Pollen morphology of eight species of Saxifraga, i.e.S, cespitosa, S. oppositifolia, S. cernua, S. nivalis, S. aizoides, S. rivularis, S. hieraciifolia, and S. hirculus, collected from Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, Arctic was...Pollen morphology of eight species of Saxifraga, i.e.S, cespitosa, S. oppositifolia, S. cernua, S. nivalis, S. aizoides, S. rivularis, S. hieraciifolia, and S. hirculus, collected from Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, Arctic was examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. Pollen grains of Saxifraga species are subprolate or prolate, 3-colpate, 15.4-44.4 μm in the polar axis, 11.4 34.6 μm in the equatorial axis, and show a P/E ratio 1.19-1.40. On the basis of exine ornamentation, four pollen types, viz., the S. oppositifolia type （striate without scabrae on the muff）, S. cernua type （striate with scabrae on the muri）, S. nivalis type （microreticulate and operculum absent）, and S. cespitosa type （microechinate and operculum present）, were recognized. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the pollen morphological characters indicated that pollen morphology supports the infrageneric classification of the genus Saxifraga.展开更多
目的:考察小伞虎耳草(Saxifraga umbellulata Hook. f. et Thoms.,SU)乙醇总提取物(SUT)对高脂、高果糖和高胆固醇饮食诱导的金黄地鼠高脂血症的治疗作用及其潜在机制。方法:将雄性金黄地鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、洛伐他汀阳性药给药...目的:考察小伞虎耳草(Saxifraga umbellulata Hook. f. et Thoms.,SU)乙醇总提取物(SUT)对高脂、高果糖和高胆固醇饮食诱导的金黄地鼠高脂血症的治疗作用及其潜在机制。方法:将雄性金黄地鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、洛伐他汀阳性药给药组(1.87 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1))和SUT给药组(0.56 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1))。造模2周后,各组继续给予相应饮食和药物干预4周,检测给药期间体质量变化。实验结束后,采集血清样本用于血脂指标检测;取肝脏组织测定肝脏指数,并进行HE染色,观察肝脏病理学变化;采用UPLC-MS/MS进行肝脏组织非靶向代谢组学分析;通过Western blot检测肝脏组织中关键蛋白表达水平。结果:SUT干预抑制高脂、高果糖、高胆固醇诱导的体质量增长及肝脏指数升高,下调血清胆固醇、甘油三脂和游离脂肪酸水平,提高血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。组织病理学检查显示SUT有效缓解了肝细胞脂肪变性。代谢组学鉴定出的差异代谢物主要包括磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺和甘油二酯等,富集于胆碱代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、单环β-内酰胺生物合成及赖氨酸生物合成路径,且关键代谢物与血脂指标显著相关。Western blot证实SUT通过抑制SREBP-1/FAS通路降低脂质合成,上调胆固醇7α-羟化酶与低密度脂蛋白受体并抑制3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶以促进胆固醇代谢;同时激活PPARα信号轴,上调肉碱棕榈酰转移酶1A及过氧化物酶体酰基辅酶A氧化酶1,激活线粒体中的酰基辅酶A合成酶1以增强脂肪酸β-氧化。结论:小伞虎耳草通过多靶点协同调控胆固醇代谢、脂肪酸合成及氧化,并调控胆碱代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、单环β-内酰胺生物合成及赖氨酸生物合成路径,从而改善高脂、高果糖和高胆固醇诱导的高脂血症状和肝脏脂肪变性。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.41271222)Main Direction Program of Knowledge Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant no.KSCX2-EW-J-1)+3 种基金Projects of the CAA,SOA(Grant nos.2012YR06006 and13/14YR05)SKLSEB-IBCAS(Grant no.56176G1048)Chinese Academy of Sciences Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists(Grant no.90004F1005)Visiting Scholarship funded by the China Scholarship Council(Grant no.201204910043)
文摘Pollen morphology of eight species of Saxifraga, i.e.S, cespitosa, S. oppositifolia, S. cernua, S. nivalis, S. aizoides, S. rivularis, S. hieraciifolia, and S. hirculus, collected from Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, Arctic was examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. Pollen grains of Saxifraga species are subprolate or prolate, 3-colpate, 15.4-44.4 μm in the polar axis, 11.4 34.6 μm in the equatorial axis, and show a P/E ratio 1.19-1.40. On the basis of exine ornamentation, four pollen types, viz., the S. oppositifolia type （striate without scabrae on the muff）, S. cernua type （striate with scabrae on the muri）, S. nivalis type （microreticulate and operculum absent）, and S. cespitosa type （microechinate and operculum present）, were recognized. Hierarchical cluster analysis of the pollen morphological characters indicated that pollen morphology supports the infrageneric classification of the genus Saxifraga.
文摘目的:考察小伞虎耳草(Saxifraga umbellulata Hook. f. et Thoms.,SU)乙醇总提取物(SUT)对高脂、高果糖和高胆固醇饮食诱导的金黄地鼠高脂血症的治疗作用及其潜在机制。方法:将雄性金黄地鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、洛伐他汀阳性药给药组(1.87 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1))和SUT给药组(0.56 g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1))。造模2周后,各组继续给予相应饮食和药物干预4周,检测给药期间体质量变化。实验结束后,采集血清样本用于血脂指标检测;取肝脏组织测定肝脏指数,并进行HE染色,观察肝脏病理学变化;采用UPLC-MS/MS进行肝脏组织非靶向代谢组学分析;通过Western blot检测肝脏组织中关键蛋白表达水平。结果:SUT干预抑制高脂、高果糖、高胆固醇诱导的体质量增长及肝脏指数升高,下调血清胆固醇、甘油三脂和游离脂肪酸水平,提高血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。组织病理学检查显示SUT有效缓解了肝细胞脂肪变性。代谢组学鉴定出的差异代谢物主要包括磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺和甘油二酯等,富集于胆碱代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、单环β-内酰胺生物合成及赖氨酸生物合成路径,且关键代谢物与血脂指标显著相关。Western blot证实SUT通过抑制SREBP-1/FAS通路降低脂质合成,上调胆固醇7α-羟化酶与低密度脂蛋白受体并抑制3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶以促进胆固醇代谢;同时激活PPARα信号轴,上调肉碱棕榈酰转移酶1A及过氧化物酶体酰基辅酶A氧化酶1,激活线粒体中的酰基辅酶A合成酶1以增强脂肪酸β-氧化。结论:小伞虎耳草通过多靶点协同调控胆固醇代谢、脂肪酸合成及氧化,并调控胆碱代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、单环β-内酰胺生物合成及赖氨酸生物合成路径,从而改善高脂、高果糖和高胆固醇诱导的高脂血症状和肝脏脂肪变性。
