结直肠癌(colorectal cancer, CRC)是全球范围内高发的恶性肿瘤之一,早期筛查是降低其发病率和死亡率的关键。近年来,基于表观遗传学的生物标志物研究为CRC筛查提供了新方向,其中SDC2 (Syndecan-2)基因甲基化检测因其高敏感性和特异性...结直肠癌(colorectal cancer, CRC)是全球范围内高发的恶性肿瘤之一,早期筛查是降低其发病率和死亡率的关键。近年来,基于表观遗传学的生物标志物研究为CRC筛查提供了新方向,其中SDC2 (Syndecan-2)基因甲基化检测因其高敏感性和特异性备受关注。现有研究表明,SDC2甲基化在CRC早期病变(如腺瘤和癌前息肉)中已呈现异常,且可通过非侵入性粪便DNA检测实现高效筛查,然而标准化检测流程的建立和成本效益的优化仍需进一步探索。本文综述了SDC2基因在CRC发生中的甲基化机制、检测技术的优化及其临床应用进展。未来,SDC2甲基化检测有望成为CRC早期筛查的重要工具。Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the highly prevalent malignant tumors worldwide, and early screening is the key to reducing its morbidity and mortality. In recent years, epigenetic-based biomarker studies have provided a new direction for CRC screening, among which the SDC2 (Syndecan-2) gene methylation assay has attracted much attention due to its high sensitivity and specificity. Existing studies have shown that SDC2 methylation has been aberrant in early CRC lesions (e.g., adenomas and precancerous polyps) and can be efficiently screened by non-invasive fecal DNA testing. Still, the establishment of a standardized testing process and the optimization of cost-effectiveness need to be further explored. This article reviews the methylation mechanism of the SDC2 gene in CRC development, the optimization of detection technology, and its clinical application progress. In the future, SDC2 methylation detection is expected to become an essential tool for early screening of CRC.展开更多
文摘结直肠癌(colorectal cancer, CRC)是全球范围内高发的恶性肿瘤之一,早期筛查是降低其发病率和死亡率的关键。近年来,基于表观遗传学的生物标志物研究为CRC筛查提供了新方向,其中SDC2 (Syndecan-2)基因甲基化检测因其高敏感性和特异性备受关注。现有研究表明,SDC2甲基化在CRC早期病变(如腺瘤和癌前息肉)中已呈现异常,且可通过非侵入性粪便DNA检测实现高效筛查,然而标准化检测流程的建立和成本效益的优化仍需进一步探索。本文综述了SDC2基因在CRC发生中的甲基化机制、检测技术的优化及其临床应用进展。未来,SDC2甲基化检测有望成为CRC早期筛查的重要工具。Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the highly prevalent malignant tumors worldwide, and early screening is the key to reducing its morbidity and mortality. In recent years, epigenetic-based biomarker studies have provided a new direction for CRC screening, among which the SDC2 (Syndecan-2) gene methylation assay has attracted much attention due to its high sensitivity and specificity. Existing studies have shown that SDC2 methylation has been aberrant in early CRC lesions (e.g., adenomas and precancerous polyps) and can be efficiently screened by non-invasive fecal DNA testing. Still, the establishment of a standardized testing process and the optimization of cost-effectiveness need to be further explored. This article reviews the methylation mechanism of the SDC2 gene in CRC development, the optimization of detection technology, and its clinical application progress. In the future, SDC2 methylation detection is expected to become an essential tool for early screening of CRC.
