The importance of cost engineering budget in the process of engineering construction is self-evident. In the process of project cost construction, it is often affected by external factors such as labor, materials, mac...The importance of cost engineering budget in the process of engineering construction is self-evident. In the process of project cost construction, it is often affected by external factors such as labor, materials, machinery and equipment, which results in budget results exceeding the actual project cost, reducing the accuracy of cost budget and bringing great negative impact to construction. Therefore, the budget personnel should go deep into the market and the construction site, comprehensively investigate the variable factors from the reality, and adjust the cost budget plan in time to prevent the phenomenon that the expenditure exceeds the income, so as to create higher economic benefits for the enterprise.展开更多
In the process of general project construction, the implementation of engineering budget management, can for the long-term development of construction units and improve construction quality has very positive rent, so ...In the process of general project construction, the implementation of engineering budget management, can for the long-term development of construction units and improve construction quality has very positive rent, so by the managers, the current conditions of the project budget management has its unique function and economic value, but also in improving the experience management water is playing a more and more important role. How to more accurately implement the project budget, ensure that no problems in the actual construction process, vigorously correct some problems in the preparation of the project budget, is the majority of construction enterprises need to study the important aspect.展开更多
Project cost management should not only adjust the personnel, material and fund structure, but also based on the overall situation, from the perspective of economy and benefit, dynamic and refined project cost managem...Project cost management should not only adjust the personnel, material and fund structure, but also based on the overall situation, from the perspective of economy and benefit, dynamic and refined project cost management operation. For some engineering projects, the cost is usually constantly changing within the prescribed area, so actively carrying out the research work of the project budget and cost can escort the normal construction of construction projects, achieve the optimization of comprehensive economic benefits, and promote the steady growth of the construction industry and the whole construction industry.展开更多
＂Communication project budget＂ is a professional course of the communication engineering specialty. Combined with the requirements of the teaching reform, from three aspects of the theoretical teaching, the experime...＂Communication project budget＂ is a professional course of the communication engineering specialty. Combined with the requirements of the teaching reform, from three aspects of the theoretical teaching, the experimental teaching, and the engineering practice, the author carries on the reform and practice, to cultivate the active thinking and practical ability of the students, and the effects of the re-form are fully in line with the orientation of cultivating the highly-skillful and applied talents.展开更多
At the present stage, if you want to carry out the construction project smoothly, it is necessary to analyze and explore the construction project cost budget work and to effectively solve the factors existing in the c...At the present stage, if you want to carry out the construction project smoothly, it is necessary to analyze and explore the construction project cost budget work and to effectively solve the factors existing in the construction project cost budget. Project cost budget work can not only affect the project construction process, but also affect the overall economic benefits of the construction project. In the process of the construction project, the enterprise must require the cost management personnel and engineering designers to grasp the actual situation of the construction, so as to effectively improve the accuracy of the project budget.展开更多
Stakeholder involvement in the project planning process should include a variety of actors with different roles and responsibilities at the planning phase of the project life cycle. Failure to adequately plan greatly ...Stakeholder involvement in the project planning process should include a variety of actors with different roles and responsibilities at the planning phase of the project life cycle. Failure to adequately plan greatly reduces the project’s chances of successfully accomplishing its goals. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of stakeholder participation in project planning on the completion of urban road transport-infrastructure projects in Kenya. Pragmatic research paradigm was utilized for this study to facilitate mixed research methods. The study adopted descriptive survey and correlational research design. The target population was 1593. A sample size of 309 respondents was drawn utilizing purposive and simple random sampling procedures. A five point Likert type scale questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data while interview guides were used to collect qualitative data. The study found that stakeholder participation in project planning had a positive and significant influence on the completion of urban road transport infrastructure projects in Kenya (r = 0.838, R2 = 0.703, F (4, 209) = 123.43, p 2 = 0.703 indicating that stakeholder participation in project planning explains 70.3% of the variations in the completion of urban road transport infrastructure projects in Kenya. The study concluded that stakeholder participation in project planning significantly influences completion of urban road transport-infrastructure projects in Kenya. The study recommends the need to increase training and awareness on participation in project planning. The study also recommends the need to develop a guiding policy document detailing the importance of stakeholder participation in road construction life cycle in order to curb any future misgivings in implementation of these important socio-economic projects.展开更多
This article considers threats to a project slipping on budget,schedule and fit-for-purpose.Threat is used here as the collective for risks（quantifiable bad things that can happen）and uncertainties（poorly or not qu...This article considers threats to a project slipping on budget,schedule and fit-for-purpose.Threat is used here as the collective for risks（quantifiable bad things that can happen）and uncertainties（poorly or not quantifiable bad possible events）.Based on experience with projects in developing countries this review considers that（a）project slippage is due to uncertainties rather than risks,（b）while eventuation of some bad things is beyond control,managed execution and oversight are stil the primary means to keeping within budget,on time and fit-for-purpose,（c）improving project delivery is less about bigger and more complex and more about coordinated focus,effectiveness and developing thought-out heuristics,and（d）projects take longer and cost more partly because threat identification is inaccurate,the scope of identified threats is too narrow,and the threat assessment product is not integrated into overall project decision-making and execution.Almost by definition,what is poorly known is likely to cause problems.Yet it is not just the unquantifiability and intangibility of uncertainties causing project slippage,but that they are insufficiently taken into account in project planning and execution that cause budget and time overruns.Improving project performance requires purpose-driven and managed deployment of scarce seasoned professionals.This can be aided with independent oversight by deeply experienced panelists who contribute technical insights and can potentially show that diligence is seen to be done.展开更多
Software testing is a very important phase of the software development process. It is a very difficult job for a software manager to allocate optimally the financial budget to a software project during testing. In thi...Software testing is a very important phase of the software development process. It is a very difficult job for a software manager to allocate optimally the financial budget to a software project during testing. In this paper the problem of optimal allocation of the software testing cost is studied. There exist several models focused on the development of software costs measuring the number of software errors remaining in the software during testing. The purpose of this paper is to use these models to formulate the optimization problems of resource allocation: Minimization of the total number of software errors remaining in the system. On the assumption that a software project consists of some independent modules, the presented approach extends previous work by defining new goal functions and extending the primary assumption and precondition.展开更多
文摘The importance of cost engineering budget in the process of engineering construction is self-evident. In the process of project cost construction, it is often affected by external factors such as labor, materials, machinery and equipment, which results in budget results exceeding the actual project cost, reducing the accuracy of cost budget and bringing great negative impact to construction. Therefore, the budget personnel should go deep into the market and the construction site, comprehensively investigate the variable factors from the reality, and adjust the cost budget plan in time to prevent the phenomenon that the expenditure exceeds the income, so as to create higher economic benefits for the enterprise.
文摘In the process of general project construction, the implementation of engineering budget management, can for the long-term development of construction units and improve construction quality has very positive rent, so by the managers, the current conditions of the project budget management has its unique function and economic value, but also in improving the experience management water is playing a more and more important role. How to more accurately implement the project budget, ensure that no problems in the actual construction process, vigorously correct some problems in the preparation of the project budget, is the majority of construction enterprises need to study the important aspect.
文摘Project cost management should not only adjust the personnel, material and fund structure, but also based on the overall situation, from the perspective of economy and benefit, dynamic and refined project cost management operation. For some engineering projects, the cost is usually constantly changing within the prescribed area, so actively carrying out the research work of the project budget and cost can escort the normal construction of construction projects, achieve the optimization of comprehensive economic benefits, and promote the steady growth of the construction industry and the whole construction industry.
文摘＂Communication project budget＂ is a professional course of the communication engineering specialty. Combined with the requirements of the teaching reform, from three aspects of the theoretical teaching, the experimental teaching, and the engineering practice, the author carries on the reform and practice, to cultivate the active thinking and practical ability of the students, and the effects of the re-form are fully in line with the orientation of cultivating the highly-skillful and applied talents.
文摘At the present stage, if you want to carry out the construction project smoothly, it is necessary to analyze and explore the construction project cost budget work and to effectively solve the factors existing in the construction project cost budget. Project cost budget work can not only affect the project construction process, but also affect the overall economic benefits of the construction project. In the process of the construction project, the enterprise must require the cost management personnel and engineering designers to grasp the actual situation of the construction, so as to effectively improve the accuracy of the project budget.
文摘Stakeholder involvement in the project planning process should include a variety of actors with different roles and responsibilities at the planning phase of the project life cycle. Failure to adequately plan greatly reduces the project’s chances of successfully accomplishing its goals. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of stakeholder participation in project planning on the completion of urban road transport-infrastructure projects in Kenya. Pragmatic research paradigm was utilized for this study to facilitate mixed research methods. The study adopted descriptive survey and correlational research design. The target population was 1593. A sample size of 309 respondents was drawn utilizing purposive and simple random sampling procedures. A five point Likert type scale questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data while interview guides were used to collect qualitative data. The study found that stakeholder participation in project planning had a positive and significant influence on the completion of urban road transport infrastructure projects in Kenya (r = 0.838, R2 = 0.703, F (4, 209) = 123.43, p 2 = 0.703 indicating that stakeholder participation in project planning explains 70.3% of the variations in the completion of urban road transport infrastructure projects in Kenya. The study concluded that stakeholder participation in project planning significantly influences completion of urban road transport-infrastructure projects in Kenya. The study recommends the need to increase training and awareness on participation in project planning. The study also recommends the need to develop a guiding policy document detailing the importance of stakeholder participation in road construction life cycle in order to curb any future misgivings in implementation of these important socio-economic projects.
文摘This article considers threats to a project slipping on budget,schedule and fit-for-purpose.Threat is used here as the collective for risks（quantifiable bad things that can happen）and uncertainties（poorly or not quantifiable bad possible events）.Based on experience with projects in developing countries this review considers that（a）project slippage is due to uncertainties rather than risks,（b）while eventuation of some bad things is beyond control,managed execution and oversight are stil the primary means to keeping within budget,on time and fit-for-purpose,（c）improving project delivery is less about bigger and more complex and more about coordinated focus,effectiveness and developing thought-out heuristics,and（d）projects take longer and cost more partly because threat identification is inaccurate,the scope of identified threats is too narrow,and the threat assessment product is not integrated into overall project decision-making and execution.Almost by definition,what is poorly known is likely to cause problems.Yet it is not just the unquantifiability and intangibility of uncertainties causing project slippage,but that they are insufficiently taken into account in project planning and execution that cause budget and time overruns.Improving project performance requires purpose-driven and managed deployment of scarce seasoned professionals.This can be aided with independent oversight by deeply experienced panelists who contribute technical insights and can potentially show that diligence is seen to be done.
文摘Software testing is a very important phase of the software development process. It is a very difficult job for a software manager to allocate optimally the financial budget to a software project during testing. In this paper the problem of optimal allocation of the software testing cost is studied. There exist several models focused on the development of software costs measuring the number of software errors remaining in the software during testing. The purpose of this paper is to use these models to formulate the optimization problems of resource allocation: Minimization of the total number of software errors remaining in the system. On the assumption that a software project consists of some independent modules, the presented approach extends previous work by defining new goal functions and extending the primary assumption and precondition.
