This paper presents an exact analytical subdomain model of dual-stator consequent-pole permanent-magnet(DSCPPM)machines accounting for tooth-tips,which can accurately predict the armature reaction field distribution i...This paper presents an exact analytical subdomain model of dual-stator consequent-pole permanent-magnet(DSCPPM)machines accounting for tooth-tips,which can accurately predict the armature reaction field distribution in DSCPPM machines.In the proposed subdomain model,the field domain is composed of four types of sub-regions,viz.magnets,outer/inner air gaps,slots and slot openings.The analytical expressions of vector potential in each sub-region are determined by boundary and interface conditions.In comparison to the analytically predicted results,the corresponding flux density field distributions computed by finite element(FE)method are analyzed,which confirms the excellent accuracy of the developed subdomain model.展开更多
The paper presents an accurate analytical subdomain model for predicting the electromagnetic performance in the symmetrical dual three-phase surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine(PMSM)under open-phase f...The paper presents an accurate analytical subdomain model for predicting the electromagnetic performance in the symmetrical dual three-phase surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine(PMSM)under open-phase faulty conditions.The model derivations are extended from previous accurate subdomain models accounting for slotting effects.Compared with most conventional subdomain models for traditional three-phase machines with nonoverlapping winding arrangement,the subdomain model proposed in this paper applied for the 24-slot/4-pole dual three-phase machine with symmetrical overlapping winding arrangement.In order to investigate the postfault electromagnetic performance,the reconfigured phase currents and then current density distribution in stator slots under different open-circuit conditions are discussed.According to the developed model and postfault current density distribution,the steady-state electromagnetic performance,such as the electromagnetic torque and unbalanced magnetic force,under open-circuit faulty conditions are obtained.For validation purposes,finite element analysis(FEA)is employed to validate the analytical results.The result indicate that the postfault electromagnet performance can be accurately predicted by the proposed subdomain model,which is in good agreement with FEA results.展开更多
In this work,we propose incorporating the finite cell method(FCM)into the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)to improve the efficiency and robustness of ANCF elements in simulating structures with complex loca...In this work,we propose incorporating the finite cell method(FCM)into the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)to improve the efficiency and robustness of ANCF elements in simulating structures with complex local features.In addition,an adaptive subdomain integration method based on a triangulation technique is devised to avoid excessive subdivisions,largely reducing the computational cost.Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in large deformation,large rotation and dynamics simulation.展开更多
The material point method(MPM)has been proved to be an effective numerical method for large deformation problems.However,the MPM suffers from the cell crossing error as that the material particles are used to represen...The material point method(MPM)has been proved to be an effective numerical method for large deformation problems.However,the MPM suffers from the cell crossing error as that the material particles are used to represent the deformed material and to perform the particle quadrature.In this paper,an efficient subdomain quadrature material point method(sqMPM)is proposed to eliminate the cell crossing error efficiently.The particle domain is approximated to be the line segment,rectangle,and cuboid for the one-,two-,and three-dimensional problems,respectively,which are divided into several different subdomains based on the topological relationship between the particle domain and background grid.A single Gauss quadrature point is placed at the center of each subdomain and used for the information mapping.The material quantities of each Gauss quadrature point are determined by the corresponding material particle and the subdomain volume without the cumbersome reconstruction algorithm.Numerical examples for one-,two-,and three-dimensional large deformation problems demonstrate the effectiveness and highly enhanced convergence and efficiency of the proposed sqMPM.展开更多
Temporal and spatial subdomain techniques are proposed for a time-spectral method for solution of initial-value problems. The spectral method, called the generalised weighted residual method (GWRM), is a generalisatio...Temporal and spatial subdomain techniques are proposed for a time-spectral method for solution of initial-value problems. The spectral method, called the generalised weighted residual method (GWRM), is a generalisation of weighted residual methods to the time and parameter domains [1]. A semi-analytical Chebyshev polynomial ansatz is employed, and the problem reduces to determine the coefficients of the ansatz from linear or nonlinear algebraic systems of equations. In order to avoid large memory storage and computational cost, it is preferable to subdivide the temporal and spatial domains into subdomains. Methods and examples of this article demonstrate how this can be achieved.展开更多
We prove the uniform Hölder bounds of solutions to a singularly perturbed elliptic system arising in competing models in population dynamics. In this system, two species compete to some extent throughout the whol...We prove the uniform Hölder bounds of solutions to a singularly perturbed elliptic system arising in competing models in population dynamics. In this system, two species compete to some extent throughout the whole domain but compete strongly on a subdomain. The proof relies upon the blow up technique and the monotonicity formula by Alt, Caffarelli and Friedman.展开更多
This paper discusses some basic properties of algebroid functions in a subdomain of the complex plane and some similar results (to those in the whole complex plane) and a new situation are showed.
The scaled boundary finite element method(SBFEM) is a semi-analytical numerical method,which models an analysis domain by a small number of large-sized subdomains and discretises subdomain boundaries only.In a subdoma...The scaled boundary finite element method(SBFEM) is a semi-analytical numerical method,which models an analysis domain by a small number of large-sized subdomains and discretises subdomain boundaries only.In a subdomain,all fields of state variables including displacement,stress,velocity and acceleration are semi-analytical,and the kinetic energy,strain energy and energy error are all integrated semi-analytically.These advantages are taken in this study to develop a posteriori h-hierarchical adaptive SBFEM for transient elastodynamic problems using a mesh refinement procedure which subdivides subdomains.Because only a small number of subdomains are subdivided,mesh refinement is very simple and efficient,and mesh mapping to transfer state variables from an old mesh to a new one is also very simple but accurate.Two 2D examples with stress wave propagation were modelled.The results show that the developed method is capable of capturing propagation of steep stress regions and calculating accurate dynamic responses,using only a fraction of degrees of freedom required by adaptive finite element method.展开更多
Background The presence of autoantibodies against multiple epidermal proteins is an important feature in paraneoplastic pemphigus （PNP）. Circulating anti-desmoglein 3 autoantibody, the major pathogenic autoantibody ...Background The presence of autoantibodies against multiple epidermal proteins is an important feature in paraneoplastic pemphigus （PNP）. Circulating anti-desmoglein 3 autoantibody, the major pathogenic autoantibody in pemphigus vulgaris （PV）, has been proved pathogenic in PNP. Because of many clinical differences between PNP and PV, we speculate about the involvement of other autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of PNP. Envoplakin （EPL） and periplakin （PPL） are recognized by most PNP sera. Their linker subdomains are highly homologous and necessary for the association of intermediate filaments. Methods We characterized the autoantibodies against the linker subdomains of EPL and PPL in PNP patients＇ sera and their associated tumors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） and immunofluorence. We also applied the purified autoantibodies against EPL and PPL from PNP sera to cultured human epidermal keratinocytes （HEK）, to evaluate the changes of cell-cell adhesion. Results Autoantibodies against EPL and PPL were detected in most PNP patients by ELISA, and the decrease of these autoantibodies after removal of the tumors was roughly comparable to the improvement of clinical symptoms. Cultured tumor cells from PNP patients secreted these autoantibodies. Specific immunoglobulin receptors for EPL and PPL were found on B lymphocytes in tumors from PNP. Furthermore, purified anti-EPL and anti-PPL autoantibodies from PNP sera were capable of dissociating cultured human epidermal keratinocytes. Conclusion Autoantibodies against EPL and PPL may also be pathogenic in PNP.展开更多
Consider the wave equation with distributed controls supported on a subdomain, calledcontrol subdomain, which is allowed to be variant in time. For any prescribed time duration,the authors work out a scheme for changi...Consider the wave equation with distributed controls supported on a subdomain, calledcontrol subdomain, which is allowed to be variant in time. For any prescribed time duration,the authors work out a scheme for changing the control subdomain such that the wave equationis exactly controllable on this time duration, where the control subdomain at any time is allowedto have arbitrarily small measure and relatively simple shape.展开更多
We will study the convergence property of Schwarz alternating method for concave region where the concave region is decomposed into convex subdomains. Optimality of regular preconditioner deduced from Schwarz alternat...We will study the convergence property of Schwarz alternating method for concave region where the concave region is decomposed into convex subdomains. Optimality of regular preconditioner deduced from Schwarz alternating is also proved.It is shown that the convergent rate and the condition number are independent of the mesh size but dependent on the relative geometric position of subdomains.Special care is devoted to non-uniform meshes, exclusively, local properties like the shape regularity of the finite elements are utilized.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51677169 and Grant 51637009 and by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant 2017QNA4016.
文摘This paper presents an exact analytical subdomain model of dual-stator consequent-pole permanent-magnet(DSCPPM)machines accounting for tooth-tips,which can accurately predict the armature reaction field distribution in DSCPPM machines.In the proposed subdomain model,the field domain is composed of four types of sub-regions,viz.magnets,outer/inner air gaps,slots and slot openings.The analytical expressions of vector potential in each sub-region are determined by boundary and interface conditions.In comparison to the analytically predicted results,the corresponding flux density field distributions computed by finite element(FE)method are analyzed,which confirms the excellent accuracy of the developed subdomain model.
基金supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Project No.51737010in part by State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment(EIPE19109)。
文摘The paper presents an accurate analytical subdomain model for predicting the electromagnetic performance in the symmetrical dual three-phase surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine(PMSM)under open-phase faulty conditions.The model derivations are extended from previous accurate subdomain models accounting for slotting effects.Compared with most conventional subdomain models for traditional three-phase machines with nonoverlapping winding arrangement,the subdomain model proposed in this paper applied for the 24-slot/4-pole dual three-phase machine with symmetrical overlapping winding arrangement.In order to investigate the postfault electromagnetic performance,the reconfigured phase currents and then current density distribution in stator slots under different open-circuit conditions are discussed.According to the developed model and postfault current density distribution,the steady-state electromagnetic performance,such as the electromagnetic torque and unbalanced magnetic force,under open-circuit faulty conditions are obtained.For validation purposes,finite element analysis(FEA)is employed to validate the analytical results.The result indicate that the postfault electromagnet performance can be accurately predicted by the proposed subdomain model,which is in good agreement with FEA results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52175223,and 11802072)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.B210201038).
文摘In this work,we propose incorporating the finite cell method(FCM)into the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)to improve the efficiency and robustness of ANCF elements in simulating structures with complex local features.In addition,an adaptive subdomain integration method based on a triangulation technique is devised to avoid excessive subdivisions,largely reducing the computational cost.Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in large deformation,large rotation and dynamics simulation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11902127)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province of China(20192BAB212010)Education Department of Jiangxi Province of China(GJJ180499).
文摘The material point method(MPM)has been proved to be an effective numerical method for large deformation problems.However,the MPM suffers from the cell crossing error as that the material particles are used to represent the deformed material and to perform the particle quadrature.In this paper,an efficient subdomain quadrature material point method(sqMPM)is proposed to eliminate the cell crossing error efficiently.The particle domain is approximated to be the line segment,rectangle,and cuboid for the one-,two-,and three-dimensional problems,respectively,which are divided into several different subdomains based on the topological relationship between the particle domain and background grid.A single Gauss quadrature point is placed at the center of each subdomain and used for the information mapping.The material quantities of each Gauss quadrature point are determined by the corresponding material particle and the subdomain volume without the cumbersome reconstruction algorithm.Numerical examples for one-,two-,and three-dimensional large deformation problems demonstrate the effectiveness and highly enhanced convergence and efficiency of the proposed sqMPM.
文摘Temporal and spatial subdomain techniques are proposed for a time-spectral method for solution of initial-value problems. The spectral method, called the generalised weighted residual method (GWRM), is a generalisation of weighted residual methods to the time and parameter domains [1]. A semi-analytical Chebyshev polynomial ansatz is employed, and the problem reduces to determine the coefficients of the ansatz from linear or nonlinear algebraic systems of equations. In order to avoid large memory storage and computational cost, it is preferable to subdivide the temporal and spatial domains into subdomains. Methods and examples of this article demonstrate how this can be achieved.
文摘We prove the uniform Hölder bounds of solutions to a singularly perturbed elliptic system arising in competing models in population dynamics. In this system, two species compete to some extent throughout the whole domain but compete strongly on a subdomain. The proof relies upon the blow up technique and the monotonicity formula by Alt, Caffarelli and Friedman.
文摘This paper discusses some basic properties of algebroid functions in a subdomain of the complex plane and some similar results (to those in the whole complex plane) and a new situation are showed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.50579081)EPSRC UK(Grant No.EP/F00656X/1)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,China through an open Research (Grant No.2010A004)Zhang's one-year research visit to the University of Liv-erpool was funded by China Scholarship Council
文摘The scaled boundary finite element method(SBFEM) is a semi-analytical numerical method,which models an analysis domain by a small number of large-sized subdomains and discretises subdomain boundaries only.In a subdomain,all fields of state variables including displacement,stress,velocity and acceleration are semi-analytical,and the kinetic energy,strain energy and energy error are all integrated semi-analytically.These advantages are taken in this study to develop a posteriori h-hierarchical adaptive SBFEM for transient elastodynamic problems using a mesh refinement procedure which subdivides subdomains.Because only a small number of subdomains are subdivided,mesh refinement is very simple and efficient,and mesh mapping to transfer state variables from an old mesh to a new one is also very simple but accurate.Two 2D examples with stress wave propagation were modelled.The results show that the developed method is capable of capturing propagation of steep stress regions and calculating accurate dynamic responses,using only a fraction of degrees of freedom required by adaptive finite element method.
基金This work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30671890）.
文摘Background The presence of autoantibodies against multiple epidermal proteins is an important feature in paraneoplastic pemphigus （PNP）. Circulating anti-desmoglein 3 autoantibody, the major pathogenic autoantibody in pemphigus vulgaris （PV）, has been proved pathogenic in PNP. Because of many clinical differences between PNP and PV, we speculate about the involvement of other autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of PNP. Envoplakin （EPL） and periplakin （PPL） are recognized by most PNP sera. Their linker subdomains are highly homologous and necessary for the association of intermediate filaments. Methods We characterized the autoantibodies against the linker subdomains of EPL and PPL in PNP patients＇ sera and their associated tumors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） and immunofluorence. We also applied the purified autoantibodies against EPL and PPL from PNP sera to cultured human epidermal keratinocytes （HEK）, to evaluate the changes of cell-cell adhesion. Results Autoantibodies against EPL and PPL were detected in most PNP patients by ELISA, and the decrease of these autoantibodies after removal of the tumors was roughly comparable to the improvement of clinical symptoms. Cultured tumor cells from PNP patients secreted these autoantibodies. Specific immunoglobulin receptors for EPL and PPL were found on B lymphocytes in tumors from PNP. Furthermore, purified anti-EPL and anti-PPL autoantibodies from PNP sera were capable of dissociating cultured human epidermal keratinocytes. Conclusion Autoantibodies against EPL and PPL may also be pathogenic in PNP.
文摘Consider the wave equation with distributed controls supported on a subdomain, calledcontrol subdomain, which is allowed to be variant in time. For any prescribed time duration,the authors work out a scheme for changing the control subdomain such that the wave equationis exactly controllable on this time duration, where the control subdomain at any time is allowedto have arbitrarily small measure and relatively simple shape.
文摘We will study the convergence property of Schwarz alternating method for concave region where the concave region is decomposed into convex subdomains. Optimality of regular preconditioner deduced from Schwarz alternating is also proved.It is shown that the convergent rate and the condition number are independent of the mesh size but dependent on the relative geometric position of subdomains.Special care is devoted to non-uniform meshes, exclusively, local properties like the shape regularity of the finite elements are utilized.
