Simultaneous uranium recovery,organic pollutant degradation,and electricity generation were achieved by employing a self-driven photoelectrochemical(PEC)system equipped with a modified carbon felt(MCF)cathode for the ...Simultaneous uranium recovery,organic pollutant degradation,and electricity generation were achieved by employing a self-driven photoelectrochemical(PEC)system equipped with a modified carbon felt(MCF)cathode for the treatment of complex radioactive wastewater.The MCF cathode was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method,which modified the surface functional groups on carbon felt(CF)with enhanced active site availability and facilitated interfacial charge transfer,thus improving its UO_(2)^(2+)adsorption and reduction capacities.The self-driven PEC system with the MCF cathode demonstrated remarkable removal efficiencies and rate constants(k)for UO_(2)^(2+)(98.8%and 0.111 min^(−1))and chlortetracycline hydrochloride(CTC)(92.9%and 0.028 min^(−1))within 40 min and 90 min,respectively,coupled with an excellent power output of 1.41 mW/cm^(2).Additionally,the system with the MCF cathode exhibited superior removal performance for UO_(2)^(2+)and CTC in treating model complex wastewater under wide conditions.Even under natural sunlight,the system achieved over 80%removal efficiency for both UO_(2)^(2+)and CTC.Moreover,the uranium immobilized on the MCF cathode was mainly reduced to U(Ⅳ)species(90.51%),and performance remained robust over ten operational cycles.The cathode surface modification strategy and its application in the system provide a cost-effective,multi-functional and high-efficiency approach to controlling nuclides and organic pollutants in complex radioactive wastewater.展开更多
In this paper,the collective motion of self-driven robots is studied experimentally and theoretically.In the channel,the flowrate of robots increases with the density linearly,even if the density of the robots tends t...In this paper,the collective motion of self-driven robots is studied experimentally and theoretically.In the channel,the flowrate of robots increases with the density linearly,even if the density of the robots tends to 1.0.There is no abrupt drop in the flowrate,similar to the collective motion of ants.We find that the robots will adjust their velocities by a serial of tiny collisions.The speed-adjustment will affect both robots involved in the collision,and will help to maintain a nearly uniform velocity for the robots.As a result,the flowrate drop will disappear.In the motion,the robots neither gather together nor scatter completely.Instead,they form some clusters to move together.These clusters are not stable during the moving process,but their sizes follow a power-law-alike distribution.We propose a theoretical model to simulate this collective motion process,which can reproduce these behaviors well.Analytic results about the flowrate behavior are also consistent with experiments.展开更多
This paper presents a cascode configuration synchronous rectifier device based on silicon MOSFET and Schottky diode,which can replace traditional power diode directly.This structure has self-driven ability with simple...This paper presents a cascode configuration synchronous rectifier device based on silicon MOSFET and Schottky diode,which can replace traditional power diode directly.This structure has self-driven ability with simple external circuit,and the conduction characteristic is preferable to a power diode.Static characterization and switching behavior analysis of proposed structure are conducted in this paper.The switching process is illustrated in detail using real model which considers the parasitic inductances and the nonlinearity of junction capacitors.The real time internal voltage and current value during switching transition are deduced with the equivalent circuit.To validate the analysis,two voltage specification rectifiers are built.Finally,double-pulse test results and the practical design example verify the performance advantages of proposed structure.展开更多
Ferroelectric materials are promising candidates for ultraviolet photodetectors due to their ferroelectric effect.In this work,a BaTiO_(3)/p-GaN/Au hybrid heterojunction-Schottky self-driven ultraviolet photodetector ...Ferroelectric materials are promising candidates for ultraviolet photodetectors due to their ferroelectric effect.In this work,a BaTiO_(3)/p-GaN/Au hybrid heterojunction-Schottky self-driven ultraviolet photodetector was fabricated with excellent bipolar photoresponse property.At 0 V bias,the direction of the photocurrent can be switched by flipping the depolarization field of BaTiO_(3),which allows the performance of photodetectors to be controlled by the ferroelectric effect.Meanwhile,a relatively large responsivity and a fast response speed can be also observed.In particular,when the depolarization field of BaTiO_(3) is in the same direction of the built-in electric field of the Au/p-GaN Schottky junction(up polarized state),the photodetector exhibits a high responsivity of 18 mA/W at 360 nm,and a fast response speed of<40 ms at 0 V.These findings pave a new way for the preparation of high-performance photodetectors with bipolar photocurrents.展开更多
Photodetectors based on two-dimensional(2D) materials have attracted considerable attention because of their unique properties. To further improve the performance of self-driven photodetectors based on van der Waals h...Photodetectors based on two-dimensional(2D) materials have attracted considerable attention because of their unique properties. To further improve the performance of self-driven photodetectors based on van der Waals heterojunctions, a conductive band minimum(CBM) matched self-driven SnS_(2)/WS_(2) van der Waals heterojunction photodetector based on a SiO2/Si substrate has been designed. The device exhibits a positive current at zero voltage under 365 nm laser illumination.This is attributed to the built-in electric field at the interface of the SnS_(2) and WS_(2) layer, which will separate and transport the photogenerated carriers, even at zero bias voltage. In addition, the Al_(2)O_(3) layer is covered by the surface of the SnS_(2)/WS_(2) photodetector to further improve the performance, because the Al_(2)O_(3) layer will introduce tensile stress on the surface of the 2D materials leading to a higher electron concentration and smaller effective mass of electrons in the films. This work provides an idea for the research of self-driven photodetectors based on a van der Waals heterogeneous junction.展开更多
The self-driven behavior of droplets on a functionalized surface,coupled with wetting gradient and wedge patterns,is systematically investigated using molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.The effects of key factors,inclu...The self-driven behavior of droplets on a functionalized surface,coupled with wetting gradient and wedge patterns,is systematically investigated using molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.The effects of key factors,including wedge angle,wettability,and wetting gradient,on the droplet self-driving effect is revealed from the nanoscale.Results indicate that the maximum velocity of droplets on hydrophobic wedge-shaped surfaces increases with the wedge angle,accompanied by a rapid attenuation of driving force;however,the average velocity decreases with the increased wedge angle.Conversely,droplet movement on hydrophilic wedge-shaped surfaces follows the opposite trend,particularly in terms of average velocity compared to the hydrophobic case.Both wedge-shaped and composite gradient wedge-shaped surfaces are found to induce droplet motion,with droplets exhibiting higher speeds and distances on hydrophobic surfaces compared to hydrophilic surfaces,regardless of surface type.Importantly,the inclusion of wettability gradients significantly influences droplet motion,with hydrophobic composite gradient wedge-shaped surfaces showing considerable improvements in droplet speed and distance compared to their hydrophilic counterparts.By combining suitable wettability gradients with wedge-shaped surfaces,the limitations inherent in the wettability gradient range and wedge-shaped configuration can be mitigated,thereby enhancing droplet speed and distance.The findings presented in this paper offer valuable insights for the design of advanced functional surfaces tailored for manipulating droplets in real-world applications.展开更多
Attributed to its excellent physicochemical properties,graphene(GR)has very active applications in the fields of catalysis,optoelectronic devices,and battery electrode materials.However,until now,regulating the type a...Attributed to its excellent physicochemical properties,graphene(GR)has very active applications in the fields of catalysis,optoelectronic devices,and battery electrode materials.However,until now,regulating the type and density of carriers in GR is still crucial for its practical applications.Here,reduced graphene oxide(RGO)-Bi_(2)Te_(3)heterojunctions doped with different contents were prepared by a simple one-step method.The Bi_(2)Te_(3)materials containing different RGO were made into broadband(365–850 nm)photoelectrochemical-type detectors,and the effects of the doping amount of RGO on the optoelectronic behavior of the devices and the intrinsic operation mechanism of the devices were investigated in detail.The results show that the values of Iph/Idark,Ri,and D*of Bi_(2)Te_(3)/RGO heterojunction devices obtained with 1 mg of RGO doping are 412,6.072 mA/W,and 2.4061010 Jones,respectively.It is anticipated that this work will provide a research basis for future quantitative tuning of the performance of micro-nano devices by GR.展开更多
Polar two-dimensional(2D)perovskites with their excellent semiconductor properties,intrinsic anisotropy,and bulk photovoltaic effect,have emerged as promising candidates for Self-driven polarization-sensitive photodet...Polar two-dimensional(2D)perovskites with their excellent semiconductor properties,intrinsic anisotropy,and bulk photovoltaic effect,have emerged as promising candidates for Self-driven polarization-sensitive photodetectors.However,these self-driven polarized detectors typically require fabrication along the spontaneous polarization direction to maintain the device’s operation in the self-driven mode,which imposes additional limitations.Herein,we demonstrate multidirectional self-driven polarization-sensitive photodetection by constructing 2D perovskite-based asymmetric contact devices,Ag/2D perovskite/C.The built-in electric field,originating from the difference in work functions,acts as the driving force for the separation and transport of photogenerated carriers.Notably,this approach does not necessitate a specific direction,thereby enabling multidirectional self-driven photodetection.Under excitation by linearly polarized light,our devices exhibit impressive polarization-sensitive discrimination in multiple directions,achieving polarization ratios of 3.3 and 3.1 along the a and baxes,respectively.Our work enriches the approaches enabling self-driven polarization-sensitive photodetection,free from the previous limitations.展开更多
Lead-free perovskite has become a shining pearl in the field of direct X-ray detection due to its nontoxicity and excellent optoelectronic properties.However,the high limit of detection(LoD)of X-ray detectors due to h...Lead-free perovskite has become a shining pearl in the field of direct X-ray detection due to its nontoxicity and excellent optoelectronic properties.However,the high limit of detection(LoD)of X-ray detectors due to high current noise caused by high operating voltages is a major challenge to overcome.Here,we utilized a zero-dimensional lead-free perovskite ferroelectric material(NMP)_(3)Sb_(2)Br_(9)(1,NMP=Nmethylpyrrolidine)to achieve ultra-low Lo D self-driven X-ray detection.The self-driven detection mode without external bias has been proven to be an effective means of reducing Lo D due to its low current noise characteristics.Additionally,the zero-dimensional distinctive isolated framework results in a high resistivity of 1.39×10^(11)Ωcm,which effectively reduces the current noise and suppresses ion migration.By further combining the ferroelectric-induced bulk photovoltaic effect,the 1-based detector achieves an ultra-low Lo D X-ray detection of 84.1 n Gyair/s under the self-driven mode,which represents a quite advanced level in the lead-free perovskite X-ray detection region.Our work successfully achieved ultra-low Lo D self-driven X-ray detection by combining ferroelectricity with high resistance,providing a promising avenue for the development of low Lo D X-ray detectors.展开更多
Inverted perovskite solar cells(IPSCs)have emerged as promising photovoltaic technologies due to excellent photoelectric properties and solution processing advantages.However,the traditional preparation process based ...Inverted perovskite solar cells(IPSCs)have emerged as promising photovoltaic technologies due to excellent photoelectric properties and solution processing advantages.However,the traditional preparation process based on inert atmosphere annealing of perovskite films faces key challenges,including high energy consumption,strict crystallization control,and the presence of stresses.The study introduces the in situ self-driven crystallization(ISDC)strategy,which is an innovative method to realize the spontaneous crystallization of perovskite in the original environment and substrate under ambient air at 25℃ without annealing.This approach successfully achieved high-quality perovskite films with preferential(001)and(002)orientations without annealing treatment.Choline chloride(a kind of vitamin B4,VB4)can simultaneously realize iodine deficiency passivation and hydrogen bond association of formamidine/methylamine(FA/MA)in the ISDC process,thus preventing the reaction of water molecules with the formed perovskite.Isopropyl alcohol(IPA)will take away part of the water molecules in the process of volatilization due to the hydrogen bond with water,so as to ensure the priority of the perovskite reaction.Finally,ISDC-IPSCs achieved a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 21.86%,which exceeded the PCE of 21.19%of IPSCs prepared by the annealing scheme,and maintained 94.7%of the initial PCE after 2250 h of storage in a N_(2)environment.The ambient-air ISDC strategy sets a precedent for the annealing-free crystallization of perovskite.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)multilayered perovskites are poised to revitalize the field of efficient X-ray detection due to their strong X-ray absorption ability and excellent carrier transport.However,2D alternating cations i...Two-dimensional(2D)multilayered perovskites are poised to revitalize the field of efficient X-ray detection due to their strong X-ray absorption ability and excellent carrier transport.However,2D alternating cations intercalation(ACI)type multilayered perovskites,which hold promise as potential X-ray detection materials,still remain largely unexplored in X-ray detection capabilities.Herein,through methylammonium intercalation reorienting aromatic amine cations,an ACI multilayered perovskite(NMA)_(3)(MA)_(3)Pb_(4)I_(14)(NMPI,NMA=N-methylbenzylaminium,MA=methylammonium)is successfully constructed for efficient self-driven X-ray detection.Specifically,the reconstructed NMPI has a smoother multilayered inorganic framework with an enhanced mobility-lifetime product compared with the prototype(NMA)_(4)Pb_(3)I_(10).Notably,based on polar structure-induced radiation photovoltage(1.2 V),NMPI exhibits a high sensitivity of 113.78μC Gy^(-1)cm^(-2)and a low detection limit of 162 nGy s^(-1)under zero bias.This work first explores sensitive self-driven X-ray detection in ACI-type multilayered perovskite,shedding light on future exploration for high-performance X-ray detection.展开更多
Because of extensive potential applications in health fields,wearable self-driven sensors are indispensable for next-generation medical systems.In this paper,a wearable self-driven sensor utilizing a lift-off[In,Ga]N ...Because of extensive potential applications in health fields,wearable self-driven sensors are indispensable for next-generation medical systems.In this paper,a wearable self-driven sensor utilizing a lift-off[In,Ga]N film is proposed and demonstrated successfully.[In,Ga]N film is separated from an epitaxial silicon substrate through an economical and fast electrochemical etching procedure.With good flexibility,the self-driven sensor can continuously monitor localized sweat and sweat electrolyte concentrations.Hence,it can monitor the electrolyte loss in the human body,which is crucial to facilitate proper fluid replenishment for people during exercise.Furthermore,the sensor maintains stable detection performance under different bending conditions,indicating good stability.Therefore,this study holds great potential for the advancement of wearable devices for personalized health management requiring ultra-low energy consumption.展开更多
In order to improve the starved lubrication condition of rolling bearings,three kinds of textures,namely dimple,groove texture,and gradient groove texture,were developed on the guiding surface of thrust ball bearings ...In order to improve the starved lubrication condition of rolling bearings,three kinds of textures,namely dimple,groove texture,and gradient groove texture,were developed on the guiding surface of thrust ball bearings in this study.The results show that gradient groove texture has the one-way self-driving function of liquid droplets.The root mean square(RMS)value of vibration acceleration of gradient groove textured bearing(GGB)decreased by 49.1% and the kurtosis decreased by 24.6% compared with non-textured bearing(NB)due to the directional spreading effect of gradient groove textures on oil.The frequency domain analysis showed that the textures mainly suppressed the medium and high-frequency energy of bearing vibration,and the GGB was reduced the most with 65.3% and 48%,respectively.In addition,whether the grease is sufficiently sheared has a large impact on the oil guiding effect,and the friction torque of GGB could decrease by 10.5% compared with NB in the sufficiently sheared condition.Therefore,the gradient groove texture with oil self-driven effect on the guiding surface of rolling bearing can effectively improve the lubrication condition of the bearing and thus reduce the bearing vibration and friction torque,which has a promising application prospect.展开更多
Manufacture of eco-friendly chrome-free leather is of great significance for realizing sustainable development of leather industry.Conventional tanning theory believes that it is impossible to convert raw hide to leat...Manufacture of eco-friendly chrome-free leather is of great significance for realizing sustainable development of leather industry.Conventional tanning theory believes that it is impossible to convert raw hide to leather without the utilization of cross-linking agent(e.g.,chrome salts)among collagen fibers in raw hide.Here,we developed a brand-new leather manufacture strategy that relied on the composite dehydration media enabled self-driven directional dehydration mechanism to accomplish chrome-free leather manufacture for the first time,rather than followed the classic cross-linking mechanism that has been obeyed for more than one century in leather industry.We demonstrated that the essence of leather making is to regulate the water content in raw hide rather than to form cross-linkage among collagen fibers.The composite dehydration media comprised of anhydrous ethanol and molecular sieves(3A activated zeolite powder)successfully guaranteed continuous self-driven directional dehydration of raw hide by establishing stable water concentration gradient between raw hide and ethanol,which significantly increased the dispersity of collagen fibers in raw hide(with the water content reduced from 56.07%to 5.20%),thus obtaining chrome-free leather that is more ecological than chrome-tanned leather due to the elimination of any tanning agent.The as-prepared chrome-free leather exhibited outstanding tear force(174.86 N),tensile strength(24.56 N mm−2),elongation at break(53.28%)and dry-thermal stability,superior to chrome-tanned leather.Notably,the used compos-ite dehydration media was recyclable for chrome-free leather manufacture,therefore facilitating an environmentally benign leather manufacture process.Our investigations are expected to open up a new conceptual leather making strategy that is applicable for realizing substantial manufacture of eco-friendly leather.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52170083 and 12305352)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2022RC1125).
文摘Simultaneous uranium recovery,organic pollutant degradation,and electricity generation were achieved by employing a self-driven photoelectrochemical(PEC)system equipped with a modified carbon felt(MCF)cathode for the treatment of complex radioactive wastewater.The MCF cathode was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method,which modified the surface functional groups on carbon felt(CF)with enhanced active site availability and facilitated interfacial charge transfer,thus improving its UO_(2)^(2+)adsorption and reduction capacities.The self-driven PEC system with the MCF cathode demonstrated remarkable removal efficiencies and rate constants(k)for UO_(2)^(2+)(98.8%and 0.111 min^(−1))and chlortetracycline hydrochloride(CTC)(92.9%and 0.028 min^(−1))within 40 min and 90 min,respectively,coupled with an excellent power output of 1.41 mW/cm^(2).Additionally,the system with the MCF cathode exhibited superior removal performance for UO_(2)^(2+)and CTC in treating model complex wastewater under wide conditions.Even under natural sunlight,the system achieved over 80%removal efficiency for both UO_(2)^(2+)and CTC.Moreover,the uranium immobilized on the MCF cathode was mainly reduced to U(Ⅳ)species(90.51%),and performance remained robust over ten operational cycles.The cathode surface modification strategy and its application in the system provide a cost-effective,multi-functional and high-efficiency approach to controlling nuclides and organic pollutants in complex radioactive wastewater.
基金Project supported by the Key Research and Development Program,China(Grant No.2016YFC0802508)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11672289 and 11422221)
文摘In this paper,the collective motion of self-driven robots is studied experimentally and theoretically.In the channel,the flowrate of robots increases with the density linearly,even if the density of the robots tends to 1.0.There is no abrupt drop in the flowrate,similar to the collective motion of ants.We find that the robots will adjust their velocities by a serial of tiny collisions.The speed-adjustment will affect both robots involved in the collision,and will help to maintain a nearly uniform velocity for the robots.As a result,the flowrate drop will disappear.In the motion,the robots neither gather together nor scatter completely.Instead,they form some clusters to move together.These clusters are not stable during the moving process,but their sizes follow a power-law-alike distribution.We propose a theoretical model to simulate this collective motion process,which can reproduce these behaviors well.Analytic results about the flowrate behavior are also consistent with experiments.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51777093)
文摘This paper presents a cascode configuration synchronous rectifier device based on silicon MOSFET and Schottky diode,which can replace traditional power diode directly.This structure has self-driven ability with simple external circuit,and the conduction characteristic is preferable to a power diode.Static characterization and switching behavior analysis of proposed structure are conducted in this paper.The switching process is illustrated in detail using real model which considers the parasitic inductances and the nonlinearity of junction capacitors.The real time internal voltage and current value during switching transition are deduced with the equivalent circuit.To validate the analysis,two voltage specification rectifiers are built.Finally,double-pulse test results and the practical design example verify the performance advantages of proposed structure.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.62074148,61875194,11727902,12204474,12304111,and 12304112)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.2020225)+1 种基金Jilin Province Science Fund (Grant Nos.20220101053JC and 20210101145JC)Jilin Province Young and Middle-Aged Science and Technology Innovation Leaders and Team Project (Grant No.20220508153RC)。
文摘Ferroelectric materials are promising candidates for ultraviolet photodetectors due to their ferroelectric effect.In this work,a BaTiO_(3)/p-GaN/Au hybrid heterojunction-Schottky self-driven ultraviolet photodetector was fabricated with excellent bipolar photoresponse property.At 0 V bias,the direction of the photocurrent can be switched by flipping the depolarization field of BaTiO_(3),which allows the performance of photodetectors to be controlled by the ferroelectric effect.Meanwhile,a relatively large responsivity and a fast response speed can be also observed.In particular,when the depolarization field of BaTiO_(3) is in the same direction of the built-in electric field of the Au/p-GaN Schottky junction(up polarized state),the photodetector exhibits a high responsivity of 18 mA/W at 360 nm,and a fast response speed of<40 ms at 0 V.These findings pave a new way for the preparation of high-performance photodetectors with bipolar photocurrents.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.61974144,62004127,and 12074263)the Science and Technology Foundation of Shenzhen (Grant No.JSGG20191129114216474)the “National” Taipei University of Technology–Shenzhen University Joint Research Program,China (Grant No.2020009)。
文摘Photodetectors based on two-dimensional(2D) materials have attracted considerable attention because of their unique properties. To further improve the performance of self-driven photodetectors based on van der Waals heterojunctions, a conductive band minimum(CBM) matched self-driven SnS_(2)/WS_(2) van der Waals heterojunction photodetector based on a SiO2/Si substrate has been designed. The device exhibits a positive current at zero voltage under 365 nm laser illumination.This is attributed to the built-in electric field at the interface of the SnS_(2) and WS_(2) layer, which will separate and transport the photogenerated carriers, even at zero bias voltage. In addition, the Al_(2)O_(3) layer is covered by the surface of the SnS_(2)/WS_(2) photodetector to further improve the performance, because the Al_(2)O_(3) layer will introduce tensile stress on the surface of the 2D materials leading to a higher electron concentration and smaller effective mass of electrons in the films. This work provides an idea for the research of self-driven photodetectors based on a van der Waals heterogeneous junction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52206073)the University Outstanding Youth Fund Project of Anhui Province(Nos.2022AH020028 and 2022AH030037)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(Nos.1908085QF292 and 2308085ME173)Anhui Province Outstanding Young Talents Support Program(No.gxyqZD2022058)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2024A1515011379 and 2023A1515110613).
文摘The self-driven behavior of droplets on a functionalized surface,coupled with wetting gradient and wedge patterns,is systematically investigated using molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.The effects of key factors,including wedge angle,wettability,and wetting gradient,on the droplet self-driving effect is revealed from the nanoscale.Results indicate that the maximum velocity of droplets on hydrophobic wedge-shaped surfaces increases with the wedge angle,accompanied by a rapid attenuation of driving force;however,the average velocity decreases with the increased wedge angle.Conversely,droplet movement on hydrophilic wedge-shaped surfaces follows the opposite trend,particularly in terms of average velocity compared to the hydrophobic case.Both wedge-shaped and composite gradient wedge-shaped surfaces are found to induce droplet motion,with droplets exhibiting higher speeds and distances on hydrophobic surfaces compared to hydrophilic surfaces,regardless of surface type.Importantly,the inclusion of wettability gradients significantly influences droplet motion,with hydrophobic composite gradient wedge-shaped surfaces showing considerable improvements in droplet speed and distance compared to their hydrophilic counterparts.By combining suitable wettability gradients with wedge-shaped surfaces,the limitations inherent in the wettability gradient range and wedge-shaped configuration can be mitigated,thereby enhancing droplet speed and distance.The findings presented in this paper offer valuable insights for the design of advanced functional surfaces tailored for manipulating droplets in real-world applications.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0705201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2032129).
文摘Attributed to its excellent physicochemical properties,graphene(GR)has very active applications in the fields of catalysis,optoelectronic devices,and battery electrode materials.However,until now,regulating the type and density of carriers in GR is still crucial for its practical applications.Here,reduced graphene oxide(RGO)-Bi_(2)Te_(3)heterojunctions doped with different contents were prepared by a simple one-step method.The Bi_(2)Te_(3)materials containing different RGO were made into broadband(365–850 nm)photoelectrochemical-type detectors,and the effects of the doping amount of RGO on the optoelectronic behavior of the devices and the intrinsic operation mechanism of the devices were investigated in detail.The results show that the values of Iph/Idark,Ri,and D*of Bi_(2)Te_(3)/RGO heterojunction devices obtained with 1 mg of RGO doping are 412,6.072 mA/W,and 2.4061010 Jones,respectively.It is anticipated that this work will provide a research basis for future quantitative tuning of the performance of micro-nano devices by GR.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22435005,22193042,52202194,21833010,21921001,22175177,21971238,22201284)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2023J05076)+1 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDBS-LY-SLH024)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M713152,2023M733501,2023T160646)。
文摘Polar two-dimensional(2D)perovskites with their excellent semiconductor properties,intrinsic anisotropy,and bulk photovoltaic effect,have emerged as promising candidates for Self-driven polarization-sensitive photodetectors.However,these self-driven polarized detectors typically require fabrication along the spontaneous polarization direction to maintain the device’s operation in the self-driven mode,which imposes additional limitations.Herein,we demonstrate multidirectional self-driven polarization-sensitive photodetection by constructing 2D perovskite-based asymmetric contact devices,Ag/2D perovskite/C.The built-in electric field,originating from the difference in work functions,acts as the driving force for the separation and transport of photogenerated carriers.Notably,this approach does not necessitate a specific direction,thereby enabling multidirectional self-driven photodetection.Under excitation by linearly polarized light,our devices exhibit impressive polarization-sensitive discrimination in multiple directions,achieving polarization ratios of 3.3 and 3.1 along the a and baxes,respectively.Our work enriches the approaches enabling self-driven polarization-sensitive photodetection,free from the previous limitations.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22435005,22193042,22201284,22305105,22405108,22175177,22125110,22122507U21A2069)+4 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.ZDBS-LY-SLH024)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2023J05076)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFA0210402)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(Nos.20224BAB213003,20232BAB213020)Jiangxi Provincial Education Department Science and Technology Research Foundation(No.GJJ2200384)。
文摘Lead-free perovskite has become a shining pearl in the field of direct X-ray detection due to its nontoxicity and excellent optoelectronic properties.However,the high limit of detection(LoD)of X-ray detectors due to high current noise caused by high operating voltages is a major challenge to overcome.Here,we utilized a zero-dimensional lead-free perovskite ferroelectric material(NMP)_(3)Sb_(2)Br_(9)(1,NMP=Nmethylpyrrolidine)to achieve ultra-low Lo D self-driven X-ray detection.The self-driven detection mode without external bias has been proven to be an effective means of reducing Lo D due to its low current noise characteristics.Additionally,the zero-dimensional distinctive isolated framework results in a high resistivity of 1.39×10^(11)Ωcm,which effectively reduces the current noise and suppresses ion migration.By further combining the ferroelectric-induced bulk photovoltaic effect,the 1-based detector achieves an ultra-low Lo D X-ray detection of 84.1 n Gyair/s under the self-driven mode,which represents a quite advanced level in the lead-free perovskite X-ray detection region.Our work successfully achieved ultra-low Lo D self-driven X-ray detection by combining ferroelectricity with high resistance,providing a promising avenue for the development of low Lo D X-ray detectors.
基金Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2024ZDZX0030)Chengdu Science and Technology Program(2024-JB00-00010-GX)+1 种基金Tianfu Yongxing Laboratory Science and Technology Key Project(2023KJGG15)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52325401)。
文摘Inverted perovskite solar cells(IPSCs)have emerged as promising photovoltaic technologies due to excellent photoelectric properties and solution processing advantages.However,the traditional preparation process based on inert atmosphere annealing of perovskite films faces key challenges,including high energy consumption,strict crystallization control,and the presence of stresses.The study introduces the in situ self-driven crystallization(ISDC)strategy,which is an innovative method to realize the spontaneous crystallization of perovskite in the original environment and substrate under ambient air at 25℃ without annealing.This approach successfully achieved high-quality perovskite films with preferential(001)and(002)orientations without annealing treatment.Choline chloride(a kind of vitamin B4,VB4)can simultaneously realize iodine deficiency passivation and hydrogen bond association of formamidine/methylamine(FA/MA)in the ISDC process,thus preventing the reaction of water molecules with the formed perovskite.Isopropyl alcohol(IPA)will take away part of the water molecules in the process of volatilization due to the hydrogen bond with water,so as to ensure the priority of the perovskite reaction.Finally,ISDC-IPSCs achieved a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 21.86%,which exceeded the PCE of 21.19%of IPSCs prepared by the annealing scheme,and maintained 94.7%of the initial PCE after 2250 h of storage in a N_(2)environment.The ambient-air ISDC strategy sets a precedent for the annealing-free crystallization of perovskite.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22435005,22193042,21921001,22125110,22122507,U21A2069)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDBSLY-SLH024)。
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)multilayered perovskites are poised to revitalize the field of efficient X-ray detection due to their strong X-ray absorption ability and excellent carrier transport.However,2D alternating cations intercalation(ACI)type multilayered perovskites,which hold promise as potential X-ray detection materials,still remain largely unexplored in X-ray detection capabilities.Herein,through methylammonium intercalation reorienting aromatic amine cations,an ACI multilayered perovskite(NMA)_(3)(MA)_(3)Pb_(4)I_(14)(NMPI,NMA=N-methylbenzylaminium,MA=methylammonium)is successfully constructed for efficient self-driven X-ray detection.Specifically,the reconstructed NMPI has a smoother multilayered inorganic framework with an enhanced mobility-lifetime product compared with the prototype(NMA)_(4)Pb_(3)I_(10).Notably,based on polar structure-induced radiation photovoltage(1.2 V),NMPI exhibits a high sensitivity of 113.78μC Gy^(-1)cm^(-2)and a low detection limit of 162 nGy s^(-1)under zero bias.This work first explores sensitive self-driven X-ray detection in ACI-type multilayered perovskite,shedding light on future exploration for high-performance X-ray detection.
基金supported by the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.ZDBSLY-JSC034)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62174172)+4 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2023TQ0238 and 2023M742560)the Jiangsu Key Disciplines of the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan(No.2021135)the Suzhou Fundamental Research Project(No.SSD2024003)the Science and Technology Youth Talent Project of Jiangsu Province(No.JSTJ-2024-016)the Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship Foundation of USTC(No.CY2024X003B)。
文摘Because of extensive potential applications in health fields,wearable self-driven sensors are indispensable for next-generation medical systems.In this paper,a wearable self-driven sensor utilizing a lift-off[In,Ga]N film is proposed and demonstrated successfully.[In,Ga]N film is separated from an epitaxial silicon substrate through an economical and fast electrochemical etching procedure.With good flexibility,the self-driven sensor can continuously monitor localized sweat and sweat electrolyte concentrations.Hence,it can monitor the electrolyte loss in the human body,which is crucial to facilitate proper fluid replenishment for people during exercise.Furthermore,the sensor maintains stable detection performance under different bending conditions,indicating good stability.Therefore,this study holds great potential for the advancement of wearable devices for personalized health management requiring ultra-low energy consumption.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFB2006803)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang(Grant No.GK209907299001-006)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.LY19E050014)Foundation of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department of China(Grant No.Y202044314).
文摘In order to improve the starved lubrication condition of rolling bearings,three kinds of textures,namely dimple,groove texture,and gradient groove texture,were developed on the guiding surface of thrust ball bearings in this study.The results show that gradient groove texture has the one-way self-driving function of liquid droplets.The root mean square(RMS)value of vibration acceleration of gradient groove textured bearing(GGB)decreased by 49.1% and the kurtosis decreased by 24.6% compared with non-textured bearing(NB)due to the directional spreading effect of gradient groove textures on oil.The frequency domain analysis showed that the textures mainly suppressed the medium and high-frequency energy of bearing vibration,and the GGB was reduced the most with 65.3% and 48%,respectively.In addition,whether the grease is sufficiently sheared has a large impact on the oil guiding effect,and the friction torque of GGB could decrease by 10.5% compared with NB in the sufficiently sheared condition.Therefore,the gradient groove texture with oil self-driven effect on the guiding surface of rolling bearing can effectively improve the lubrication condition of the bearing and thus reduce the bearing vibration and friction torque,which has a promising application prospect.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22178232,No.21978176)the National Natural Science Funds for Excellent Youth Scholars(No.21922808)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2018YFC1901101)the Key Research and Development Program of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2021ZYCD009)the Program of Sichuan University Featured Research Groups in Engineering Disciplines.
文摘Manufacture of eco-friendly chrome-free leather is of great significance for realizing sustainable development of leather industry.Conventional tanning theory believes that it is impossible to convert raw hide to leather without the utilization of cross-linking agent(e.g.,chrome salts)among collagen fibers in raw hide.Here,we developed a brand-new leather manufacture strategy that relied on the composite dehydration media enabled self-driven directional dehydration mechanism to accomplish chrome-free leather manufacture for the first time,rather than followed the classic cross-linking mechanism that has been obeyed for more than one century in leather industry.We demonstrated that the essence of leather making is to regulate the water content in raw hide rather than to form cross-linkage among collagen fibers.The composite dehydration media comprised of anhydrous ethanol and molecular sieves(3A activated zeolite powder)successfully guaranteed continuous self-driven directional dehydration of raw hide by establishing stable water concentration gradient between raw hide and ethanol,which significantly increased the dispersity of collagen fibers in raw hide(with the water content reduced from 56.07%to 5.20%),thus obtaining chrome-free leather that is more ecological than chrome-tanned leather due to the elimination of any tanning agent.The as-prepared chrome-free leather exhibited outstanding tear force(174.86 N),tensile strength(24.56 N mm−2),elongation at break(53.28%)and dry-thermal stability,superior to chrome-tanned leather.Notably,the used compos-ite dehydration media was recyclable for chrome-free leather manufacture,therefore facilitating an environmentally benign leather manufacture process.Our investigations are expected to open up a new conceptual leather making strategy that is applicable for realizing substantial manufacture of eco-friendly leather.
