The key for rice plant survival under Na Cl salt stress is maintaining a high K^+/Na^+ ratio in its cells. Selection for salt tolerance rice genotypes based on phenotypic performance alone will delay in progress in br...The key for rice plant survival under Na Cl salt stress is maintaining a high K^+/Na^+ ratio in its cells. Selection for salt tolerance rice genotypes based on phenotypic performance alone will delay in progress in breeding. Use of molecular markers in tandem with physiological studies will help in better identification of salt tolerant rice accessions. Eight rice accessions along with the check Dongjin were screened using 1/2 Yoshida solution with 50 mmol/L NaCl at the seedling stage. The accessions IT001158, IT246674, IT260533 and IT291341 were classified as salt tolerant based on their K^+/Na^+ ratios. Seventeen SSR markers reported to be associated with K^+/Na^+ ratio were used to screen the accessions. Five SSR markers(RM8053, RM345, RM318, RM253 and RM7075) could differentiate accessions classified based on their K^+/Na^+ ratios. Banding pattern of the accessions was scored compared to the banding pattern of Dongjin. The study differentiated accessions based on their association of K^+/Na^+ ratio with molecular markers which are very reliable. These markers can play a significant role in screening large set of rice germplasms for salt tolerance and also help in identification of high-yielding varieties with better salt tolerance. The salt tolerant accessions can be taken forward into developing better varieties by conventional breeding and exploring genes for salt tolerance.展开更多
Pavements constructed over loosely compacted subgrades may not possess adequate California bearing ratio (CBR) to meet the requirements of pavement design codes,which may lead to a thicker pavement design for addressi...Pavements constructed over loosely compacted subgrades may not possess adequate California bearing ratio (CBR) to meet the requirements of pavement design codes,which may lead to a thicker pavement design for addressing the required strength.Geosynthetics have been proven to be effective for mitigating the adverse mechanical behaviors of weak soils as integrated constituents of base and sub-base layers in road construction.This study investigated the behaviors of unreinforced and reinforced sand with nonwoven geotextile using repeated CBR loading test (followed by unloading and reloading).The depth and number of geotextile reinforcement layers,as well as the compaction ratio of the soil above and below the reinforcement layer(s) and the compaction ratio of the sand bed,were set as variables in this context.Geotextile layers were placed at upper thickness ratios of 0.3,0.6 and 0.9 and the lower thickness ratio of 0.3.The compaction ratios of the upper layer and the sand bed varied between 85% and 97% to simulate a dense layer on a medium dense sand bed for all unreinforced and reinforced testing scenarios.Repeated CBR loading tests were conducted to the target loads of 100 kgf,150 kgf,200 kgf and 400 kgf,respectively (1 kgf=9.8 N).The results indicated that placing one layer of reinforcement with an upper thickness ratio of 0.3 and compacting the soil above the reinforcement to compaction ratio of 97% significantly reduced the penetration of the CBR piston for all target repeated load levels.However,using two layers of reinforcement sandwiched between two dense soil layers with a compaction ratio of 97% with upper and lower thickness ratios of 0.3 resulted in the lowest penetration.展开更多
目的推导X染色体短串联重复序列(X-short tandem repeat,X-STR)分型用于两个体间亲缘关系鉴定的似然率计算公式。方法根据不同亲缘关系的两个体间的血缘同一系数获得两个体特定的联合基因型概率(X值),计算两无关个体特定的联合基因型概...目的推导X染色体短串联重复序列(X-short tandem repeat,X-STR)分型用于两个体间亲缘关系鉴定的似然率计算公式。方法根据不同亲缘关系的两个体间的血缘同一系数获得两个体特定的联合基因型概率(X值),计算两无关个体特定的联合基因型概率(Y值),从而求得似然率(X/Y)。结果推导出女性-女性、女性-男性、男性-男性个体间不同亲缘关系各种基因型组合的似然率计算公式,并通过案例验证。结论推导的根据X-STR分型计算两个体间亲缘关系的似然率计算方法简便、准确,为X-STR基因座在疑难亲缘关系鉴定中发挥其更大应用价值奠定了基础。展开更多
基金supported by the research fund of Rural Development Administration, South Korea (Grant No. PJ012281)
文摘The key for rice plant survival under Na Cl salt stress is maintaining a high K^+/Na^+ ratio in its cells. Selection for salt tolerance rice genotypes based on phenotypic performance alone will delay in progress in breeding. Use of molecular markers in tandem with physiological studies will help in better identification of salt tolerant rice accessions. Eight rice accessions along with the check Dongjin were screened using 1/2 Yoshida solution with 50 mmol/L NaCl at the seedling stage. The accessions IT001158, IT246674, IT260533 and IT291341 were classified as salt tolerant based on their K^+/Na^+ ratios. Seventeen SSR markers reported to be associated with K^+/Na^+ ratio were used to screen the accessions. Five SSR markers(RM8053, RM345, RM318, RM253 and RM7075) could differentiate accessions classified based on their K^+/Na^+ ratios. Banding pattern of the accessions was scored compared to the banding pattern of Dongjin. The study differentiated accessions based on their association of K^+/Na^+ ratio with molecular markers which are very reliable. These markers can play a significant role in screening large set of rice germplasms for salt tolerance and also help in identification of high-yielding varieties with better salt tolerance. The salt tolerant accessions can be taken forward into developing better varieties by conventional breeding and exploring genes for salt tolerance.
文摘Pavements constructed over loosely compacted subgrades may not possess adequate California bearing ratio (CBR) to meet the requirements of pavement design codes,which may lead to a thicker pavement design for addressing the required strength.Geosynthetics have been proven to be effective for mitigating the adverse mechanical behaviors of weak soils as integrated constituents of base and sub-base layers in road construction.This study investigated the behaviors of unreinforced and reinforced sand with nonwoven geotextile using repeated CBR loading test (followed by unloading and reloading).The depth and number of geotextile reinforcement layers,as well as the compaction ratio of the soil above and below the reinforcement layer(s) and the compaction ratio of the sand bed,were set as variables in this context.Geotextile layers were placed at upper thickness ratios of 0.3,0.6 and 0.9 and the lower thickness ratio of 0.3.The compaction ratios of the upper layer and the sand bed varied between 85% and 97% to simulate a dense layer on a medium dense sand bed for all unreinforced and reinforced testing scenarios.Repeated CBR loading tests were conducted to the target loads of 100 kgf,150 kgf,200 kgf and 400 kgf,respectively (1 kgf=9.8 N).The results indicated that placing one layer of reinforcement with an upper thickness ratio of 0.3 and compacting the soil above the reinforcement to compaction ratio of 97% significantly reduced the penetration of the CBR piston for all target repeated load levels.However,using two layers of reinforcement sandwiched between two dense soil layers with a compaction ratio of 97% with upper and lower thickness ratios of 0.3 resulted in the lowest penetration.
文摘目的推导X染色体短串联重复序列(X-short tandem repeat,X-STR)分型用于两个体间亲缘关系鉴定的似然率计算公式。方法根据不同亲缘关系的两个体间的血缘同一系数获得两个体特定的联合基因型概率(X值),计算两无关个体特定的联合基因型概率(Y值),从而求得似然率(X/Y)。结果推导出女性-女性、女性-男性、男性-男性个体间不同亲缘关系各种基因型组合的似然率计算公式,并通过案例验证。结论推导的根据X-STR分型计算两个体间亲缘关系的似然率计算方法简便、准确,为X-STR基因座在疑难亲缘关系鉴定中发挥其更大应用价值奠定了基础。
