Silica fibers were modified by a specific ratio of SiB6 mixed with silica sol through vacuum impregnation method.The modified fibers were then incorporated into a phenolic resin matrix to prepare fiber-reinforced resi...Silica fibers were modified by a specific ratio of SiB6 mixed with silica sol through vacuum impregnation method.The modified fibers were then incorporated into a phenolic resin matrix to prepare fiber-reinforced resin composites.The influences of the SiB_(6)/SiO_(2)mixed modification on silica fiber properties were analyzed through thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and X-ray diffraction(XRD),respectively.Additionally,the influence of the SiB_(6)/SiO_(2)mixed modification on the mechanical properties of phenolic resin matrix composites was evaluated through mechanical testing.The experimeatal results indicate that the SiB_(6)/SiO_(2)mixed surface modification shows significant improvement in strength at room temperature and high temperatures,and crystallization temperature of silica fiber increases.The SiB_(6)/Silica sol co-modified silica fiber shows potential for future application in thermal protection and other high-temperature conditions.展开更多
According the importance of the stored grains and other products,it is an essential to keep them from khapra beetle,Trogoderma granarium infestation.This study determined the mortality percentage of 5th instar larvae ...According the importance of the stored grains and other products,it is an essential to keep them from khapra beetle,Trogoderma granarium infestation.This study determined the mortality percentage of 5th instar larvae of T.granarium fed on wheat seeds(25 gm)treated with different weights of silica as well as silica nanoparticles(20,40,60 and 80 mg)at different temperature(9℃,25℃,and 35℃).Study showed that using silica nanoparticles in cold temperature(9℃)was the most efficient treatment with the lowest LC_(50)(lethal concentration required to kill 50%of the population)value and caused the highest toxicity index.In contrast,the least efficient treatment(25℃)with the highest LC_(50) value and showed lowest toxicity index was using silica in normal temperature,when using silica nanoparticles,the cold temperature was the best condition followed by hot temperature(35℃)and finally the normal temperature.On the other hand,using silica in hot temperature was most effective followed by silica with cold temperature and finally silica with normal temperature.The biochemical assays revealed that the change in the experimental temperature had a nonsignificant effect on the total protein content of the larvae.The total lipids and total carbohydrates exhibited a significant increase due to hot treating.5th instar larvae of T.granarium treated with LC50 of silica at high temperature led to a nonsignificant(p≤0.05)decrease in Acetylcholinesterase(AchE)activity compared to treatment at normal temperature.In contrast,Glutathione S-transferase(GST)and Peroxidase activities were significantly(p≤0.05)raised due to the treatment conducted at high temperature.Additionally,treating larvae with LC50 of silica nanoparticles at low temperature caused a significant increase in both GST and peroxidase activities,while the increase in AChE was nonsignificantly(p≤0.05)compared to treatment at normal temperature.Using silica at low temperature could be used as an alternative to chemical insecticides to control T.granarium larvae.展开更多
Obesity has become a global threat to health;however,the available drugs for treating obesity are limited.We investigated the anti-obesity effect of hydroxy-α-sanshool(HAS),an amide derived from the fruit of Zanthoxy...Obesity has become a global threat to health;however,the available drugs for treating obesity are limited.We investigated the anti-obesity effect of hydroxy-α-sanshool(HAS),an amide derived from the fruit of Zanthoxylum bungeanum,which promotes the management of obesity by triggering the browning of white adipose tissue(WAT)targeting the membrane receptor of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1).However,HAS easily undergoes configuration transformation and oxidative degradation.The short peptide CKGGRAKDC or adipose-targeting sequence(ATS)binds specifically to prohibitin on the surface of WAT cells and can be used as recognition assembly to enhance adipocyte targetability.Furthermore,mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)are widely used in drug delivery systems because of their large specific surface area and pore volume.Therefore,HAS-loaded adipose-targeted MSNs(MSNs-ATS)were developed to enhance the adipocyte targetability,safety,and efficacy of HAS,and tested on mature 3T3-L1 cells and obese mouse models.MSNs-ATS showed higher specificity for adipocyte targetability without obvious toxicity.HAS-loaded MSNs-ATS showed anti-obesity effects superior to those of HAS alone.In conclusion,we successfully developed adipocyte-targeted,HAS-loaded MSNs with good safety and anti-obesity effects.展开更多
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)plays an irreplaceable role in the development of silicosis.However,molecular mechanisms of EMT induced by silica exposure still remain to be addressed.Herein,metabolic profiles o...Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)plays an irreplaceable role in the development of silicosis.However,molecular mechanisms of EMT induced by silica exposure still remain to be addressed.Herein,metabolic profiles of human alveolar type II epithelial cells(A549 cells)exposed directly to silica were characterized using non-targeted metabolomic approaches.A total of 84 differential metabolites(DMs)were identified in silica-treated A549 cells undergoing EMT,which were mainly enriched in metabolisms of amino acids(e.g.,glutamate,alanine,aspartate),purine metabolism,glycolysis,etc.The number of DMs identified in the A549 cells obviously increased with the elevated exposure concentration of silica.Remarkably,glutamine catabolism was significantly promoted in the silica-treated A549 cells,and the levels of related metabolites(e.g.,succinate)and enzymes(e.g.,α-ketoglutarate(α-KG)dehydrogenase)were substantially up-regulated,with a preference toα-KG pathway.Supplementation of glutamine into the cell culture could substantially enhance the expression levels of both EMT-related markers and Snail(zinc finger transcription factor).Our results suggest that the EMT of human alveolar epithelial cells directly induced by silica can be essential to the development of silicosis.展开更多
The micro-dispersion structure of silica fillers exerts significant infiuences on the performance characteristics of rubber-based products. How to monitor this parameter is an important issue in the rubber industry, b...The micro-dispersion structure of silica fillers exerts significant infiuences on the performance characteristics of rubber-based products. How to monitor this parameter is an important issue in the rubber industry, but there is currently no suitable technical solution for numerical monitoring that can be applied in automatic production line. The labeling of silica in rubber is a challenge that bottlenecks the development of numerical quality monitoring technology. In this work, we employed the organometallic europium to modify silica endowing the fiuorescence properties for characterization. It provides more feasible solutions for visually studying the relationship between the submicroscopic structure and macroscopic properties of inorganic-filled polymers, and is the key foundation for achieving numerical monitoring of rubber filler qualities in industry.展开更多
Ordered porous silica nanospheres with pores vertical to the walls were prepared by using 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzen(TMB)and hexadecitrile trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB)as templates.After removing the templates,porous s...Ordered porous silica nanospheres with pores vertical to the walls were prepared by using 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzen(TMB)and hexadecitrile trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB)as templates.After removing the templates,porous structures were obtained.The porous silica nanosperes were further modified with amino and amino acid functionalization to obtain L-Glutamic acid-functionalized mesoporous silica nanospheres,which were used as chiral selective agents for amino acid enantioseparation such as PheCOOH,PhgCOOH,and TrpCOOH enantiomers.The experimental results show that the functionalized nanospheres have good adsorption selectivity for D-PheCOOH and L-PhgCOOH,especially showing high adsorption selectivity for the L-TrpCOOH enantiomers compared with L-PheCOOH and D-PhgCOOH and D-TrpCOOH enantiomers.展开更多
An ionic liquid assisted hydrogel modified silica was synthesized using a one-pot polymerization and physical coating technique and subsequently applied to mixed-mode liquid chromatography.Analytical techniques,includ...An ionic liquid assisted hydrogel modified silica was synthesized using a one-pot polymerization and physical coating technique and subsequently applied to mixed-mode liquid chromatography.Analytical techniques,including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and elemental analysis,etc.,confirmed the successful prepared of this innovative stationary phase.The unique combination of amide,long alkyl chain,and imidazole ring in the hydrogel coating enables the stationary phase to function effectively in hydrophilic/reversed-phase/ion exchange liquid chromatography.Notably,the stationary phase exhibited superior separation performance owing to the synergistic effect of the ionic liquid and hydrogel.This was particularly evident when analyzing various analytes such as organic acids,nucleosides/bases,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and anions.Furthermore,under our operating conditions,an excellent column efficiency of 53,642.9 plates/m was achieved for theobromine.In summary,we have proposed a straightforward strategy to enhance the separation performance of hydrogel coatings in liquid chromatography,thereby broadening the potential applications of hydrogels in the field of separation.展开更多
Ceramic cores fabricated by stereolithography exhibit great potential in casting turbine blades.Previous research on ceramic core molding was primarily conducted using vertical printing techniques,which not only resul...Ceramic cores fabricated by stereolithography exhibit great potential in casting turbine blades.Previous research on ceramic core molding was primarily conducted using vertical printing techniques,which not only resulted in lengthy molding durations but also compromised the mechanical strength.In this work,silica(SiO--_2)ceramic cores,with fine complex geometric shapes,were fabricated using 65vol.%ceramic slurry by digital light processing(DLP)with different printing angles.Printing angles significantly impact the surface accuracy,shrinkage,printing efficiency of green bodies,as well as the microstructure and mechanical properties of sintered ceramic core samples.As the printing angle in the green body increases,the bonding area decreases,surface roughness on the XY plane worsens,shrinkage in the Z direction becomes more pronounced,and the printing efficiency declines.Similarly,an increase in the printing angle in the sintered body leads to a reduction in bending strength.At a printing angle of 30°,the printing time is reduced to half of that at 90°,which improves the molding efficiency.Meanwhile,the obtained bulk density of 1.71 g·cm~(-3),open porosity of 24%,and fiexural strength of 10.6±1 MPa can meet the requirements of sintered ceramic cores.Therefore,designing and optimizing the printing angles can achieve the balance between shrinkage,printing efficiency,and fiexural strength.展开更多
Laminated elastomeric bearings used in seismic isolation rely on the mechanical properties of their constituent elastomers to ensure effective performance.However,despite their resistance to temperature fluctuations a...Laminated elastomeric bearings used in seismic isolation rely on the mechanical properties of their constituent elastomers to ensure effective performance.However,despite their resistance to temperature fluctuations and environmental aggressors,silicone elastomers exhibit relatively low stiffness,limiting their direct applicability in seismic isolation.This study investigates the effect of fumed silica as a reinforcing filler to enhance the mechanical properties of laminated silicone elastomeric bearings.Elastomeric samples were fabricated with varying fumed silica proportions and subjected to Shore A hardness,uniaxial tensile,and lap shear tests to assess the influence of filler content.Additionally,quasi-static tests were conducted on reduced-scale bearing prototypes under combined vertical compression and cyclic horizontal shear to evaluate their seismic isolation performance.The results demonstrate that fumed silica reinforcement significantly increases stiffness,as evidenced by higher Shore A hardness values.However,a trade-off was observed in tensile properties,with reductions in tensile strength and elongation at break.Despite this,the equivalent elastic modulus did not show substantial variation up to large deformations,indicating that stiffness is preserved under most working conditions.Lap shear tests showed that fumed silica improves shear resistance,while quasi-static tests revealed inelastic behavior with small increases in equivalent shear coefficients but no substantial loss in damping ratios.These findings suggest that fumed silica reinforcement enhances silicone elastomers’stiffness and shear resistance while maintaining moderate damping properties,making it a promising approach for improving the mechanical performance of elastomeric bearings in seismic isolation applications.展开更多
Due to excellent thermal insulation performance at room temperature and ultralow density,silica aero-gels are candidates for thermal insulation.However,at high temperatures,the thermal insulation prop-erty of silica a...Due to excellent thermal insulation performance at room temperature and ultralow density,silica aero-gels are candidates for thermal insulation.However,at high temperatures,the thermal insulation prop-erty of silica aerogels decreased greatly caused by transparency to heat radiation.Opacifiers introduced into silica sol can block heat radiation yet destroy the uniformity of aerogels.Herein,we designed and prepared a silica aerogel composite with oriented and layered silica fibers(SFs),SiC nanowires(SiC_(NWs)),and silica aerogels,which were prepared by papermaking,chemical vapor infiltration(CVI),and sol-gel respectively.Firstly,oriented and layered SFs made still air a wall to block heat transfer by the solid phase.Secondly,SiC_(NWs) were grown in situ on the surface of SFs evenly to weave into the network,and the network reduced the gaseous thermal conductivity by dividing cracks in SFs/SiC_(NWs)/SA.Thirdly,SiC_(NWs) weakened the heat transfer by radiation at high temperatures.Therefore,SFs/SiC_(NWs)/SA presented remarkable thermal insulation(0.017 W(m K)^(-1) at 25℃,0.0287 W(m K)^(-1) at 500℃,and 0.094 W(m K)^(-1) at 1000℃).Besides,SFs/SiC_(NWs)/SA exhibited remarkable thermal stability(no size transform after being heat treated at 1000℃ for 1800 s)and tensile strength(0.75 MPa).These integrated properties made SFs/SiC_(NWs)/SA a promising candidate for highly efficient thermal insulators.展开更多
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MsNs)are thought to be an attractive drug delivery material because of their advantages including high specific surface area,tunable pore size and morphology,easy sur-face modification ...Mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MsNs)are thought to be an attractive drug delivery material because of their advantages including high specific surface area,tunable pore size and morphology,easy sur-face modification and good biocompatibility.However,as a result of the poor biodegradability of MsNs,their biomedical applications are limited.To break the bottleneck of limited biomedical applications of MSNs,more and more researchers tend to design biodegradable MSNs(b-MSNs)nanosystems to obtain biodegradable as well as safe and reliable drug delivery carriers.In this review,we focused on sum-marizing strategies to improve the degradability of MsNs and innovatively proposed a series of advan-tages of b-MsNs,including controlled cargo release behavior,multifunctional frameworks,nano-catalysis,bio-imaging capabilities and enhanced therapeutic effects.Based on these advantages,we have inno-vatively summarized the applications of b-MsNs for enhanced tumor theranostics,including enhanced chemotherapy,delivery of nanosensitizers,gas molecules and biomacromolecules,initiation of immune response,synergistic therapies and image-guided tumor diagnostics.Finally,the challenges and further clinical translation potential of nanosystems based on b-MsNs are fully discussed and prospected.We believe that such b-MsNs delivery carriers will provide a timely reference for further applications in tu-mor theranostics.展开更多
Fused silica(SiO_(2)glass),a key amorphous component of Earth’s silicate minerals,undergoes coordination and phase transformations under high pressure.Although extensive studies have been conducted,discrepancies betw...Fused silica(SiO_(2)glass),a key amorphous component of Earth’s silicate minerals,undergoes coordination and phase transformations under high pressure.Although extensive studies have been conducted,discrepancies between theoretical and experimental studies remain,particularly regarding strain rate effects during compression.Here,we examine strain rate influences on the shock-induced amorphous–amorphous phase transitions in fused silica by measuring its Hugoniot equation of state and longitudinal sound velocity(CL)up to 7 GPa at strain rates of 10^(6)–10^(7)s^(-1)using a one-stage light-gas gun.A discontinuity in the relationship between shock velocity(US)and particle velocity(UP)and a significant softening in C_(L)of fused silica were observed near~5 GPa under shock loading.Our results indicate that high strain rates restrict Si–O–Si rotation in fused silica,modifying their bonds and increasing silicon coordination.The transition pressure by shock compression is significantly higher than that under static high-pressure conditions(2–3 GPa),which agrees with some recent theoretical predictions with high compression rates,reflecting the greater pressure needed to overcome energy barriers with the strain rate increase.These findings offer insights into strain rate-dependent phase transitions in fused silica and other silicate minerals(e.g.,quartz,olivine,and forsterite),bridging gaps between theoretical simulations and experiments.展开更多
Soil cement bentonite(SCB)is a common material for constructing vertical cutoff walls to prevent groundwater migration at contaminated industrial sites.However,site contaminants can degrade the durability of the cutof...Soil cement bentonite(SCB)is a common material for constructing vertical cutoff walls to prevent groundwater migration at contaminated industrial sites.However,site contaminants can degrade the durability of the cutoff wall.To enhance its performance,this study developed a silica fume-SCB(SSCB).The macroscopic and microscopic properties of SSCB were assessed by unconfined compressive strength test,variable head permeability test,X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy.The correlation between its multi-scale properties was analyzed based on pore characteristics.The results indicate that increasing the silica fume substitution ratio improved SSCB strength,especially in the middle and late curing stages.Moreover,increasing the substitution ratio decreased SSCB permeability coefficient,with a more pronounced effect in earlier curing stages.Silica fume addition also refined SSCB pore structure and reduced its porosity.The fractal dimension was used to quantify SSCB pore structure complexity.Increasing silica fume content reduced small pore fractal dimension in SSCB.Concurrently,SSCB strength increased and SSCB permeability coefficient decreased.The findings of this research will demonstrate the great potential of SSCB backfill for practical applications.展开更多
In our previous study,the activity and stability of the Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst were enhanced by mixing physically with NiO in methane dehydroaromatization(MDA)reaction.It has been confirmed that the physically mixed NiO n...In our previous study,the activity and stability of the Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst were enhanced by mixing physically with NiO in methane dehydroaromatization(MDA)reaction.It has been confirmed that the physically mixed NiO not only promoted the dispersion of MoC_(x)active sites but also reduced the coke formation on the MoC_(x)owing to the CNTs growth on Ni.However,the promotional effect of NiO was limited when the particle size was reduced,due to the excessive interaction with MoOx(forming NiMoO_(4))which is detrimental to the MoC_(x)dispersion.In this study,to overcome the limitation,silica shell on NiO particles with various sizes(5,15,110 nm)was introduced.The catalyst with silica shell coated NiO with the size of 15 nm exhibited a significant improvement in both BTX yield and stability,and the catalyst with silica shell coated NiO with the size of 5 nm achieved the highest maximum BTX yield,about 7.2%.This study demonstrates that the catalytic performance improved as the NiO particle size decreased with the introduction of the silica shell.Combined transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,temperature-programmed surface reaction of methane,CO chemisorption,visible Raman,and thermogravimetric analysis allowed us to confirm that a thin silica shell further enhances the MoC_(x)dispersion while preventing the formation of Ni-Mo complexes.However,when the size of NiO decreased to 5 nm,CNT growth on Ni was limited during the reaction,which is crucial for reducing coke formation on Mo active sites,thereby resulting in the decreased catalyst stabilization ability of Ni.Overall,this study indicates that the introduction of a silica shell in a controlled way can significantly enhance the promotional effect of physically mixed NiO on MDA.展开更多
The superconducting high gradient magnetic separation(S-HGMS)technology can be used to effectively extract silica from iron ore tailings(IOTs).However,particle agglomeration in strong magnetic fields poses a challenge...The superconducting high gradient magnetic separation(S-HGMS)technology can be used to effectively extract silica from iron ore tailings(IOTs).However,particle agglomeration in strong magnetic fields poses a challenge in achieving optimal performance.In this study,we investigated the agglomeration of IOT particles and the mechanisms for its inhibition through surface analysis,density functional theory(DFT),and extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek(EDLVO)theory.Hematite was found to exhibit the highest magnetic moment among the minerals present in IOTs,making it particularly prone to magnetic agglomeration.The addition of the dispersant SDSH into the slurry was essential in promoting the dispersion of IOT particles during the S-HGMS process.This dispersant hydrolyzed to form HPO_(4)^(2-)and RSO_(3)^(-)groups in the solution,which then chemically adsorbed onto the metal ions exposed on the surfaces of non-quartz particles,increasing interparticle electrostatic repulsion.Furthermore,the RSO_(3)^(-)groups physically adsorbed onto the surface of quartz particles,resulting in strong steric repulsion and enhancing the hydrophilicity of the particle surfaces,thereby inhibiting magnetic agglomeration between the particles.Under optimal conditions,the SiO_(2)grade of the obtained high-grade silica powder increased from an initial value of 76.32%in IOTs to 97.42%,achieving a SiO_(2)recovery rate of 54.81%,which meets the requirements for quartz sand used in glass preparation.This study provides valuable insights into the magnetic agglomeration of IOT particles and its inhibition while providing a foundation for regulating S-HGMS processes.展开更多
Background:Silica nanoparticles(SiNPs),commonly utilized in industrial and biomedical fields,are known to provoke pulmonary inflammation by elevating cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)levels in human pulmonary alveolar epithelia...Background:Silica nanoparticles(SiNPs),commonly utilized in industrial and biomedical fields,are known to provoke pulmonary inflammation by elevating cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)levels in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells(HPAEpiCs).Salvianolic acid A(SAA),a water-soluble polyphenol extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza(Danshen),possesses well-documented antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.Nevertheless,its potential to counteract SiNP-induced inflammatory responses in the lung has not been thoroughly explored.Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the protective role and mechanistic actions of SAA against SiNP-triggered inflammation in both cellular and animal models.Methods:HPAEpiCs were pre-incubated with SAA prior to SiNP exposure to investigate changes in COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)secretion.A murine model of SiNP-induced lung inflammation was used for in vivo validation.Key inflammatory signaling proteins,including c-Src,PKCα,p42/p44MAPK,and NF-κB p65,were analyzed for phosphorylation status.NF-κB promoter activity was also assessed.Pharmacological inhibitors and siRNA-mediated silencing were employed to verify the signaling cascade responsible for COX-2 regulation.Results:SAA treatment markedly suppressed SiNP-induced upregulation of COX-2 and PGE2 in bothHPAEpiCs andmouse lung tissues.SAA also reduced the activation(phosphorylation)of c-Src,PKCα,p42/p44 MAPK,and NF-κB p65,alongside diminishing NF-κB transcriptional activity.Functional studies using inhibitors and gene silencing further supported the involvement of these pathways inmediating the observed anti-inflammatory effect.Conclusion:By concurrently targeting several upstream pro-inflammatory signaling pathways,SAA demonstrates robust potential in alleviating SiNP-induced lung inflammation.These results highlight SAA as a promising candidate for therapeutic intervention in environmentally triggered respiratory conditions.展开更多
Point source CO_(2) capture(PSCC)is crucial for decarbonizing various industrial sectors,while direct air capture(DAC)holds promise for removing CO_(2) directly from the air.Sorbents play a critical role in both techn...Point source CO_(2) capture(PSCC)is crucial for decarbonizing various industrial sectors,while direct air capture(DAC)holds promise for removing CO_(2) directly from the air.Sorbents play a critical role in both technologies,with their performances,efficiency,cost,etc.,largely depending on which type is used(physical or chemical).Solid amine sorbents(SAS)employed in the chemical adsorption of CO_(2) are suitable for both PSCC and DAC.SAS offer significant advantages over liquid amines such as monoethanolamine(MEA),due to their ability to perform cyclic adsorption–desorption with much lower energy requirement.The environmental concern associated with MEA can be mitigated by SAS.Support materials have a significantly important role in stabilizing amine and enhancing stability and kinetics;varieties of support materials have been screened at a laboratory scale.One promising support material is a silica gel(SG),which is commercially available and attractive for designing cost-effective sorbents for large-scale CO_(2) capture.Various impregnation methods such as physical adsorption and covalent functionalization have been employed to functionalize silica surfaces with amines.This review provided a comprehensive critical analysis of SG-based SAS for CO_(2) capture.We discussed and evaluated them in terms of their adsorption capacity,adsorption,and desorption conditions,and the kinetics involved in these processes.Finally,we proposed a few recommendations for further development of low-cost,lower carbon footprint SAS for large-scale deployment of CO_(2) capture technology.展开更多
A Ti_(3)SiC_(2)-modified high-silica oxygen/phenolic aerogel composite with excellent oxidation resistance and high-temperature performance was prepared.The experimental results show that the obtained composite has si...A Ti_(3)SiC_(2)-modified high-silica oxygen/phenolic aerogel composite with excellent oxidation resistance and high-temperature performance was prepared.The experimental results show that the obtained composite has significantly improved oxidation resistance.When the addition amount of Ti_(3)SiC_(2)is 75%,the carbonization volume shrinkage rate of the composite after aerobic static combustion is only 5.95%.At the same time,the LAR and MAR after 30 seconds of oxyacetylene ablation under a heat flux density of 1.5 MW/m2 are 0.0307 mm/s and 0.0149 g/s,respectively.The compressive strength after aerobic static combustion at 1000℃is up to 20.43%of that before aerobic static combustion,which is 1.99 times that of the unfilled material,significantly improving the high-temperature mechanical properties of the composite.展开更多
We demonstrate a new polarization smoothing(PS)approach utilizing residual stress birefringence in fused silica to create a spatially random polarization control plate(SRPCP),thereby improving target illumination unif...We demonstrate a new polarization smoothing(PS)approach utilizing residual stress birefringence in fused silica to create a spatially random polarization control plate(SRPCP),thereby improving target illumination uniformity in inertial confinement fusion(ICF)laser systems.The fundamental operating mechanism and key fabrication techniques for the SRPCP are systematically developed and experimentally validated.The SRPCP converts a linearly polarized 3ω incident laser beam into an output beam with a spatially randomized polarization distribution.When combined with a continuous phase plate,the SRPCP effectively suppresses high-intensity speckles at all spatial frequencies in the focal spot.The proposed PS technique is specifically designed for high-fluence large-aperture laser systems,enabling novel polarization control regimes in laser-driven ICF.展开更多
To clarify the precipitation of silica hydrate from the real desilication solutions of aluminosilicate solid wastes by adding seeds and improve integrated waste utilization,the seeded precipitation was studied using s...To clarify the precipitation of silica hydrate from the real desilication solutions of aluminosilicate solid wastes by adding seeds and improve integrated waste utilization,the seeded precipitation was studied using synthesized sodium silicate solution containing different inorganic salt impurities.The results show that sodium chloride,sodium sulfate,sodium carbonate,or calcium chloride can change the siloxy group structure.The number of high-polymeric siloxy groups decreases with increasing sodium chloride or sodium sulfate concentration,which is detrimental to seeded precipitation.Calcium chloride favors the polymerization of silicate ions,and even the chain groups precipitate with the precipitation of high-polymeric sheet and cage-like siloxy groups.The introduced sodium cations in sodium carbonate render a more open network structure of high-polymeric siloxy groups,although the carbonate ions favor the polymerization of siloxy groups.No matter how the four impurities affect the siloxy group structure,the precipitates are always amorphous opal-A silica hydrate.展开更多
基金Funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2024AFB833)。
文摘Silica fibers were modified by a specific ratio of SiB6 mixed with silica sol through vacuum impregnation method.The modified fibers were then incorporated into a phenolic resin matrix to prepare fiber-reinforced resin composites.The influences of the SiB_(6)/SiO_(2)mixed modification on silica fiber properties were analyzed through thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and X-ray diffraction(XRD),respectively.Additionally,the influence of the SiB_(6)/SiO_(2)mixed modification on the mechanical properties of phenolic resin matrix composites was evaluated through mechanical testing.The experimeatal results indicate that the SiB_(6)/SiO_(2)mixed surface modification shows significant improvement in strength at room temperature and high temperatures,and crystallization temperature of silica fiber increases.The SiB_(6)/Silica sol co-modified silica fiber shows potential for future application in thermal protection and other high-temperature conditions.
文摘According the importance of the stored grains and other products,it is an essential to keep them from khapra beetle,Trogoderma granarium infestation.This study determined the mortality percentage of 5th instar larvae of T.granarium fed on wheat seeds(25 gm)treated with different weights of silica as well as silica nanoparticles(20,40,60 and 80 mg)at different temperature(9℃,25℃,and 35℃).Study showed that using silica nanoparticles in cold temperature(9℃)was the most efficient treatment with the lowest LC_(50)(lethal concentration required to kill 50%of the population)value and caused the highest toxicity index.In contrast,the least efficient treatment(25℃)with the highest LC_(50) value and showed lowest toxicity index was using silica in normal temperature,when using silica nanoparticles,the cold temperature was the best condition followed by hot temperature(35℃)and finally the normal temperature.On the other hand,using silica in hot temperature was most effective followed by silica with cold temperature and finally silica with normal temperature.The biochemical assays revealed that the change in the experimental temperature had a nonsignificant effect on the total protein content of the larvae.The total lipids and total carbohydrates exhibited a significant increase due to hot treating.5th instar larvae of T.granarium treated with LC50 of silica at high temperature led to a nonsignificant(p≤0.05)decrease in Acetylcholinesterase(AchE)activity compared to treatment at normal temperature.In contrast,Glutathione S-transferase(GST)and Peroxidase activities were significantly(p≤0.05)raised due to the treatment conducted at high temperature.Additionally,treating larvae with LC50 of silica nanoparticles at low temperature caused a significant increase in both GST and peroxidase activities,while the increase in AChE was nonsignificantly(p≤0.05)compared to treatment at normal temperature.Using silica at low temperature could be used as an alternative to chemical insecticides to control T.granarium larvae.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.2022NSFSC0720)Research Center for the Development of the Comprehensive Health Industry and Rural Revitalization of Sichuan TCM(No.DJKYB202306)State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Sichuan Province of China(No.2020HJZX001).
文摘Obesity has become a global threat to health;however,the available drugs for treating obesity are limited.We investigated the anti-obesity effect of hydroxy-α-sanshool(HAS),an amide derived from the fruit of Zanthoxylum bungeanum,which promotes the management of obesity by triggering the browning of white adipose tissue(WAT)targeting the membrane receptor of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1).However,HAS easily undergoes configuration transformation and oxidative degradation.The short peptide CKGGRAKDC or adipose-targeting sequence(ATS)binds specifically to prohibitin on the surface of WAT cells and can be used as recognition assembly to enhance adipocyte targetability.Furthermore,mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)are widely used in drug delivery systems because of their large specific surface area and pore volume.Therefore,HAS-loaded adipose-targeted MSNs(MSNs-ATS)were developed to enhance the adipocyte targetability,safety,and efficacy of HAS,and tested on mature 3T3-L1 cells and obese mouse models.MSNs-ATS showed higher specificity for adipocyte targetability without obvious toxicity.HAS-loaded MSNs-ATS showed anti-obesity effects superior to those of HAS alone.In conclusion,we successfully developed adipocyte-targeted,HAS-loaded MSNs with good safety and anti-obesity effects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22206207,22127810,and 22276224)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2021A1515011546 and 2023A1515010085)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou(No.202102080005)。
文摘Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)plays an irreplaceable role in the development of silicosis.However,molecular mechanisms of EMT induced by silica exposure still remain to be addressed.Herein,metabolic profiles of human alveolar type II epithelial cells(A549 cells)exposed directly to silica were characterized using non-targeted metabolomic approaches.A total of 84 differential metabolites(DMs)were identified in silica-treated A549 cells undergoing EMT,which were mainly enriched in metabolisms of amino acids(e.g.,glutamate,alanine,aspartate),purine metabolism,glycolysis,etc.The number of DMs identified in the A549 cells obviously increased with the elevated exposure concentration of silica.Remarkably,glutamine catabolism was significantly promoted in the silica-treated A549 cells,and the levels of related metabolites(e.g.,succinate)and enzymes(e.g.,α-ketoglutarate(α-KG)dehydrogenase)were substantially up-regulated,with a preference toα-KG pathway.Supplementation of glutamine into the cell culture could substantially enhance the expression levels of both EMT-related markers and Snail(zinc finger transcription factor).Our results suggest that the EMT of human alveolar epithelial cells directly induced by silica can be essential to the development of silicosis.
基金financially supported by the Yangzhou Key Research and Development Program: Industry Foresight and Key Core Technology (No. YZ2023019)Cooperation Project of Yangzhou City with Yangzhou University (No. YZ2023209)+2 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Six Talent Peaks Project (No. XCL-090)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)Yangzhou Bangjie New Materials Co., Ltd. for support。
文摘The micro-dispersion structure of silica fillers exerts significant infiuences on the performance characteristics of rubber-based products. How to monitor this parameter is an important issue in the rubber industry, but there is currently no suitable technical solution for numerical monitoring that can be applied in automatic production line. The labeling of silica in rubber is a challenge that bottlenecks the development of numerical quality monitoring technology. In this work, we employed the organometallic europium to modify silica endowing the fiuorescence properties for characterization. It provides more feasible solutions for visually studying the relationship between the submicroscopic structure and macroscopic properties of inorganic-filled polymers, and is the key foundation for achieving numerical monitoring of rubber filler qualities in industry.
基金Funded by the Opening Funding of the Provincial and Ministerial Joint Construction of the State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology(No.FZ2020003)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Wuhan Textile University(No.233060)。
文摘Ordered porous silica nanospheres with pores vertical to the walls were prepared by using 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzen(TMB)and hexadecitrile trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB)as templates.After removing the templates,porous structures were obtained.The porous silica nanosperes were further modified with amino and amino acid functionalization to obtain L-Glutamic acid-functionalized mesoporous silica nanospheres,which were used as chiral selective agents for amino acid enantioseparation such as PheCOOH,PhgCOOH,and TrpCOOH enantiomers.The experimental results show that the functionalized nanospheres have good adsorption selectivity for D-PheCOOH and L-PhgCOOH,especially showing high adsorption selectivity for the L-TrpCOOH enantiomers compared with L-PheCOOH and D-PhgCOOH and D-TrpCOOH enantiomers.
基金Innovation Groups of Basic Research in Gansu Province(No.23JRRA570)。
文摘An ionic liquid assisted hydrogel modified silica was synthesized using a one-pot polymerization and physical coating technique and subsequently applied to mixed-mode liquid chromatography.Analytical techniques,including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and elemental analysis,etc.,confirmed the successful prepared of this innovative stationary phase.The unique combination of amide,long alkyl chain,and imidazole ring in the hydrogel coating enables the stationary phase to function effectively in hydrophilic/reversed-phase/ion exchange liquid chromatography.Notably,the stationary phase exhibited superior separation performance owing to the synergistic effect of the ionic liquid and hydrogel.This was particularly evident when analyzing various analytes such as organic acids,nucleosides/bases,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and anions.Furthermore,under our operating conditions,an excellent column efficiency of 53,642.9 plates/m was achieved for theobromine.In summary,we have proposed a straightforward strategy to enhance the separation performance of hydrogel coatings in liquid chromatography,thereby broadening the potential applications of hydrogels in the field of separation.
基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Science(No.2021160)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51802319)the Technology and Engineering Center for Space(No.CSU-QZKT-2019-04)。
文摘Ceramic cores fabricated by stereolithography exhibit great potential in casting turbine blades.Previous research on ceramic core molding was primarily conducted using vertical printing techniques,which not only resulted in lengthy molding durations but also compromised the mechanical strength.In this work,silica(SiO--_2)ceramic cores,with fine complex geometric shapes,were fabricated using 65vol.%ceramic slurry by digital light processing(DLP)with different printing angles.Printing angles significantly impact the surface accuracy,shrinkage,printing efficiency of green bodies,as well as the microstructure and mechanical properties of sintered ceramic core samples.As the printing angle in the green body increases,the bonding area decreases,surface roughness on the XY plane worsens,shrinkage in the Z direction becomes more pronounced,and the printing efficiency declines.Similarly,an increase in the printing angle in the sintered body leads to a reduction in bending strength.At a printing angle of 30°,the printing time is reduced to half of that at 90°,which improves the molding efficiency.Meanwhile,the obtained bulk density of 1.71 g·cm~(-3),open porosity of 24%,and fiexural strength of 10.6±1 MPa can meet the requirements of sintered ceramic cores.Therefore,designing and optimizing the printing angles can achieve the balance between shrinkage,printing efficiency,and fiexural strength.
文摘Laminated elastomeric bearings used in seismic isolation rely on the mechanical properties of their constituent elastomers to ensure effective performance.However,despite their resistance to temperature fluctuations and environmental aggressors,silicone elastomers exhibit relatively low stiffness,limiting their direct applicability in seismic isolation.This study investigates the effect of fumed silica as a reinforcing filler to enhance the mechanical properties of laminated silicone elastomeric bearings.Elastomeric samples were fabricated with varying fumed silica proportions and subjected to Shore A hardness,uniaxial tensile,and lap shear tests to assess the influence of filler content.Additionally,quasi-static tests were conducted on reduced-scale bearing prototypes under combined vertical compression and cyclic horizontal shear to evaluate their seismic isolation performance.The results demonstrate that fumed silica reinforcement significantly increases stiffness,as evidenced by higher Shore A hardness values.However,a trade-off was observed in tensile properties,with reductions in tensile strength and elongation at break.Despite this,the equivalent elastic modulus did not show substantial variation up to large deformations,indicating that stiffness is preserved under most working conditions.Lap shear tests showed that fumed silica improves shear resistance,while quasi-static tests revealed inelastic behavior with small increases in equivalent shear coefficients but no substantial loss in damping ratios.These findings suggest that fumed silica reinforcement enhances silicone elastomers’stiffness and shear resistance while maintaining moderate damping properties,making it a promising approach for improving the mechanical performance of elastomeric bearings in seismic isolation applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Grant No.U2167214).
文摘Due to excellent thermal insulation performance at room temperature and ultralow density,silica aero-gels are candidates for thermal insulation.However,at high temperatures,the thermal insulation prop-erty of silica aerogels decreased greatly caused by transparency to heat radiation.Opacifiers introduced into silica sol can block heat radiation yet destroy the uniformity of aerogels.Herein,we designed and prepared a silica aerogel composite with oriented and layered silica fibers(SFs),SiC nanowires(SiC_(NWs)),and silica aerogels,which were prepared by papermaking,chemical vapor infiltration(CVI),and sol-gel respectively.Firstly,oriented and layered SFs made still air a wall to block heat transfer by the solid phase.Secondly,SiC_(NWs) were grown in situ on the surface of SFs evenly to weave into the network,and the network reduced the gaseous thermal conductivity by dividing cracks in SFs/SiC_(NWs)/SA.Thirdly,SiC_(NWs) weakened the heat transfer by radiation at high temperatures.Therefore,SFs/SiC_(NWs)/SA presented remarkable thermal insulation(0.017 W(m K)^(-1) at 25℃,0.0287 W(m K)^(-1) at 500℃,and 0.094 W(m K)^(-1) at 1000℃).Besides,SFs/SiC_(NWs)/SA exhibited remarkable thermal stability(no size transform after being heat treated at 1000℃ for 1800 s)and tensile strength(0.75 MPa).These integrated properties made SFs/SiC_(NWs)/SA a promising candidate for highly efficient thermal insulators.
基金from"XingLiao Talent Program"of Liaoning Province(No.XLYC2203156)Shenyang Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program(No.RC220397)are greatly acknowledged。
文摘Mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MsNs)are thought to be an attractive drug delivery material because of their advantages including high specific surface area,tunable pore size and morphology,easy sur-face modification and good biocompatibility.However,as a result of the poor biodegradability of MsNs,their biomedical applications are limited.To break the bottleneck of limited biomedical applications of MSNs,more and more researchers tend to design biodegradable MSNs(b-MSNs)nanosystems to obtain biodegradable as well as safe and reliable drug delivery carriers.In this review,we focused on sum-marizing strategies to improve the degradability of MsNs and innovatively proposed a series of advan-tages of b-MsNs,including controlled cargo release behavior,multifunctional frameworks,nano-catalysis,bio-imaging capabilities and enhanced therapeutic effects.Based on these advantages,we have inno-vatively summarized the applications of b-MsNs for enhanced tumor theranostics,including enhanced chemotherapy,delivery of nanosensitizers,gas molecules and biomacromolecules,initiation of immune response,synergistic therapies and image-guided tumor diagnostics.Finally,the challenges and further clinical translation potential of nanosystems based on b-MsNs are fully discussed and prospected.We believe that such b-MsNs delivery carriers will provide a timely reference for further applications in tu-mor theranostics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42422201,12175211,and 12350710177)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2023NSFSC1910).
文摘Fused silica(SiO_(2)glass),a key amorphous component of Earth’s silicate minerals,undergoes coordination and phase transformations under high pressure.Although extensive studies have been conducted,discrepancies between theoretical and experimental studies remain,particularly regarding strain rate effects during compression.Here,we examine strain rate influences on the shock-induced amorphous–amorphous phase transitions in fused silica by measuring its Hugoniot equation of state and longitudinal sound velocity(CL)up to 7 GPa at strain rates of 10^(6)–10^(7)s^(-1)using a one-stage light-gas gun.A discontinuity in the relationship between shock velocity(US)and particle velocity(UP)and a significant softening in C_(L)of fused silica were observed near~5 GPa under shock loading.Our results indicate that high strain rates restrict Si–O–Si rotation in fused silica,modifying their bonds and increasing silicon coordination.The transition pressure by shock compression is significantly higher than that under static high-pressure conditions(2–3 GPa),which agrees with some recent theoretical predictions with high compression rates,reflecting the greater pressure needed to overcome energy barriers with the strain rate increase.These findings offer insights into strain rate-dependent phase transitions in fused silica and other silicate minerals(e.g.,quartz,olivine,and forsterite),bridging gaps between theoretical simulations and experiments.
基金Project(2019YFC1803601)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(52274182)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+1 种基金Project(2021zzts0274)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,ChinaProject(CX20210295)supported by the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province,China。
文摘Soil cement bentonite(SCB)is a common material for constructing vertical cutoff walls to prevent groundwater migration at contaminated industrial sites.However,site contaminants can degrade the durability of the cutoff wall.To enhance its performance,this study developed a silica fume-SCB(SSCB).The macroscopic and microscopic properties of SSCB were assessed by unconfined compressive strength test,variable head permeability test,X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy.The correlation between its multi-scale properties was analyzed based on pore characteristics.The results indicate that increasing the silica fume substitution ratio improved SSCB strength,especially in the middle and late curing stages.Moreover,increasing the substitution ratio decreased SSCB permeability coefficient,with a more pronounced effect in earlier curing stages.Silica fume addition also refined SSCB pore structure and reduced its porosity.The fractal dimension was used to quantify SSCB pore structure complexity.Increasing silica fume content reduced small pore fractal dimension in SSCB.Concurrently,SSCB strength increased and SSCB permeability coefficient decreased.The findings of this research will demonstrate the great potential of SSCB backfill for practical applications.
文摘In our previous study,the activity and stability of the Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst were enhanced by mixing physically with NiO in methane dehydroaromatization(MDA)reaction.It has been confirmed that the physically mixed NiO not only promoted the dispersion of MoC_(x)active sites but also reduced the coke formation on the MoC_(x)owing to the CNTs growth on Ni.However,the promotional effect of NiO was limited when the particle size was reduced,due to the excessive interaction with MoOx(forming NiMoO_(4))which is detrimental to the MoC_(x)dispersion.In this study,to overcome the limitation,silica shell on NiO particles with various sizes(5,15,110 nm)was introduced.The catalyst with silica shell coated NiO with the size of 15 nm exhibited a significant improvement in both BTX yield and stability,and the catalyst with silica shell coated NiO with the size of 5 nm achieved the highest maximum BTX yield,about 7.2%.This study demonstrates that the catalytic performance improved as the NiO particle size decreased with the introduction of the silica shell.Combined transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,temperature-programmed surface reaction of methane,CO chemisorption,visible Raman,and thermogravimetric analysis allowed us to confirm that a thin silica shell further enhances the MoC_(x)dispersion while preventing the formation of Ni-Mo complexes.However,when the size of NiO decreased to 5 nm,CNT growth on Ni was limited during the reaction,which is crucial for reducing coke formation on Mo active sites,thereby resulting in the decreased catalyst stabilization ability of Ni.Overall,this study indicates that the introduction of a silica shell in a controlled way can significantly enhance the promotional effect of physically mixed NiO on MDA.
基金supported by USTB Institute for International People-to-People Exchange in Mining,Metallurgy and Metals Industries(No.FRF-IPPE-2404)Scientific Research Platform Construction Fund for the Introduction of High-Level Talents at Kunming University of Science and Technology(No.CA25073M246A).
文摘The superconducting high gradient magnetic separation(S-HGMS)technology can be used to effectively extract silica from iron ore tailings(IOTs).However,particle agglomeration in strong magnetic fields poses a challenge in achieving optimal performance.In this study,we investigated the agglomeration of IOT particles and the mechanisms for its inhibition through surface analysis,density functional theory(DFT),and extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek(EDLVO)theory.Hematite was found to exhibit the highest magnetic moment among the minerals present in IOTs,making it particularly prone to magnetic agglomeration.The addition of the dispersant SDSH into the slurry was essential in promoting the dispersion of IOT particles during the S-HGMS process.This dispersant hydrolyzed to form HPO_(4)^(2-)and RSO_(3)^(-)groups in the solution,which then chemically adsorbed onto the metal ions exposed on the surfaces of non-quartz particles,increasing interparticle electrostatic repulsion.Furthermore,the RSO_(3)^(-)groups physically adsorbed onto the surface of quartz particles,resulting in strong steric repulsion and enhancing the hydrophilicity of the particle surfaces,thereby inhibiting magnetic agglomeration between the particles.Under optimal conditions,the SiO_(2)grade of the obtained high-grade silica powder increased from an initial value of 76.32%in IOTs to 97.42%,achieving a SiO_(2)recovery rate of 54.81%,which meets the requirements for quartz sand used in glass preparation.This study provides valuable insights into the magnetic agglomeration of IOT particles and its inhibition while providing a foundation for regulating S-HGMS processes.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Council,Taiwan[Grant number:NSTC111-2320-B-030-013]as well as the Chang Gung University of Science Foundation,Taiwan[Grant number:ZRRPF6N0011].
文摘Background:Silica nanoparticles(SiNPs),commonly utilized in industrial and biomedical fields,are known to provoke pulmonary inflammation by elevating cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)levels in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells(HPAEpiCs).Salvianolic acid A(SAA),a water-soluble polyphenol extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza(Danshen),possesses well-documented antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.Nevertheless,its potential to counteract SiNP-induced inflammatory responses in the lung has not been thoroughly explored.Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the protective role and mechanistic actions of SAA against SiNP-triggered inflammation in both cellular and animal models.Methods:HPAEpiCs were pre-incubated with SAA prior to SiNP exposure to investigate changes in COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)secretion.A murine model of SiNP-induced lung inflammation was used for in vivo validation.Key inflammatory signaling proteins,including c-Src,PKCα,p42/p44MAPK,and NF-κB p65,were analyzed for phosphorylation status.NF-κB promoter activity was also assessed.Pharmacological inhibitors and siRNA-mediated silencing were employed to verify the signaling cascade responsible for COX-2 regulation.Results:SAA treatment markedly suppressed SiNP-induced upregulation of COX-2 and PGE2 in bothHPAEpiCs andmouse lung tissues.SAA also reduced the activation(phosphorylation)of c-Src,PKCα,p42/p44 MAPK,and NF-κB p65,alongside diminishing NF-κB transcriptional activity.Functional studies using inhibitors and gene silencing further supported the involvement of these pathways inmediating the observed anti-inflammatory effect.Conclusion:By concurrently targeting several upstream pro-inflammatory signaling pathways,SAA demonstrates robust potential in alleviating SiNP-induced lung inflammation.These results highlight SAA as a promising candidate for therapeutic intervention in environmentally triggered respiratory conditions.
基金financial support from Business Finland 8205/31/2022the Magnus Ehrnrooth Foundation for financial support.
文摘Point source CO_(2) capture(PSCC)is crucial for decarbonizing various industrial sectors,while direct air capture(DAC)holds promise for removing CO_(2) directly from the air.Sorbents play a critical role in both technologies,with their performances,efficiency,cost,etc.,largely depending on which type is used(physical or chemical).Solid amine sorbents(SAS)employed in the chemical adsorption of CO_(2) are suitable for both PSCC and DAC.SAS offer significant advantages over liquid amines such as monoethanolamine(MEA),due to their ability to perform cyclic adsorption–desorption with much lower energy requirement.The environmental concern associated with MEA can be mitigated by SAS.Support materials have a significantly important role in stabilizing amine and enhancing stability and kinetics;varieties of support materials have been screened at a laboratory scale.One promising support material is a silica gel(SG),which is commercially available and attractive for designing cost-effective sorbents for large-scale CO_(2) capture.Various impregnation methods such as physical adsorption and covalent functionalization have been employed to functionalize silica surfaces with amines.This review provided a comprehensive critical analysis of SG-based SAS for CO_(2) capture.We discussed and evaluated them in terms of their adsorption capacity,adsorption,and desorption conditions,and the kinetics involved in these processes.Finally,we proposed a few recommendations for further development of low-cost,lower carbon footprint SAS for large-scale deployment of CO_(2) capture technology.
基金Funded by by the Wuhan Science and Technology Project(No.2024010702030141)。
文摘A Ti_(3)SiC_(2)-modified high-silica oxygen/phenolic aerogel composite with excellent oxidation resistance and high-temperature performance was prepared.The experimental results show that the obtained composite has significantly improved oxidation resistance.When the addition amount of Ti_(3)SiC_(2)is 75%,the carbonization volume shrinkage rate of the composite after aerobic static combustion is only 5.95%.At the same time,the LAR and MAR after 30 seconds of oxyacetylene ablation under a heat flux density of 1.5 MW/m2 are 0.0307 mm/s and 0.0149 g/s,respectively.The compressive strength after aerobic static combustion at 1000℃is up to 20.43%of that before aerobic static combustion,which is 1.99 times that of the unfilled material,significantly improving the high-temperature mechanical properties of the composite.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62275235).
文摘We demonstrate a new polarization smoothing(PS)approach utilizing residual stress birefringence in fused silica to create a spatially random polarization control plate(SRPCP),thereby improving target illumination uniformity in inertial confinement fusion(ICF)laser systems.The fundamental operating mechanism and key fabrication techniques for the SRPCP are systematically developed and experimentally validated.The SRPCP converts a linearly polarized 3ω incident laser beam into an output beam with a spatially randomized polarization distribution.When combined with a continuous phase plate,the SRPCP effectively suppresses high-intensity speckles at all spatial frequencies in the focal spot.The proposed PS technique is specifically designed for high-fluence large-aperture laser systems,enabling novel polarization control regimes in laser-driven ICF.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074364)。
文摘To clarify the precipitation of silica hydrate from the real desilication solutions of aluminosilicate solid wastes by adding seeds and improve integrated waste utilization,the seeded precipitation was studied using synthesized sodium silicate solution containing different inorganic salt impurities.The results show that sodium chloride,sodium sulfate,sodium carbonate,or calcium chloride can change the siloxy group structure.The number of high-polymeric siloxy groups decreases with increasing sodium chloride or sodium sulfate concentration,which is detrimental to seeded precipitation.Calcium chloride favors the polymerization of silicate ions,and even the chain groups precipitate with the precipitation of high-polymeric sheet and cage-like siloxy groups.The introduced sodium cations in sodium carbonate render a more open network structure of high-polymeric siloxy groups,although the carbonate ions favor the polymerization of siloxy groups.No matter how the four impurities affect the siloxy group structure,the precipitates are always amorphous opal-A silica hydrate.
