Tunneling diodes hold significant promise for future rectification in the terahertz(THz)and visible light spectra,thanks to their femtosecond-scale transit-time tunneling capabilities.In this work,TiN/ZnO/Pt fin tunne...Tunneling diodes hold significant promise for future rectification in the terahertz(THz)and visible light spectra,thanks to their femtosecond-scale transit-time tunneling capabilities.In this work,TiN/ZnO/Pt fin tunneling diodes(FTDs)with tunneling distances of 10 and 5 nm are fabricated,which demonstrate remarkable characteristics,including ultrahigh asymmetry(1.6×10^(4)for 10 nm device and 1.6×10^(3) for 5 nm device),high responsivity(25.3 V^(-1) for 10 nm device and 28.3 V^(-1) for 5 nm device)at zero bias,surpassing the thermal voltage limit of conventional Schottky diodes,and low turn-on voltage(V_(on))of approximately 100 mV for both devices,making them ideal for power conversion applications.Using technology computer-aided design(TCAD)simulations,the observed asymmetry in electronic transport is attributed to the transition between Fowler-Nordheim tunneling(FNT)and trap-assisted tunneling(TAT)under different biasing conditions,as illustrated by the corresponding energy band profiles.Furthermore,by integrating the FTDs,a rectifier bridge circuit is designed and exhibits full-wave rectification behavior,validated through SPICE simulations for THz-band operations.This advancement offers a highly efficient solution for THz-band energy conversion and effective detection applications.展开更多
With the rapid development of large-scale offshore wind farms,efficient and reliable power transmission systems are urgently needed.Hybrid high-voltage direct current(HVDC)configurations combining a diode rectifier un...With the rapid development of large-scale offshore wind farms,efficient and reliable power transmission systems are urgently needed.Hybrid high-voltage direct current(HVDC)configurations combining a diode rectifier unit(DRU)and a modular multilevel converter(MMC)have emerged as a promising solution,offering advantages in cost-effectiveness and control capability.However,the uncontrollable nature of the DRU poses significant challenges for systemstability under offshore AC fault conditions,particularly due to its inability to provide fault current or voltage support.This paper investigates the offshore AC fault characteristics and fault ride-through(FRT)strategy of a hybrid offshore wind power transmission system based on a diode rectifier unit DRU and MMC.First,the dynamic response of the hybrid system under offshore symmetrical three-phase faults is analyzed.It is demonstrated that due to the unidirectional conduction nature of the DRU,its AC current rapidly drops to zero during faults,and the fault current is solely contributed by the wind turbine generators(WTGs)and wind farm MMC(WFMMC).Based on this analysis,a coordinated FRT strategy is proposed,which combines a segmented current limiting control for the wind-turbine(WT)grid-side converters(GSCs)and a constant AC current control for the WFMMC.The strategy ensures effective voltage support during the fault and prevents MMC current saturation during fault recovery,enabling fast and stable system restoration.Electromagnetic transient simulations in PSCAD/EMTDC verify the feasibility of the proposed fault ride-through strategy.展开更多
A monolithic integrated full-wave bridge rectifier consisted of horizontal Schottky-barrier diodes(SBD)is prepared based on 100 nm ultra-thin β-Ga_(2)O_(3)and demonstrated the solar-blind UV(SUV)light-modulated chara...A monolithic integrated full-wave bridge rectifier consisted of horizontal Schottky-barrier diodes(SBD)is prepared based on 100 nm ultra-thin β-Ga_(2)O_(3)and demonstrated the solar-blind UV(SUV)light-modulated characteristics.Under SUV light illumination,the rectifier has the excellent full-wave rectification characteristics for the AC input signals of 5,12,and 24 V with different frequencies.Further,experimental results confirmed the feasibility of continuously tuning the rectified output through SUV light-encoding.This work provides valuable insights for the development of optically programmable Ga_(2)O_(3)ACDC converters.展开更多
Rectifying circuit,as a crucial component for converting alternating current into direct current,plays a pivotal role in energy harvesting microsystems.Traditional silicon-based or germanium-based rectifier diodes hin...Rectifying circuit,as a crucial component for converting alternating current into direct current,plays a pivotal role in energy harvesting microsystems.Traditional silicon-based or germanium-based rectifier diodes hinder system integration due to their specific manufacturing processes.Conversely,metal oxide diodes,with their simple fabrication techniques,offer advantages for system integration.The oxygen vacancy defect of oxide semiconductor will greatly affect the electrical performance of the device,so the performance of the diode can be effectively controlled by adjusting the oxygen vacancy concentration.This study centers on optimizing the performance of diodes by modulating the oxygen vacancy concentration within InGaZnO films through control of oxygen flows during the sputtering process.Experimental results demonstrate that the diode exhibits a forward current density of 43.82 A·cm^(−2),with a rectification ratio of 6.94×10^(4),efficiently rectifying input sine signals with 1 kHz frequency and 5 V magnitude.These results demonstrate its potential in energy conversion and management.By adjusting the oxygen vacancy,a methodology is provided for optimizing the performance of rectifying diodes.展开更多
The global adoption of Electric Vehicles(EVs)is on the rise due to their advanced features,with projections indicating they will soon dominate the private vehicle market.However,improper management of EV charging can ...The global adoption of Electric Vehicles(EVs)is on the rise due to their advanced features,with projections indicating they will soon dominate the private vehicle market.However,improper management of EV charging can lead to significant issues.This paper reviews the development of high-power,reliable charging solutions by examining the converter topologies used in rectifiers and converters that transfer electricity from the grid to EV batteries.It covers technical details,ongoing developments,and challenges related to these topologies and control strategies.The integration of rapid charging stations has introduced various Power Quality(PQ)issues,such as voltage fluctuations,harmonic distortion,and supra-harmonics,which are discussed in detail.The paper also highlights the benefits of controlled EV charging and discharging,including voltage and frequency regulation,reactive power compensation,and improved power quality.Efficient energy management and control strategies are crucial for optimizing EV battery charging within microgrids to meet increasing demand.Charging stations must adhere to specific converter topologies,control strategies,and industry standards to function correctly.The paper explores microgrid architectures and control strategies that integrate EVs,energy storage units(ESUs),and Renewable Energy Sources(RES)to enhance performance at charging points.It emphasizes the importance of various RES-connected architectures and the latest power converter topologies.Additionally,the paper provides a comparative analysis of microgrid-based charging station architectures,focusing on energy management,control strategies,and charging converter controls.The goal is to offer insights into future research directions in EV charging systems,including architectural considerations,control factors,and their respective advantages and disadvantages.展开更多
The Vienna rectifier is a widely adopted solution for high-power rectification due to its efficiency and straightforward design.However,its performance can degrade under unbalanced three phase voltage conditions,leadi...The Vienna rectifier is a widely adopted solution for high-power rectification due to its efficiency and straightforward design.However,its performance can degrade under unbalanced three phase voltage conditions,leading to current zero-crossing distortion and compromised dynamic response.This paper investigates the causes of these distortions,identifying a phase shift between the input current and the grid voltage as a primary factor,and proposes an effective distortion phase identification strategy.Furthermore,the dynamic performance is enhanced through improved current reference calculations and a refined power feedforward strategy.This approach optimizes the system's response to load changes and maintains output voltage stability under unbalanced conditions.Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed methods in reducing current distortion and improving overall performance.展开更多
In this study,Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)together with a component transport model are exploited to investigate the influence of dimensionless parameters,involving the height of the rectifier grid and the instal...In this study,Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)together with a component transport model are exploited to investigate the influence of dimensionless parameters,involving the height of the rectifier grid and the installation height of the first catalyst layer,on the flow field and the overall denitration efficiency of a cement kiln’s SCR(Selective catalytic reduction)denitrification reactor.It is shown that accurate numerical results can be obtained by fitting the particle size distribution function to the actual cement kiln fly ash and implementing a non-uniform particle inlet boundary condition.The relative error between denitration efficiency derived from experimental data,numerical simulation,and real-time system pressure drop ranges from 4%to 9%.Optimization of the SCR reactor is achieved when the rectifier grid thickness ratio k/H≥0.030,the rectifier grid height ratio h/H=0.04,and the spacing between the rectifier grid and the first catalyst layer l/H=0.10.Under these conditions,airflow distribution and particle dispersion upstream of the catalyst result in increased denitration efficiencies of 3.21%,3.43%,and 3.27%,respectively,compared to the least favorable operating conditions.展开更多
A control strategy of repetitive control without inductorance decoupling was proposed to address the problem of high total harmonic distortion(THD)rate of the network-side current caused by the reduced stability of th...A control strategy of repetitive control without inductorance decoupling was proposed to address the problem of high total harmonic distortion(THD)rate of the network-side current caused by the reduced stability of the rectifier module of the DC charging pile under weak grid as well as the dead zone and nonlinearity of switching devices during charging.Firstly,the parallel repetitive control was constructed in the inner current loop,and the proportional-integral(PI)+repetitive controller based on parallel structure was designed.For system compensation,a second-order low-pass filter was selected to correct the system,and the network-side current harmonics were actively suppressed without increasing the filtering device,which effectively improves the quality of grid-connected current.Secondly,based on the synthetic vector method,the controller parameters were designed to realize the elimination of main pole by establishing two synchronous rotation coordinate system vector differential equations,so as to realize the inductanceless decoupling to cope with the influence of network-side inductance fluctuation on the stability of the control system under weak grid.By theoretical analysis and simulation,the proposed control strategy was embedded into the self-developed digital signal processor for the rectifier module of DC charging pile,simulated dynamic and steady-state operation experiments were conducted,and comparative analysis was performed to prove the feasibility of the proposed control strategy.展开更多
Parvalbumin-positive(PV^(+))interneuron dysfunction is believed to be linked to autism spectrum disorder(ASD),a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social deficits and stereotypical behaviors.However,the mech...Parvalbumin-positive(PV^(+))interneuron dysfunction is believed to be linked to autism spectrum disorder(ASD),a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social deficits and stereotypical behaviors.However,the mechanisms behind PV^(+)interneuron dysfunction remain largely unclear.Here,we found that a deficiency of Biorientation Defective 1(Bod1)in PV^(+)interneurons led to an ASD-like phenotype in Pvalb-Cre;Bod1f/f mice.Mechanistically,we observed that Bod1 deficiency induced hypoactivity of PV^(+)interneurons and hyperactivity of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡalpha(CaMKⅡα)neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex,as determined by whole-cell patch-clamp recording.Additionally,Bod1 deficiency decreased the power of highgamma oscillation,assessed by in vivo multi-channel electrophysiological recording.Furthermore,we found that Bod1 deficiency enhanced the inwardly rectifying K^(+)current,leading to an increase in the resting membrane potential of PV^(+)interneurons.Importantly,the gain-of-function of Bod1 improved social deficits and stereotypical behaviors in Pvalb-Cre;Bod1f/f mice.These findings provide mechanistic insights into the PV^(+)interneuron dysfunction and suggest new strategies for developing PV^(+)interneuron-targeted therapies for ASD.展开更多
The face velocities of the high efficiency particulate air filters and the ultra low penetration airfilters in fan filter units (FFUs) have large relative standard deviation and turbulivity. It seriously affects the ...The face velocities of the high efficiency particulate air filters and the ultra low penetration airfilters in fan filter units (FFUs) have large relative standard deviation and turbulivity. It seriously affects the unidirectivity of the flow in the unidirectional flow clean zone and cleanroom. The cross contamination in this kind of unidirectional flow area is hardly controlled. It is significant to find optional method for keeping the face velocity uniformity of FFU and reducing the face velocity turbulivity of FFU, furthermore, to keep the cleanliness level under FFUs. The normal and easy method is to add flow rectifiers under filters. FFUs with various flow rectifiers have been tested. The uniformity and turbulivity of facevelocity under the FFU are presented in this paper. The influence of the facevelocity uniformity and turbulivity on the contamination boundary of the unidirectional flow is studiedas well.展开更多
On the basis of detailed analysis of a novel harmonic counteracting method which can be used to effectively compensate the supply line harmonic currents of a passive single phase diode bridge rectifier, this paper pr...On the basis of detailed analysis of a novel harmonic counteracting method which can be used to effectively compensate the supply line harmonic currents of a passive single phase diode bridge rectifier, this paper presents two simpler single phase diode bridge rectifier configurations and their alternatives which can achieve low supply line current THD(total harmonic distortion) too. Moreover, this paper also proposes a few passive hamonic counteracting networks for multi single phase rectifiers which are connected in parallel.展开更多
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFA1410700,2021YFA1200700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62474065,T2222025,62174053)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2024NSCQ-JQX0005)Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(24QA2702300,24YF2710400)National Postdoctoral Program(GZB20240225)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Tunneling diodes hold significant promise for future rectification in the terahertz(THz)and visible light spectra,thanks to their femtosecond-scale transit-time tunneling capabilities.In this work,TiN/ZnO/Pt fin tunneling diodes(FTDs)with tunneling distances of 10 and 5 nm are fabricated,which demonstrate remarkable characteristics,including ultrahigh asymmetry(1.6×10^(4)for 10 nm device and 1.6×10^(3) for 5 nm device),high responsivity(25.3 V^(-1) for 10 nm device and 28.3 V^(-1) for 5 nm device)at zero bias,surpassing the thermal voltage limit of conventional Schottky diodes,and low turn-on voltage(V_(on))of approximately 100 mV for both devices,making them ideal for power conversion applications.Using technology computer-aided design(TCAD)simulations,the observed asymmetry in electronic transport is attributed to the transition between Fowler-Nordheim tunneling(FNT)and trap-assisted tunneling(TAT)under different biasing conditions,as illustrated by the corresponding energy band profiles.Furthermore,by integrating the FTDs,a rectifier bridge circuit is designed and exhibits full-wave rectification behavior,validated through SPICE simulations for THz-band operations.This advancement offers a highly efficient solution for THz-band energy conversion and effective detection applications.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Projects of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co.,Ltd.(5211DS24000G).
文摘With the rapid development of large-scale offshore wind farms,efficient and reliable power transmission systems are urgently needed.Hybrid high-voltage direct current(HVDC)configurations combining a diode rectifier unit(DRU)and a modular multilevel converter(MMC)have emerged as a promising solution,offering advantages in cost-effectiveness and control capability.However,the uncontrollable nature of the DRU poses significant challenges for systemstability under offshore AC fault conditions,particularly due to its inability to provide fault current or voltage support.This paper investigates the offshore AC fault characteristics and fault ride-through(FRT)strategy of a hybrid offshore wind power transmission system based on a diode rectifier unit DRU and MMC.First,the dynamic response of the hybrid system under offshore symmetrical three-phase faults is analyzed.It is demonstrated that due to the unidirectional conduction nature of the DRU,its AC current rapidly drops to zero during faults,and the fault current is solely contributed by the wind turbine generators(WTGs)and wind farm MMC(WFMMC).Based on this analysis,a coordinated FRT strategy is proposed,which combines a segmented current limiting control for the wind-turbine(WT)grid-side converters(GSCs)and a constant AC current control for the WFMMC.The strategy ensures effective voltage support during the fault and prevents MMC current saturation during fault recovery,enabling fast and stable system restoration.Electromagnetic transient simulations in PSCAD/EMTDC verify the feasibility of the proposed fault ride-through strategy.
基金supported by Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2023JCYB574)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62204203)。
文摘A monolithic integrated full-wave bridge rectifier consisted of horizontal Schottky-barrier diodes(SBD)is prepared based on 100 nm ultra-thin β-Ga_(2)O_(3)and demonstrated the solar-blind UV(SUV)light-modulated characteristics.Under SUV light illumination,the rectifier has the excellent full-wave rectification characteristics for the AC input signals of 5,12,and 24 V with different frequencies.Further,experimental results confirmed the feasibility of continuously tuning the rectified output through SUV light-encoding.This work provides valuable insights for the development of optically programmable Ga_(2)O_(3)ACDC converters.
文摘Rectifying circuit,as a crucial component for converting alternating current into direct current,plays a pivotal role in energy harvesting microsystems.Traditional silicon-based or germanium-based rectifier diodes hinder system integration due to their specific manufacturing processes.Conversely,metal oxide diodes,with their simple fabrication techniques,offer advantages for system integration.The oxygen vacancy defect of oxide semiconductor will greatly affect the electrical performance of the device,so the performance of the diode can be effectively controlled by adjusting the oxygen vacancy concentration.This study centers on optimizing the performance of diodes by modulating the oxygen vacancy concentration within InGaZnO films through control of oxygen flows during the sputtering process.Experimental results demonstrate that the diode exhibits a forward current density of 43.82 A·cm^(−2),with a rectification ratio of 6.94×10^(4),efficiently rectifying input sine signals with 1 kHz frequency and 5 V magnitude.These results demonstrate its potential in energy conversion and management.By adjusting the oxygen vacancy,a methodology is provided for optimizing the performance of rectifying diodes.
文摘The global adoption of Electric Vehicles(EVs)is on the rise due to their advanced features,with projections indicating they will soon dominate the private vehicle market.However,improper management of EV charging can lead to significant issues.This paper reviews the development of high-power,reliable charging solutions by examining the converter topologies used in rectifiers and converters that transfer electricity from the grid to EV batteries.It covers technical details,ongoing developments,and challenges related to these topologies and control strategies.The integration of rapid charging stations has introduced various Power Quality(PQ)issues,such as voltage fluctuations,harmonic distortion,and supra-harmonics,which are discussed in detail.The paper also highlights the benefits of controlled EV charging and discharging,including voltage and frequency regulation,reactive power compensation,and improved power quality.Efficient energy management and control strategies are crucial for optimizing EV battery charging within microgrids to meet increasing demand.Charging stations must adhere to specific converter topologies,control strategies,and industry standards to function correctly.The paper explores microgrid architectures and control strategies that integrate EVs,energy storage units(ESUs),and Renewable Energy Sources(RES)to enhance performance at charging points.It emphasizes the importance of various RES-connected architectures and the latest power converter topologies.Additionally,the paper provides a comparative analysis of microgrid-based charging station architectures,focusing on energy management,control strategies,and charging converter controls.The goal is to offer insights into future research directions in EV charging systems,including architectural considerations,control factors,and their respective advantages and disadvantages.
文摘The Vienna rectifier is a widely adopted solution for high-power rectification due to its efficiency and straightforward design.However,its performance can degrade under unbalanced three phase voltage conditions,leading to current zero-crossing distortion and compromised dynamic response.This paper investigates the causes of these distortions,identifying a phase shift between the input current and the grid voltage as a primary factor,and proposes an effective distortion phase identification strategy.Furthermore,the dynamic performance is enhanced through improved current reference calculations and a refined power feedforward strategy.This approach optimizes the system's response to load changes and maintains output voltage stability under unbalanced conditions.Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed methods in reducing current distortion and improving overall performance.
基金Anhui Province Key Research and Development Plan of the Ecological Environment Project(No.202104i07020016).
文摘In this study,Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)together with a component transport model are exploited to investigate the influence of dimensionless parameters,involving the height of the rectifier grid and the installation height of the first catalyst layer,on the flow field and the overall denitration efficiency of a cement kiln’s SCR(Selective catalytic reduction)denitrification reactor.It is shown that accurate numerical results can be obtained by fitting the particle size distribution function to the actual cement kiln fly ash and implementing a non-uniform particle inlet boundary condition.The relative error between denitration efficiency derived from experimental data,numerical simulation,and real-time system pressure drop ranges from 4%to 9%.Optimization of the SCR reactor is achieved when the rectifier grid thickness ratio k/H≥0.030,the rectifier grid height ratio h/H=0.04,and the spacing between the rectifier grid and the first catalyst layer l/H=0.10.Under these conditions,airflow distribution and particle dispersion upstream of the catalyst result in increased denitration efficiencies of 3.21%,3.43%,and 3.27%,respectively,compared to the least favorable operating conditions.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61903291)Shaanxi Province Key R&D Program(No.2022GY-134)。
文摘A control strategy of repetitive control without inductorance decoupling was proposed to address the problem of high total harmonic distortion(THD)rate of the network-side current caused by the reduced stability of the rectifier module of the DC charging pile under weak grid as well as the dead zone and nonlinearity of switching devices during charging.Firstly,the parallel repetitive control was constructed in the inner current loop,and the proportional-integral(PI)+repetitive controller based on parallel structure was designed.For system compensation,a second-order low-pass filter was selected to correct the system,and the network-side current harmonics were actively suppressed without increasing the filtering device,which effectively improves the quality of grid-connected current.Secondly,based on the synthetic vector method,the controller parameters were designed to realize the elimination of main pole by establishing two synchronous rotation coordinate system vector differential equations,so as to realize the inductanceless decoupling to cope with the influence of network-side inductance fluctuation on the stability of the control system under weak grid.By theoretical analysis and simulation,the proposed control strategy was embedded into the self-developed digital signal processor for the rectifier module of DC charging pile,simulated dynamic and steady-state operation experiments were conducted,and comparative analysis was performed to prove the feasibility of the proposed control strategy.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0108600 to Y.M.L.)the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Grant Nos.82473918 and 82104162 to X.X.L.).
文摘Parvalbumin-positive(PV^(+))interneuron dysfunction is believed to be linked to autism spectrum disorder(ASD),a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social deficits and stereotypical behaviors.However,the mechanisms behind PV^(+)interneuron dysfunction remain largely unclear.Here,we found that a deficiency of Biorientation Defective 1(Bod1)in PV^(+)interneurons led to an ASD-like phenotype in Pvalb-Cre;Bod1f/f mice.Mechanistically,we observed that Bod1 deficiency induced hypoactivity of PV^(+)interneurons and hyperactivity of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡalpha(CaMKⅡα)neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex,as determined by whole-cell patch-clamp recording.Additionally,Bod1 deficiency decreased the power of highgamma oscillation,assessed by in vivo multi-channel electrophysiological recording.Furthermore,we found that Bod1 deficiency enhanced the inwardly rectifying K^(+)current,leading to an increase in the resting membrane potential of PV^(+)interneurons.Importantly,the gain-of-function of Bod1 improved social deficits and stereotypical behaviors in Pvalb-Cre;Bod1f/f mice.These findings provide mechanistic insights into the PV^(+)interneuron dysfunction and suggest new strategies for developing PV^(+)interneuron-targeted therapies for ASD.
文摘The face velocities of the high efficiency particulate air filters and the ultra low penetration airfilters in fan filter units (FFUs) have large relative standard deviation and turbulivity. It seriously affects the unidirectivity of the flow in the unidirectional flow clean zone and cleanroom. The cross contamination in this kind of unidirectional flow area is hardly controlled. It is significant to find optional method for keeping the face velocity uniformity of FFU and reducing the face velocity turbulivity of FFU, furthermore, to keep the cleanliness level under FFUs. The normal and easy method is to add flow rectifiers under filters. FFUs with various flow rectifiers have been tested. The uniformity and turbulivity of facevelocity under the FFU are presented in this paper. The influence of the facevelocity uniformity and turbulivity on the contamination boundary of the unidirectional flow is studiedas well.
文摘On the basis of detailed analysis of a novel harmonic counteracting method which can be used to effectively compensate the supply line harmonic currents of a passive single phase diode bridge rectifier, this paper presents two simpler single phase diode bridge rectifier configurations and their alternatives which can achieve low supply line current THD(total harmonic distortion) too. Moreover, this paper also proposes a few passive hamonic counteracting networks for multi single phase rectifiers which are connected in parallel.
