Evolution of the Arctic sea ice and its snow cover during the SHEBA year were simulated by applying a high-resolution thermodynamic snow/ice model （HIGHTSI）. Attention was paid to the impact of albedo on snow and se...Evolution of the Arctic sea ice and its snow cover during the SHEBA year were simulated by applying a high-resolution thermodynamic snow/ice model （HIGHTSI）. Attention was paid to the impact of albedo on snow and sea ice mass balance, effect of snow on total ice mass balance, and the model vertical resolution. The SHEBA annual simulation was made applying the best possible external forcing data set created by the Sea Ice Model Intercomparison Project. The HIGHTSI control run reasonably reproduced the observed snow and ice thickness. A number of albedo schemes were incorporated into HIGHTSI to study the feedback processes between the albedo and snow and ice thickness. The snow thickness turned out to be an essential variable in the albedo parameterization. Albedo schemes dependent on the surface temperature were liable to excessive positive feedback effects generated by errors in the modelled surface temperature. The superimposed ice formation should be taken into account for the annual Arctic sea ice mass balance.展开更多
Previous research on the Tujia epic Sheba Songs has primarily relied on qualitative methods,which are less conducive to objectively examining the text’s features.This paper introduces quantitative research methods to...Previous research on the Tujia epic Sheba Songs has primarily relied on qualitative methods,which are less conducive to objectively examining the text’s features.This paper introduces quantitative research methods to explore the textual characteristics of Sheba Songs and compares its features with those of regulated verse,modern Chinese poetry,and Chinese folk songs.The structure of the study is as follows:(1)From the perspective of word frequency distribution,Zipf’s law is employed to verify the“naturalness”of the Sheba Songs text.(2)From the perspective of part-of-speech probability distribution,clustering indices reveal that,compared to regulated verse,the stylistic features of Sheba Songs are closer to those of modern Chinese poetry.(3)Clustering experiments using relevant clustering indices confirm the inclination of Sheba Songs toward the characteristics of“folk balladization.”展开更多
基金supported by the EC-funded project DAMOCLES (grant 18509)which is part of the Sixth Framework Program of DFG(grant LU 818/1-1)Natural Science Foundation of China(grants No.40233032,40376006).
文摘Evolution of the Arctic sea ice and its snow cover during the SHEBA year were simulated by applying a high-resolution thermodynamic snow/ice model （HIGHTSI）. Attention was paid to the impact of albedo on snow and sea ice mass balance, effect of snow on total ice mass balance, and the model vertical resolution. The SHEBA annual simulation was made applying the best possible external forcing data set created by the Sea Ice Model Intercomparison Project. The HIGHTSI control run reasonably reproduced the observed snow and ice thickness. A number of albedo schemes were incorporated into HIGHTSI to study the feedback processes between the albedo and snow and ice thickness. The snow thickness turned out to be an essential variable in the albedo parameterization. Albedo schemes dependent on the surface temperature were liable to excessive positive feedback effects generated by errors in the modelled surface temperature. The superimposed ice formation should be taken into account for the annual Arctic sea ice mass balance.
文摘Previous research on the Tujia epic Sheba Songs has primarily relied on qualitative methods,which are less conducive to objectively examining the text’s features.This paper introduces quantitative research methods to explore the textual characteristics of Sheba Songs and compares its features with those of regulated verse,modern Chinese poetry,and Chinese folk songs.The structure of the study is as follows:(1)From the perspective of word frequency distribution,Zipf’s law is employed to verify the“naturalness”of the Sheba Songs text.(2)From the perspective of part-of-speech probability distribution,clustering indices reveal that,compared to regulated verse,the stylistic features of Sheba Songs are closer to those of modern Chinese poetry.(3)Clustering experiments using relevant clustering indices confirm the inclination of Sheba Songs toward the characteristics of“folk balladization.”
