The present study explored quality control of plant drug and polyherbal formulation using HPTLC and HPLC fingerprinting.The study combined qualitative analysis of Emodin and Rhein biomarker compound in Rhei Emodi Wall...The present study explored quality control of plant drug and polyherbal formulation using HPTLC and HPLC fingerprinting.The study combined qualitative analysis of Emodin and Rhein biomarker compound in Rhei Emodi Wall.rhizome extract and polyherbal formulation extract by HPTLC method with quantitative estimation of Emodin by HPLC method,aiming to help in accurate identification of Emodin and Rhein in plant materials,polyherbal formulations.This study also checked adulteration,with the purpose of improving bio-efficacy of ayurvedic formulation.All the samples showed characteristic peaks of Emodin at same retention time as that of standard Emodin.According to the HPTLC fingerprinting results,the Rf values of Rhein reference standard at 0.42 and Emodin at 0.62 were observed in test solution of Rhei emodi Wall.rhizome extract and polyherbal formulation extract and both were found comparable.The quantitative evaluation of Emodin present in the polyherbal formulation and Rhei emodi Wall.rhizome extracts were 0.0177% and 0.3106% respectively.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To explore the material basis of the difference of efficacy of Dahuang(Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei Palmati)-Taoren(Semen Persicae)(DT) drugs with different proportions. METHODS: Samples of different ratios of Dah...OBJECTIVE: To explore the material basis of the difference of efficacy of Dahuang(Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei Palmati)-Taoren(Semen Persicae)(DT) drugs with different proportions. METHODS: Samples of different ratios of Dahuang(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei Palnati, DH) to Taoren(Semen Persicae, TR)(Group A 1∶1, B 2∶3, C 3∶2) were analyzed based on gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry untargeted metabolomics technique. RESULTS: A total of 240 primary metabolites were detected. Forty-one differential metabolites involved nine differential metabolic pathways, of which four were closely related to the efficacy of DT in the treatment of heat and blood stasis syndrome. These pathways included the biosynthesis of amino acid(phenylalanine tyrosine and tryptophan), flavonoids, unsaturated fatty acids, and the glycolysis/glycogenesis pathway. CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in the efficacy of different ratios of DT drugs, and their optimal ratio for the treatment of heat and blood stasis syndrome should be 1∶1.展开更多
Objective: To explore the mechanism of action of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (Dahuang)(RERR) and Semen Persicae (Taoren)(SP) on adhesive intestinal obstruction (AIO). Methods: The main targets of the active ingredients of R...Objective: To explore the mechanism of action of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (Dahuang)(RERR) and Semen Persicae (Taoren)(SP) on adhesive intestinal obstruction (AIO). Methods: The main targets of the active ingredients of RERR and SP were filtered based on the traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology analysis platform. Cytoscape 3.2.1 was applied to build the ingredient-target network of RERR and SP for AIO. Results: Fifteen active components were predicted from the RERR and SP herb pair, such as aloe-emodin, catechin, rhein, gibberellin (GA) 119, GA120 and GA121. These components were applied to 59 targets mainly involved in many biological processes such as signal transduction, anti-apoptosis, and inflammatory response involved in activating the immune effect. Conclusion: This study proposes the system pharmacology method and identifies the potent combination therapeutic mechanism of RERR and SP for AIO. This strategy will provide a new insight to the study of herb combinations.展开更多
The morphologic and microscopic features of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei were studied. The study verified that the mucilage cavities did exist in phloem of rhizomes and roots or abnormal vascular bundles. Also, they were in ...The morphologic and microscopic features of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei were studied. The study verified that the mucilage cavities did exist in phloem of rhizomes and roots or abnormal vascular bundles. Also, they were in similar distribution in three species of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei. The diagnostic characteristic for microscopic identification was found to be the similar distribution of abnormal vascular bundles in pith of rhizomes in all three species. And the appearance of the crude drug varied more depending on the plants＇ geographical origin and different preliminary treatment on the spot of collection than on the species differences. Our findings, having not been delineated clearly so far in the previous reports, are helpful for clarifying current descriptions in different literatures or standards and make a full understanding on microscopic and macroscopic identification of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei.展开更多
Objective:To explore the mechanism and active components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD)based on molecular docking.Methods:22 major components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei were scr...Objective:To explore the mechanism and active components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD)based on molecular docking.Methods:22 major components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei were screened from TCMSP and related literatures,which docked with the key targets of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway.NLRP3,Caspase-1,GSDMD inhibitors MCC950,ML132 and LDC7559 were used as positive control to analyze the docking results.Results:The docking results showed that the main components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei had different degrees of binding with NLRP3,Caspase-1 and GSDMD targets,and the potential active components were mutanochrome and physciondiglucoside.Conclusion:Molecular docking predicts that the main components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei may act on NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway,and the active components may be mutanochrome and physciondiglucoside,which provides theoretical basis for revealing the anti-inflammatory mechanism and active components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei in the treatment of AD.展开更多
Objective:The anthraquinone compound rhein(1,8-dihydroxy-3-carboxyanthraquinone),derived from Rhei Radix et Rhizoma(rhubarb,Dahuang in Chinese),exhibits notable anti-fibrotic effects.However,the mechanisms underlying ...Objective:The anthraquinone compound rhein(1,8-dihydroxy-3-carboxyanthraquinone),derived from Rhei Radix et Rhizoma(rhubarb,Dahuang in Chinese),exhibits notable anti-fibrotic effects.However,the mechanisms underlying these effects have not been fully elucidated.Suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic 3(Smad3)phosphorylation plays a crucial role in the canonical transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smad signalling pathway.In this study,we investigated the effect of rhein on the TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway in renal interstitial fibrosis(RIF).Methods:A unilateral ischaemia-reperfusion injury(UIRI)rat model was employed to simulate renal injury and assess the therapeutic effect of rhein in vivo.In vitro,TGF-β1-stimulated NRK-52E rat renal epithelial cells and HK-2 human proximal tubular epithelial cells were used to mimic fibrotic conditions.Rhein's interaction with Smad3 was further explored using molecular docking and bio-layer interferometry assays.Additionally,Smad3 knockdown and overexpression studies were performed in HK-2 cells to elucidate the functional role of Smad3 in rhein-mediated anti-fibrotic activity.Results:Rhein treatment significantly improved renal function and reduced fibrosis in UIRI rats,primarily by inhibiting Smad3 phosphorylation.Rhein treatment mitigated aberrant remodelling and extracellular matrix accumulation in both NRK-52E and HK-2 cells and in the UIRI rat model.The anti-fibrotic effects of rhein were attenuated by Smad3 deficiency but enhanced by Smad3 overexpression in HK-2 cells.Conclusion:Rhein exerts its anti-fibrotic effects in renal interstitial fibrosis by targeting the TGF-β/Smad3signaling pathway.Acting as a natural antagonist of Smad3,rhein offers promising potential for therapeutic development in renal fibrosis.These findings provide a new mechanistic insight for further clinical research and drug development.展开更多
Objective:Rhei Radix et Rhizoma has five types of products,namely,raw rhubarb(RR),wine rhubarb(WR),vinegar rhubarb(VR),cooked rhubarb(CR),and rhubarb charcoal(RC).However,Rhei Radix et Rhizoma is easily contaminated w...Objective:Rhei Radix et Rhizoma has five types of products,namely,raw rhubarb(RR),wine rhubarb(WR),vinegar rhubarb(VR),cooked rhubarb(CR),and rhubarb charcoal(RC).However,Rhei Radix et Rhizoma is easily contaminated with fungi and mycotoxins if not harvested or processed properly.Here,we intend to analyze how microbiome assemblies and co-occurrence patterns are influenced by sampling locations and processing methods.Methods:High-throughput sequencing and internal transcribed spacer 2(ITS2)were carried out to study the diversities(α-andβ-diversity),composition(dominant taxa and potential biomarkers),and network complexitity of surface fungi on RR,WR,VR,CR,and RC collected from Gansu and Sichuan provinces,China.Results:The phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota;the genera Kazachstania,Malassezia,and Asterotremella;and the species Kazachstania exigua,Asterotremella pseudolonga,and Malassezia restricta were the dominant fungi and exhibited differences in the two provinces and the five processed products.Theα-diversity and network complexity were strongly dependent on processing methods.Chao 1,the Shannon index,and network complexity and connectivity were highest in the CR group.Theα-diversity and network complexity were influenced by sampling locations.Chao 1 and network complexity and connectivity were highest in the Gansu Province.Conclusion:The assembly and network of the surface microbiome on Rhei Radix et Rhizoma were shaped by processing methods and sampling locations.This paper offers a comprehensive understanding of microorganisms,which can provide early warning for potential mycotoxins and ensure the safety of drugs and consumers.展开更多
Objective To develop a quantitative method for simultaneously determining multi-components in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma using one chemical reference substance.Methods The contents of multi-components were calculated by th...Objective To develop a quantitative method for simultaneously determining multi-components in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma using one chemical reference substance.Methods The contents of multi-components were calculated by the UV relative correction factors(RCFs)of chrysophanol,physcion,and rhein to emodin.Results The values of RCFs at 274 nm for rhein,chrysophanol,and physcion to emodin were 0.712,0.674,and 1.051.The calibration curves were linear over the ranges of 0.02-4.08,0.02-4.12,0.07-12.92,and 0.02-3.68μg/mL for rhein,emodin, chrysophanol,and physcion,respectively.The contents of emodin in 18 samples were determined by the external standard method,and the contents of the other three anthraquinone aglycones were calculated according to their RCFs. Conclusion No significant difference is found in comparison with the classical method,indicating that the RCFs have high reliability within their linear ranges and could be used in quality control of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma.The quantitative analysis of multi-component with a single marker is especially suitable for herbal medicines containing unstable or hard to be purified components as quality control markers.展开更多
Objective To establish a new method with near-infrared（NIR） spectroscopy to determine the total content of emodin, chrysophanol, rhein, aloeemodin, and physcion. NIR was used in this study to provide rapid and nonde...Objective To establish a new method with near-infrared（NIR） spectroscopy to determine the total content of emodin, chrysophanol, rhein, aloeemodin, and physcion. NIR was used in this study to provide rapid and nondestructive analysis results. Methods In the first place, HPLC was used to measure the total content of emodin, chrysophanol, rhein, aloe-emodin and physcion in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma（RR） as a reference. In the second place, the spectral regions, regression methods, pretreatment methods, and partial least squares（PLS） factors were compared to increase the feasibility of the model. In the last, the root mean square error of calibration（RMSEC）, root mean square error of cross validation（RMSECV）, root mean square error of prediction（RMSEP）, and correlation coefficient（r） were used as assessment parameters. Results PLS with first derivative pretreatment in the ranges of 4242-5581 cm^（-1）, 5885-6233 cm^（-1） and 6394-7011 cm^（-1） provided the best results. The RMSEC and RMSEP obtained were 0.134 and 0.226 respectively. The according determination coefficients of the quantitative model were 0.99 and 0.94. Conclusion NIR spectroscopy as a quick and nondestructive analytical method may be used to determine the total content of emodin, chrysophanol, rhein, aloeemodin, and physcion for the quality control of RR.展开更多
Objective:Based on metabonomics technology of high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(^(1)H NMR),the pharmacokinetic characteristics and...Objective:Based on metabonomics technology of high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(^(1)H NMR),the pharmacokinetic characteristics and therapeutic mechanism of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma(RhRR,Dahuang in Chinese),Eupolyphaga Steleophaga(EuS,Tubiechong in Chinese)combined with RhRR acting on acute liver injury were explored.Methods:Models of acute liver injury were established,and the pharmacokinetic methods of five components of RhRR-EuS in rats were found by HPLC-MS/MS.The liver tissues of different groups of mice were analyzed by ^(1)H NMR spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical analysis to investigate the metabolomics of RhRR-EuS and RhRR.Results:Pharmacokinetic results showed there were different levels of bimodal phenomenon in different groups,and the absorption of free anthraquinone in RhRR increased after compatibility with EuS.In addition,the pathological state of acute liver injury in rats can selectively promote the absorption of emodin,chrysophanol,physcion and aloe emodin.Through 15 differential metabolites in the liver tissue of acute liver injury mice,it was revealed that RhRR-EuS and RhRR could protect the liver injury by regulating the metabolism of glutamine and glutamic acid,alanine,aspartic acid and glutamic acid,and phosphoinositide.However,the regulation of RhRR was weaker than that of RhRR-EuS.Conclusion:For the first time,we studied the pharmacokinetics and metabolomics differences of RhRREuS and RhRR in rats and mice with acute liver injury,in order to provide theoretical reference for clinical treatment of liver disease by DHZCP.展开更多
大黄Rhei Radix et Rhizoma作为传统中药兼具“泻下通便”与“涩肠止泻”的双向调节特性,在胃肠动力障碍性疾病的治疗中具有独特优势。传统医学典籍记载大黄既能“荡涤肠胃”治疗热结便秘,又能“收敛固脱”缓解湿热泄痢,这种矛盾功效的...大黄Rhei Radix et Rhizoma作为传统中药兼具“泻下通便”与“涩肠止泻”的双向调节特性,在胃肠动力障碍性疾病的治疗中具有独特优势。传统医学典籍记载大黄既能“荡涤肠胃”治疗热结便秘,又能“收敛固脱”缓解湿热泄痢,这种矛盾功效的现代科学内涵已成为研究热点。现代研究表明,大黄的化学成分复杂多样,其蒽醌类及蒽酮类成分通过调节肠道菌群及其代谢产物、促进肠液分泌等途径发挥导泻作用,而鞣质类成分则通过抑制肠道蠕动、减少肠液分泌实现止泻功效。在分子机制层面,大黄可通过多靶点调控实现双向调节,同时通过调节肠道菌群结构、抑制核因子-κB炎症通路、调控环磷酸腺苷/蛋白激酶A信号转导等途径维持肠黏膜屏障功能。通过系统梳理大黄“一药双效”的活性成分及其协同作用网络,阐明其在不同病理状态下“损有余而补不足”的动态调节规律,为建立基于辨证施治的精准给药方案提供理论支撑,对推动中药现代化具有重要意义。展开更多
文摘The present study explored quality control of plant drug and polyherbal formulation using HPTLC and HPLC fingerprinting.The study combined qualitative analysis of Emodin and Rhein biomarker compound in Rhei Emodi Wall.rhizome extract and polyherbal formulation extract by HPTLC method with quantitative estimation of Emodin by HPLC method,aiming to help in accurate identification of Emodin and Rhein in plant materials,polyherbal formulations.This study also checked adulteration,with the purpose of improving bio-efficacy of ayurvedic formulation.All the samples showed characteristic peaks of Emodin at same retention time as that of standard Emodin.According to the HPTLC fingerprinting results,the Rf values of Rhein reference standard at 0.42 and Emodin at 0.62 were observed in test solution of Rhei emodi Wall.rhizome extract and polyherbal formulation extract and both were found comparable.The quantitative evaluation of Emodin present in the polyherbal formulation and Rhei emodi Wall.rhizome extracts were 0.0177% and 0.3106% respectively.
基金National Major Natural Science:Study on the Dose-effect Relationship and Compatibility Mechanism of Core Medicine in Taohe Chengqi Decoction Prescription on "Removing Stasis And Dissipating Heat" of Taoren Rhubarb (No. 81973592)Project of the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaanxi Province:Study on the Compatibility of the Classic Prescription Taohe Chengqi Decoction "Expelling Stasis And Expelling Heat" Based on Drug Interaction (2021-GJ-JC004)Supported by Discipline Innovation Team Project on Quality Evaluation and Resource Development of "Qin Medicine",Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine (2019-QN01)。
文摘OBJECTIVE: To explore the material basis of the difference of efficacy of Dahuang(Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei Palmati)-Taoren(Semen Persicae)(DT) drugs with different proportions. METHODS: Samples of different ratios of Dahuang(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei Palnati, DH) to Taoren(Semen Persicae, TR)(Group A 1∶1, B 2∶3, C 3∶2) were analyzed based on gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry untargeted metabolomics technique. RESULTS: A total of 240 primary metabolites were detected. Forty-one differential metabolites involved nine differential metabolic pathways, of which four were closely related to the efficacy of DT in the treatment of heat and blood stasis syndrome. These pathways included the biosynthesis of amino acid(phenylalanine tyrosine and tryptophan), flavonoids, unsaturated fatty acids, and the glycolysis/glycogenesis pathway. CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in the efficacy of different ratios of DT drugs, and their optimal ratio for the treatment of heat and blood stasis syndrome should be 1∶1.
基金National Natural Science Foundation Youth Project (81804098)Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation Youth Project (BK20180219).
文摘Objective: To explore the mechanism of action of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (Dahuang)(RERR) and Semen Persicae (Taoren)(SP) on adhesive intestinal obstruction (AIO). Methods: The main targets of the active ingredients of RERR and SP were filtered based on the traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology analysis platform. Cytoscape 3.2.1 was applied to build the ingredient-target network of RERR and SP for AIO. Results: Fifteen active components were predicted from the RERR and SP herb pair, such as aloe-emodin, catechin, rhein, gibberellin (GA) 119, GA120 and GA121. These components were applied to 59 targets mainly involved in many biological processes such as signal transduction, anti-apoptosis, and inflammatory response involved in activating the immune effect. Conclusion: This study proposes the system pharmacology method and identifies the potent combination therapeutic mechanism of RERR and SP for AIO. This strategy will provide a new insight to the study of herb combinations.
基金the Hong Kong Chinese Materia Medica Standards Project of Department of Health of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government (00600005)Seed Funding of School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong (92210. 22100. 01).
文摘The morphologic and microscopic features of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei were studied. The study verified that the mucilage cavities did exist in phloem of rhizomes and roots or abnormal vascular bundles. Also, they were in similar distribution in three species of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei. The diagnostic characteristic for microscopic identification was found to be the similar distribution of abnormal vascular bundles in pith of rhizomes in all three species. And the appearance of the crude drug varied more depending on the plants＇ geographical origin and different preliminary treatment on the spot of collection than on the species differences. Our findings, having not been delineated clearly so far in the previous reports, are helpful for clarifying current descriptions in different literatures or standards and make a full understanding on microscopic and macroscopic identification of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei.
基金Overseas Visiting and Study Program for Excellent Young Backbone Talents in Anhui Universities(No.gxgwfx2020041)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81873351)Graduate Science and Technology Innovation Fund project of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2020YB07)。
文摘Objective:To explore the mechanism and active components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD)based on molecular docking.Methods:22 major components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei were screened from TCMSP and related literatures,which docked with the key targets of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway.NLRP3,Caspase-1,GSDMD inhibitors MCC950,ML132 and LDC7559 were used as positive control to analyze the docking results.Results:The docking results showed that the main components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei had different degrees of binding with NLRP3,Caspase-1 and GSDMD targets,and the potential active components were mutanochrome and physciondiglucoside.Conclusion:Molecular docking predicts that the main components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei may act on NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway,and the active components may be mutanochrome and physciondiglucoside,which provides theoretical basis for revealing the anti-inflammatory mechanism and active components of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei in the treatment of AD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81973696)。
文摘Objective:The anthraquinone compound rhein(1,8-dihydroxy-3-carboxyanthraquinone),derived from Rhei Radix et Rhizoma(rhubarb,Dahuang in Chinese),exhibits notable anti-fibrotic effects.However,the mechanisms underlying these effects have not been fully elucidated.Suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic 3(Smad3)phosphorylation plays a crucial role in the canonical transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smad signalling pathway.In this study,we investigated the effect of rhein on the TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway in renal interstitial fibrosis(RIF).Methods:A unilateral ischaemia-reperfusion injury(UIRI)rat model was employed to simulate renal injury and assess the therapeutic effect of rhein in vivo.In vitro,TGF-β1-stimulated NRK-52E rat renal epithelial cells and HK-2 human proximal tubular epithelial cells were used to mimic fibrotic conditions.Rhein's interaction with Smad3 was further explored using molecular docking and bio-layer interferometry assays.Additionally,Smad3 knockdown and overexpression studies were performed in HK-2 cells to elucidate the functional role of Smad3 in rhein-mediated anti-fibrotic activity.Results:Rhein treatment significantly improved renal function and reduced fibrosis in UIRI rats,primarily by inhibiting Smad3 phosphorylation.Rhein treatment mitigated aberrant remodelling and extracellular matrix accumulation in both NRK-52E and HK-2 cells and in the UIRI rat model.The anti-fibrotic effects of rhein were attenuated by Smad3 deficiency but enhanced by Smad3 overexpression in HK-2 cells.Conclusion:Rhein exerts its anti-fibrotic effects in renal interstitial fibrosis by targeting the TGF-β/Smad3signaling pathway.Acting as a natural antagonist of Smad3,rhein offers promising potential for therapeutic development in renal fibrosis.These findings provide a new mechanistic insight for further clinical research and drug development.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Plan(No.2022YFC3501801,2022YFC3501802and 2022YFC3501804)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(No.ZXKT21037,ZZ15-YQ044,ZXKT22050 and ZXKT22001)+1 种基金Scientific Research Project of Hainan Academician Innovation Platform(No.YSPTZX202137 and SQ2021PTZ0052)Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(No.CI2023E002-Y-58)。
文摘Objective:Rhei Radix et Rhizoma has five types of products,namely,raw rhubarb(RR),wine rhubarb(WR),vinegar rhubarb(VR),cooked rhubarb(CR),and rhubarb charcoal(RC).However,Rhei Radix et Rhizoma is easily contaminated with fungi and mycotoxins if not harvested or processed properly.Here,we intend to analyze how microbiome assemblies and co-occurrence patterns are influenced by sampling locations and processing methods.Methods:High-throughput sequencing and internal transcribed spacer 2(ITS2)were carried out to study the diversities(α-andβ-diversity),composition(dominant taxa and potential biomarkers),and network complexitity of surface fungi on RR,WR,VR,CR,and RC collected from Gansu and Sichuan provinces,China.Results:The phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota;the genera Kazachstania,Malassezia,and Asterotremella;and the species Kazachstania exigua,Asterotremella pseudolonga,and Malassezia restricta were the dominant fungi and exhibited differences in the two provinces and the five processed products.Theα-diversity and network complexity were strongly dependent on processing methods.Chao 1,the Shannon index,and network complexity and connectivity were highest in the CR group.Theα-diversity and network complexity were influenced by sampling locations.Chao 1 and network complexity and connectivity were highest in the Gansu Province.Conclusion:The assembly and network of the surface microbiome on Rhei Radix et Rhizoma were shaped by processing methods and sampling locations.This paper offers a comprehensive understanding of microorganisms,which can provide early warning for potential mycotoxins and ensure the safety of drugs and consumers.
文摘Objective To develop a quantitative method for simultaneously determining multi-components in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma using one chemical reference substance.Methods The contents of multi-components were calculated by the UV relative correction factors(RCFs)of chrysophanol,physcion,and rhein to emodin.Results The values of RCFs at 274 nm for rhein,chrysophanol,and physcion to emodin were 0.712,0.674,and 1.051.The calibration curves were linear over the ranges of 0.02-4.08,0.02-4.12,0.07-12.92,and 0.02-3.68μg/mL for rhein,emodin, chrysophanol,and physcion,respectively.The contents of emodin in 18 samples were determined by the external standard method,and the contents of the other three anthraquinone aglycones were calculated according to their RCFs. Conclusion No significant difference is found in comparison with the classical method,indicating that the RCFs have high reliability within their linear ranges and could be used in quality control of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma.The quantitative analysis of multi-component with a single marker is especially suitable for herbal medicines containing unstable or hard to be purified components as quality control markers.
基金Special Fund of the National Bureau of TCM(No.201407003)
文摘Objective To establish a new method with near-infrared（NIR） spectroscopy to determine the total content of emodin, chrysophanol, rhein, aloeemodin, and physcion. NIR was used in this study to provide rapid and nondestructive analysis results. Methods In the first place, HPLC was used to measure the total content of emodin, chrysophanol, rhein, aloe-emodin and physcion in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma（RR） as a reference. In the second place, the spectral regions, regression methods, pretreatment methods, and partial least squares（PLS） factors were compared to increase the feasibility of the model. In the last, the root mean square error of calibration（RMSEC）, root mean square error of cross validation（RMSECV）, root mean square error of prediction（RMSEP）, and correlation coefficient（r） were used as assessment parameters. Results PLS with first derivative pretreatment in the ranges of 4242-5581 cm^（-1）, 5885-6233 cm^（-1） and 6394-7011 cm^（-1） provided the best results. The RMSEC and RMSEP obtained were 0.134 and 0.226 respectively. The according determination coefficients of the quantitative model were 0.99 and 0.94. Conclusion NIR spectroscopy as a quick and nondestructive analytical method may be used to determine the total content of emodin, chrysophanol, rhein, aloeemodin, and physcion for the quality control of RR.
基金supported by the Key R&D Plan of Hubei Province for local special support in the field of general health(No.2022BCE066).
文摘Objective:Based on metabonomics technology of high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)and hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(^(1)H NMR),the pharmacokinetic characteristics and therapeutic mechanism of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma(RhRR,Dahuang in Chinese),Eupolyphaga Steleophaga(EuS,Tubiechong in Chinese)combined with RhRR acting on acute liver injury were explored.Methods:Models of acute liver injury were established,and the pharmacokinetic methods of five components of RhRR-EuS in rats were found by HPLC-MS/MS.The liver tissues of different groups of mice were analyzed by ^(1)H NMR spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical analysis to investigate the metabolomics of RhRR-EuS and RhRR.Results:Pharmacokinetic results showed there were different levels of bimodal phenomenon in different groups,and the absorption of free anthraquinone in RhRR increased after compatibility with EuS.In addition,the pathological state of acute liver injury in rats can selectively promote the absorption of emodin,chrysophanol,physcion and aloe emodin.Through 15 differential metabolites in the liver tissue of acute liver injury mice,it was revealed that RhRR-EuS and RhRR could protect the liver injury by regulating the metabolism of glutamine and glutamic acid,alanine,aspartic acid and glutamic acid,and phosphoinositide.However,the regulation of RhRR was weaker than that of RhRR-EuS.Conclusion:For the first time,we studied the pharmacokinetics and metabolomics differences of RhRREuS and RhRR in rats and mice with acute liver injury,in order to provide theoretical reference for clinical treatment of liver disease by DHZCP.
文摘大黄Rhei Radix et Rhizoma作为传统中药兼具“泻下通便”与“涩肠止泻”的双向调节特性,在胃肠动力障碍性疾病的治疗中具有独特优势。传统医学典籍记载大黄既能“荡涤肠胃”治疗热结便秘,又能“收敛固脱”缓解湿热泄痢,这种矛盾功效的现代科学内涵已成为研究热点。现代研究表明,大黄的化学成分复杂多样,其蒽醌类及蒽酮类成分通过调节肠道菌群及其代谢产物、促进肠液分泌等途径发挥导泻作用,而鞣质类成分则通过抑制肠道蠕动、减少肠液分泌实现止泻功效。在分子机制层面,大黄可通过多靶点调控实现双向调节,同时通过调节肠道菌群结构、抑制核因子-κB炎症通路、调控环磷酸腺苷/蛋白激酶A信号转导等途径维持肠黏膜屏障功能。通过系统梳理大黄“一药双效”的活性成分及其协同作用网络,阐明其在不同病理状态下“损有余而补不足”的动态调节规律,为建立基于辨证施治的精准给药方案提供理论支撑,对推动中药现代化具有重要意义。
