quality is optimal.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1204100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62488201)+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.XDB33030000 and YSBR-053)Innovation Program of Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0302700)。
文摘EuB_(6),a magnetic topological semimetal,has attracted considerable attention in recent years due to its rich intriguing physical properties,including a colossal negative magnetoresistance(CNMR)ratio exceeding-80%,a topological phase transition and a predicted quantum anomalous Hall effect(QAHE)approaching the two-dimensional(2D)limit.Yet,studies of the influence of the dimensionality approaching 2D on the electronic transport properties of EuB_(6) are still scarce.In this work,EuB_(6) thin sheets with thicknesses ranging from 35μm to 180μm were successfully fabricated through careful mechanical polishing of high-quality EuB_(6) single crystals.The reduced thickness,temperature and magnetic field have a strong influence on the electronic transport properties,including the CNMR and carrier concentration of EuB_(6) thin sheets.As the thickness of EuB_(6) thin sheets decreases from 180μm to 35μm,the magnetization transition temperature and the corresponding suppressing temperature of the Kondo effect decrease from 15.2 K to 10.9 K,while the CNMR ratio increases from-87.2%to-90.8%.Furthermore,the weak antilocalization effect transits to a weak localization effect and the carrier concentration increases by 9.4%at 30 K in a 35μm EuB_(6) thin sheet compared to the value reported for a 180μm thin sheet.Our findings demonstrate an obvious tunable effect of the reduced dimensionality on the transport properties of EuB_(6) along with the temperature and magnetic field,which could provide a route to exploring the QAHE near the 2D limit in EuB_(6) and other topological semimetals.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52474419,52374395)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(20210302123135,202303021221143)+3 种基金Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation Guidance Special Project of Shanxi Province(202104021301022,202204021301009)Central Government Guided Local Science and Technology development projects(YDZJSX20231B003,YDZJSX2021A010)The Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for financial support under the Megagrant(No.075-15-2022-1133)the National Research Foundation(NRF)grant funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT(2015R1A2A1A01006795)of Korea through the Research Institute of Advanced.
文摘In this work,AZ31B extruded sheets with mixed-grain microstructures were prepared through extrusion.Samples of mixed-grain microstructure with different morphologies were selected from the AZ31B extruded sheets(referred to as M1 and M2 samples,respectively).The creep tests were performed on these samples at the temperature range of 150-200℃,and the stress level range of 50-100 MPa.The creep properties and fracture behavior of AZ31 extruded sheets with mixed-grain microstructures were studied.Results showed that the creep properties of the M2 sample always outperformed that of the M1 sample and M1 and M2 samples’creep was dominated by dislocation movement.The creep rate of M2 samples(1.5×10^(-7)±1.1×10^(-10) s^(-1))is an order of magnitude lower than that of M1 samples(4.8×10^(-6)±8.1×10^(-10) s^(-1))at 200℃under 50 MPa The high activity of basal slip and softening mechanism in the M1 sample significantly accelerated creep,resulting in a relatively high creep rate.Moreover,the stress concentration within the M1 sample caused by deformation incompatibility,increased the initiation and propagation of voids,ultimately leading to fracture and poorer creep performance.However,the numerous<10µm fine grains surrounding deformed coarse grains in the M2 sample facilitated better coordination of deformation through dislocation slip,effectively slowing down the initiation of voids during the creep process.Meanwhile,the strain was uniformly distributed within each grain,mitigating stress concentration,inhibiting voids propagation,and contributing to the superior creep resistance of the M2 sample.
基金supported by the Guangdong High Level Innovation Research Institute(Grant No.2021B0909050006)the National Grand Instrument Project(Grant No.2019YFF01014402)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12205008)support from the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.12225501)。
文摘Experimental validation of laser intensity is particularly important for the study of fundamental physics at extremely high intensities.However,reliable diagnosis of the focal spot and peak intensity faces huge challenges.In this work,we demonstrate for the firs time that the coherent radiation farfiel patterns from laser–foil interactions can serve as an in situ,real-time,and easy-to-implement diagnostic for an ultraintense laser focus.The laser-driven electron sheets,curved by the spatially varying laser fiel and leaving the targets at nearly the speed of light,produce doughnut-shaped patterns depending on the shapes of the focal spot and the absolute laser intensities.Assisted by particle-in-cell simulations,we can achieve measurements of the intensity and the focal spot,and provide immediate feedback to optimize the focal spots for extremely high intensity.
基金Project(4013311)supported by the National Science Foundation of Iran(INSF)。
文摘This article examines the influence of annealing temperature on fracture toughness and forming limit curves of dissimilar aluminum/silver sheets.In the cold roll bonding process,after brushing and acid washing,the prepared surfaces are placed on top of each other and by rolling with reduction more than 50%,the bonding between layers is established.In this research,the roll bonding process was done at room temperature,without the use of lubricants and with a 70%thickness reduction.Then,the final thickness of the Ag/Al bilayer sheet reached 350μm by several stages of cold rolling.Before cold rolling,it should be noted that to decrease the hardness created due to plastic deformation,the roll-bonded samples were subjected to annealing heat treatment at 400℃for 90 min.Thus,the final samples were annealed at 200,300 and 400℃for 90 min and cooled in a furnace to examine the annealing temperature effects.The uniaxial tensile and microhardness tests measured mechanical properties.Also,to investigate the fracture mechanism,the fractography of the cross-section was examined by scanning electron microscope(SEM).To evaluate the formability of Ag/Al bilayer sheets,forming limit curves were obtained experimentally through the Nakazima test.The resistance of composites to failure due to cracking was also investigated by fracture toughness.The results showed that annealing increases the elongation and formability of the Ag/Al bilayer sheet while reduces the ultimate tensile strength and fracture toughness.However,the changing trend is not the same at different temperatures,and according to the results,the most significant effect is obtained at 300℃and aluminum layers.It was also determined that by increasing annealing temperature,the fracture mechanism from shear ductile with small and shallow dimples becomes ductile with deep cavities.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52071036,U2037601)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research,China(No.2020B0301030006)+1 种基金the Independent Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions,China(Nos.SKLMT-ZZKT-2022Z01,SKLMT-ZZKT-2022M12)the Chongqing Science and Technology Commission,China(No.CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0021)。
文摘Edge cracking is one of the most serious problems in the rolling process of magnesium alloy sheets,which limits its application.In this work,the edge cracking behavior of different initial AZ31 alloy sheets,including as-cast(AC),as-rolled(AR)and as-extruded(AE),was systematically investigated and compared under the online heating rolling(O-LHR)process with a single-pass reduction of 50% at 250℃.The results show that both AC and AR sheets exhibit severe edge cracking behavior after the O-LHR.Among them,the AR sheet exhibits the severest edge cracking behavior on the rolling plane(RD-TD)and longitudinal section(RD-ND),which is attributed to the strong basal texture and extremely uneven microstructure with shear bands.While no visible edge crack appears in the AE rolled sheet,which is mainly related to the tilted texture and the more dynamic recrystallization during rolling process.Moreover,it is also found that the micro-cracks of the AC rolled sheet are mainly generated in the local fine-grained area and the twins where recrystallization occurs.In the AR rolled sheet,micro-cracks mainly develop inside the shear bands.Meanwhile,the micro-crack initiation mechanism of AC and AR rolled sheets was also discussed.
基金Project(52005362) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(202303021221005,202303021211045) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province,China+1 种基金Project(202402003) supported by the Patent Commercialization Program of Shanxi Province,ChinaProject supported by the Key Research and Development Plan of Xinzhou City,China。
文摘The deformation behavior of hot-rolled AZ31 magnesium(Mg)alloy sheet was analyzed when subjected to uniaxial tension along its normal direction at temperatures ranging from 100 to 400℃and strain rates ranging from 0.5 to 100 mm/min.Based on the stress−strain curves and the dynamic material model,the hot processing map was established,which demonstrates that the power dissipation factor(η)is the most sensitive to strain rate at 400℃via absorption of dislocations.At 400℃,sample at 0.5 mm/min possessesηof 0.89 because of its lower kernel average misorientation(KAM)value of 0.51,while sample at 100 mm/min possessesηof 0.46 with a higher KAM value of 1.147.In addition,the flow stress presents a slight decrease of 25.94 MPa at 10 mm/min compared to that at 100 mm/min and 100℃.The reasons are twofold:a special~34°texture component during 100℃-100 mm/min favoring the activation of basal slip,and dynamic recrystallization(DRX)also providing softening effect to some extent by absorbing dislocations.Difference in activation of basal slip among twin laminas during 100℃-100 mm/min results in deformation inhomogeneity within the grains,which generates stress that helps matrix grains tilt to a direction favorable to basal slip,forming the special~34°texture component.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52005362)the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(Nos.202303021221005 and 202303021211045)+1 种基金the Patent Commercialization Program of Shanxi Province(No.202402003)the Key Research and Development Plan of Xinzhou City.
文摘Presetting tensile twins(TTs)can enhance the mechanical properties of magnesium(Mg)alloys.Two as-received(AR)sheets,as-received state-A(AR-A)with fiber texture and nonuniform grains and as-received state-B with basal texture and uniform equiaxial grains are selected to induce TTs via a novel method called corrugated wide limit alignment(CWLA),and the corresponding CWLA-processed sheets are denoted as CWLA-processed state-A(C-A)and CWLA-processed state-B(C-B).The results demonstrate that a larger initial average grain size correlates with a higher fraction of TTs induced in Mg sheets,thereby refining the grains and forming a new rolling direction(RD)tilted texture during CWLA.The ultimate tensile strength increases by 32%from AR-A to C-A,primarily due to refinement strengthening and twinning-induced strain hardening.The recrystallization mechanism of C-A is dominated by twinning-induced dynamic recrystallization(DRX),where DRX grains prefer to inherit the orientation of TTs,resulting in an enhanced RD-tilted texture and the formation of multi-modal texture.The recrystallization mechanism of C-B is mainly discontinuous DRX and continuous DRX,and the DRX grains prefer to inherit the orientation of matrix grains,ultimately forming a basal texture.In summary,the tensile mechanical behavior of pre-twinned Mg sheets significantly depends on the grain size and texture of the AR sheets,so they present similar changing trends during tensile deformation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42077262 and 42077261)the Research Fund Project of Xinjiang Transportation Planning Survey and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.(Grant No.KY2022042504).
文摘Polymer-blend geocell sheets(PBGS)have been developed as substitute materials for manufacturing geocells.Various attempts have been made to test and predict the behaviors of commonly used geogrids,geotextiles,geomembranes,and geocells.However,the elastic-viscoplastic behaviors of novel-developed geocell sheets are still poorly understood.Therefore,this paper investigates the elastic-viscoplastic behaviors of PBGS to gain a comprehensive understanding of their mechanical properties.Furthermore,the tensile load-strain history under various loading conditions is simulated by numerical calculation for widespread utilization.To achieve this goal,monotonic loading tests,short-term creep and stress relaxation tests,and multi-load-path tests(also known as arbitrary loading history tests)are performed using a universal testing machine.The results are simulated using the nonlinear three-component(NLTC)model,which consists of three nonlinear components,i.e.a hypo-elastic component,a nonlinear inviscid component,and a nonlinear viscid component.The experimental and numerical results demonstrate that PBGS exhibit significant elastic-viscoplastic behavior that can be accurately predicted by the NLTC model.Moreover,the tensile strain rates significantly influence the tensile load,with higher strain rates resulting in increased tensile loads and more linear load-strain curves.Also,parametric analysis of the rheological characteristics reveals that the initial tensile strain rates have negligible impact on the results.The rate-sensitivity coefficient of PBGS is approximately 0.163,which falls within the typical range observed in most geosynthetics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12104352 and 12204294)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.XJS_(2)12208 and 2020BJ-56)+1 种基金Foundation of State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering(No.2022-K67)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Nos.2019JCW-17 and 2020JCW-15).
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)carbon nitride sheets(CNs)with atomically thin structures are regarded as one of the most promising materials for solar energy conversion.However,due to their substantially enlarged bandgap caused by the strong quantum size effect and their incomplete polymerisation with a large number of non-condensed surface amino groups,the practical applicability of CNs in photocatalysis is limited.In this study,CNs with broad visible-light absorption were synthesised using a 5-min fast thermal annealing.The removal of uncondensed amine groups reduces the bandgap of CNs from 3.06 eV to 2.60 eV,increasing their absorption of visible light.Interestingly,the CNs were distorted after annealing,which can differentiate the spatial positions of electrons and holes,enhancing the visible-light absorption efficiency.As a result,when exposed to visible light,the photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of atomically thin 2D CNs rose by 8.38 times.This research presents a dependable and speedy method for creating highly effective visible-light photocatalysts with narrowed bandgaps and improved visible-light absorption.
文摘Global warming has led to major melting of ice in the polar Arctic,making it possible to open Arctic shipping lanes.In this case,the large number of ice sheets are extremely dangerous for ship navigation,so in this paper,a body floating on water confined between two finite ice sheets is investigated.The linearized potential flow theory is adopted,and water is considered an incompressible ideal fluid with a finite depth of the fluid domain.The ice sheets are treated as elastic plates,and the problem is solved by matching eigenfunction expansion.The fluid domain is divided into subregions on the basis of the water surface conditions,and the velocity potential of the subdomains is expanded via the separated variable method.By utilizing the continuity of pressure and velocity at the interfaces of two neighboring regions,a system of linear equations is established to obtain the unknown coefficients in the expansion,which in turn leads to analytical solutions for different motion modes in different regions.The effects of different structural drafts,and different lengths of ice sheets on both sides,etc.,on the hydrodynamic characteristics of floats are analyzed.The amplitude of motion of the float is explored,as is the wave elevation between the ice sheets and the float.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52005432,51674222)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of Iron and Steel Research(No.E2021203179)+1 种基金the Chinese Post-doctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M680904)the Foundation of Hebei Province Post-Doctoral Preferred Project(No.B2020003011)。
文摘This study introduces an innovative theoretical model critical for predicting stress and strain distributions in Ti/Al bi-metal sheet production and its subsequent deep drawing process.Grounded in extensive mechanical and geometric analysis,the model facilitates manufacturing process optimization and the production of high-quality components.Finite Element Method(FEM)simulations are integrated to examine the significant effects of die geometric parameters on metal flow dynamics and susceptibility to material stress.The model's precision is enhanced by incorporating anisotropic material properties and cohesive zone models.A rigorous experimental framework validates the model,highlighting the practical utility of optimized parameters in Ti/Al bimetal component fabrication.Additionally,uniaxial tensile tests using the Video Image Correlation-3D(VIC-3D)system provide detailed insights into material deformation,elucidating stress distribution and metal flow in composite layers.Thus,the research presents a refined methodology for the efficient production of Ti/Al bi-metal components,offering valuable knowledge transferable to various materials and processing scenarios.The findings of this work are expected to make a significant impact on material engineering and mechanical manufacturing.
基金financially supported by Anhui Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid(No.52120522000D)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M720937)。
文摘The strategy for converting CO_(2)into high-value chemicals through electroreduction is feasible and promising;however,its selectivity and current densities are highly dependent on the selection and modulation of catalysts.Herein,In_(2)O_(3)nanosheets were successfully fabricated and then converted into oxide-derived In nanosheets under the same CO_(2)electroreduction condition,where the in-situ X-ray diffraction and in-situ Raman results clearly revealedthe surface dynamic regulation process.
基金financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2400703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52301107).
文摘There is a growing demand for degradable membranes with sufficient mechanical properties to guide tissue regeneration in dental surgery.In the present work,a two-stage rolling process in which the first rolling stage(FRS)adopted a reduction rate of 30%for six passes at various temperatures,while the second rolling stage was rolling at 200℃for two passes,was employed to prepare a 150μm-grade Mg-2.0Zn-0.5Y-0.5Nd(ZE21B)Mg alloy sheets for guided tissue regeneration membrane.The microstructure of the thin sheets was gradually refined with increasing rolling passes,and the thin sheets that were rolled at different FRS temperatures exhibit an ellipse texture.The thin sheets rolled at 350℃for FRS show low elongation due to premature fracture caused by the coarse second phase particles.On account of uniform and fine grains,the thin sheets rolled at 400℃for the FRS have proper mechanical properties:yield strength of 214.6±8.5 MPa,ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of 246.8±10.3 MPa and elongation to failure of 28.3±1.2%.When rolling at 450℃for FRS,proper ductility of the thin sheets has been acquired,followed by a decline in UTS since a bimodal structure with fine and coarse grain was developed.Immersion tests demonstrated the FRS temperature had no significant effect on the corrosion behavior and corrosion rate of Mg alloy sheets after 7 days’immersion in artificial saliva solution.This research has great significance for the production of degradable Mg sheets for guided tissue regeneration membrane.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51872173 and 52202176)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2022JQ21and ZR2021QE092)+2 种基金the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing(No.SKLOP202002006)Higher School Youth Innovation Team of Shandong Province(No.2019KJA013)Science and Technology Special Project of Qingdao City(No.20-3-4-3-nsh)。
文摘Highly sensitive,fast and low-temperature detection of triethylamine(TEA)gas based on SnO_(2) is attractive yet remains challenging.Herein,SnS_(2) nanosheets(NSs)/SnO_(2) hollow multishelled structures(HoMSs)-based sensors are designed by the synthesis of SnO_(2) HoMSs,followed by in situ sulfuration with thioacetamide.By varying the thioacetamide levels,Sn S_(2)/SnO_(2) heterostructures with different SnS_(2) contents were obtained and their TEA gas sensing performances were investigated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U21A20131)the Technical Development Project of COMAC Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.(No.COMAC-SFGS-2023-631)the 111 Project(No.B17034),andthe In-novative Research Team Development Program of Ministry of Edu-cation of China(No.IRT17R83).
文摘Al7075 sheets are widely used in aerospace industry and their higher strength-plasticity collaborative improvement requirement is urgent.In this study,the microstructure inheriting the evolution and me-chanical properties of Al7075 sheets during multidirectional rotary forging(MRF)and T6 heat treatment are analyzed.The results show that the average grain size exhibits near-parabolic evolution with increas-ing MRF deformation amount.MRF20%+T6(20%MRF deformation amount+T6)condition possesses the largest grain size of 72.6μm,and its abnormal grain growth mechanism is that the medium deformation energy and high deformation heterogeneity in MRF20%deformed grains could cause asynchronous re-crystallization behavior during T6 heat treatment,and the grains with comparatively higher deformation energy get recrystallized firstly and devour adjacent grains along preferred011or223misorientation axis.MRF70%+T6 condition possesses the finest grain size of 14.2μm,and its fine grain inheriting mech-anism is that the uniformly high deformation energy in MRF70%deformed grains causes uniformly rapid recrystallization,and rapidly recrystallized grains effectively suppress grain boundary motion from adja-cent grains.With increasing MRF deformation amount,tensile strength and elongation values both exhibit near-antiparabolic evolution.MRF70%+T6 condition possesses the largest tensile strength(563 MPa)and elongation(17.73%),which increases by 8.27%and 80.55%compared to as-annealed+T6(MRF0%+T6)condition(tensile strength is 520 MPa and elongation is 9.82%),respectively.The strength-plasticity col-laborative improvement is mainly because the combination of effectively inherited fine grains,refined inclusion particles,and uniformly distributed fineη’particles after T6 heat treatment could promote smooth dislocation movement and coordinated slip behavior in most matrix grains,which contributes to the delay of stress localization and strength-plasticity collaborative improvement.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.U21A20131)the Innovative Research Team Development Program of Ministry of Education of China(no.IRT17R83)for the support given to this research.
文摘Al5A06 sheets by large cold plastic deformation usually have high strength but low plasticity,i.e.weak strength-plasticity matching,which may lead to their poor fatigue property.In this study,annealing treat-ments are applied on cold rotary forged Al5A06 sheets to regulate strength-plasticity matching and im-prove fatigue properties.The microstructures,tensile mechanical properties and fatigue properties un-der different annealing parameters were analyzed.The abnormal grain growth mechanism of cold rotary forged Al5A06 sheets during 300℃ annealing treatment was investigated,and the fatigue failure mech-anism of Al5A06 sheets with different annealing temperatures was also investigated.The abnormal grain growth during 300℃ annealing treatment is mainly due to the asynchronous recrystallization behavior with low recrystallization driving force,which leads to the early recrystallized regions directly absorb-ing adjacent grains along134crystal direction.The cold rotary forged Al5A06 sheets after 250℃-2 h annealing treatment exhibit the best fatigue property,which is mainly because the optimum strength-plasticity matching brings about coordinate plastic deformation throughout most grains,and the effective dislocation movement between adjacent grains can delay the appearance of strain localization and ac-commodate continuous fatigue cyclic loading.
文摘Transition metal telluride nanosheets have shown enormous promise for fundamental research and other applications across various fields.Still,until now,mass fabrication has been impossible,leaving the material as something of a laboratory curiosity rather than an industrial reality.But a team of researchers from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics(DICP)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has recently developed a novel exfoliation process–using chemical solutions to peel off thin layers from their parent compounds,creating atomically thin sheets–that looks set to finally deliver on the ultra-thin substance’s promise.
基金financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.U20A20274,52071158,51701085,and U1664254)the Six Talents Peak Project of Jiangsu Province (2018-XCL-202)+1 种基金the Open Funds of SKLMMC of SJTU (MMC-KF18-16)the Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of High-End Structural Materials (HSM1803,1902).
文摘To provide a new idea to reduce anisotropy for sheets in the thickness direction by microstructure modification and,mean-while,maintain or even enhance tensile performance,the in-situ ZrB2 particle/AA7085 composite sheets with thicknesses of 1,2,3,and 6 mm were investigated.The as-cast grain size was significantly refined by the heterogeneous nucleus of the ZrB2 particle.The microstructure results show that severe hot deformation converts as-cast disordered microstructure into a sequential microstructure by crushing the remanent phases and matrix into a fiber structure.After the solid solution and aging heat treatment,the composite sheets exhibit largely recrystallized grains compared with partially recrystallized grains in the matrix sheets,and weak or even free texture exists in the composite.The grain size in the composite sheets decreases with the increase in thickness reductions.For the thickness range of 1-3 mm,the composite sheets maintain a similar tensile per-formance as that in matrix sheets,while the strength and ductility in the 6-mm-thick composite sheet are improved.
基金supported by NSFC grants(42188101,42174209,42174207)the Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratories of Chinathe Strategic Pioneer Program on Space Science II,Chinese Academy of Sciences,grants XDA15350201,XDA15052500.
文摘Based on current sheet flapping motion on 27 August 2018 in the dusk flank magnetotail,as recorded by instruments aboard Magnetospheric Multiscale(MMS)spacecraft,we present the first study of guide field reconnection observed in the flux rope embedded in kink-like flapping current sheets near the dusk-side flank of the magnetotail.Unlike more common magnetotail reconnections,which are symmetric,these asymmetric small-scale(λ_(i)~650 km)reconnections were found in the highly twisted current sheet when the direction normal to the sheet changes from the Z direction into the Y direction.The unique feature of this unusual reconnection is that the reconnection jets are along the Z direction-different from outflow in the X direction,which is the more usual situation.This vertical reconnection jet is parallel or antiparallel to the up-and-down motion of the tail’s current sheet.The normalized reconnection rate R is estimated to be~0.1.Our results indicate that such asymmetric reconnections can significantly enlarge current sheet flapping,with large oscillation amplitudes.This letter presents direct evidence of guide field reconnection in a highly twisted current sheet,characterized by enlarged current sheet flapping as a consequence of the reconnection outflow.
