Translating film subtitles has been generally accepted as a burgeoning industry and is being ever closely concerned by the translators. This essay aims to analyse how the cultural differences are addressed in Hero'...Translating film subtitles has been generally accepted as a burgeoning industry and is being ever closely concerned by the translators. This essay aims to analyse how the cultural differences are addressed in Hero's English subtitles. Making a carefully study of Hero's English subtitles, It is found that the translator mainly adopted domestication to address culture specific issues in order to meet the taste of the target audience. Techniques such as omission, paraphrasing, transposition are used to maintain fluency and transparency in the subtitles.展开更多
As a classic English movie in gothic style,English subtitles of Corpse Bride are of unique characteristics,featured with the beauty of rhyme,rhythm and rhetoric.The profound meaning of subtitles is very impressive.Thi...As a classic English movie in gothic style,English subtitles of Corpse Bride are of unique characteristics,featured with the beauty of rhyme,rhythm and rhetoric.The profound meaning of subtitles is very impressive.This study focuses on English rhetoric,analyzing figures of speech displayed in the subtitles from the perspectives of phonetics,syntax,semantics and logic.The analysis will help readers to better appreciate the charm and rhetorical effects of English subtitles in this movie.展开更多
This paper studies the four-character frame in the subtitle of the documentary Daming Palace, aiming to provide a reference for the translation of the documentary four-character case as well as better spread Chinese c...This paper studies the four-character frame in the subtitle of the documentary Daming Palace, aiming to provide a reference for the translation of the documentary four-character case as well as better spread Chinese culture. By analyzing, researching and summarizing the subtitle of Daming Palace and reading a lot of literature, the author has found that in Daming Palace the four-character frame is characterized by the use of the absolute four-character frames and the recurrence of some four-character frames, and that C-E translation methods of the four-character frame are mainly literal translation, free translation, provincial translation and concise translation.展开更多
As second language learning becomes popular,various strategies to improve the learning process have been suggested.One of them includes the implantation of audiovisual materials(video authentic materials),which then l...As second language learning becomes popular,various strategies to improve the learning process have been suggested.One of them includes the implantation of audiovisual materials(video authentic materials),which then leads to a discussion of subtitle usage and the value of subtitles in second language learning.This essay focuses on searching for literature that suggests the value of subtitles,especially teletext subtitles,in improving second language learning.This was achieved by reviewing relevant research and experiments.The results suggested that even though uncertainty remained on what kind of materials fit what level of learners,in general,subtitles,especially teletext subtitles,were seen as a beneficial tool in developing learners' listening abilities and skills.展开更多
Nowadays,people use online resources such as educational videos and courses.However,such videos and courses are mostly long and thus,summarizing them will be valuable.The video contents(visual,audio,and subtitles)coul...Nowadays,people use online resources such as educational videos and courses.However,such videos and courses are mostly long and thus,summarizing them will be valuable.The video contents(visual,audio,and subtitles)could be analyzed to generate textual summaries,i.e.,notes.Videos’subtitles contain significant information.Therefore,summarizing subtitles is effective to concentrate on the necessary details.Most of the existing studies used Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency(TF-IDF)and Latent Semantic Analysis(LSA)models to create lectures’summaries.This study takes another approach and applies LatentDirichlet Allocation(LDA),which proved its effectiveness in document summarization.Specifically,the proposed LDA summarization model follows three phases.The first phase aims to prepare the subtitle file for modelling by performing some preprocessing steps,such as removing stop words.In the second phase,the LDA model is trained on subtitles to generate the keywords list used to extract important sentences.Whereas in the third phase,a summary is generated based on the keywords list.The generated summaries by LDA were lengthy;thus,a length enhancement method has been proposed.For the evaluation,the authors developed manual summaries of the existing“EDUVSUM”educational videos dataset.The authors compared the generated summaries with the manual-generated outlines using two methods,(i)Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation(ROUGE)and(ii)human evaluation.The performance of LDA-based generated summaries outperforms the summaries generated by TF-IDF and LSA.Besides reducing the summaries’length,the proposed length enhancement method did improve the summaries’precision rates.Other domains,such as news videos,can apply the proposed method for video summarization.展开更多
This article conducts an analysis and exploration of the English subtitles translation of the domestic animated film Chang’an from the perspective of eco-translatology.Taking three-dimensional transformation as the e...This article conducts an analysis and exploration of the English subtitles translation of the domestic animated film Chang’an from the perspective of eco-translatology.Taking three-dimensional transformation as the entry point,it analyzes the adaptation and selection of subtitle translators in the translation process from the dimensions of language,culture,and communication in Chang’an,aiming to enrich the practical analysis of eco-translatology and provide valuable insights and references for the theoretical construction and practical application of eco-translatology.This article enriches the practical analysis of eco-translatology and also validates to a certain extent the applicability of“three-dimensional”transformation.展开更多
In recent years,withthe continuous improvement of China’s comprehensive national power,more and more excellent domestic films have been exported and welcomed by foreign audiencesbecause of successfulsubtitle translat...In recent years,withthe continuous improvement of China’s comprehensive national power,more and more excellent domestic films have been exported and welcomed by foreign audiencesbecause of successfulsubtitle translation.The translation of culture-specific items(CSI)in film subtitles is an unavoidable problem for translators,which will directly affect the foreign audience’s understanding of the film if not handled properly.The film Red Sorghum(1987)adapted from Mo Yan’s novel of the same name isrich in cultural-specific items.Accurate conveyingthe meaning of CSIto the target language audience under the constraints of time and space of subtitle translation is a major challenge facing translators in the process of translation.Different scholars have proposed their own classification methods for CSI.Besides,Javier Franco Aixeláfurther put forward 11 translation strategies for translating CSI.According to the subtitle characteristics of subtitles,this report adopts Aixelá’sclassification methods dividing the cultural-specific items in subtitles into proper nouns and common expressions.This paper specifically probes intothe application of Aixelá’stranslation strategies to cultural-special itemtranslation.展开更多
The Good Wife is an American TV series that focuses on women’s independence,politics,and law.The drama has been remade in China,Japan,and South Korea.This research aims to use Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory to...The Good Wife is an American TV series that focuses on women’s independence,politics,and law.The drama has been remade in China,Japan,and South Korea.This research aims to use Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory to analyze the methods of its English-to-Chinese subtitle translation by considering social,cultural,and historic backgrounds between China and America.After data collection and case analysis,the study found that:(1)Five major translation methods are adopted in the subtitle translation of The Good Wife.They are free translation,variation,literal translation,addition,and omission.Among them,free translation is the most frequently used,while omission is used least.(2)The subtitle translation of films and TV series is limited by time and space restrictions,social-cultural differences,and other factors.When translating,translators should try to use humorous words,euphemism,intonation,and other ways,and combine different methods such as literal translation,free translation,variation,addition,omission,and other methods to seek equivalence both in the meaning and function of subtitles under the guidance of Functional Equivalence Theory.展开更多
With the prosperous development of global film and television industry,the importance of subtitle translation is becoming more and more prominent.From the perspective of translation pragmatics,this paper explores the ...With the prosperous development of global film and television industry,the importance of subtitle translation is becoming more and more prominent.From the perspective of translation pragmatics,this paper explores the subtitle translation strategies and methods of the Chinese animation“Yao-Chinese folktales”as an example.It is found that the translators tend to adopt the naturalisation translation strategy based on the purpose of communication,and highlight the coherence of the translated text by omitting the translation based on the principle of coherence among the three principles of the theory of translation.At the same time,a small amount of phonetic translation is also used in the translation,which is faithful to the original text and disseminates Chinese culture.展开更多
In recent years,subtitling has emerged as a prominent topic in the field of translation studies.This paper conducts a quantitative analysis of literature related to“subtitling”retrieved from the China National Knowl...In recent years,subtitling has emerged as a prominent topic in the field of translation studies.This paper conducts a quantitative analysis of literature related to“subtitling”retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),focusing on sources indexed in the CSSCI and Peking University Core Journals databases.Utilizing the bibliometric tool CiteSpace,the study reviews the research hotspots and developmental trends in Chinese subtitling studies over the past two decades.The findings reveal that,driven by the growth of the film and television industry,deepening cross-cultural communication,and continuous technological advancements,research in this field has gradually shifted from theoretical exploration to practical application.The focus has become increasingly refined,diversified,and intelligent,expanding into interdisciplinary and multimodal translation studies.The paper also discusses current limitations in the research and outlines future directions,offering targeted suggestions to provide valuable references for further studies and practical endeavors in this domain.展开更多
As a special kind of text,the importance of translating subtitles is becoming more and more prominent.The subtitle translation is widely favored by the audience as one of the main form of film translation.Translated f...As a special kind of text,the importance of translating subtitles is becoming more and more prominent.The subtitle translation is widely favored by the audience as one of the main form of film translation.Translated film text is not under the constraints by the time of the movie screen’s switching.Unlike the translation of literary works,it can make some explanation in some obscure place.Therefore,the translation of the film dialogue must let the audience clear about the content upon taking a look.Translators should be based on the national audience,and from the artistic point of view of the audience’s appreciation of art,choose the native language that is most similar to domestic audiences,close to the original film art,and easy to accept.Therefore,research on the subject will have a significant effect on subtitles translation strategies.展开更多
This research studies the motives that lead Arabic-speaking university students to watch television programs in English or dubbed in Arabic, and diagnoses the possible effects of these programs on these young people. ...This research studies the motives that lead Arabic-speaking university students to watch television programs in English or dubbed in Arabic, and diagnoses the possible effects of these programs on these young people. A field study was conducted on a sample of viewers of the MBC2 and MBC4 Channels in the UAE. A questionnaire was used as a tool to cover a sample of the community comprised of 200 young people who attend various public and private universities in the UAE, aged generally between 18 and 30 years old. The applied study proves that there is no relationship between gender and audience preference, and that there is an independence of respondents＇ academic specialization and choice of channel. The study＇s results show that learning English is among the most important motives for the respondents to watch these programs and that 90% of respondents believe that watching foreign programs has negative effects on university youth.展开更多
Movie,as a media,plays an important and irreplaceable role in culture dissemination.Therefore,a successful film subtitle translation deserves much of the credit.Based on Darwin’s adaptation and selection and combined...Movie,as a media,plays an important and irreplaceable role in culture dissemination.Therefore,a successful film subtitle translation deserves much of the credit.Based on Darwin’s adaptation and selection and combined with the adaptation theory,professor Hu proposed and developed Eco-translatology,which studies translation from the perspective of ecology.This theory defined translation as a translator's adaptation and selection activities in a translational eco-environment,which is the world present by the source text,the source language,and the target language,namely the integrity of language,communication,culture,society,readers,the author and so on.展开更多
Nowadays,cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries have become increasingly frequent,which boosts the development of film industry and highlights the importance of subtitle translation.However,in China,su...Nowadays,cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries have become increasingly frequent,which boosts the development of film industry and highlights the importance of subtitle translation.However,in China,subtitling is a relatively new research field of translation.This study explores the guiding role of domestication and foreignization strategies in English film subtitle translation.On the basis of material from Ice Age,the paper carries on the analysis of film subtitle translation in terms of expressions with typical cultural features and idioms&proverbs under the effective guidance of domestication and foreignization translation strategies.It’s concluded that domestication and foreignization strategies can provide theoretical guidance for subtitling and appropriate combination of the two strategies can achieve better translation effects.展开更多
The performance of a machine translation system heavily depends on the quantity and quality of the bilingual language resource. However,getting a parallel corpus,which has a large scale and is of high quality,is a ver...The performance of a machine translation system heavily depends on the quantity and quality of the bilingual language resource. However,getting a parallel corpus,which has a large scale and is of high quality,is a very difficult task especially for low resource languages such as Chinese-Vietnamese. Fortunately,multilingual user generated contents（ UGC）,such as bilingual movie subtitles,provide us access to automatic construction of the parallel corpus. Although the amount of UGC parallel corpora can be considerable,the original corpus is not suitable for statistical machine translation（ SMT） systems. The corpus may contain translation errors,sentence mismatching,free translations,etc. To improve the quality of the bilingual corpus for SMT systems,three filtering methods are proposed： sentence length difference,the semantic of sentence pairs,and machine learning. Experiments are conducted on the Chinese to Vietnamese translation corpus.Experimental results demonstrate that all the three methods effectively improve the corpus quality,and the machine translation performance（ BLEU score） can be improved by 1. 32.展开更多
文摘Translating film subtitles has been generally accepted as a burgeoning industry and is being ever closely concerned by the translators. This essay aims to analyse how the cultural differences are addressed in Hero's English subtitles. Making a carefully study of Hero's English subtitles, It is found that the translator mainly adopted domestication to address culture specific issues in order to meet the taste of the target audience. Techniques such as omission, paraphrasing, transposition are used to maintain fluency and transparency in the subtitles.
文摘As a classic English movie in gothic style,English subtitles of Corpse Bride are of unique characteristics,featured with the beauty of rhyme,rhythm and rhetoric.The profound meaning of subtitles is very impressive.This study focuses on English rhetoric,analyzing figures of speech displayed in the subtitles from the perspectives of phonetics,syntax,semantics and logic.The analysis will help readers to better appreciate the charm and rhetorical effects of English subtitles in this movie.
文摘This paper studies the four-character frame in the subtitle of the documentary Daming Palace, aiming to provide a reference for the translation of the documentary four-character case as well as better spread Chinese culture. By analyzing, researching and summarizing the subtitle of Daming Palace and reading a lot of literature, the author has found that in Daming Palace the four-character frame is characterized by the use of the absolute four-character frames and the recurrence of some four-character frames, and that C-E translation methods of the four-character frame are mainly literal translation, free translation, provincial translation and concise translation.
文摘As second language learning becomes popular,various strategies to improve the learning process have been suggested.One of them includes the implantation of audiovisual materials(video authentic materials),which then leads to a discussion of subtitle usage and the value of subtitles in second language learning.This essay focuses on searching for literature that suggests the value of subtitles,especially teletext subtitles,in improving second language learning.This was achieved by reviewing relevant research and experiments.The results suggested that even though uncertainty remained on what kind of materials fit what level of learners,in general,subtitles,especially teletext subtitles,were seen as a beneficial tool in developing learners' listening abilities and skills.
文摘Nowadays,people use online resources such as educational videos and courses.However,such videos and courses are mostly long and thus,summarizing them will be valuable.The video contents(visual,audio,and subtitles)could be analyzed to generate textual summaries,i.e.,notes.Videos’subtitles contain significant information.Therefore,summarizing subtitles is effective to concentrate on the necessary details.Most of the existing studies used Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency(TF-IDF)and Latent Semantic Analysis(LSA)models to create lectures’summaries.This study takes another approach and applies LatentDirichlet Allocation(LDA),which proved its effectiveness in document summarization.Specifically,the proposed LDA summarization model follows three phases.The first phase aims to prepare the subtitle file for modelling by performing some preprocessing steps,such as removing stop words.In the second phase,the LDA model is trained on subtitles to generate the keywords list used to extract important sentences.Whereas in the third phase,a summary is generated based on the keywords list.The generated summaries by LDA were lengthy;thus,a length enhancement method has been proposed.For the evaluation,the authors developed manual summaries of the existing“EDUVSUM”educational videos dataset.The authors compared the generated summaries with the manual-generated outlines using two methods,(i)Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation(ROUGE)and(ii)human evaluation.The performance of LDA-based generated summaries outperforms the summaries generated by TF-IDF and LSA.Besides reducing the summaries’length,the proposed length enhancement method did improve the summaries’precision rates.Other domains,such as news videos,can apply the proposed method for video summarization.
文摘This article conducts an analysis and exploration of the English subtitles translation of the domestic animated film Chang’an from the perspective of eco-translatology.Taking three-dimensional transformation as the entry point,it analyzes the adaptation and selection of subtitle translators in the translation process from the dimensions of language,culture,and communication in Chang’an,aiming to enrich the practical analysis of eco-translatology and provide valuable insights and references for the theoretical construction and practical application of eco-translatology.This article enriches the practical analysis of eco-translatology and also validates to a certain extent the applicability of“three-dimensional”transformation.
基金This project is supported by Shandong Art&Education SpecificProgram 2020(Grant No.ZY20201177).
文摘In recent years,withthe continuous improvement of China’s comprehensive national power,more and more excellent domestic films have been exported and welcomed by foreign audiencesbecause of successfulsubtitle translation.The translation of culture-specific items(CSI)in film subtitles is an unavoidable problem for translators,which will directly affect the foreign audience’s understanding of the film if not handled properly.The film Red Sorghum(1987)adapted from Mo Yan’s novel of the same name isrich in cultural-specific items.Accurate conveyingthe meaning of CSIto the target language audience under the constraints of time and space of subtitle translation is a major challenge facing translators in the process of translation.Different scholars have proposed their own classification methods for CSI.Besides,Javier Franco Aixeláfurther put forward 11 translation strategies for translating CSI.According to the subtitle characteristics of subtitles,this report adopts Aixelá’sclassification methods dividing the cultural-specific items in subtitles into proper nouns and common expressions.This paper specifically probes intothe application of Aixelá’stranslation strategies to cultural-special itemtranslation.
文摘The Good Wife is an American TV series that focuses on women’s independence,politics,and law.The drama has been remade in China,Japan,and South Korea.This research aims to use Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory to analyze the methods of its English-to-Chinese subtitle translation by considering social,cultural,and historic backgrounds between China and America.After data collection and case analysis,the study found that:(1)Five major translation methods are adopted in the subtitle translation of The Good Wife.They are free translation,variation,literal translation,addition,and omission.Among them,free translation is the most frequently used,while omission is used least.(2)The subtitle translation of films and TV series is limited by time and space restrictions,social-cultural differences,and other factors.When translating,translators should try to use humorous words,euphemism,intonation,and other ways,and combine different methods such as literal translation,free translation,variation,addition,omission,and other methods to seek equivalence both in the meaning and function of subtitles under the guidance of Functional Equivalence Theory.
文摘With the prosperous development of global film and television industry,the importance of subtitle translation is becoming more and more prominent.From the perspective of translation pragmatics,this paper explores the subtitle translation strategies and methods of the Chinese animation“Yao-Chinese folktales”as an example.It is found that the translators tend to adopt the naturalisation translation strategy based on the purpose of communication,and highlight the coherence of the translated text by omitting the translation based on the principle of coherence among the three principles of the theory of translation.At the same time,a small amount of phonetic translation is also used in the translation,which is faithful to the original text and disseminates Chinese culture.
基金The Educational Reform of Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications for Postgraduate Programs,“Integrating Chinese and English Discourses:An Exploration of the Optimization Path for the MTI Training Model Driven by PBL Theory”(Project No.:YJGJ2024034)。
文摘In recent years,subtitling has emerged as a prominent topic in the field of translation studies.This paper conducts a quantitative analysis of literature related to“subtitling”retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),focusing on sources indexed in the CSSCI and Peking University Core Journals databases.Utilizing the bibliometric tool CiteSpace,the study reviews the research hotspots and developmental trends in Chinese subtitling studies over the past two decades.The findings reveal that,driven by the growth of the film and television industry,deepening cross-cultural communication,and continuous technological advancements,research in this field has gradually shifted from theoretical exploration to practical application.The focus has become increasingly refined,diversified,and intelligent,expanding into interdisciplinary and multimodal translation studies.The paper also discusses current limitations in the research and outlines future directions,offering targeted suggestions to provide valuable references for further studies and practical endeavors in this domain.
文摘As a special kind of text,the importance of translating subtitles is becoming more and more prominent.The subtitle translation is widely favored by the audience as one of the main form of film translation.Translated film text is not under the constraints by the time of the movie screen’s switching.Unlike the translation of literary works,it can make some explanation in some obscure place.Therefore,the translation of the film dialogue must let the audience clear about the content upon taking a look.Translators should be based on the national audience,and from the artistic point of view of the audience’s appreciation of art,choose the native language that is most similar to domestic audiences,close to the original film art,and easy to accept.Therefore,research on the subject will have a significant effect on subtitles translation strategies.
文摘This research studies the motives that lead Arabic-speaking university students to watch television programs in English or dubbed in Arabic, and diagnoses the possible effects of these programs on these young people. A field study was conducted on a sample of viewers of the MBC2 and MBC4 Channels in the UAE. A questionnaire was used as a tool to cover a sample of the community comprised of 200 young people who attend various public and private universities in the UAE, aged generally between 18 and 30 years old. The applied study proves that there is no relationship between gender and audience preference, and that there is an independence of respondents＇ academic specialization and choice of channel. The study＇s results show that learning English is among the most important motives for the respondents to watch these programs and that 90% of respondents believe that watching foreign programs has negative effects on university youth.
文摘Movie,as a media,plays an important and irreplaceable role in culture dissemination.Therefore,a successful film subtitle translation deserves much of the credit.Based on Darwin’s adaptation and selection and combined with the adaptation theory,professor Hu proposed and developed Eco-translatology,which studies translation from the perspective of ecology.This theory defined translation as a translator's adaptation and selection activities in a translational eco-environment,which is the world present by the source text,the source language,and the target language,namely the integrity of language,communication,culture,society,readers,the author and so on.
文摘Nowadays,cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries have become increasingly frequent,which boosts the development of film industry and highlights the importance of subtitle translation.However,in China,subtitling is a relatively new research field of translation.This study explores the guiding role of domestication and foreignization strategies in English film subtitle translation.On the basis of material from Ice Age,the paper carries on the analysis of film subtitle translation in terms of expressions with typical cultural features and idioms&proverbs under the effective guidance of domestication and foreignization translation strategies.It’s concluded that domestication and foreignization strategies can provide theoretical guidance for subtitling and appropriate combination of the two strategies can achieve better translation effects.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973Program)(2013CB329303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61502035)
文摘The performance of a machine translation system heavily depends on the quantity and quality of the bilingual language resource. However,getting a parallel corpus,which has a large scale and is of high quality,is a very difficult task especially for low resource languages such as Chinese-Vietnamese. Fortunately,multilingual user generated contents（ UGC）,such as bilingual movie subtitles,provide us access to automatic construction of the parallel corpus. Although the amount of UGC parallel corpora can be considerable,the original corpus is not suitable for statistical machine translation（ SMT） systems. The corpus may contain translation errors,sentence mismatching,free translations,etc. To improve the quality of the bilingual corpus for SMT systems,three filtering methods are proposed： sentence length difference,the semantic of sentence pairs,and machine learning. Experiments are conducted on the Chinese to Vietnamese translation corpus.Experimental results demonstrate that all the three methods effectively improve the corpus quality,and the machine translation performance（ BLEU score） can be improved by 1. 32.
