BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)using implants with a high level of constraint has generally been recommended for patients with osteoarthritis(OA)who have valgus alignment.However,studies have reported favorabl...BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)using implants with a high level of constraint has generally been recommended for patients with osteoarthritis(OA)who have valgus alignment.However,studies have reported favorable outcomes even with cruciate-retaining(CR)implants.AIM To evaluate the coronal plane stability of CR-TKA in patients with valgus OA at the mid-term follow-up.METHODS Patients with primary valgus OA of the knee who underwent TKA from January 2014 to January 2021 were evaluated through stress radiography using a digital stress device with 100 N of force on both the medial and lateral side.Gap openings and degrees of angulation change were determined.Descriptive statistical analysis was performed for both continuous and categorical variables.Inter-rater reliability of the radiographic measurements was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha.RESULTS This study included 25 patients(28 knees)with a mean preoperative mechanical valgus axis of 11.3(3.6-27.3)degrees.The mean follow-up duration was 3.4(1.04-7.4)years.Stress radiographs showed a median varus and valgus gap opening of 1.6(IQR 0.6-3.0)mm and 1.7(IQR 1.3-2.3)mm and varus and valgus angulation changes of 2.5(IQR 1.3-4.8)degrees and 2.3(IQR 2.0-3.6)degrees,respectively.No clinical signs of instability,implant loosening,or revision due to instability were observed throughout this case series.CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that using CR-TKA for patients with valgus OA of the knee promoted excellent coronal plane stability.展开更多
BACKGROUND Stress radiographs have demonstrated superior efficacy in the evaluation of ankle instability.AIM To determine if there is a degree of instability evidenced by stress radiographs that is associated with pat...BACKGROUND Stress radiographs have demonstrated superior efficacy in the evaluation of ankle instability.AIM To determine if there is a degree of instability evidenced by stress radiographs that is associated with pathology concomitant with ankle ligamentous instability.METHODS A retrospective review of 87 consecutive patients aged 18-74 who had stress radiographs performed at a single institution between 2014 and 2020 was performed.These manual radiographic stress views were then correlated with magnetic resonance imaging and operative findings.RESULTS A statistically significant association was determined for the mean and median stress radiographic values and the presence of peroneal pathology(P=0.008 for tendonitis and P=0.020 for peroneal tendon tears).A significant inverse relationship was found between the presence of an osteochondral defect and increasing degrees of instability(P=0.043).CONCLUSION Although valuable in the clinical evaluation of ankle instability,stress radiographs are not an independent predictor of conditions associated with ankle in-stability.展开更多
A complete and detail method is described to get digitally reconstructed radiographs （DRRs）. Casting rays to traverse CT images, computing CT values of resample points by interpolation, then converting CT value to i...A complete and detail method is described to get digitally reconstructed radiographs （DRRs）. Casting rays to traverse CT images, computing CT values of resample points by interpolation, then converting CT value to its attenuation coefficient by using simplified segment function. Finally, DRRs enhancement is made to get the better display of region of interest （ROI）, and a new way is adopted to adjust the customization coefficient. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective in generating the satisfied DRRs.展开更多
Accurate registration of chest radiographs plays an increasingly important role in medical applications.However, most current intensity-based registration methods rely on the assumption of intensity conservation that ...Accurate registration of chest radiographs plays an increasingly important role in medical applications.However, most current intensity-based registration methods rely on the assumption of intensity conservation that is not suitable for alignment of chest radiographs. In this study, we propose a novel algorithm to match chest radiographs, for which the conventional residual complexity(RC) is modified as the similarity measure and the cubic B-spline transformation is adopted for displacement estimation. The modified similarity measure is allowed to incorporate the neighborhood influence into variation of intensity in a justified manner of the weight, while the transformation is implemented with a registration framework of pyramid structure. The results show that the proposed algorithm is more accurate in registration of chest radiographs, compared with some widely used methods such as the sum-of-squared-differences(SSD), correlation coefficient(CC) and mutual information(MI)algorithms, as well as the conventional RC approaches.展开更多
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of coronoid process hyperplasia(CPH)is usually based on symptoms and radiological imaging.Because of its similar symptoms,it can be confused with temporomandibular joint diseases.Therefore,an ...BACKGROUND The diagnosis of coronoid process hyperplasia(CPH)is usually based on symptoms and radiological imaging.Because of its similar symptoms,it can be confused with temporomandibular joint diseases.Therefore,an objective and reproducible way of diagnosis should be determined.AIM To investigate CPH using Levandoski analysis on panoramic radiographs to determine its prevalence.METHODS A total of 300 panoramic radiograph images(600 coronoid processes)were examined.Having measured the Condyle-Gonion(Cd-Go)and Coronoid-Gonion(Cor-Go)distances,the Cor-Go:Cd-Go ratio was calculated for the left and right sides of each image.RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in Cd-Go and Cor-Go distances between male and female participants(P<0.001).There was no statistically significant relationship between Cor-Go:Cd-Go ratios and gender(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Cd-Go and Cor-Go distances were statistically significantly increased in males on both the left and right sides.The ratio of Cor-Go:Cd-Go was preserved in both genders.The prevalence of CPH was found to be 0.3%.展开更多
Objective To evaluate and reduce inter-observer variations in the detection and characterization of pulmonary nodules on digital radiograph （DR） chest images. Methods Two hundreds and thirty-two new posterior-anteri...Objective To evaluate and reduce inter-observer variations in the detection and characterization of pulmonary nodules on digital radiograph （DR） chest images. Methods Two hundreds and thirty-two new posterior-anterior DR chest images were collected from out-patient screening patients. Consensus was reached by two experienced radiologists on the marking, rating, and segmentation of small actionable nodules ranged from 5 to 15 mm in diameter using a computer-aided diagnosis （CAD） system. Both their own nodule findings and the computer＇s automatic nodule detection results were analyzed to make the consensus. Nodules identified together with corresponding likelihood rating and segmentation results were referred as ＂Gold Stand- ard＂. Two un-experienced radiologists were asked to first mark and characterize suspicious nodules independently, then were allowed to consult the computer nodule detection results and change their decisions. Results Large inter-observer variations in pulmonary nodule identification and characterization on DR chest images were observed between un-experienced radiologists. Un-expefienced radiologists could greatly benefit from the CAD system, including substantial decrease of inter-observer variation and improvement of nodule detection rates. Moreover, radiologists with different levels of skillfulness could achieve similar high level performance after using the CAD system. Conclusion The CAD system shows a high potential for providing a valuable assistance to the examination of DR chest images.展开更多
An instrument used for quantitative assessment of trabecular structure of radius on radiograph including trabecular number and trabecular width was developed using a microdensitometer and a single-chip microcomputer. ...An instrument used for quantitative assessment of trabecular structure of radius on radiograph including trabecular number and trabecular width was developed using a microdensitometer and a single-chip microcomputer. The device is characterized by its high sensitivity, good reproducibility, convenience and economy. The results obtained with the instrument were significantly correlated to actual bone mineral content, This device can be used for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, fluorosis, rickets and bone damages caused by cadmium.展开更多
Worldwide, lung cancer is the leading cause of mortalitydue to malignancy. The vast majority of cases of lung cancer are smoking related and the most effective way of reducing lung cancer incidence and mortality is by...Worldwide, lung cancer is the leading cause of mortalitydue to malignancy. The vast majority of cases of lung cancer are smoking related and the most effective way of reducing lung cancer incidence and mortality is by smoking cessation. In the Western world, smoking cessation policies have met with limited success. The other major means of reducing lung cancer deaths is to diagnose cases at an earlier more treatable stage employing screening programmes using chest radiographs or low dose computed tomography. In many countries smoking is still on the increase, and the sheer scale of the problem limits the affordability of such screening programmes. This short review article will evaluate the current evidence and potential areas of research which may benefit policy making across the world.展开更多
BACKGROUND The goal of treatment for pediatric idiopathic clubfoot is to enable the patient to comfortably walk on his or her soles without pain.However,currently accepted treatment protocols are not always successful...BACKGROUND The goal of treatment for pediatric idiopathic clubfoot is to enable the patient to comfortably walk on his or her soles without pain.However,currently accepted treatment protocols are not always successful.Based on the abnormal bone alignment reported in this disease,some studies have noted a correlation between radiographic characteristics and outcome,but this correlation remains debated.AIM To assess the correlation between immediately postoperative radiographic parameters and functional outcomes and to identify which best predicts functional outcome.METHODS To predict the outcome and prevent early failure of the Ponseti’s method,we used a simple radiographic method to predict outcome.Our study included newborns with idiopathic clubfoot treated with Ponseti’s protocol from November 2018 to August 2022.After Achilles tenotomy and a long leg cast were applied,the surgeon obtained a single lateral radiograph.Radiographic parameters included the tibiocalcaneal angle(TiCal),talocalcaneal angle(TaCal),talofirst metatarsal angle(Ta1st)and tibiotalar angle(TiTa).During the follow-up period,the Dimeglio score and functional score were examined 1 year after surgery.Additionally,recurring events were reported.The correlation between functional score and radiographic characteristics was analyzed using sample and multiple logistic regression,and the optimal predictor was also identified.RESULTS In total,54 feet received approximately 8 manipulations of casting and Achilles tenotomy at a mean age of 149 days.The average TiCal,TaCal,Ta1st,and TiTa angles were 75.24,28.96,7.61,and 107.31 degrees,respectively.After 12 mo of follow up,we found 66%excellent-to-good and 33.3%fair-to-poor functional outcomes.The Dimeglio score significantly worsened in the poor outcome group(P value<0.001).Tical and TaCal showed significant differences between each functional outcome(P value<0.05),and the TiCal strongly correlated with outcome,with a smaller angle indicating a better outcome,each 1 degree decrease improved the functional outcome by 10 percent.The diagnostic test revealed that a TiCal angle of 70 degrees predicts an inferior functional outcome.CONCLUSION The TiCal,derived from lateral radiographs immediately after Achilles tenotomy,can predict functional outcome at 1 year postoperatively,justifying its use for screening patients who need very close follow-up.展开更多
Objective:To introduce primary experience of clinical applications of successive spot radiographs in esophagography for the diagnosis of early esophageal cancer(EEC). Methods: Six patients with EEC were examined and ...Objective:To introduce primary experience of clinical applications of successive spot radiographs in esophagography for the diagnosis of early esophageal cancer(EEC). Methods: Six patients with EEC were examined and diagnosed by a digital X-ray machine.According to the routine double contrast study of esophagus,the patient gulped a barium suspension in the upright position when the successive films were taken by 2 frames per second lasting for about 10 seconds.Various phases were obtained including barium-filled views,mucosal relief views and double contrast views. Results: Functional changes and abnormal mucosal folds of esophagus were present on successive spot radiographs of esophagography in patients with EEC and those patients with EEC were confirmed by endoscopic and pathologic findings.Four patients had mild loss of distensibility,2 patients had spasmodic contraction and 1 patient had barium retention.Thickened or interrupted folds were found in all cases.Little niches were detected in 5 of 6 patients. Conclusion: Evidence presented in barium studies of esophagus is more comprehensive and intact for the diagnosis of EEC when successive spot radiographs are employed.Functional changes of esophagus are more evident with this approach.展开更多
Background: It has been suggested that hypertrophic eminence on the medial head of the first metatarsal is a component of the patho-anatomy of hallux valgus. However, research findings in this area are inconsistent, p...Background: It has been suggested that hypertrophic eminence on the medial head of the first metatarsal is a component of the patho-anatomy of hallux valgus. However, research findings in this area are inconsistent, possibly due to differences in methods in identifying and measuring the medial eminence. To date, reliability of any method of measurement has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of measurement of the medial eminence on medial oblique and dorsoplantar radiographs using a previously described geometric technique. Methods: To evaluate the reliability of a method of measurement of the medial eminence of the first metatarsal duplicate standardized dorsoplantar and medial oblique radiographs were taken of one foot of 15 subjects. The feet included both rectus feet and subjects with hallux valgus. The medial eminence was measured on the digital images using Inteleviewer 2.5 (Intelerad medical systems incorporated, Montreal, Quebec) software. Observer 1 measured one randomly selected image from each subject to determine inter-observer reliability. Observer 2 measured all images to determine the overall intraobserver reliability. Reliability was calculated using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Results: The mean projection of the medial eminence ranged from 0.39 to 0.44 cm in both views. The ICCs were calculated for the dorsoplantar view and the 2 medial oblique view measures between observers. They ranged from 0.76 intra-rater and 0.86 interrater in the dorsoplantar view to 0.80 intra-rater and 0.90 inter-rater in the medial oblique view indicating good reliability in all measures. The average of the 4 oblique views also showed a high level of reliability with a coefficient of 0.96. Conclusions: The medial eminence can be reliably measured in the medial oblique and dorsoplantar view using the described technique. The medial oblique and the dorsoplantar views are valuable and reliable projections for visualising the dorso medial aspect of the first metatarsal.展开更多
Routine postoperative radiographs after surgical fixation of pediatric distal-radius fractures have long been part of standard care.Yet growing evidence shows that these images rarely change management in stable cases...Routine postoperative radiographs after surgical fixation of pediatric distal-radius fractures have long been part of standard care.Yet growing evidence shows that these images rarely change management in stable cases,adding unnecessary cost,radiation exposure,and clinical burden.A recent study highlights this issue and questions whether routine imaging truly benefits patient outcomes.As orthopedic care shifts toward more patient-centered and value-driven models,there is increasing support for the judicious use of radiographs,reserving imaging for cases where clinical examination or patient symptoms suggest a potential problem.This shift would reflect a broader movement within orthopedic practice:Aligning tradition with necessity,and optimizing care based on evidence rather than habit.展开更多
The study has collected a set of clinical materials such as extension-flexion dynamic lum-bar spine radiographs and computerized x-ray tornography of lumbar spine and quantified physical exami-nation from 32 patients ...The study has collected a set of clinical materials such as extension-flexion dynamic lum-bar spine radiographs and computerized x-ray tornography of lumbar spine and quantified physical exami-nation from 32 patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, who had gone through a suocessful con-servative treatment. The collection was conducted twice before and after the treatment. With the help oft-test and linear correlation analysis, the study suggests that extensionflexion radiograph of lumbar spineis of important clinical significance in weighing the clinical state of an individual patient, especially forthose who receive conservative treatment. The study emphasizes that the biomechanical disturbance oflumbar spinal column may be from another important pathological element along with the irritation of thenerve root by herniated disc tissue in the pathomechanics of lumbar disc herniation. There is also somediscussion of the computerized X-ray tomography diagnosis in this study. Above all, the author provides anew angle of viewing the trouble by one of the soul principles of traditional Chinese medicine: concept ofholistics .展开更多
Intertrochanteric fractures,prevalent among older adults,pose significant clinical challenges due to high morbidity,mortality,and complication rates.Despite advancements in surgical methods and implant technology,one-...Intertrochanteric fractures,prevalent among older adults,pose significant clinical challenges due to high morbidity,mortality,and complication rates.Despite advancements in surgical methods and implant technology,one-year mortality remains between 20%and 30%,with up to 20%of survivors requiring revision surgery due to mechanical complications.Accurate fracture reduction and precise implant positioning are critical determinants of successful outcomes.This review synthesizes current literature on key radiographic parameters essential for evaluating fracture reduction quality and implant placement in intertrochanteric fracture fixation.Standardized intraoperative imaging techniques,such as correct anteroposterior and lateral fluoroscopic views,are fundamental for identifying malalignment.Important radiographic measures include the neck shaft angle,greater trochanter orthogonal line,anterior cortical line,and calcar displacement assessment.Reduction quality indices,notably the Baumgaertner and Chang Reduction Quality Criteria,provide reliable frameworks for predicting mechanical complications.Additionally,implant positioning parameters—including tip-apex distance,Calcar-referenced tip-apex distance,Cleveland zones,and Parker’s ratio index—are discussed as predictors of mechanical complications.Enhanced understanding and application of these radiographic criteria can improve surgical precision,reduce complications,and ultimately optimize patient outcomes in intertrochanteric fracture management.展开更多
Mucopolysaccharidoses(MPS)encompass a spectrum of inherited lysosomal storage disorders caused by deficiencies in enzymes required for glycosami-noglycan(GAG)degradation.These enzymatic deficits lead to GAG accumulati...Mucopolysaccharidoses(MPS)encompass a spectrum of inherited lysosomal storage disorders caused by deficiencies in enzymes required for glycosami-noglycan(GAG)degradation.These enzymatic deficits lead to GAG accumulation within lysosomes,resulting in progressive multiorgan damage,with skeletal ab-normalities prominently affecting diagnostic imaging.Radiologists play a crucial role in identifying characteristic skeletal changes,including skull defor-mities like J-shaped sella turcica,cranial thickening,spinal abnormalities such as odontoid hypoplasia and kyphosis,and unique thoracic and pelvic malformations.This review synthesizes radiographic findings across MPS subtypes,underscoring the importance of early diagnosis and continual imaging to monitor disease progre-ssion,particularly in the context of enzyme replacement therapy(ERT).While ERT offers symptom stabilization,it provides limited reversal of established structural abnormalities.Comprehensive radiographic assessment remains in-dispensable for guiding both symptomatic management and potential surgical intervention,thereby enhancing clinical outcomes for MPS patients.展开更多
Objective:Deep learning(DL)has become the prevailing method in chest radiograph analysis,yet its performance heavily depends on large quantities of annotated images.To mitigate the cost,cold-start active learning(AL),...Objective:Deep learning(DL)has become the prevailing method in chest radiograph analysis,yet its performance heavily depends on large quantities of annotated images.To mitigate the cost,cold-start active learning(AL),comprising an initialization followed by subsequent learning,selects a small subset of informative data points for labeling.Recent advancements in pretrained models by supervised or self-supervised learning tailored to chest radiograph have shown broad applicability to diverse downstream tasks.However,their potential in cold-start AL remains unexplored.Methods:To validate the efficacy of domain-specific pretraining,we compared two foundation models:supervised TXRV and self-supervised REMEDIS with their general domain counterparts pretrained on ImageNet.Model performance was evaluated at both initialization and subsequent learning stages on two diagnostic tasks:psychiatric pneumonia and COVID-19.For initialization,we assessed their integration with three strategies:diversity,uncertainty,and hybrid sampling.For subsequent learning,we focused on uncertainty sampling powered by different pretrained models.We also conducted statistical tests to compare the foundation models with ImageNet counterparts,investigate the relationship between initialization and subsequent learning,examine the performance of one-shot initialization against the full AL process,and investigate the influence of class balance in initialization samples on initialization and subsequent learning.Results:First,domain-specific foundation models failed to outperform ImageNet counterparts in six out of eight experiments on informative sample selection.Both domain-specific and general pretrained models were unable to generate representations that could substitute for the original images as model inputs in seven of the eight scenarios.However,pretrained model-based initialization surpassed random sampling,the default approach in cold-start AL.Second,initialization performance was positively correlated with subsequent learning performance,highlighting the importance of initialization strategies.Third,one-shot initialization performed comparably to the full AL process,demonstrating the potential of reducing experts'repeated waiting during AL iterations.Last,a U-shaped correlation was observed between the class balance of initialization samples and model performance,suggesting that the class balance is more strongly associated with performance at middle budget levels than at low or high budgets.Conclusions:In this study,we highlighted the limitations of medical pretraining compared to general pretraining in the context of cold-start AL.We also identified promising outcomes related to cold-start AL,including initialization based on pretrained models,the positive influence of initialization on subsequent learning,the potential for one-shot initialization,and the influence of class balance on middle-budget AL.Researchers are encouraged to improve medical pretraining for versatile DL foundations and explore novel AL methods.展开更多
Badk ground:The role of cardiothoracic ratio(CTR)from the chest radiograph for assessmentof ventricular enlargement and function in rpaired tetralogy of Fallot(TOF)is conflicting.This study aimnedto determnine the ass...Badk ground:The role of cardiothoracic ratio(CTR)from the chest radiograph for assessmentof ventricular enlargement and function in rpaired tetralogy of Fallot(TOF)is conflicting.This study aimnedto determnine the associations between CTR and cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR)-derived ventricularvolumes and indices of ventricular function in adolescents and young adults with repaired TOF.Methods:The CTR and CMR findings,performed within 12 months of each other,were reviewed in 76 patients aged22.1±6.4 years.Associations between CTR and CMR parameters including right(RV)and left ventricular(LV)volumes and ejecticn fraction were determined.Diagnostic accuracies of CTR in identify ing moderateto severe RV or LV dilation were assessed by calculation of area under the receiver operator characteristiccurves(AUC),Results:Patients with normal CTR and those with increased CTR>0.5 had simnilar right andleft ventricular volumes,ejection fraction,and pulmonary regurgitant fraction(all p>0.05),There wereno significant oorrelations between CTR and RV end-diastolic(r=0.06,p=0.65)and end-systolic(r=0.06,=0.65)volumes,LV end-diastolic(=0.23,p=0.08)and end-systolic(r=0.18,p=0.16)volumes,and LV(r=—0.07,p=0.60)and RV(r<-0.01,p=0.97)ejection fraction.The CTR failed to distinguish betweenpatients with moderate to severe RV(AUC0.50)or LV(AUC 0.46)dilation from patients without ventriculardilation.Condlusions:The CTR based on the chest radiograph failed to reflect dilation or raduced ejectionfraction of either the right or the left ventricle in adolescents and young adults with repaired TOF.展开更多
Gamma-ray imaging systems are powerful tools in radiographic diagnosis.However,the recorded images suffer from degradations such as noise,blurring,and downsampling,consequently failing to meet high-precision diagnosti...Gamma-ray imaging systems are powerful tools in radiographic diagnosis.However,the recorded images suffer from degradations such as noise,blurring,and downsampling,consequently failing to meet high-precision diagnostic requirements.In this paper,we propose a novel single-image super-resolution algorithm to enhance the spatial resolution of gamma-ray imaging systems.A mathematical model of the gamma-ray imaging system is established based on maximum a posteriori estimation.Within the plug-and-play framework,the half-quadratic splitting method is employed to decouple the data fidelit term and the regularization term.An image denoiser using convolutional neural networks is adopted as an implicit image prior,referred to as a deep denoiser prior,eliminating the need to explicitly design a regularization term.Furthermore,the impact of the image boundary condition on reconstruction results is considered,and a method for estimating image boundaries is introduced.The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively addresses boundary artifacts.By increasing the pixel number of the reconstructed images,the proposed algorithm is capable of recovering more details.Notably,in both simulation and real experiments,the proposed algorithm is demonstrated to achieve subpixel resolution,surpassing the Nyquist sampling limit determined by the camera pixel size.展开更多
Background:Andersson lesions(ALs)are not uncommon in ankylosing spondylitis(AS).Plain radiography(PR)is widely used for the diagnosis of ALs.However,in our practice,there were some ALs in AS patients that could not be...Background:Andersson lesions(ALs)are not uncommon in ankylosing spondylitis(AS).Plain radiography(PR)is widely used for the diagnosis of ALs.However,in our practice,there were some ALs in AS patients that could not be detected on plain radiographs.This study aimed to propose the concept of occult ALs and evaluate the prevalence and radiographic characteristics of the occult ALs in AS patients.Methods:A total of 496 consecutive AS patients were admitted in the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital,Medical School of Nanjing University between April 2003 and November 2019 and they were retrospectively reviewed.The AS patients with ALs who met the following criteria were included for the investigation of occult ALs:(1)with pre-operative plain radiographs of the whole-spine and(2)availability of pre-operative computed tomography(CT)and/or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)of the whole-spine.The occult ALs were defined as the ALs which were undetectable on plain radiographs but could be detected by CT and/or MRI.The extensive ALs involved the whole discovertebral junction or manifested as destructive lesions throughout the vertebral body.Independent-samples t test was used to compare the age between the patients with only occult ALs and those with only detectable ALs.Chi-square or Fisher exact test was applied to compare the types,distribution,and radiographic characteristics between detectable and occult ALs as appropriate.Results:Ninety-two AS patients with a mean age of 44.4±10.1 years were included for the investigation of occult ALs.Twenty-three patients had occult ALs and the incidence was 25%(23/92).Fifteen extensive ALs were occult,and the proportion of extensive ALs was significantly higher in detectable ALs(97%vs.44%,χ^(2)=43.66,P<0.001).As assessed by PR,the proportions of osteolytic destruction with reactive sclerosis(0 vs.100%,χ^(2)=111.00,P<0.001),angular kyphosis of the affected discovertebral units or vertebral body(0 vs.22%,χ^(2)=8.86,P=0.003),formation of an osseous bridge at the intervertebral space adjacent to ALs caused by the ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament(38%vs.86%,χ^(2)=25.91,P<0.001),and an abnormal height of the affected intervertebral space were all significantly lower in occult ALs(9%vs.84%,χ^(2)=60.41,P<0.001).Conclusions:Occult ALs presented with more subtle radiographic changes.Occult ALs should not be neglected,especially in the case of extensive occult ALs,because the stability of the spine might be severely impaired by these lesions.展开更多
Panoramic radiographs can assist dentist to quickly evaluate patients’overall oral health status.The accurate detection and localization of tooth tissue on panoramic radiographs is the first step to identify patholog...Panoramic radiographs can assist dentist to quickly evaluate patients’overall oral health status.The accurate detection and localization of tooth tissue on panoramic radiographs is the first step to identify pathology,and also plays a key role in an automatic diagnosis system.However,the evaluation of panoramic radiographs depends on the clinical experience and knowledge of dentist,while the interpretation of panoramic radiographs might lead misdiagnosis.Therefore,it is of great significance to use artificial intelligence to segment teeth on panoramic radiographs.In this study,SWin-Unet,the transformer-based Ushaped encoder-decoder architecture with skip-connections,is introduced to perform panoramic radiograph segmentation.To well evaluate the tooth segmentation performance of SWin-Unet,the PLAGH-BH dataset is introduced for the research purpose.The performance is evaluated by F1 score,mean intersection and Union(IoU)and Acc,Compared with U-Net,Link-Net and FPN baselines,SWin-Unet performs much better in PLAGH-BH tooth segmentation dataset.These results indicate that SWin-Unet is more feasible on panoramic radiograph segmentation,and is valuable for the potential clinical application.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)using implants with a high level of constraint has generally been recommended for patients with osteoarthritis(OA)who have valgus alignment.However,studies have reported favorable outcomes even with cruciate-retaining(CR)implants.AIM To evaluate the coronal plane stability of CR-TKA in patients with valgus OA at the mid-term follow-up.METHODS Patients with primary valgus OA of the knee who underwent TKA from January 2014 to January 2021 were evaluated through stress radiography using a digital stress device with 100 N of force on both the medial and lateral side.Gap openings and degrees of angulation change were determined.Descriptive statistical analysis was performed for both continuous and categorical variables.Inter-rater reliability of the radiographic measurements was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha.RESULTS This study included 25 patients(28 knees)with a mean preoperative mechanical valgus axis of 11.3(3.6-27.3)degrees.The mean follow-up duration was 3.4(1.04-7.4)years.Stress radiographs showed a median varus and valgus gap opening of 1.6(IQR 0.6-3.0)mm and 1.7(IQR 1.3-2.3)mm and varus and valgus angulation changes of 2.5(IQR 1.3-4.8)degrees and 2.3(IQR 2.0-3.6)degrees,respectively.No clinical signs of instability,implant loosening,or revision due to instability were observed throughout this case series.CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that using CR-TKA for patients with valgus OA of the knee promoted excellent coronal plane stability.
文摘BACKGROUND Stress radiographs have demonstrated superior efficacy in the evaluation of ankle instability.AIM To determine if there is a degree of instability evidenced by stress radiographs that is associated with pathology concomitant with ankle ligamentous instability.METHODS A retrospective review of 87 consecutive patients aged 18-74 who had stress radiographs performed at a single institution between 2014 and 2020 was performed.These manual radiographic stress views were then correlated with magnetic resonance imaging and operative findings.RESULTS A statistically significant association was determined for the mean and median stress radiographic values and the presence of peroneal pathology(P=0.008 for tendonitis and P=0.020 for peroneal tendon tears).A significant inverse relationship was found between the presence of an osteochondral defect and increasing degrees of instability(P=0.043).CONCLUSION Although valuable in the clinical evaluation of ankle instability,stress radiographs are not an independent predictor of conditions associated with ankle in-stability.
基金Support by Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province (2008 C0013R)
文摘A complete and detail method is described to get digitally reconstructed radiographs （DRRs）. Casting rays to traverse CT images, computing CT values of resample points by interpolation, then converting CT value to its attenuation coefficient by using simplified segment function. Finally, DRRs enhancement is made to get the better display of region of interest （ROI）, and a new way is adopted to adjust the customization coefficient. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective in generating the satisfied DRRs.
基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.30918011104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61501241 and 61571230)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20150792)the Foundation of Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Computer assisted Surgery(No.SDKL-DMCAS-2018-04)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2015M570450)the Visiting Scholar Foundation of Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology(Chongqing University)of Ministry of Education(No.CQKLBST-2018-011)
文摘Accurate registration of chest radiographs plays an increasingly important role in medical applications.However, most current intensity-based registration methods rely on the assumption of intensity conservation that is not suitable for alignment of chest radiographs. In this study, we propose a novel algorithm to match chest radiographs, for which the conventional residual complexity(RC) is modified as the similarity measure and the cubic B-spline transformation is adopted for displacement estimation. The modified similarity measure is allowed to incorporate the neighborhood influence into variation of intensity in a justified manner of the weight, while the transformation is implemented with a registration framework of pyramid structure. The results show that the proposed algorithm is more accurate in registration of chest radiographs, compared with some widely used methods such as the sum-of-squared-differences(SSD), correlation coefficient(CC) and mutual information(MI)algorithms, as well as the conventional RC approaches.
文摘BACKGROUND The diagnosis of coronoid process hyperplasia(CPH)is usually based on symptoms and radiological imaging.Because of its similar symptoms,it can be confused with temporomandibular joint diseases.Therefore,an objective and reproducible way of diagnosis should be determined.AIM To investigate CPH using Levandoski analysis on panoramic radiographs to determine its prevalence.METHODS A total of 300 panoramic radiograph images(600 coronoid processes)were examined.Having measured the Condyle-Gonion(Cd-Go)and Coronoid-Gonion(Cor-Go)distances,the Cor-Go:Cd-Go ratio was calculated for the left and right sides of each image.RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in Cd-Go and Cor-Go distances between male and female participants(P<0.001).There was no statistically significant relationship between Cor-Go:Cd-Go ratios and gender(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Cd-Go and Cor-Go distances were statistically significantly increased in males on both the left and right sides.The ratio of Cor-Go:Cd-Go was preserved in both genders.The prevalence of CPH was found to be 0.3%.
文摘Objective To evaluate and reduce inter-observer variations in the detection and characterization of pulmonary nodules on digital radiograph （DR） chest images. Methods Two hundreds and thirty-two new posterior-anterior DR chest images were collected from out-patient screening patients. Consensus was reached by two experienced radiologists on the marking, rating, and segmentation of small actionable nodules ranged from 5 to 15 mm in diameter using a computer-aided diagnosis （CAD） system. Both their own nodule findings and the computer＇s automatic nodule detection results were analyzed to make the consensus. Nodules identified together with corresponding likelihood rating and segmentation results were referred as ＂Gold Stand- ard＂. Two un-experienced radiologists were asked to first mark and characterize suspicious nodules independently, then were allowed to consult the computer nodule detection results and change their decisions. Results Large inter-observer variations in pulmonary nodule identification and characterization on DR chest images were observed between un-experienced radiologists. Un-expefienced radiologists could greatly benefit from the CAD system, including substantial decrease of inter-observer variation and improvement of nodule detection rates. Moreover, radiologists with different levels of skillfulness could achieve similar high level performance after using the CAD system. Conclusion The CAD system shows a high potential for providing a valuable assistance to the examination of DR chest images.
文摘An instrument used for quantitative assessment of trabecular structure of radius on radiograph including trabecular number and trabecular width was developed using a microdensitometer and a single-chip microcomputer. The device is characterized by its high sensitivity, good reproducibility, convenience and economy. The results obtained with the instrument were significantly correlated to actual bone mineral content, This device can be used for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, fluorosis, rickets and bone damages caused by cadmium.
文摘Worldwide, lung cancer is the leading cause of mortalitydue to malignancy. The vast majority of cases of lung cancer are smoking related and the most effective way of reducing lung cancer incidence and mortality is by smoking cessation. In the Western world, smoking cessation policies have met with limited success. The other major means of reducing lung cancer deaths is to diagnose cases at an earlier more treatable stage employing screening programmes using chest radiographs or low dose computed tomography. In many countries smoking is still on the increase, and the sheer scale of the problem limits the affordability of such screening programmes. This short review article will evaluate the current evidence and potential areas of research which may benefit policy making across the world.
文摘BACKGROUND The goal of treatment for pediatric idiopathic clubfoot is to enable the patient to comfortably walk on his or her soles without pain.However,currently accepted treatment protocols are not always successful.Based on the abnormal bone alignment reported in this disease,some studies have noted a correlation between radiographic characteristics and outcome,but this correlation remains debated.AIM To assess the correlation between immediately postoperative radiographic parameters and functional outcomes and to identify which best predicts functional outcome.METHODS To predict the outcome and prevent early failure of the Ponseti’s method,we used a simple radiographic method to predict outcome.Our study included newborns with idiopathic clubfoot treated with Ponseti’s protocol from November 2018 to August 2022.After Achilles tenotomy and a long leg cast were applied,the surgeon obtained a single lateral radiograph.Radiographic parameters included the tibiocalcaneal angle(TiCal),talocalcaneal angle(TaCal),talofirst metatarsal angle(Ta1st)and tibiotalar angle(TiTa).During the follow-up period,the Dimeglio score and functional score were examined 1 year after surgery.Additionally,recurring events were reported.The correlation between functional score and radiographic characteristics was analyzed using sample and multiple logistic regression,and the optimal predictor was also identified.RESULTS In total,54 feet received approximately 8 manipulations of casting and Achilles tenotomy at a mean age of 149 days.The average TiCal,TaCal,Ta1st,and TiTa angles were 75.24,28.96,7.61,and 107.31 degrees,respectively.After 12 mo of follow up,we found 66%excellent-to-good and 33.3%fair-to-poor functional outcomes.The Dimeglio score significantly worsened in the poor outcome group(P value<0.001).Tical and TaCal showed significant differences between each functional outcome(P value<0.05),and the TiCal strongly correlated with outcome,with a smaller angle indicating a better outcome,each 1 degree decrease improved the functional outcome by 10 percent.The diagnostic test revealed that a TiCal angle of 70 degrees predicts an inferior functional outcome.CONCLUSION The TiCal,derived from lateral radiographs immediately after Achilles tenotomy,can predict functional outcome at 1 year postoperatively,justifying its use for screening patients who need very close follow-up.
文摘Objective:To introduce primary experience of clinical applications of successive spot radiographs in esophagography for the diagnosis of early esophageal cancer(EEC). Methods: Six patients with EEC were examined and diagnosed by a digital X-ray machine.According to the routine double contrast study of esophagus,the patient gulped a barium suspension in the upright position when the successive films were taken by 2 frames per second lasting for about 10 seconds.Various phases were obtained including barium-filled views,mucosal relief views and double contrast views. Results: Functional changes and abnormal mucosal folds of esophagus were present on successive spot radiographs of esophagography in patients with EEC and those patients with EEC were confirmed by endoscopic and pathologic findings.Four patients had mild loss of distensibility,2 patients had spasmodic contraction and 1 patient had barium retention.Thickened or interrupted folds were found in all cases.Little niches were detected in 5 of 6 patients. Conclusion: Evidence presented in barium studies of esophagus is more comprehensive and intact for the diagnosis of EEC when successive spot radiographs are employed.Functional changes of esophagus are more evident with this approach.
文摘Background: It has been suggested that hypertrophic eminence on the medial head of the first metatarsal is a component of the patho-anatomy of hallux valgus. However, research findings in this area are inconsistent, possibly due to differences in methods in identifying and measuring the medial eminence. To date, reliability of any method of measurement has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of measurement of the medial eminence on medial oblique and dorsoplantar radiographs using a previously described geometric technique. Methods: To evaluate the reliability of a method of measurement of the medial eminence of the first metatarsal duplicate standardized dorsoplantar and medial oblique radiographs were taken of one foot of 15 subjects. The feet included both rectus feet and subjects with hallux valgus. The medial eminence was measured on the digital images using Inteleviewer 2.5 (Intelerad medical systems incorporated, Montreal, Quebec) software. Observer 1 measured one randomly selected image from each subject to determine inter-observer reliability. Observer 2 measured all images to determine the overall intraobserver reliability. Reliability was calculated using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Results: The mean projection of the medial eminence ranged from 0.39 to 0.44 cm in both views. The ICCs were calculated for the dorsoplantar view and the 2 medial oblique view measures between observers. They ranged from 0.76 intra-rater and 0.86 interrater in the dorsoplantar view to 0.80 intra-rater and 0.90 inter-rater in the medial oblique view indicating good reliability in all measures. The average of the 4 oblique views also showed a high level of reliability with a coefficient of 0.96. Conclusions: The medial eminence can be reliably measured in the medial oblique and dorsoplantar view using the described technique. The medial oblique and the dorsoplantar views are valuable and reliable projections for visualising the dorso medial aspect of the first metatarsal.
文摘Routine postoperative radiographs after surgical fixation of pediatric distal-radius fractures have long been part of standard care.Yet growing evidence shows that these images rarely change management in stable cases,adding unnecessary cost,radiation exposure,and clinical burden.A recent study highlights this issue and questions whether routine imaging truly benefits patient outcomes.As orthopedic care shifts toward more patient-centered and value-driven models,there is increasing support for the judicious use of radiographs,reserving imaging for cases where clinical examination or patient symptoms suggest a potential problem.This shift would reflect a broader movement within orthopedic practice:Aligning tradition with necessity,and optimizing care based on evidence rather than habit.
文摘The study has collected a set of clinical materials such as extension-flexion dynamic lum-bar spine radiographs and computerized x-ray tornography of lumbar spine and quantified physical exami-nation from 32 patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, who had gone through a suocessful con-servative treatment. The collection was conducted twice before and after the treatment. With the help oft-test and linear correlation analysis, the study suggests that extensionflexion radiograph of lumbar spineis of important clinical significance in weighing the clinical state of an individual patient, especially forthose who receive conservative treatment. The study emphasizes that the biomechanical disturbance oflumbar spinal column may be from another important pathological element along with the irritation of thenerve root by herniated disc tissue in the pathomechanics of lumbar disc herniation. There is also somediscussion of the computerized X-ray tomography diagnosis in this study. Above all, the author provides anew angle of viewing the trouble by one of the soul principles of traditional Chinese medicine: concept ofholistics .
基金Supported by the Orthopaedic Research Foundation of Western Australia,Freie Akademische Gesellschaft Baseland Swiss Orthopaedics.
文摘Intertrochanteric fractures,prevalent among older adults,pose significant clinical challenges due to high morbidity,mortality,and complication rates.Despite advancements in surgical methods and implant technology,one-year mortality remains between 20%and 30%,with up to 20%of survivors requiring revision surgery due to mechanical complications.Accurate fracture reduction and precise implant positioning are critical determinants of successful outcomes.This review synthesizes current literature on key radiographic parameters essential for evaluating fracture reduction quality and implant placement in intertrochanteric fracture fixation.Standardized intraoperative imaging techniques,such as correct anteroposterior and lateral fluoroscopic views,are fundamental for identifying malalignment.Important radiographic measures include the neck shaft angle,greater trochanter orthogonal line,anterior cortical line,and calcar displacement assessment.Reduction quality indices,notably the Baumgaertner and Chang Reduction Quality Criteria,provide reliable frameworks for predicting mechanical complications.Additionally,implant positioning parameters—including tip-apex distance,Calcar-referenced tip-apex distance,Cleveland zones,and Parker’s ratio index—are discussed as predictors of mechanical complications.Enhanced understanding and application of these radiographic criteria can improve surgical precision,reduce complications,and ultimately optimize patient outcomes in intertrochanteric fracture management.
文摘Mucopolysaccharidoses(MPS)encompass a spectrum of inherited lysosomal storage disorders caused by deficiencies in enzymes required for glycosami-noglycan(GAG)degradation.These enzymatic deficits lead to GAG accumulation within lysosomes,resulting in progressive multiorgan damage,with skeletal ab-normalities prominently affecting diagnostic imaging.Radiologists play a crucial role in identifying characteristic skeletal changes,including skull defor-mities like J-shaped sella turcica,cranial thickening,spinal abnormalities such as odontoid hypoplasia and kyphosis,and unique thoracic and pelvic malformations.This review synthesizes radiographic findings across MPS subtypes,underscoring the importance of early diagnosis and continual imaging to monitor disease progre-ssion,particularly in the context of enzyme replacement therapy(ERT).While ERT offers symptom stabilization,it provides limited reversal of established structural abnormalities.Comprehensive radiographic assessment remains in-dispensable for guiding both symptomatic management and potential surgical intervention,thereby enhancing clinical outcomes for MPS patients.
文摘Objective:Deep learning(DL)has become the prevailing method in chest radiograph analysis,yet its performance heavily depends on large quantities of annotated images.To mitigate the cost,cold-start active learning(AL),comprising an initialization followed by subsequent learning,selects a small subset of informative data points for labeling.Recent advancements in pretrained models by supervised or self-supervised learning tailored to chest radiograph have shown broad applicability to diverse downstream tasks.However,their potential in cold-start AL remains unexplored.Methods:To validate the efficacy of domain-specific pretraining,we compared two foundation models:supervised TXRV and self-supervised REMEDIS with their general domain counterparts pretrained on ImageNet.Model performance was evaluated at both initialization and subsequent learning stages on two diagnostic tasks:psychiatric pneumonia and COVID-19.For initialization,we assessed their integration with three strategies:diversity,uncertainty,and hybrid sampling.For subsequent learning,we focused on uncertainty sampling powered by different pretrained models.We also conducted statistical tests to compare the foundation models with ImageNet counterparts,investigate the relationship between initialization and subsequent learning,examine the performance of one-shot initialization against the full AL process,and investigate the influence of class balance in initialization samples on initialization and subsequent learning.Results:First,domain-specific foundation models failed to outperform ImageNet counterparts in six out of eight experiments on informative sample selection.Both domain-specific and general pretrained models were unable to generate representations that could substitute for the original images as model inputs in seven of the eight scenarios.However,pretrained model-based initialization surpassed random sampling,the default approach in cold-start AL.Second,initialization performance was positively correlated with subsequent learning performance,highlighting the importance of initialization strategies.Third,one-shot initialization performed comparably to the full AL process,demonstrating the potential of reducing experts'repeated waiting during AL iterations.Last,a U-shaped correlation was observed between the class balance of initialization samples and model performance,suggesting that the class balance is more strongly associated with performance at middle budget levels than at low or high budgets.Conclusions:In this study,we highlighted the limitations of medical pretraining compared to general pretraining in the context of cold-start AL.We also identified promising outcomes related to cold-start AL,including initialization based on pretrained models,the positive influence of initialization on subsequent learning,the potential for one-shot initialization,and the influence of class balance on middle-budget AL.Researchers are encouraged to improve medical pretraining for versatile DL foundations and explore novel AL methods.
文摘Badk ground:The role of cardiothoracic ratio(CTR)from the chest radiograph for assessmentof ventricular enlargement and function in rpaired tetralogy of Fallot(TOF)is conflicting.This study aimnedto determnine the associations between CTR and cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR)-derived ventricularvolumes and indices of ventricular function in adolescents and young adults with repaired TOF.Methods:The CTR and CMR findings,performed within 12 months of each other,were reviewed in 76 patients aged22.1±6.4 years.Associations between CTR and CMR parameters including right(RV)and left ventricular(LV)volumes and ejecticn fraction were determined.Diagnostic accuracies of CTR in identify ing moderateto severe RV or LV dilation were assessed by calculation of area under the receiver operator characteristiccurves(AUC),Results:Patients with normal CTR and those with increased CTR>0.5 had simnilar right andleft ventricular volumes,ejection fraction,and pulmonary regurgitant fraction(all p>0.05),There wereno significant oorrelations between CTR and RV end-diastolic(r=0.06,p=0.65)and end-systolic(r=0.06,=0.65)volumes,LV end-diastolic(=0.23,p=0.08)and end-systolic(r=0.18,p=0.16)volumes,and LV(r=—0.07,p=0.60)and RV(r<-0.01,p=0.97)ejection fraction.The CTR failed to distinguish betweenpatients with moderate to severe RV(AUC0.50)or LV(AUC 0.46)dilation from patients without ventriculardilation.Condlusions:The CTR based on the chest radiograph failed to reflect dilation or raduced ejectionfraction of either the right or the left ventricle in adolescents and young adults with repaired TOF.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12175183)。
文摘Gamma-ray imaging systems are powerful tools in radiographic diagnosis.However,the recorded images suffer from degradations such as noise,blurring,and downsampling,consequently failing to meet high-precision diagnostic requirements.In this paper,we propose a novel single-image super-resolution algorithm to enhance the spatial resolution of gamma-ray imaging systems.A mathematical model of the gamma-ray imaging system is established based on maximum a posteriori estimation.Within the plug-and-play framework,the half-quadratic splitting method is employed to decouple the data fidelit term and the regularization term.An image denoiser using convolutional neural networks is adopted as an implicit image prior,referred to as a deep denoiser prior,eliminating the need to explicitly design a regularization term.Furthermore,the impact of the image boundary condition on reconstruction results is considered,and a method for estimating image boundaries is introduced.The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively addresses boundary artifacts.By increasing the pixel number of the reconstructed images,the proposed algorithm is capable of recovering more details.Notably,in both simulation and real experiments,the proposed algorithm is demonstrated to achieve subpixel resolution,surpassing the Nyquist sampling limit determined by the camera pixel size.
基金supported by grants from the Jiangsu Provincial Medical Talent Program(No.ZDRCA2016068)the Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Center(No.YXZXA2016009).
文摘Background:Andersson lesions(ALs)are not uncommon in ankylosing spondylitis(AS).Plain radiography(PR)is widely used for the diagnosis of ALs.However,in our practice,there were some ALs in AS patients that could not be detected on plain radiographs.This study aimed to propose the concept of occult ALs and evaluate the prevalence and radiographic characteristics of the occult ALs in AS patients.Methods:A total of 496 consecutive AS patients were admitted in the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital,Medical School of Nanjing University between April 2003 and November 2019 and they were retrospectively reviewed.The AS patients with ALs who met the following criteria were included for the investigation of occult ALs:(1)with pre-operative plain radiographs of the whole-spine and(2)availability of pre-operative computed tomography(CT)and/or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)of the whole-spine.The occult ALs were defined as the ALs which were undetectable on plain radiographs but could be detected by CT and/or MRI.The extensive ALs involved the whole discovertebral junction or manifested as destructive lesions throughout the vertebral body.Independent-samples t test was used to compare the age between the patients with only occult ALs and those with only detectable ALs.Chi-square or Fisher exact test was applied to compare the types,distribution,and radiographic characteristics between detectable and occult ALs as appropriate.Results:Ninety-two AS patients with a mean age of 44.4±10.1 years were included for the investigation of occult ALs.Twenty-three patients had occult ALs and the incidence was 25%(23/92).Fifteen extensive ALs were occult,and the proportion of extensive ALs was significantly higher in detectable ALs(97%vs.44%,χ^(2)=43.66,P<0.001).As assessed by PR,the proportions of osteolytic destruction with reactive sclerosis(0 vs.100%,χ^(2)=111.00,P<0.001),angular kyphosis of the affected discovertebral units or vertebral body(0 vs.22%,χ^(2)=8.86,P=0.003),formation of an osseous bridge at the intervertebral space adjacent to ALs caused by the ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament(38%vs.86%,χ^(2)=25.91,P<0.001),and an abnormal height of the affected intervertebral space were all significantly lower in occult ALs(9%vs.84%,χ^(2)=60.41,P<0.001).Conclusions:Occult ALs presented with more subtle radiographic changes.Occult ALs should not be neglected,especially in the case of extensive occult ALs,because the stability of the spine might be severely impaired by these lesions.
文摘Panoramic radiographs can assist dentist to quickly evaluate patients’overall oral health status.The accurate detection and localization of tooth tissue on panoramic radiographs is the first step to identify pathology,and also plays a key role in an automatic diagnosis system.However,the evaluation of panoramic radiographs depends on the clinical experience and knowledge of dentist,while the interpretation of panoramic radiographs might lead misdiagnosis.Therefore,it is of great significance to use artificial intelligence to segment teeth on panoramic radiographs.In this study,SWin-Unet,the transformer-based Ushaped encoder-decoder architecture with skip-connections,is introduced to perform panoramic radiograph segmentation.To well evaluate the tooth segmentation performance of SWin-Unet,the PLAGH-BH dataset is introduced for the research purpose.The performance is evaluated by F1 score,mean intersection and Union(IoU)and Acc,Compared with U-Net,Link-Net and FPN baselines,SWin-Unet performs much better in PLAGH-BH tooth segmentation dataset.These results indicate that SWin-Unet is more feasible on panoramic radiograph segmentation,and is valuable for the potential clinical application.
