Global change threatens mountainous plant communities,causing habitat displacement.Phylogenetic studies reveal evolutionary and ecological processes in community assembly.We examined taxonomic and phylogenetic diversi...Global change threatens mountainous plant communities,causing habitat displacement.Phylogenetic studies reveal evolutionary and ecological processes in community assembly.We examined taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in Andean Páramos across altitudes.Our hypotheses were that increasing altitude is an environmental filter,as altitude is expected to be a stronger variable than soil depth.The Páramos,alpine vegetation in the Andes,range from 3,000 to 4,700 meters,with our plots spanning 3,200 to 4,100 meters.Sampling was conducted at six altitudinal levels,measuring soil depth,taxonomic,and phylogenetic diversity.Data analysis employed multiple linear regressions and mixed-effects models to assess the effects of soil depth and altitude.We sampled 110 angiosperm species from 70 genera,30 families,and 18 orders.Asterales and Poales were prominent.Species richness generally decreased with altitude but increased at the summit.Soil depth affected species richness and taxonomic diversity,while altitude did not.Phylogenetic diversity increased with soil depth and decreased with altitude.Phylogenetic turnover increased with altitude differences.The hypothesis that increasing altitude intensifies environmental filtering in the altitudeadapted Páramos resulting in lower species richness and more clustered phylogenetic structures,was rejected.Although species richness,Shannon diversity,and Simpson diversity decreased initially with increasing altitude,this trend was not linear because the summit presented intermediate species richness.The hypothesis that altitude is a stronger explanatory variable than soil depth was also rejected.Despite expectations,taxonomic results did not support altitude as an environmental filter,but soil depth.Greater altitude differences increased beta phylogenetic dissimilarity,supporting niche conservatism.展开更多
目的探讨白花蛇舌草对Ramos细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法使用0、10、20、40 m L·L-1白花蛇舌草处理Ramos细胞24 h后收获细胞;采用细胞增殖检测试剂盒检测白花蛇舌草对Ramos细胞增殖的影响,并检测Ramos细胞线粒体膜电位的变化;流式...目的探讨白花蛇舌草对Ramos细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法使用0、10、20、40 m L·L-1白花蛇舌草处理Ramos细胞24 h后收获细胞;采用细胞增殖检测试剂盒检测白花蛇舌草对Ramos细胞增殖的影响,并检测Ramos细胞线粒体膜电位的变化;流式细胞术检测白花蛇舌草对Ramos细胞凋亡的影响,并检测Ramos细胞中caspase-3、caspase-9活性的变化;Western blot法检测Ramos细胞Bax、Bcl-2蛋白的表达。结果细胞增殖实验结果证明白花蛇舌草处理的Ramos细胞增殖受到明显抑制;20、40 m L·L-1白花蛇舌草干预Ramos细胞24 h后,Ramos细胞线粒体膜电位低于0 m L·L-1(P<0.05,P<0.01);流式细胞术检测结果表明细胞凋亡增加;与0 m L·L-1白花蛇舌草比较,20 m L·L-1白花蛇舌草处理Ramos细胞24 h,caspase-3和caspase-9活性增加了96%和37%(P<0.05),40 m L·L-1白花蛇舌草处理Ramos细胞24 h,caspase-3和caspase-9活性增加了148%和115%(P<0.01)。Western blot法证实Bax蛋白表达量增强,而Bcl-2蛋白表达量减弱,且呈现一定程度的剂量依赖性。结论白花蛇舌草可通过活化调控胱天蛋白依赖的线粒体途径,诱导Ramos细胞凋亡。展开更多
The occlusal force and masticatory efficiency in twenty-one patients (mandibular prognathism =11, mandibular retrognathism = 10) undergone sagittal split
China and Cuba established diplomatic relations on Sept 28,1960,making Cuba the first country in Latin America and the Western Hemisphere to forge diplomatic ties with China.Since then,the two countries have maintaine...China and Cuba established diplomatic relations on Sept 28,1960,making Cuba the first country in Latin America and the Western Hemisphere to forge diplomatic ties with China.Since then,the two countries have maintained friendly exchanges.Mr Ambassador,what do you think is the best way for China and Cuba to carry out practical cooperation in various fields under the new situation where China has put forward the initiative of jointly building One Belt and One Road?展开更多
AT the end of the UN Fourth World Conference on Women, Leticia Ramos Shahani, a Senator of the Philippines, gave a speech on behalf of the Group of 77 and China. Ms. Shahani said this Conference proves one fact, that ...AT the end of the UN Fourth World Conference on Women, Leticia Ramos Shahani, a Senator of the Philippines, gave a speech on behalf of the Group of 77 and China. Ms. Shahani said this Conference proves one fact, that the fate of women has a great bearing On world development. She hopes the Platform展开更多
基金the Botany Graduate Program of Universidade Federal de Vicosa - PPGBot-UFV for the infrastructure and scholarshipsprovided by FAPEMIG (FORTIS/PPGBot-UFV, PPM00584-16, APQ-01309-16)+1 种基金CAPES (PROAP and Pr Int/PPGBot-UFV)CNPq (307591/2016-6, 306335/2020-4)
文摘Global change threatens mountainous plant communities,causing habitat displacement.Phylogenetic studies reveal evolutionary and ecological processes in community assembly.We examined taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in Andean Páramos across altitudes.Our hypotheses were that increasing altitude is an environmental filter,as altitude is expected to be a stronger variable than soil depth.The Páramos,alpine vegetation in the Andes,range from 3,000 to 4,700 meters,with our plots spanning 3,200 to 4,100 meters.Sampling was conducted at six altitudinal levels,measuring soil depth,taxonomic,and phylogenetic diversity.Data analysis employed multiple linear regressions and mixed-effects models to assess the effects of soil depth and altitude.We sampled 110 angiosperm species from 70 genera,30 families,and 18 orders.Asterales and Poales were prominent.Species richness generally decreased with altitude but increased at the summit.Soil depth affected species richness and taxonomic diversity,while altitude did not.Phylogenetic diversity increased with soil depth and decreased with altitude.Phylogenetic turnover increased with altitude differences.The hypothesis that increasing altitude intensifies environmental filtering in the altitudeadapted Páramos resulting in lower species richness and more clustered phylogenetic structures,was rejected.Although species richness,Shannon diversity,and Simpson diversity decreased initially with increasing altitude,this trend was not linear because the summit presented intermediate species richness.The hypothesis that altitude is a stronger explanatory variable than soil depth was also rejected.Despite expectations,taxonomic results did not support altitude as an environmental filter,but soil depth.Greater altitude differences increased beta phylogenetic dissimilarity,supporting niche conservatism.
文摘目的探讨白花蛇舌草对Ramos细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法使用0、10、20、40 m L·L-1白花蛇舌草处理Ramos细胞24 h后收获细胞;采用细胞增殖检测试剂盒检测白花蛇舌草对Ramos细胞增殖的影响,并检测Ramos细胞线粒体膜电位的变化;流式细胞术检测白花蛇舌草对Ramos细胞凋亡的影响,并检测Ramos细胞中caspase-3、caspase-9活性的变化;Western blot法检测Ramos细胞Bax、Bcl-2蛋白的表达。结果细胞增殖实验结果证明白花蛇舌草处理的Ramos细胞增殖受到明显抑制;20、40 m L·L-1白花蛇舌草干预Ramos细胞24 h后,Ramos细胞线粒体膜电位低于0 m L·L-1(P<0.05,P<0.01);流式细胞术检测结果表明细胞凋亡增加;与0 m L·L-1白花蛇舌草比较,20 m L·L-1白花蛇舌草处理Ramos细胞24 h,caspase-3和caspase-9活性增加了96%和37%(P<0.05),40 m L·L-1白花蛇舌草处理Ramos细胞24 h,caspase-3和caspase-9活性增加了148%和115%(P<0.01)。Western blot法证实Bax蛋白表达量增强,而Bcl-2蛋白表达量减弱,且呈现一定程度的剂量依赖性。结论白花蛇舌草可通过活化调控胱天蛋白依赖的线粒体途径,诱导Ramos细胞凋亡。
文摘China and Cuba established diplomatic relations on Sept 28,1960,making Cuba the first country in Latin America and the Western Hemisphere to forge diplomatic ties with China.Since then,the two countries have maintained friendly exchanges.Mr Ambassador,what do you think is the best way for China and Cuba to carry out practical cooperation in various fields under the new situation where China has put forward the initiative of jointly building One Belt and One Road?
文摘AT the end of the UN Fourth World Conference on Women, Leticia Ramos Shahani, a Senator of the Philippines, gave a speech on behalf of the Group of 77 and China. Ms. Shahani said this Conference proves one fact, that the fate of women has a great bearing On world development. She hopes the Platform
