[Objectives]To explore the effect of selenium(Se)on inhibiting embryo abortion and enhancing seedling cultivation quality of Red sandalwood(Pterocarpus santalinus).[Methods]Based on prior cultivation practices and exp...[Objectives]To explore the effect of selenium(Se)on inhibiting embryo abortion and enhancing seedling cultivation quality of Red sandalwood(Pterocarpus santalinus).[Methods]Based on prior cultivation practices and experimental research,three categories comprising 13 forest soil nutrient management schemes were designed to investigate the synergistic effects of Se,NPK compound fertilizers,and enzyme-microbe fermented organic fertilizers(EFOF)on embryo abortion,winged pod development,and seedling quality of Red sandalwood.[Results]Increasing the Se content in the soil,particularly in the form of selenite/Se(IV),within one month following the harvest of Red sandalwood pods and within two months prior to flower withering,significantly reduced embryo abortion percentage(EAP),and consequently improved seed quality and yield per plant.The effect of Se application was markedly greater than that of the single application of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K),boron(B)fertilizers,or organic fertilizers.Furthermore,when Se was applied in combination with NPK compound fertilizers and EFOF,these beneficial effects were significantly enhanced.When Se(IV)was applied individually,the EAP decreased by 62.4%,reaching 24.8% at 8 weeks after flower withering(compared to 65.9%in the unmanaged control,UMC).Following winged pod maturation,the percentage of empty winged pods(PEWP)declined by 65.2% to 16.8%(UMC:48.2%),the average individual winged pod weight(IWPW)increased by 69.1%to 0.690 g per fruit(UMC:0.408 g),and the winged pod yield(WPY)rose by 214.8% to 4.03 kg(UMC:1.28 kg).Additionally,the blasted seed percentage(BSP)was reduced by 51.2% to 29.9%(UMC:61.3%),and the 100-seed weight(HSW)increased by 96.0%to 8.37 g(UMC:4.27 g).Following sowing in the nursery,the seedling emergence rate(SER)increased by 6.57-fold,reaching 59.8%(UMC:7.9%).Additionally,the whole plant biomass of 6-month-old seedlings increased by 52.9%,attaining 1.56 g(UMC:1.02 g).The combined application of EFOF+NPK+Se(IV)significantly reduced the EAP,PEWP,and BSP by 56.5%,46.0%,and 56.3%,respectively,compared to the single application of Se(IV).Furthermore,these percentages decreased by 79.7%,78.9%,and 71.8%,respectively,relative to the single application of NPK compound fertilizers,and by 79.0%,74.5%,and 72.1%,respectively,compared to the single application of EFOF.Additionally,the SER increased by 34.6%,141.0%,and 287.0%,respectively,when compared to the single application of Se(IV),NPK compound fertilizers,and EFOF.[Conclusions]Enhancing the nutrient status of forest soils,particularly the concentration of Se(IV),constitutes a critical technical approach to improving the resistance of Red sandalwood to low-temperature stress during its flowering and fruiting stages,thereby preventing embryo abortion.展开更多
Mango(Mangifera indica L.cv.‘Keitt’)is one of the core fruit delicacies produced by China.During the post-harvest storage span,the fungal pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides readily invades the fruits and leads ...Mango(Mangifera indica L.cv.‘Keitt’)is one of the core fruit delicacies produced by China.During the post-harvest storage span,the fungal pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides readily invades the fruits and leads to a significant overall yield loss.In recent years of development,the exploitation of naturally occurring fungitoxic compounds such as Sandalwood Essential Oil(SEO)has been useful in tackling various fungal species.This study demonstrates the potential of SEO as part of a storage protection strategy against C.gloeosporioides-induced postharvest anthracnose.SEO displayed a relatively higher mycelial growth inhibition rate when compared to various other essential oils.Furthermore,the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration(MIC),Minimum Fungicidal Concentration(MFC),and EC_(50)(Half maximal effective concentration)of SEO were determined to be 2000,2500,and 610.38μL/L,respectively.Moreover,the chitosan glutamate-SEO emulsion controlled the anthracnose spread for several days by multiple folds at½MIC,MIC,and 2 MIC concentrations.These results strongly support the potential for largescale production and application of SEO emulsions by agrochemical firms and post-harvest storage facilities handling Keitt mangoes.展开更多
Santalum album （Indian Sandalwood） is found in the mountainous regions of the intermediate zone of Sri Lanka. Few studies have been conducted on sandalwood ecology in this region, and ours is the first recorded stud...Santalum album （Indian Sandalwood） is found in the mountainous regions of the intermediate zone of Sri Lanka. Few studies have been conducted on sandalwood ecology in this region, and ours is the first recorded study of essential oil content and chemical composition of heartwood. We harvested two trees with State permission and took cross-sections for analysis. We demonstrated a difference in the heartwood formation and oil yield of the trees. The composition of the oil was found to be consistent between trees and along the trunk of the tree. Main aromatic compounds were santalols and other compounds are recorded in lesser quantities. Results of this study comply with the other published work on sandalwood elsewhere. This initial study on S. album in Sri Lanka provided promising results for the future of sandalwood agroforestry.展开更多
In the introduction and propagation of red sandalwood （Pterocarpus santalinus）, a serious leaf disease of its seedlings in winter and spring seasons was found, but the name of the disease and its pathogen species ha...In the introduction and propagation of red sandalwood （Pterocarpus santalinus）, a serious leaf disease of its seedlings in winter and spring seasons was found, but the name of the disease and its pathogen species have not been reported. The pathogen isolated from infected leaves of 18-month-old seedlings was identi- fied as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by morphological characteristics of colony and conidium, and analysis results of rDNA-intemal transcribed spacer sequence （ITS） of the strain. Pathogenicity test results further confirmed that C. gloeosporioides was the pathogen responsible for the infected leaves symptoms of red sandal- wood. However, the disease belongs to an atypical anthraenose. Control of the leaf diseases of red sandalwood seedlings was discussed.展开更多
The African Sandalwood plant (Osyris lanceolata ) is a threatened shrub or a small hemi-parasitic tree endemic to East Africa and South African regions, which is being severely affected by uprooting for oil extraction...The African Sandalwood plant (Osyris lanceolata ) is a threatened shrub or a small hemi-parasitic tree endemic to East Africa and South African regions, which is being severely affected by uprooting for oil extraction, poor natural regeneration, phenological structures (dioecious), medicinal values, lack of sexual recruitment, habitat loss, anthropogenic and climate factors. It has been found that through application of in situ conservation of natural trees with respect to rapid human population growth, the available natural strands of valuable plants such as African sandalwood have not been able to meet the demands of the people in world specifically developing countries. However, advances in plant biotechnology provide new options for collection, multiplication and short- to long-term conservation of Osyris lanceolata species, using in vitro culture techniques. Different aspects of biotechnological applications can be extensively used to reduce the risk of extinction of this valuable plant species and to improve the quality and quantity of essential oils produced by it. Therefore, tissue culture appears to be a promising approach for the propagation and conservation of African sandalwood plant.展开更多
采用水蒸气蒸馏法、超临界CO_(2)萃取法提取檀香精油,并利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(gas chromatography mass spectrometry,GC-MS)结合解卷积和保留指数技术分析檀香精油成分,采用峰面积归一化法确定各组分相对含量;结合其对DPPH·...采用水蒸气蒸馏法、超临界CO_(2)萃取法提取檀香精油,并利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(gas chromatography mass spectrometry,GC-MS)结合解卷积和保留指数技术分析檀香精油成分,采用峰面积归一化法确定各组分相对含量;结合其对DPPH·清除能力,比较不同精油间抗氧化活性区别。结果显示,超临界萃取法相较于水蒸气蒸馏法具有更高的精油收率和更短的提取时间,其优化后的工艺参数为:提取釜压力25 MPa、提取釜温度75℃、提取时间4 h,提取率达到6.26%。两种方法提取的精油中共鉴定出18种化合物,主要成分基本一致,均富含Z-α-檀香醇、Z-反式-α-香柠檬醇、Z-β-檀香醇、(Z)-epi-β-檀香醇四种成分,并有反式-金合欢醇、香榧醇、反式-β-檀香醇、澳白檀醇等特征性醇类物质检出。超临界法提取的精油表现出更强的DPPH·清除能力,具有更优的抗氧化潜力。本研究可为今后檀香精油产业化生产及其功能型产品开发提供理论支持和技术参考。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31270674)Science and Technology Plan Project of Zhaoqing City(2019N012)National Undergraduate Science and Technology Innovation Training Program of China(202210580007).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the effect of selenium(Se)on inhibiting embryo abortion and enhancing seedling cultivation quality of Red sandalwood(Pterocarpus santalinus).[Methods]Based on prior cultivation practices and experimental research,three categories comprising 13 forest soil nutrient management schemes were designed to investigate the synergistic effects of Se,NPK compound fertilizers,and enzyme-microbe fermented organic fertilizers(EFOF)on embryo abortion,winged pod development,and seedling quality of Red sandalwood.[Results]Increasing the Se content in the soil,particularly in the form of selenite/Se(IV),within one month following the harvest of Red sandalwood pods and within two months prior to flower withering,significantly reduced embryo abortion percentage(EAP),and consequently improved seed quality and yield per plant.The effect of Se application was markedly greater than that of the single application of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K),boron(B)fertilizers,or organic fertilizers.Furthermore,when Se was applied in combination with NPK compound fertilizers and EFOF,these beneficial effects were significantly enhanced.When Se(IV)was applied individually,the EAP decreased by 62.4%,reaching 24.8% at 8 weeks after flower withering(compared to 65.9%in the unmanaged control,UMC).Following winged pod maturation,the percentage of empty winged pods(PEWP)declined by 65.2% to 16.8%(UMC:48.2%),the average individual winged pod weight(IWPW)increased by 69.1%to 0.690 g per fruit(UMC:0.408 g),and the winged pod yield(WPY)rose by 214.8% to 4.03 kg(UMC:1.28 kg).Additionally,the blasted seed percentage(BSP)was reduced by 51.2% to 29.9%(UMC:61.3%),and the 100-seed weight(HSW)increased by 96.0%to 8.37 g(UMC:4.27 g).Following sowing in the nursery,the seedling emergence rate(SER)increased by 6.57-fold,reaching 59.8%(UMC:7.9%).Additionally,the whole plant biomass of 6-month-old seedlings increased by 52.9%,attaining 1.56 g(UMC:1.02 g).The combined application of EFOF+NPK+Se(IV)significantly reduced the EAP,PEWP,and BSP by 56.5%,46.0%,and 56.3%,respectively,compared to the single application of Se(IV).Furthermore,these percentages decreased by 79.7%,78.9%,and 71.8%,respectively,relative to the single application of NPK compound fertilizers,and by 79.0%,74.5%,and 72.1%,respectively,compared to the single application of EFOF.Additionally,the SER increased by 34.6%,141.0%,and 287.0%,respectively,when compared to the single application of Se(IV),NPK compound fertilizers,and EFOF.[Conclusions]Enhancing the nutrient status of forest soils,particularly the concentration of Se(IV),constitutes a critical technical approach to improving the resistance of Red sandalwood to low-temperature stress during its flowering and fruiting stages,thereby preventing embryo abortion.
基金funded by the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund[grant number ZDKJ2021012]the National Key R&D Programof China[grant number 2023YFD2300801]received by Fei Qiaothe Ongoing Research Funding Program(ORF-2025-751),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saud Arabia.
文摘Mango(Mangifera indica L.cv.‘Keitt’)is one of the core fruit delicacies produced by China.During the post-harvest storage span,the fungal pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides readily invades the fruits and leads to a significant overall yield loss.In recent years of development,the exploitation of naturally occurring fungitoxic compounds such as Sandalwood Essential Oil(SEO)has been useful in tackling various fungal species.This study demonstrates the potential of SEO as part of a storage protection strategy against C.gloeosporioides-induced postharvest anthracnose.SEO displayed a relatively higher mycelial growth inhibition rate when compared to various other essential oils.Furthermore,the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration(MIC),Minimum Fungicidal Concentration(MFC),and EC_(50)(Half maximal effective concentration)of SEO were determined to be 2000,2500,and 610.38μL/L,respectively.Moreover,the chitosan glutamate-SEO emulsion controlled the anthracnose spread for several days by multiple folds at½MIC,MIC,and 2 MIC concentrations.These results strongly support the potential for largescale production and application of SEO emulsions by agrochemical firms and post-harvest storage facilities handling Keitt mangoes.
基金the financial support provided by Sadaharitha Plantations Ltdservices provided by Wescorp Sandalwood Ltd
文摘Santalum album （Indian Sandalwood） is found in the mountainous regions of the intermediate zone of Sri Lanka. Few studies have been conducted on sandalwood ecology in this region, and ours is the first recorded study of essential oil content and chemical composition of heartwood. We harvested two trees with State permission and took cross-sections for analysis. We demonstrated a difference in the heartwood formation and oil yield of the trees. The composition of the oil was found to be consistent between trees and along the trunk of the tree. Main aromatic compounds were santalols and other compounds are recorded in lesser quantities. Results of this study comply with the other published work on sandalwood elsewhere. This initial study on S. album in Sri Lanka provided promising results for the future of sandalwood agroforestry.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(31270674)Innovative High School Key Research Platform of Zhaoqing University(CQ201607)
文摘In the introduction and propagation of red sandalwood （Pterocarpus santalinus）, a serious leaf disease of its seedlings in winter and spring seasons was found, but the name of the disease and its pathogen species have not been reported. The pathogen isolated from infected leaves of 18-month-old seedlings was identi- fied as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by morphological characteristics of colony and conidium, and analysis results of rDNA-intemal transcribed spacer sequence （ITS） of the strain. Pathogenicity test results further confirmed that C. gloeosporioides was the pathogen responsible for the infected leaves symptoms of red sandal- wood. However, the disease belongs to an atypical anthraenose. Control of the leaf diseases of red sandalwood seedlings was discussed.
文摘The African Sandalwood plant (Osyris lanceolata ) is a threatened shrub or a small hemi-parasitic tree endemic to East Africa and South African regions, which is being severely affected by uprooting for oil extraction, poor natural regeneration, phenological structures (dioecious), medicinal values, lack of sexual recruitment, habitat loss, anthropogenic and climate factors. It has been found that through application of in situ conservation of natural trees with respect to rapid human population growth, the available natural strands of valuable plants such as African sandalwood have not been able to meet the demands of the people in world specifically developing countries. However, advances in plant biotechnology provide new options for collection, multiplication and short- to long-term conservation of Osyris lanceolata species, using in vitro culture techniques. Different aspects of biotechnological applications can be extensively used to reduce the risk of extinction of this valuable plant species and to improve the quality and quantity of essential oils produced by it. Therefore, tissue culture appears to be a promising approach for the propagation and conservation of African sandalwood plant.
文摘目的探讨加味丹参饮预处理是否通过调节Beclin-1和Atg5表达调控自噬抗缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心肌。方法将60只健康SD大鼠随机分为空白对照(control group,C)组、假手术(sham,S)组、缺血再灌注损伤(ischemia reperfusion injury,IRI)组、IRI+加味丹参饮(Jiawei Danshen Yin,JDY)组、IRI+JDY+自噬抑制剂(inhibitor,I)组,每组12只。通过结扎-放松大鼠左冠状动脉前降支制备心肌IRI模型。通过氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色观察心肌梗死面积率;在透射电镜下观察自噬泡;采用实时荧光定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应(reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)方法检测心肌Beclin-1和Atg5 m RNA表达;采用蛋白质印迹(western blot)法检测心肌Beclin-1蛋白表达变化。结果 IRI+JDY组心肌梗死面积率显著低于IRI组及IRI+JDY+I组(P<0.01)。电镜结果显示,IRI+JDY组适度调节大鼠缺血再灌注损伤心肌细胞的自噬,改善心肌细胞结构。IRI组大鼠心肌细胞中Beclin-1和Atg5 m RNA表达水平及Beclin-1蛋白表达较SG组显著升高(P<0.01);IRI+JDY组、IRI+JDY+I组大鼠心肌细胞中Beclin-1和Atg5 m RNA表达水平及Beclin-1蛋白表达较IRI组显著降低(P<0.01);IRI+JDY组大鼠心肌细胞中Beclin-1和Atg5 m RNA表达水平及Beclin-1蛋白表达较IRI+JDY+I组显著升高(P<0.01)。结论加味丹参饮通过调节缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心肌细胞自噬相关基因Beclin-1和Atg5表达适度,调控缺血再灌注心肌细胞发生适度自噬,从而发挥细胞保护作用。
