Sildenafil is primarily used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction because of its ability to enhance nitric oxide-mediated relaxation in the corpus cavernosum.Recent studies have highlighted its potential anti-canc...Sildenafil is primarily used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction because of its ability to enhance nitric oxide-mediated relaxation in the corpus cavernosum.Recent studies have highlighted its potential anti-cancer effects in various cancer types.Simultaneously,concerns have been raised about its possible pro-cancer activity,with multiple studies suggesting a link between sildenafil use and an increased risk of melanoma.Although this causal link remains uncertain,the dual oncological effects of this drug require careful consideration in clinical applications.This mini-review aims to explore the current evidence on the anti-cancer and pro-cancer effects of sildenafil,offering insights into its judicious use in Oncology.展开更多
目的探讨癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolase,NSE)、血清细胞角蛋白片段(CYFRA21-1)、组织多肽特异性抗原(tissue polypeptide specific antigen,TPS)、胃泌素释放肽前体(pro-gastr...目的探讨癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolase,NSE)、血清细胞角蛋白片段(CYFRA21-1)、组织多肽特异性抗原(tissue polypeptide specific antigen,TPS)、胃泌素释放肽前体(pro-gastrin releasing peptide,Pro-GRP)5种血清肿瘤标志物单项检测和联合检测在肺癌辅助诊断中的应用价值。方法选取2021年6月至2023年6月濮阳市安阳地区医院住院患者、门诊患者和健康体检者共146例,包括肺癌患者50例,肺部良性病症患者48例以及48例健康人员作为正常对照组。对以上病例分别采用电化学发光法和酶联免疫吸附试验的方法实施检测,分析肺癌患者组、肺部良性病症患者组及健康人群组5种血清肿瘤标志物的含量差异,肺癌患者不同病理类型含量和阳性率差异、5项联合检测(CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP)阳性率与CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP单项检测阳性率差异。结果肺癌组患者含有的5种血清肿瘤标志物含量大于健康人员和肺部良性病症者组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);肺鳞癌、肺腺癌患者组血清中TPS、CYFRA21-1的含量和阳性率高于肺小细胞癌组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pro-GRP与NSE在肺小细胞肺癌患者组血清中含量和阳性率高于肺鳞癌、肺腺癌组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);CEA在肺腺癌患者组的血清含量和阳性率高于肺鳞癌、肺腺癌患者组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);5项联合检测(CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP)阳性率高于CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP单项检测,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论肺癌患者5种血清肿瘤标志物(CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP)含量大于健康人群和肺部良性病症患者;肺鳞癌、肺腺癌患者血液中TPS、CYFRA21-1的含量和阳性率高于肺小细胞癌患者;肺小细胞癌患者血清中Pro-GRP、NSE含量和阳性率高于肺鳞癌、肺腺癌患者;CEA在肺腺癌患者血液中含量及阳性率高于肺小细胞癌和肺鳞癌患者;CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP 5种血清肿瘤标志物联合检测对肺癌的辅助诊断率高于CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP中任何1项单项检测,具有较好的应用价值。展开更多
The p27Kip1 is a cell cycle repressor protein that regulates primarily the cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase and hence the DNA replication is in the S phase and cell division in the M phase. Expression of p27Ki...The p27Kip1 is a cell cycle repressor protein that regulates primarily the cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase and hence the DNA replication is in the S phase and cell division in the M phase. Expression of p27Kip1 protein has dual roles for both cancer prevention and promotion. For example, numerous nutritional and chemopreventive anti-cancer agents specifically increase the expression of p27Kip1 protein without directly affecting the expression of any other cell cycle regulatory proteins. On the other hand, pro-cancer agents (like glucose, insulin and other growth factors frequently seen in obesity and/or diabetes) specifically decrease the expression of p27Kip1 protein without directly affecting the expression of any other cell cycle regulatory proteins. Unlike expression of any other cell cycle regulatory proteins, expression of p27Kip1 protein is very unusual. The mRNA of p27Kip1 has a very long and unusual 5’-untranslated region (from -575 to -1 in human). It appears that the 5’-untranslated region of p27Kip1 mRNA forms two alternative secondary structures. One increases the expression of p27Kip1 protein when anti-cancer agents are added and another decrease the expression of p27K1p1 when pro-cancer agents are added. For this short concept proposal, Dr. Albert Einstein’s “visualized thought experiments (German: Gedanken experiment)” were used as a fundamental tool for understanding how either anti- or pro-cancer agents bring the primary structure of the 5’-untranslated region of p27Kip1 mRNA into two alternative secondary structures, thereby either increasing or decreasing, respectively, the translation initiation of p27Kip1 protein.展开更多
基金Jiuquan Science and Technology Livelihood Program Project Class A(2023MA3047)Jiuquan City People’s Livelihood Science and Technology Plan Project Class B(2024MB1054)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2022J05298)Xiamen Medical and Health Guidance Project,China(3502Z20244ZD1057)Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China(3502Z20227155)。
文摘Sildenafil is primarily used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction because of its ability to enhance nitric oxide-mediated relaxation in the corpus cavernosum.Recent studies have highlighted its potential anti-cancer effects in various cancer types.Simultaneously,concerns have been raised about its possible pro-cancer activity,with multiple studies suggesting a link between sildenafil use and an increased risk of melanoma.Although this causal link remains uncertain,the dual oncological effects of this drug require careful consideration in clinical applications.This mini-review aims to explore the current evidence on the anti-cancer and pro-cancer effects of sildenafil,offering insights into its judicious use in Oncology.
文摘目的探讨癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolase,NSE)、血清细胞角蛋白片段(CYFRA21-1)、组织多肽特异性抗原(tissue polypeptide specific antigen,TPS)、胃泌素释放肽前体(pro-gastrin releasing peptide,Pro-GRP)5种血清肿瘤标志物单项检测和联合检测在肺癌辅助诊断中的应用价值。方法选取2021年6月至2023年6月濮阳市安阳地区医院住院患者、门诊患者和健康体检者共146例,包括肺癌患者50例,肺部良性病症患者48例以及48例健康人员作为正常对照组。对以上病例分别采用电化学发光法和酶联免疫吸附试验的方法实施检测,分析肺癌患者组、肺部良性病症患者组及健康人群组5种血清肿瘤标志物的含量差异,肺癌患者不同病理类型含量和阳性率差异、5项联合检测(CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP)阳性率与CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP单项检测阳性率差异。结果肺癌组患者含有的5种血清肿瘤标志物含量大于健康人员和肺部良性病症者组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);肺鳞癌、肺腺癌患者组血清中TPS、CYFRA21-1的含量和阳性率高于肺小细胞癌组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pro-GRP与NSE在肺小细胞肺癌患者组血清中含量和阳性率高于肺鳞癌、肺腺癌组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);CEA在肺腺癌患者组的血清含量和阳性率高于肺鳞癌、肺腺癌患者组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);5项联合检测(CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP)阳性率高于CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP单项检测,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论肺癌患者5种血清肿瘤标志物(CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP)含量大于健康人群和肺部良性病症患者;肺鳞癌、肺腺癌患者血液中TPS、CYFRA21-1的含量和阳性率高于肺小细胞癌患者;肺小细胞癌患者血清中Pro-GRP、NSE含量和阳性率高于肺鳞癌、肺腺癌患者;CEA在肺腺癌患者血液中含量及阳性率高于肺小细胞癌和肺鳞癌患者;CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP 5种血清肿瘤标志物联合检测对肺癌的辅助诊断率高于CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1、TPS、Pro-GRP中任何1项单项检测,具有较好的应用价值。
文摘The p27Kip1 is a cell cycle repressor protein that regulates primarily the cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase and hence the DNA replication is in the S phase and cell division in the M phase. Expression of p27Kip1 protein has dual roles for both cancer prevention and promotion. For example, numerous nutritional and chemopreventive anti-cancer agents specifically increase the expression of p27Kip1 protein without directly affecting the expression of any other cell cycle regulatory proteins. On the other hand, pro-cancer agents (like glucose, insulin and other growth factors frequently seen in obesity and/or diabetes) specifically decrease the expression of p27Kip1 protein without directly affecting the expression of any other cell cycle regulatory proteins. Unlike expression of any other cell cycle regulatory proteins, expression of p27Kip1 protein is very unusual. The mRNA of p27Kip1 has a very long and unusual 5’-untranslated region (from -575 to -1 in human). It appears that the 5’-untranslated region of p27Kip1 mRNA forms two alternative secondary structures. One increases the expression of p27Kip1 protein when anti-cancer agents are added and another decrease the expression of p27K1p1 when pro-cancer agents are added. For this short concept proposal, Dr. Albert Einstein’s “visualized thought experiments (German: Gedanken experiment)” were used as a fundamental tool for understanding how either anti- or pro-cancer agents bring the primary structure of the 5’-untranslated region of p27Kip1 mRNA into two alternative secondary structures, thereby either increasing or decreasing, respectively, the translation initiation of p27Kip1 protein.
