Five minerals or dements, crude protein, lysine, methionine＋cystine, calcium and phosphorus, were selected for evaluation of the food value of seabuckthoru （Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis） using the method of ...Five minerals or dements, crude protein, lysine, methionine＋cystine, calcium and phosphorus, were selected for evaluation of the food value of seabuckthoru （Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis） using the method of ＂food analysis＂. The decision values （δi） of seabuckthoru seeds, leaves and fruit residues rank in the fifth, sixth and ninth position among the 16 types of fodder. Seeds, leaves and fruit residues of seabuckthoru are suitable for livestock and poultry fodder. The weights of livestock and poultry are considerably increased after feeding with seabuckthoru. The development of seabuckthoru should have great potentials as food, pre-food and food additives for livestock and poultry in north China, Processing facilities should pay more attention to seabuckthoru food development methods and strategies and the seabuckthorn fodder industry should be promoted.展开更多
Seabuckthorn seed meal(SSM) is a waste of oil extraction industry that rich in protein. In order to seek suitable protein extraction method, three different deep eutectic solvents(DESs)(including choline chlorideglyce...Seabuckthorn seed meal(SSM) is a waste of oil extraction industry that rich in protein. In order to seek suitable protein extraction method, three different deep eutectic solvents(DESs)(including choline chlorideglycerol, choline chloride-oxalic acid and choline chloride-urea) were developed for extracting protein from SSM and compared with alkaline. Result indicated that alkaline could effectively extract 56.9% protein from SSM and its protein content was 73.1%, higher than DES at 31.0%-41.4% and 64.3%-67.5%, respectively. However, compared to alkali, DES led to a product with less β-sheet, more β-turn, more essential amino acids, higher total amino acid content, especially choline chloride-urea which extracted protein showing an integrated and similar protein weight distribution compared to SSM. Also, this protein extracted chloride-urea showed a highest digestibility in vitro(by pepsin)(54.2%). These results indicated that choline chloride-urea extraction is better than alkaline extraction for SSM.展开更多
Tropomyosin(TM)in shrimp is one of the predominant causes of food allergy around the world.In the present study,the effect of seabuckthorn juice against TM-induced shrimp allergy was investigated in BALB/c mice.Allerg...Tropomyosin(TM)in shrimp is one of the predominant causes of food allergy around the world.In the present study,the effect of seabuckthorn juice against TM-induced shrimp allergy was investigated in BALB/c mice.Allergic symptoms,spleen index,intestinal section and diarrhea were measured in shrimp allergy mice.As the results,seabuckthorn juice suppressed the lesions in jejunum tissue,diarrhea and allergic symptoms in shrimp allergy mice.Seabuckthorn juice also reduced serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-α)as well as immunoglobulin E(IgE)and stimulated the secretion of interleukin-10(IL-10)in mice with shrimp allergy.Taken together,our findings suggest that increased IL-10 by seabuckthorn juice inhibits Th2 cytokine production to suppress shrimp allergic symptoms.Furthermore,seabuckthorn juice also regulates shrimp allergy by reducing jejunum lesions,inhibiting levels of TNF-αand IgE.展开更多
Chinese seabuckthorn berry contains functional components. The berry was extracted by ethanol-water solution. MTT assay and growth rate method were applied to determine antibacterial ability in vitro of the extract so...Chinese seabuckthorn berry contains functional components. The berry was extracted by ethanol-water solution. MTT assay and growth rate method were applied to determine antibacterial ability in vitro of the extract solution. The antibacterial and antifungal assay indicated that the extract exhibited different degree of inhibitory activity. The result showed that the extract at a concentration of 1 250 mg/L had the maximum inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Inhibitory effect against B. subtilis was much larger than that against the other two bacterial species. MIC values(minimum inhibitory concentration) of the extract on three bacterial species were 5 000, 1 250, and 1 000 mg/L respectively. IC_(50)(50% inhibiting concentration) evaluation of Trichoderma viride, Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium expansum, and Vintage Red indicated that the berry had the strongest inhibitory effect against P. expansum(5 520 mg/L), while it had the weakest inhibitory effect against R. stolonifer(18 870 mg/L). The results proved that seabuckthorn berry had highly effective and comprehensive antimicrobial function.展开更多
Seabuckthorn （Hippophae rhamnoides） planting areas in the three northern areas （north, northeast and northwest） of China are divided into five planting zones： the semi-humid forest prairie climate zone for ecolog...Seabuckthorn （Hippophae rhamnoides） planting areas in the three northern areas （north, northeast and northwest） of China are divided into five planting zones： the semi-humid forest prairie climate zone for ecological and economic types of seabuckthorn plantations in the southern part of the Loess Plateau; the semi-arid steppe climate zone for similar types of plantations in the central part of the Loess Plateau; the arid desert steppe climate zone for ecological type of seabuckthorn plantations in the northern part of the Loess Plateau; the semi-arid and semi-humid steppe climate zone again for ecological and economic types of plantations in northern Hebei and western Liaoning and the cold humid steppe climate zone for economic types of plantations in the northern part of northeast China. The aim of this demarcation is to avoid a random introduction of seabuckthorn. In each of the five zones, objectives should be set and suitable seabuckthorn species, subspecies and varieties should be planted according to site conditions, seed sources and methods of tree breeding. The cultivation centers, bases, stations, or units should be established and successful models of seedling and planting methods should be encouraged. The principle of matching trees with suitable site conditions and adjusting measures to local conditions should be practiced. From a strategic viewpoint of solving ecological and economic problems of seabuckthorn development in the three northern areas, every seabuckthorn center must have its own germplasm nursery, standard plantation for popularizing, excellent seed and seedling nurseries and sufficient afforestation areas for demonstration and propaganda purposes. These measures would improve the ecological environment and promote economic and social development in the three northern areas of China.展开更多
As a pioneer plant in the gully slopes in the Soft Sandstone Area (SSA) for eco-economical consideration, ten years (1999-2008) planting of seabuckthorn has made 1642.83 km2, or 9.84%, of the total area of SSA change ...As a pioneer plant in the gully slopes in the Soft Sandstone Area (SSA) for eco-economical consideration, ten years (1999-2008) planting of seabuckthorn has made 1642.83 km2, or 9.84%, of the total area of SSA change into seabuckthorn coverage. In SSA the landscape has been divided into 9 types, such as seabuckthorn, sand, water, settlement, bush, open vegetation, forest, grassland and unused land. Seabuckthorn type is separated from the bush type for estimating the role of seabuckthron planting. By means of the Markov model, the developing trends of every landscape types can be determined to support the seabuckthorn project which influences the landscape pattern deeply in SSA. The prediction shows that the optimism ratio of seabuckthorn in the future should be 10.21%, the open vegetation 32.25%, and the forest percentage under 10%, which is a very wise tactics to avoid the serious death of various vegetations in SSA to match the local arid eco-environment.展开更多
China Seabuckthorn Ecological Project has been implemented for a decade (from 1999 to 2008) with an increasing seabuckthorn area of 1642.83 km2 in?the Sandstone Areas of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia—the most se...China Seabuckthorn Ecological Project has been implemented for a decade (from 1999 to 2008) with an increasing seabuckthorn area of 1642.83 km2 in?the Sandstone Areas of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia—the most serious soil erosion area in China. The vast artificial seabuckthorn forest’s value in environmental resource is assessed via 7 indicators on first-level, 15 indicators on secondary level and 35 indicators on third level in this research. As of 2008, the seabuckthorn environmental resource value is 10.017 billion RMB Yuan, which equals to 37.1 times of the project’s total investment of 0.27 billion RMB Yuan. It is proposed in this research that the external economical values such as soil and water conservation, windbreak and sand-fixation can be realized through relative national policies and taxes. Carbon-fixation and oxygen-producing value can be achieved through the international carbon trade.展开更多
Objective: To develop a qNMR method for quantitative analysis of triacylglycerols in fruit oil of Hippophae rhamnoides(seabuckthorn, SBT) and analyze commercial samples of SBT oils using GC–MS and FTIR.Methods: SBT f...Objective: To develop a qNMR method for quantitative analysis of triacylglycerols in fruit oil of Hippophae rhamnoides(seabuckthorn, SBT) and analyze commercial samples of SBT oils using GC–MS and FTIR.Methods: SBT fruit oil(IPHRFH) was extracted with hexane and the triglyceride(TAG) was isolated by vacuum liquid chromatography. Six different branded SBT oils purchased from e-commerce suppliers(Amazon) and in-house prepared SBT oil was analyzed by qNMR and fatty acyl composition of TAGs determined by using NMR. In-house oil was also analysed by GC–MS and FTIR spectroscopy.Results: The qNMR results showed that the oil contained 80.3% of triacylglycerol(TAG). The SBT oil TAGs comprised of linolenate 6.6%, palmitoleate/oleate 65.4%, and total saturated fatty acyl chain including palmitate 28% as determined by qNMR. GC–MS analysis revealed that the major acyl functionalities present in the TAG were palmitoleic acid 36.5%, oleic acid 12.9%, palmitic acid 21.2%, and linoleic acid 18%. Of the six commercial samples analyzed, samples from only one supplier(SW) were fruit oil;All others were the seed oils or mix of fruit oil and seed oil. The labels for samples except for the SW did not indicate whether it was fruit oil or seed oil.Conclusion: The results suggest that SBT oil should be analyzed by combination of GC–MS, FTIR and qNMR for factual content of free fatty acid or TAGs, which are chemically different in nature and affect the quality of oil. GC–MS showed the content of omega free fatty acids after hydrolysis, while qNMR and FTIR showed the content of TAGs. The major acyl functionalities found in SBT fruit oil TAGs are palmitoleate/palmitate/oleate, while linoleate and linonelate make up a minor fraction. Furthermore,analysis of commercial samples showed discrepancies between label claims and actual content.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of seabuckthorn berries extract(SBE)on pulmonary vascular hyperpermeability in the mice model of acute lung injury(ALI)induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods:Sixty Kunming mice ...Objective:To investigate the effect of seabuckthorn berries extract(SBE)on pulmonary vascular hyperpermeability in the mice model of acute lung injury(ALI)induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods:Sixty Kunming mice were allocated into 6 groups by a random number table,including control,LPS,dexamethasone(Dex,1 mg/kg),and 120,240 and 480 mg/kg SBE groups,10 mice in each group.Except the control group,mice were pre-treated with Dex and SBE,respectively,for 7 days before LPS was intraperitoneally injected to induce ALl.Pulmonary vascular hyperpermeabilitywas evaluated by histopathologic observation and transvascular leakagedetermination.Tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)levels in serum were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The expression of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-k B)p65 in lung cells was determined by immunofluorescence analysis.The contents of cytoplasmic inhibitorof nuclear factor-kBkinase(IKK)and nuclearp65,as wellasdownstreamproteins of E-selectin(CD62E)and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),were determined using Western blot analysis.Results:Histopathological observation confirmed SBEtreatment alleviatedmorphological lesion induced by LPS.Compared with the LPS group,480 mg/kg SBE significantly decreased the water content of lung,Evans blue accumulation in lung tissue,and protein concentration and neutrophils count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(P<o.01);moreover,480 mg/kg SBE significantly suppressed release of TNF-αand IL-6,and down-regulated expressions of IKK,nuclear p65,ICAM-1 and CD62E(P<0.01).Conclusion:SBE maintained alveolar-capillary barrier integrity under endotoxin challenge in mice by suppressing the key factors in the pathogenesis of ALl.展开更多
文摘Five minerals or dements, crude protein, lysine, methionine＋cystine, calcium and phosphorus, were selected for evaluation of the food value of seabuckthoru （Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis） using the method of ＂food analysis＂. The decision values （δi） of seabuckthoru seeds, leaves and fruit residues rank in the fifth, sixth and ninth position among the 16 types of fodder. Seeds, leaves and fruit residues of seabuckthoru are suitable for livestock and poultry fodder. The weights of livestock and poultry are considerably increased after feeding with seabuckthoru. The development of seabuckthoru should have great potentials as food, pre-food and food additives for livestock and poultry in north China, Processing facilities should pay more attention to seabuckthoru food development methods and strategies and the seabuckthorn fodder industry should be promoted.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31201416)Science and Technology Research Program of Guangdong Province (No. 2017A01010502)。
文摘Seabuckthorn seed meal(SSM) is a waste of oil extraction industry that rich in protein. In order to seek suitable protein extraction method, three different deep eutectic solvents(DESs)(including choline chlorideglycerol, choline chloride-oxalic acid and choline chloride-urea) were developed for extracting protein from SSM and compared with alkaline. Result indicated that alkaline could effectively extract 56.9% protein from SSM and its protein content was 73.1%, higher than DES at 31.0%-41.4% and 64.3%-67.5%, respectively. However, compared to alkali, DES led to a product with less β-sheet, more β-turn, more essential amino acids, higher total amino acid content, especially choline chloride-urea which extracted protein showing an integrated and similar protein weight distribution compared to SSM. Also, this protein extracted chloride-urea showed a highest digestibility in vitro(by pepsin)(54.2%). These results indicated that choline chloride-urea extraction is better than alkaline extraction for SSM.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Fund(31601395)the Open Research Fund Program of Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development,Beijing Technology and Business University(PRRD-2021-YB8)+1 种基金the Key Program for Shaanxi Science and Technology(2020NY-146)Lueyang Black-Bone Chicken Industry Development Research Institute(WJYJY-2021-9)。
文摘Tropomyosin(TM)in shrimp is one of the predominant causes of food allergy around the world.In the present study,the effect of seabuckthorn juice against TM-induced shrimp allergy was investigated in BALB/c mice.Allergic symptoms,spleen index,intestinal section and diarrhea were measured in shrimp allergy mice.As the results,seabuckthorn juice suppressed the lesions in jejunum tissue,diarrhea and allergic symptoms in shrimp allergy mice.Seabuckthorn juice also reduced serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-α)as well as immunoglobulin E(IgE)and stimulated the secretion of interleukin-10(IL-10)in mice with shrimp allergy.Taken together,our findings suggest that increased IL-10 by seabuckthorn juice inhibits Th2 cytokine production to suppress shrimp allergic symptoms.Furthermore,seabuckthorn juice also regulates shrimp allergy by reducing jejunum lesions,inhibiting levels of TNF-αand IgE.
基金Supported by Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges of Ministry of Science and Technology in China(2014DFR31230)
文摘Chinese seabuckthorn berry contains functional components. The berry was extracted by ethanol-water solution. MTT assay and growth rate method were applied to determine antibacterial ability in vitro of the extract solution. The antibacterial and antifungal assay indicated that the extract exhibited different degree of inhibitory activity. The result showed that the extract at a concentration of 1 250 mg/L had the maximum inhibitory effect against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Inhibitory effect against B. subtilis was much larger than that against the other two bacterial species. MIC values(minimum inhibitory concentration) of the extract on three bacterial species were 5 000, 1 250, and 1 000 mg/L respectively. IC_(50)(50% inhibiting concentration) evaluation of Trichoderma viride, Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium expansum, and Vintage Red indicated that the berry had the strongest inhibitory effect against P. expansum(5 520 mg/L), while it had the weakest inhibitory effect against R. stolonifer(18 870 mg/L). The results proved that seabuckthorn berry had highly effective and comprehensive antimicrobial function.
文摘Seabuckthorn （Hippophae rhamnoides） planting areas in the three northern areas （north, northeast and northwest） of China are divided into five planting zones： the semi-humid forest prairie climate zone for ecological and economic types of seabuckthorn plantations in the southern part of the Loess Plateau; the semi-arid steppe climate zone for similar types of plantations in the central part of the Loess Plateau; the arid desert steppe climate zone for ecological type of seabuckthorn plantations in the northern part of the Loess Plateau; the semi-arid and semi-humid steppe climate zone again for ecological and economic types of plantations in northern Hebei and western Liaoning and the cold humid steppe climate zone for economic types of plantations in the northern part of northeast China. The aim of this demarcation is to avoid a random introduction of seabuckthorn. In each of the five zones, objectives should be set and suitable seabuckthorn species, subspecies and varieties should be planted according to site conditions, seed sources and methods of tree breeding. The cultivation centers, bases, stations, or units should be established and successful models of seedling and planting methods should be encouraged. The principle of matching trees with suitable site conditions and adjusting measures to local conditions should be practiced. From a strategic viewpoint of solving ecological and economic problems of seabuckthorn development in the three northern areas, every seabuckthorn center must have its own germplasm nursery, standard plantation for popularizing, excellent seed and seedling nurseries and sufficient afforestation areas for demonstration and propaganda purposes. These measures would improve the ecological environment and promote economic and social development in the three northern areas of China.
文摘As a pioneer plant in the gully slopes in the Soft Sandstone Area (SSA) for eco-economical consideration, ten years (1999-2008) planting of seabuckthorn has made 1642.83 km2, or 9.84%, of the total area of SSA change into seabuckthorn coverage. In SSA the landscape has been divided into 9 types, such as seabuckthorn, sand, water, settlement, bush, open vegetation, forest, grassland and unused land. Seabuckthorn type is separated from the bush type for estimating the role of seabuckthron planting. By means of the Markov model, the developing trends of every landscape types can be determined to support the seabuckthorn project which influences the landscape pattern deeply in SSA. The prediction shows that the optimism ratio of seabuckthorn in the future should be 10.21%, the open vegetation 32.25%, and the forest percentage under 10%, which is a very wise tactics to avoid the serious death of various vegetations in SSA to match the local arid eco-environment.
文摘China Seabuckthorn Ecological Project has been implemented for a decade (from 1999 to 2008) with an increasing seabuckthorn area of 1642.83 km2 in?the Sandstone Areas of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia—the most serious soil erosion area in China. The vast artificial seabuckthorn forest’s value in environmental resource is assessed via 7 indicators on first-level, 15 indicators on secondary level and 35 indicators on third level in this research. As of 2008, the seabuckthorn environmental resource value is 10.017 billion RMB Yuan, which equals to 37.1 times of the project’s total investment of 0.27 billion RMB Yuan. It is proposed in this research that the external economical values such as soil and water conservation, windbreak and sand-fixation can be realized through relative national policies and taxes. Carbon-fixation and oxygen-producing value can be achieved through the international carbon trade.
基金Department of Biotechnology, Government of India for a research grant (DBT-New Delhi, No. BT/ PR9116/NDB/39/390/2013)。
文摘Objective: To develop a qNMR method for quantitative analysis of triacylglycerols in fruit oil of Hippophae rhamnoides(seabuckthorn, SBT) and analyze commercial samples of SBT oils using GC–MS and FTIR.Methods: SBT fruit oil(IPHRFH) was extracted with hexane and the triglyceride(TAG) was isolated by vacuum liquid chromatography. Six different branded SBT oils purchased from e-commerce suppliers(Amazon) and in-house prepared SBT oil was analyzed by qNMR and fatty acyl composition of TAGs determined by using NMR. In-house oil was also analysed by GC–MS and FTIR spectroscopy.Results: The qNMR results showed that the oil contained 80.3% of triacylglycerol(TAG). The SBT oil TAGs comprised of linolenate 6.6%, palmitoleate/oleate 65.4%, and total saturated fatty acyl chain including palmitate 28% as determined by qNMR. GC–MS analysis revealed that the major acyl functionalities present in the TAG were palmitoleic acid 36.5%, oleic acid 12.9%, palmitic acid 21.2%, and linoleic acid 18%. Of the six commercial samples analyzed, samples from only one supplier(SW) were fruit oil;All others were the seed oils or mix of fruit oil and seed oil. The labels for samples except for the SW did not indicate whether it was fruit oil or seed oil.Conclusion: The results suggest that SBT oil should be analyzed by combination of GC–MS, FTIR and qNMR for factual content of free fatty acid or TAGs, which are chemically different in nature and affect the quality of oil. GC–MS showed the content of omega free fatty acids after hydrolysis, while qNMR and FTIR showed the content of TAGs. The major acyl functionalities found in SBT fruit oil TAGs are palmitoleate/palmitate/oleate, while linoleate and linonelate make up a minor fraction. Furthermore,analysis of commercial samples showed discrepancies between label claims and actual content.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81503361)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of seabuckthorn berries extract(SBE)on pulmonary vascular hyperpermeability in the mice model of acute lung injury(ALI)induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods:Sixty Kunming mice were allocated into 6 groups by a random number table,including control,LPS,dexamethasone(Dex,1 mg/kg),and 120,240 and 480 mg/kg SBE groups,10 mice in each group.Except the control group,mice were pre-treated with Dex and SBE,respectively,for 7 days before LPS was intraperitoneally injected to induce ALl.Pulmonary vascular hyperpermeabilitywas evaluated by histopathologic observation and transvascular leakagedetermination.Tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)levels in serum were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The expression of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-k B)p65 in lung cells was determined by immunofluorescence analysis.The contents of cytoplasmic inhibitorof nuclear factor-kBkinase(IKK)and nuclearp65,as wellasdownstreamproteins of E-selectin(CD62E)and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),were determined using Western blot analysis.Results:Histopathological observation confirmed SBEtreatment alleviatedmorphological lesion induced by LPS.Compared with the LPS group,480 mg/kg SBE significantly decreased the water content of lung,Evans blue accumulation in lung tissue,and protein concentration and neutrophils count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(P<o.01);moreover,480 mg/kg SBE significantly suppressed release of TNF-αand IL-6,and down-regulated expressions of IKK,nuclear p65,ICAM-1 and CD62E(P<0.01).Conclusion:SBE maintained alveolar-capillary barrier integrity under endotoxin challenge in mice by suppressing the key factors in the pathogenesis of ALl.
