The purpose of this cross-sectional descriptive study was to assess knowledge level regarding signs and symptoms, prevention, treatment of STIs among a sample of residents from Southeastern Texas. One hundred and fift...The purpose of this cross-sectional descriptive study was to assess knowledge level regarding signs and symptoms, prevention, treatment of STIs among a sample of residents from Southeastern Texas. One hundred and fifty-seven participants age 18 and over responded to the 23 questionnaire items. Questionnaires were distributed to mostly public places such as hair salons, fitness centers, health centers, gas stations, apartments, and stores. Results indicated that 50.3% of participants reported syphilis was not curable;while over 61% reported gonorrhea was incurable. Over 64% of respondents reported they did know the symptoms for syphilis and over 70% believed that syphilis was vaccine preventable. The data collected from this study indicated that some residents from Southeast Texas lack basic information concerning Syphilis, Gonorrhea, and Chlamydia with regard to prevention, signs and symptoms, and treatment. The cost and effort to increase educational programs and educational messages appear to be justified. Implications for practice include increasing funding and efforts to provide more educational programs focusing on sexually transmitted disease prevention, health literary education to dispel the myths and stigma related to STIs and community wide collaboration efforts to increase awareness.展开更多
Background: Prospective analysis of 500 cases of vaginal discharge in tertiary health centre of Punjab. Objective: To study the prevalence of Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in 500 outpatient of 15 - 49 years a...Background: Prospective analysis of 500 cases of vaginal discharge in tertiary health centre of Punjab. Objective: To study the prevalence of Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in 500 outpatient of 15 - 49 years age group with vaginal discharge and to evaluate the various factors influencing pattern of STIs. Method: All cases were subjected to cervical cytology, HIV ELISA, rapid plasma reagen (RPR) test for syphilis and Gram’s staining, Giemsa staining and wet mount study of vaginal discharge. Results: Prevalence of STIs was found to be 58% and majority of infection was caused by G. vaginalis, Candida and Trichomonas. Pap smear showed koilocytosis in 5.6%, mild dysplasia in 1.8% and carcinoma cervix in 1.2% cases. Conclusion: Vaginal discharge is a common gynaecological complaint and STIs are significant cause of vaginal discharge.展开更多
Background: The global incidence of STIs is rising. It is estimated that 499 million new cases of curable STIs occur every year. The existence of more than one million reported cases of STIs annually in Iran shows tha...Background: The global incidence of STIs is rising. It is estimated that 499 million new cases of curable STIs occur every year. The existence of more than one million reported cases of STIs annually in Iran shows that addressing this issue must be a priority for Iranian health authorities. While recognition of the importance of gender issues to reproductive health (RH) programs has grown significantly in the past several years, major challenges remain in implementing gender-sensitive programs. Gender mainstreaming in Iranian reproductive health program is a relatively new issue, so this study aims to explore gender sensitive STIs/HIV/AIDS prevention policies. Method: This study employed a qualitative research design. Participants were health managers, health policy makers and reproductive health providers. They were selected purposefully and then continued by snowball sampling method. 43 semi-structured in-depth interviews with 37 key informants were done. All the interviews were recorded and transcribed. The data were analyzed by content analysis method. Trustworthiness of the data was achieved by using credibility, trans-ferability and conformability. Results: Key informants clearly explained the gender sensitive STIs/ HIV/AIDS prevention policies in three main categories: 1) advocacy, 2) collaboration between different sectors and 3) community empowerment to gender sensitive STIs/HIV/AIDS prevention programs. Conclusion: Changing gender neural STIs/HIV/AIDS prevention policy to more complete gender sensitive policy needs advocacy, collaboration of sectors and community empowerment.展开更多
Background: The prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia, BPH is increasing in our environment. Besides androgens and age could there be other risk factors? Aim: To investigate the roles of sexually transmitted infe...Background: The prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia, BPH is increasing in our environment. Besides androgens and age could there be other risk factors? Aim: To investigate the roles of sexually transmitted infections, STI and frequency of ejaculation as risk factors for BPH. Methods: It was a prospective observational study carried out among predominantly Christian communities near Port Harcourt, a major cosmopolitan city in the oil rich Rivers State, in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Adult males above the age of 40 yrs old with no history of prostate cancer were invited to participate. History of marriage, duration of marriage, number of wives/sexual partners, frequency of sex or ejaculation and present or past history of STI were obtained through an interpreter administered questionnaire. Diagnosis of BPH was based on presence of lower urinary tract symptoms, ultrasound determination of increased prostate size and histopathology report to rule out prostate cancer. Linear logistic regression and odds ration were used to establish strength of association between BPH and frequency of ejaculation and history of various causative organisms for STI. Statistical significance was determined at p value of Results: 754 respondents participated. Age ranged from 40 to 81 years. 92.6% were in a single relationship. 58.4% had 1 - 5 ejaculations per week. 8.2% has had syphilis, 32.6% has had gonorrhea and 1.1% has had candida infection. There was an observed positive relationship between history of gonorrhoea and increase in prostate size but the association was not statistically significant;syphilis showed no positive relationship with prostate enlargement;incidence of candidiasis was too low to establish causal relationship. Individuals who had sex once a week or less showed a higher prevalence of moderate/severe enlargement (42.3%) compared to those with more frequent sexual activity (35.7%) a relationship that approached significance (p = 0.071), with an odds ratio of 1.3 and narrow CI (0.9 to 1.7), suggesting a potential association that requires further investigation. Conclusion: There is an observed causal relationship between both previous history of gonorrhea infection and reduced frequency of ejaculation and prostate enlargement but these associations do not attain statistical significance and would need further studies.展开更多
Salinity stress is a major challenge for global agriculture,particularly in arid and semi-arid regions,limiting plant productivity due to water and soil salinity.These conditions particularly affect countries along th...Salinity stress is a major challenge for global agriculture,particularly in arid and semi-arid regions,limiting plant productivity due to water and soil salinity.These conditions particularly affect countries along the southern Mediterranean rim,including Algeria,which primarily focuses on pastoral and forage practices.This study investigates salinity tolerance and ecotypic variability in Vicia narbonensis L.,a fodder legume species recognized for its potential to reclaim marginal soils.Morphological,physiological,and biochemical responses were assessed in three ecotypes(eco2,eco9,and eco10)exposed to different salinity levels(low,moderate,and severe).The study was conducted using a completely randomized block design with three blocks per ecotype per dose.The results from the two-way analysis of variance demonstrate significant effects across nearly all attributes studied,revealing distinct ecotypic responses.These findings underscore variations in growth parameters,osmotic regulation mechanisms,and biochemical adjustments.The substantial diversity observed among these ecotypes in their response to salinity provides valuable insights for breeders addressing both agronomic and ecological challenges.Multivariate analyses,including Principal Component Analysis(PCA),revealed key variables distinguishing between ecotypes under salinity stress.Moreover,Classification based on Salinity Tolerance Indices(STI)further differentiated ecotypic performance with more precision,and this is because of the combination of the different parameters studied.These results open up new prospects for the development of strategies to improve the salinity tolerance of forage legumes.展开更多
文摘The purpose of this cross-sectional descriptive study was to assess knowledge level regarding signs and symptoms, prevention, treatment of STIs among a sample of residents from Southeastern Texas. One hundred and fifty-seven participants age 18 and over responded to the 23 questionnaire items. Questionnaires were distributed to mostly public places such as hair salons, fitness centers, health centers, gas stations, apartments, and stores. Results indicated that 50.3% of participants reported syphilis was not curable;while over 61% reported gonorrhea was incurable. Over 64% of respondents reported they did know the symptoms for syphilis and over 70% believed that syphilis was vaccine preventable. The data collected from this study indicated that some residents from Southeast Texas lack basic information concerning Syphilis, Gonorrhea, and Chlamydia with regard to prevention, signs and symptoms, and treatment. The cost and effort to increase educational programs and educational messages appear to be justified. Implications for practice include increasing funding and efforts to provide more educational programs focusing on sexually transmitted disease prevention, health literary education to dispel the myths and stigma related to STIs and community wide collaboration efforts to increase awareness.
文摘Background: Prospective analysis of 500 cases of vaginal discharge in tertiary health centre of Punjab. Objective: To study the prevalence of Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in 500 outpatient of 15 - 49 years age group with vaginal discharge and to evaluate the various factors influencing pattern of STIs. Method: All cases were subjected to cervical cytology, HIV ELISA, rapid plasma reagen (RPR) test for syphilis and Gram’s staining, Giemsa staining and wet mount study of vaginal discharge. Results: Prevalence of STIs was found to be 58% and majority of infection was caused by G. vaginalis, Candida and Trichomonas. Pap smear showed koilocytosis in 5.6%, mild dysplasia in 1.8% and carcinoma cervix in 1.2% cases. Conclusion: Vaginal discharge is a common gynaecological complaint and STIs are significant cause of vaginal discharge.
文摘Background: The global incidence of STIs is rising. It is estimated that 499 million new cases of curable STIs occur every year. The existence of more than one million reported cases of STIs annually in Iran shows that addressing this issue must be a priority for Iranian health authorities. While recognition of the importance of gender issues to reproductive health (RH) programs has grown significantly in the past several years, major challenges remain in implementing gender-sensitive programs. Gender mainstreaming in Iranian reproductive health program is a relatively new issue, so this study aims to explore gender sensitive STIs/HIV/AIDS prevention policies. Method: This study employed a qualitative research design. Participants were health managers, health policy makers and reproductive health providers. They were selected purposefully and then continued by snowball sampling method. 43 semi-structured in-depth interviews with 37 key informants were done. All the interviews were recorded and transcribed. The data were analyzed by content analysis method. Trustworthiness of the data was achieved by using credibility, trans-ferability and conformability. Results: Key informants clearly explained the gender sensitive STIs/ HIV/AIDS prevention policies in three main categories: 1) advocacy, 2) collaboration between different sectors and 3) community empowerment to gender sensitive STIs/HIV/AIDS prevention programs. Conclusion: Changing gender neural STIs/HIV/AIDS prevention policy to more complete gender sensitive policy needs advocacy, collaboration of sectors and community empowerment.
文摘Background: The prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia, BPH is increasing in our environment. Besides androgens and age could there be other risk factors? Aim: To investigate the roles of sexually transmitted infections, STI and frequency of ejaculation as risk factors for BPH. Methods: It was a prospective observational study carried out among predominantly Christian communities near Port Harcourt, a major cosmopolitan city in the oil rich Rivers State, in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Adult males above the age of 40 yrs old with no history of prostate cancer were invited to participate. History of marriage, duration of marriage, number of wives/sexual partners, frequency of sex or ejaculation and present or past history of STI were obtained through an interpreter administered questionnaire. Diagnosis of BPH was based on presence of lower urinary tract symptoms, ultrasound determination of increased prostate size and histopathology report to rule out prostate cancer. Linear logistic regression and odds ration were used to establish strength of association between BPH and frequency of ejaculation and history of various causative organisms for STI. Statistical significance was determined at p value of Results: 754 respondents participated. Age ranged from 40 to 81 years. 92.6% were in a single relationship. 58.4% had 1 - 5 ejaculations per week. 8.2% has had syphilis, 32.6% has had gonorrhea and 1.1% has had candida infection. There was an observed positive relationship between history of gonorrhoea and increase in prostate size but the association was not statistically significant;syphilis showed no positive relationship with prostate enlargement;incidence of candidiasis was too low to establish causal relationship. Individuals who had sex once a week or less showed a higher prevalence of moderate/severe enlargement (42.3%) compared to those with more frequent sexual activity (35.7%) a relationship that approached significance (p = 0.071), with an odds ratio of 1.3 and narrow CI (0.9 to 1.7), suggesting a potential association that requires further investigation. Conclusion: There is an observed causal relationship between both previous history of gonorrhea infection and reduced frequency of ejaculation and prostate enlargement but these associations do not attain statistical significance and would need further studies.
基金Direction Generale de la Recherche Scientifique et du Developpement Technologique(DGRSDT)Algeria,and the Researchers Supporting Project No.(RSP2025R390),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Salinity stress is a major challenge for global agriculture,particularly in arid and semi-arid regions,limiting plant productivity due to water and soil salinity.These conditions particularly affect countries along the southern Mediterranean rim,including Algeria,which primarily focuses on pastoral and forage practices.This study investigates salinity tolerance and ecotypic variability in Vicia narbonensis L.,a fodder legume species recognized for its potential to reclaim marginal soils.Morphological,physiological,and biochemical responses were assessed in three ecotypes(eco2,eco9,and eco10)exposed to different salinity levels(low,moderate,and severe).The study was conducted using a completely randomized block design with three blocks per ecotype per dose.The results from the two-way analysis of variance demonstrate significant effects across nearly all attributes studied,revealing distinct ecotypic responses.These findings underscore variations in growth parameters,osmotic regulation mechanisms,and biochemical adjustments.The substantial diversity observed among these ecotypes in their response to salinity provides valuable insights for breeders addressing both agronomic and ecological challenges.Multivariate analyses,including Principal Component Analysis(PCA),revealed key variables distinguishing between ecotypes under salinity stress.Moreover,Classification based on Salinity Tolerance Indices(STI)further differentiated ecotypic performance with more precision,and this is because of the combination of the different parameters studied.These results open up new prospects for the development of strategies to improve the salinity tolerance of forage legumes.
