The reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) is among the most economically damaging plant pathogens in the United States. This nematode is mostly known for its damage to cotton but tomato is also well-within its ...The reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) is among the most economically damaging plant pathogens in the United States. This nematode is mostly known for its damage to cotton but tomato is also well-within its vast host range that includes 314 plant species across 77 plant families. Nematode-resistant genotypes offer an effective, environmentally safe alternative to agro-chemicals for reniform nematode management. Resistance genes can be introgressed into cultivars through plant improvement efforts. Tomato is a diploid species which is more amenable to identification of resistance genes in contrast to cotton where cultivars are either tetraploid or hexaploid.This greenhouse study examined cultivated and wild Solanum species represented by 40 tomato accessions, to identify resistance and susceptibility responses to R. reniformis. Accessions were evaluated by using single plants in six replicates. Seeds were germinated in sterile soil and inoculated with mixed vermiform R. reniformis. After seven weeks, eggs and vermiform stages were extracted from the root system and counted. A susceptible control S. lycopersicum “Rutgers” (LA1090) was included. Seven putatively resistant tomato genotypes were identified. These genotypes in increasing order of resistance are S. chilense (LA1029), S. lycopersicum (LA1792), S. chilense (LA1932), S. peruvianum var. humifusum (LA0385) S. pimpinellifolium (LA2934), S. peruvianum f. glandulosum (LA1283) and S. pimpinellifolium (LA1579).展开更多
The reniform nematode (RN), Rotylenchulus reniformis, is an agriculturally important pest with a broad host range that results in a large economic impact in tropical, subtropical and in warm temperate zones. In an ini...The reniform nematode (RN), Rotylenchulus reniformis, is an agriculturally important pest with a broad host range that results in a large economic impact in tropical, subtropical and in warm temperate zones. In an initial effort to understand the transcriptome and gene expression in RN, we present EST results that reveal numerous putative parasitism-related genes some of which play roles in plant cell wall modification. The characterized contigs included 8362 (40.6%) matches to unique proteins. Coding contigs predicted were 10,656 (51.7%) or 3079 (14.9%), that was similar to those identified in Brugia malayi and Caenorhabditis elegans as reference organisms respectively. Specific transcripts studied in more detail include putative plant parasitism genes, prominent among them were several plant cell wall modification genes. Contigs matching 14 parasitism genes found in sedentary endoparasitic nematodes included expansins, hexosaminidase, glycosyl hydrolases family, 14-3-3 protein, xylanases, glutathione peroxidase, pectate lyase, β-1,4-endoglucanase, major sperm protein, aminopeptidase, c-type lectin, chitin synthase, FMR famide-like peptide, and calreticulin. These genes function in suppression of host defenses and development of feeding sites.展开更多
An extensive survey of about 50 ornamental plants growing in A.M.U. campus were carried out to find out the infection of root-knot (Meloidogyne spp.) and reniform nematodes (Rotylenchulus reniformis). Out of 50 specie...An extensive survey of about 50 ornamental plants growing in A.M.U. campus were carried out to find out the infection of root-knot (Meloidogyne spp.) and reniform nematodes (Rotylenchulus reniformis). Out of 50 species of ornamental plants studied, 29 species of these plants were found to be infected with root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and 15 species were infected with reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis). The highest percentage of infection of root-knot nematodes was observed in Impatiens balsamina (100%) and reniform nematode was observed in Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (56%). Among the Meloidogyne spp. the highest percentage of infection of M. incognita was observed in Pseuderanthemum atropurpureum (80%) whereas, the highest percentage of infection of M. javanica and M. arenaria was observed in Mirabilis jalapa (72%) and Celosis cristata (28%).展开更多
文摘The reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) is among the most economically damaging plant pathogens in the United States. This nematode is mostly known for its damage to cotton but tomato is also well-within its vast host range that includes 314 plant species across 77 plant families. Nematode-resistant genotypes offer an effective, environmentally safe alternative to agro-chemicals for reniform nematode management. Resistance genes can be introgressed into cultivars through plant improvement efforts. Tomato is a diploid species which is more amenable to identification of resistance genes in contrast to cotton where cultivars are either tetraploid or hexaploid.This greenhouse study examined cultivated and wild Solanum species represented by 40 tomato accessions, to identify resistance and susceptibility responses to R. reniformis. Accessions were evaluated by using single plants in six replicates. Seeds were germinated in sterile soil and inoculated with mixed vermiform R. reniformis. After seven weeks, eggs and vermiform stages were extracted from the root system and counted. A susceptible control S. lycopersicum “Rutgers” (LA1090) was included. Seven putatively resistant tomato genotypes were identified. These genotypes in increasing order of resistance are S. chilense (LA1029), S. lycopersicum (LA1792), S. chilense (LA1932), S. peruvianum var. humifusum (LA0385) S. pimpinellifolium (LA2934), S. peruvianum f. glandulosum (LA1283) and S. pimpinellifolium (LA1579).
文摘The reniform nematode (RN), Rotylenchulus reniformis, is an agriculturally important pest with a broad host range that results in a large economic impact in tropical, subtropical and in warm temperate zones. In an initial effort to understand the transcriptome and gene expression in RN, we present EST results that reveal numerous putative parasitism-related genes some of which play roles in plant cell wall modification. The characterized contigs included 8362 (40.6%) matches to unique proteins. Coding contigs predicted were 10,656 (51.7%) or 3079 (14.9%), that was similar to those identified in Brugia malayi and Caenorhabditis elegans as reference organisms respectively. Specific transcripts studied in more detail include putative plant parasitism genes, prominent among them were several plant cell wall modification genes. Contigs matching 14 parasitism genes found in sedentary endoparasitic nematodes included expansins, hexosaminidase, glycosyl hydrolases family, 14-3-3 protein, xylanases, glutathione peroxidase, pectate lyase, β-1,4-endoglucanase, major sperm protein, aminopeptidase, c-type lectin, chitin synthase, FMR famide-like peptide, and calreticulin. These genes function in suppression of host defenses and development of feeding sites.
文摘An extensive survey of about 50 ornamental plants growing in A.M.U. campus were carried out to find out the infection of root-knot (Meloidogyne spp.) and reniform nematodes (Rotylenchulus reniformis). Out of 50 species of ornamental plants studied, 29 species of these plants were found to be infected with root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) and 15 species were infected with reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis). The highest percentage of infection of root-knot nematodes was observed in Impatiens balsamina (100%) and reniform nematode was observed in Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (56%). Among the Meloidogyne spp. the highest percentage of infection of M. incognita was observed in Pseuderanthemum atropurpureum (80%) whereas, the highest percentage of infection of M. javanica and M. arenaria was observed in Mirabilis jalapa (72%) and Celosis cristata (28%).
