This study focuses on"Longxuhuang",a fresh agricultural product from Longtian Town in Longmen County.By establishing the objectives of brand promotion and analyzing the appropriate promotional channels,we ai...This study focuses on"Longxuhuang",a fresh agricultural product from Longtian Town in Longmen County.By establishing the objectives of brand promotion and analyzing the appropriate promotional channels,we aim to effectively position the brand,cultivate a promotional atmosphere,identify suitable channels for promotion,anticipate potential risks,and propose corresponding countermeasures.Additionally,we assess the effectiveness of the promotional strategies employed.The findings of this research will contribute to the brand promotion of enterprises and offer insights for the brand promotion of agricultural products in other regions.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to explore the clinical effect of acupuncture therapy for menstruation regu-lation and pregnancy promotion on thin endometrium in the real world.Design:This study is a single-center pragmati...Objective:This study aimed to explore the clinical effect of acupuncture therapy for menstruation regu-lation and pregnancy promotion on thin endometrium in the real world.Design:This study is a single-center pragmatic randomized controlled trial blinded to the statisticians.Using the“blockrand”software package,based on the age(≥35,<35),37 patients were randomized into an intervention group(19 cases)and a control group(18 cases).After reassignment regarding patient preference,21 patients were included in the intervention group and 16 in the control group.Setting:The trial was executed in the Specialty Outpatient Clinic,Acupuncture-Moxibustion Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,from March 1,2019,to September 30,2020.Participants:The study included 37 patients with thin endometrium and without previous acupuncture treatment.Intervention:The intervention group was administered acupuncture for menstruation regulation and pregnancy promotion and a small-dose of progynova(2 mg daily),while the control group was adminis-tered a large-dose of progynova(4 mg daily).Interventions started from Day 5 of menstruation until the end of ovulation under B-ultrasound monitoring.The intervention lasted for three menstrual cycles.Measurements:Primary outcomes were changes in endometrial thickness between baseline and after intervention completion and the difference between the two groups after intervention.The secondary outcomes were endometrial and subendometrial blood flow,serum estradiol levels,menstrual conditions,and adverse reactions.Results:(1)Comparison of each indicator before and after intervention completion in the two groups:in the intervention group,the differences were significant in endometrial thickness,menstrual score,estra-diol(E2)level in ovulatory period,the pulsatility index(PI)and resistance index(RI)of uterine artery,the ratio of peak systolic velocity to end-diastolic velocity(S/D),the endometrial vascular index(VI),flow index(FI),and vascular flow index(VFI)and volume(P<0.01).In the control group,significant changes were observed in endometrial thickness,menstrual score,and E2 before and after the interven-tion(P<0.05),and no differences were observed in uterine artery PI,RI,S/D and endometrial VI,FI,VFI,and volume(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the intervention group showed significant differences in endometrial thickness,menstrual score,E2,uterine artery PI,RI,S/D,and endometrial VI,FI,VFI,and volume after intervention(P<0.01).No adverse reactions were reported in the intervention group.In contrast,the control group had two cases of nausea and gastrointestinal discomfort after med-ication,eight cases of breast distention during medication,and one case of breast nodules enlarged by 1 cm after trial completion.展开更多
Drawing upon self-determination theory,this study examines the effects of vicarious abusive supervision on third-party’s self-efficacy and task performance within organizational contexts.Data were collected via surve...Drawing upon self-determination theory,this study examines the effects of vicarious abusive supervision on third-party’s self-efficacy and task performance within organizational contexts.Data were collected via surveys from 337 employees across diverse organizations.The results indicate that vicarious abusive supervision significantly undermines both self-efficacy and task performance among employees who are indirectly exposed to such behavior but not directly targeted.Furthermore,self-efficacy serves as a mediator between vicarious abusive supervision and task performance;however,this mediating effect is attenuated for employees with a high promotion focus.These findings provide valuable theoretical and practical insights,particularly in the domain of organizational behavior,by emphasizing the critical role of promotion focus in mitigating the negative effects of vicarious abusive supervision.This research contributes to the organizational behavior literature by shifting the focus from the traditional supervisor-subordinate dynamic to a third-party perspective,thereby enriching our understanding of how vicarious abusive supervision impacts employees within organizational settings.The study underscores the importance of self-efficacy and promotion focus as key factors in unethical leadership contexts.展开更多
Weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores(WREOs)are rich in medium and heavy rare earth.In order to improve the in-situ leaching process,which is prone to landslides and poor permeability,cationic hydroxyethyl...Weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores(WREOs)are rich in medium and heavy rare earth.In order to improve the in-situ leaching process,which is prone to landslides and poor permeability,cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose(PQ-10)was used as a novel green swelling inhibitor and percolation promoter and was mixed with conventional leaching agent ammonium sulfate((NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4))to form a composite leaching agent to study the performance and mechanism of swelling inhibition and percolation promotion.Adding PQ-10 can inhibit the hydration swelling of WREOs,promote the percolation effect of the leaching agent,improve the rare earth(RE)leaching efficiency,and reduce the im purity aluminum(Al)leaching efficiency.Compared with the conventional leaching agent 2 wt%(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),the percolation time is reduced by 50%by using the composite leaching agent(0.02 wt%PQ-10+2 wt%(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)).PQ-10 has positively charged quaternary ammonium groups and hydrophilic group hydroxyl groups,which makes it easy to adsorb on WREOs multiple sites through electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding,weakening the electrostatic repulsion between mineral particles,reducing the WREOs interlayer spacing,compressing the double electric layer thickness at the solid-liquid interface,weakening the mineral hydration swelling and increasing the percolation rate.The long carbon chains of the polymer entangle and link the fine mineral particles to agglomerate them,increasing their particle size and reduc ing their hydration dispersion,and preventing blockage of the pe rcolation pores caused by migration of the fine particles through the ore body with the solution.PQ-10 molecules also insert the mine ral interlayer and expulsion of the internal water,further inhibiting the swelling of WREOs.Adding PQ-10 reduces the surface tension of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)solution,improving the spreading and spreading ability of the solution,reducing the adhesion work between molecules in the solid-liquid phase and the adhesion work reduction factor.It proves that PQ-10 promotes the percolation effect of the leaching process of WREOs.In addition,PQ-10 expands the leaching pore size and seepage channels,further improving the percolation rate.展开更多
Under the background of accelerated global cultural exchange and information dissemination,reading has become a crucial component of public cultural services.Public libraries in Nordic countries(Denmark,Sweden,Norway,...Under the background of accelerated global cultural exchange and information dissemination,reading has become a crucial component of public cultural services.Public libraries in Nordic countries(Denmark,Sweden,Norway,Finland,Iceland)stand out by adhering to the core philosophy of“universal sharing and equal reading”,integrating reading promotion into national strategies,and constructing extensive service networks through sound legal guarantees and adequate financial support.This study identifies four key strategies for universality and equality in Nordic public libraries:covering all age groups,eliminating group differences,integrating digital and physical resources,and ensuring the right to read through legislative,financial,and other institutional support.These provide a reference for global public cultural services.展开更多
Special Purpose Rice (SPR) is a technology that consists of different rice varieties that were developed by Central Luzon State University. The unique varietal characteristics of SPR are pigmented, glutinous, good-yie...Special Purpose Rice (SPR) is a technology that consists of different rice varieties that were developed by Central Luzon State University. The unique varietal characteristics of SPR are pigmented, glutinous, good-yielding varieties planted in lowland areas. This study was conducted to increase farmers’ income through employing different promotion and extension activities and enterprise development. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Cost and return and benefit-cost analysis were used to determine the financial benefits of using the SPR in different production systems. Results revealed that incorporating the following parameters is critical in the sustainable adoption of the SPR. Amongst them are: ensuring that recommended production technologies are strictly followed by the farmers, ensuring the quality of seeds for planting, the presence of a market for the produce, engaging the farmers in value-adding activities like processing, capability development in entrepreneurship, and adopting clustering approach of the farmers to address economies of scale in marketing and processing. The use of SPR produced an average yield of 6.11 MT/ha and 5.04 MT/ha during the dry and wet seasons from 2021-2023, respectively, higher than the usual varieties of inbred rice. The net benefit from producing a CLS-2 variety of SPR is higher than regular rice, having an average difference of Php 22,355.53 per hectare from 2021-2023.展开更多
The exopolysaccharide matrix of diazotrophic cyanobacteria was used to integrate phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)solubilizing bacteria,enhancing the survival of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,and ultimately the sur...The exopolysaccharide matrix of diazotrophic cyanobacteria was used to integrate phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)solubilizing bacteria,enhancing the survival of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,and ultimately the survival of bacteria in the rhizosphere for better plant growth.A new biofilm-based formulation comprising the diazotrophic cyanobacteria Anabaena AMP2,P-solubilizing Bacillus megaterium var.phosphaticum PB1,and K-solubilizing Rhizobium pusense KRBKKM1 was tested for efficacy in rice.The growth medium with half-strength BG-11 medium supplemented with 3%glucose showed best for biofilm formation under in vitro conditions.Analysis of the methanolic extract of the cyanobacterial-bacterial biofilm(CBB)showed the activity of antioxidants,such as 2-methoxy phenol and pentadecane,which are proven to improve plant-microbe interactions and plant growth,respectively.Treatment of rice seeds with CBB extract at 100 mL/kg or 200 mL/kg showed significant enhancement in germination rate and seedling length.Therefore,a pot culture experiment with the CBB formulations was carried out,and different growth and yield parameters were recorded.Principal component analysis showed that plant growth,yield,soil dehydrogenase activity,and soil chlorophyll content were positively correlated with rice plants amended with vermiculite-based CBB at 2 kg/hm^(2) followed by a spray with aqueous CBB formulation at 5 mL/L at 15 and 30 d after rice transplanting grown with a 25%reduced level of nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium chemical fertilizers than the recommended dose.Further,Pearson correlation analysis showed that yield was positively correlated with soil dehydrogenase(r=0.92**)and soil chlorophyll content(r=0.96**).We concluded that CBB could be used as a novel biofilm-based bio-inoculant to increase rice productivity and crop fitness as a component in integrated nutrient management and sustainable organic farming strategies with reduced chemical fertilizers.展开更多
In the new era,university libraries have become the main front for universities to promote reading and have an important influence on the quality of talent cultivation in universities.It has become an important missio...In the new era,university libraries have become the main front for universities to promote reading and have an important influence on the quality of talent cultivation in universities.It has become an important mission for universities to do a good job in promoting reading in libraries in the new era and provide better reading services.Based on this,this article briefly summarizes the importance of reading promotion innovation in university libraries and the characteristics of reading behavior among university teachers and students.On this basis,it explores the reading promotion model of university libraries in the new era,hoping to provide useful references for the reading promotion work in university libraries.展开更多
Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences（JCPS） has been published for 22 years. During this period, JCPS has progressed from a quarterly journal to monthly publication. Moreover, the qualities of manuscripts and e...Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences（JCPS） has been published for 22 years. During this period, JCPS has progressed from a quarterly journal to monthly publication. Moreover, the qualities of manuscripts and editing are improving, and its influence and international status reaches a high level. Under ＂the International Influence of Chinese Science and Technology Journals Promotion Plan＂, the development and internationalization of JCPS will be further promoted.展开更多
Alcohols are often used as scavengers to identify the contribution of radicals for contaminant degradation in heterogeneous catalysis.The generation of alcohol radicals is often overlooked,leading to misinterpretation...Alcohols are often used as scavengers to identify the contribution of radicals for contaminant degradation in heterogeneous catalysis.The generation of alcohol radicals is often overlooked,leading to misinterpretation of degradation mechanisms and alcohol's role.Herein,a series of bismuth oxybromide(Bi OBr)with varying amounts of active species was synthesized as representative catalysts to elucidate the role of alcohols in heterogeneous catalysis.Among various alcohols,isopropanol(IPA)was found to significantly enhance the photocatalytic degradation of carbamazepine(CBZ)by Bi OBr.Electron paramagnetic resonance results confirmed that IPA was oxidized to alcohol radicals by Bi OBr.The promotional effect of IPA was due to the generation of H2O2through the reaction between alcohol radicals and dissolved oxygen.H2O2subsequently led to the production of superoxide anion,the dominant radical in CBZ degradation.The promotional effect was also observed with other alcohols.The bond dissociation energy of the C-H bond adjacent to the hydroxyl group in alcohols determined the extent of promotion,while other characteristics such as the number of hydroxyl groups did not.Higher bond dissociation energy corresponded to a greater promotional effect.This study clarifies the inconsistent observations resulting from the use of various alcohols in heterogeneous catalysis and provides new insights into the overlooked role of alcohols.展开更多
Promotion is an essential element in the marketing mix. It is used by businesses to inform, influence and persuade customers to adopt the products and services they offer. Without promotion, business would be stagnant...Promotion is an essential element in the marketing mix. It is used by businesses to inform, influence and persuade customers to adopt the products and services they offer. Without promotion, business would be stagnant and lack substantial growth because the brands would have low visibility in the market. Moreover, today’s vast and assorted markets comprise of customers with different needs and varied behavior. So it is rarely possible for companies to satisfy all customers by treating them alike. Thus there arises a need to divide the market into segments having customers with similar traits/characteristics. After identifying appropriate market segments, firms can design differentiated promotional campaigns for each segment. At the same time there can be a mass market promotional campaign that reaches different segments with a fixed spectrum. Also since promotional effort resources are limited, one must use them judiciously. In this paper, we formulate mathematical programming problem under repeat purchase scenario, which optimally allocates mass promotional effort resources and differentiated promotional effort resources across the segments dynamically in order to maximize the overall sales obtained from multiple products of a product line under budgetary and minimum sales aspiration level constraint on each product under consideration in each segment. The planning horizon is divided into multi periods, the adoption pattern of each product in each segment is observed in every subinterval and accordingly promotional effort allocations are determined for the next period till we reach the end of planning period. The optimization model has been further extended to incorporate minimum aspiration level constraints on total sales for each product under consideration from all the segments taken together. The non linear programming problem so formulated is solved using differential evolution approach. A numerical example has been discussed to illustrate applicability of the model.展开更多
[ Objective] The paper was to operate the application and promotion of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques in Kunming City, and to analyze its benefit. [ Method ] Through application and promotion...[ Objective] The paper was to operate the application and promotion of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques in Kunming City, and to analyze its benefit. [ Method ] Through application and promotion of frequency trembler grid lamps, sticking plate trapping technology, construction of treatment ponds for field waste vegetable leaves, standardized （accurate） cultivation techniques, cultivation techniques of disease-resistant varieties and diverse cultivation technologies, the promotion benefit of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques was comprehensively investigated and evaluated. [ Result ] The appli- cation and promotion area of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques in Kunming City during 2006 -2010 reached 94 667 hm2. The investigation on control efforts and quantitative analysis of cost/benefit showed that the beneficial result of application and promotion of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques was higher than the direct benefit of application and promotion of traditional pesticide replacing techniques. This improvement innovated the traditional pesticide replacing method in replacement work of high-toxic pesticides, reducing the usage volume of pesticide in Kunming City. [ Conclusion] The application and promotion of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques improved the economic, social and ecological benefit of replacement work of high-toxic pesticides, protected the agricultural ecological environment and promoted the sustainable development of agricultural production.展开更多
The aim of this study is to know the role of online promotion tools in conducting behavior of the Algerian consumer in the district of Bechar,by reviewing its concept,characteristics and types and measuring its impact...The aim of this study is to know the role of online promotion tools in conducting behavior of the Algerian consumer in the district of Bechar,by reviewing its concept,characteristics and types and measuring its impact on the consumer in studying the intention of buying through Tools of Internet.A sample of Algerian consumers was collected in the district of Bechar,the sample size was 90 individuals distributed to mobile company Ooredoo The descriptive and analytical method was used to obtain statistical data by using a questionnaire and SPSS method for testing hypotheses of the study.The result was the statistical significance through the methods of promotion through Internet and the purchase of the Algerian consumer behavior in the district of Bechar towards the use of mobile services&offers to the operator Ooredoo.展开更多
Objective This study analyzed how the 10 Global Conferences on Health Promotion have played a significant role in shaping and promoting a worldwide consensus and actions on health promotion,effectively addressing dive...Objective This study analyzed how the 10 Global Conferences on Health Promotion have played a significant role in shaping and promoting a worldwide consensus and actions on health promotion,effectively addressing diverse health challenges that evolved over different periods.Methods The textual analysis method was used in this study and text encoding was conducted to systematically examine the declarations and reports presented by the 10 Global Conferences on Health Promotion held during 1986-2021.We summarized the themes and key achievements,and key vocabulary in the conference declarations was extracted and analyzed to construct the global health promotion consensus and actions.Results The fundamental principles of the conferences are to foster consensus and initiate actions in the realm of health promotion on a global scale.The primary purpose and goal are to promote health from regional to global.Significantly,our findings highlight a transition in the primary actors driving health promotion.It underscores a shift in health promotion from being driven primarily by organizations like the World Health Organization,governments,and international bodies,to a more inclusive approach involving non-governmental organizations and the general public.This development implies that health promotion has evolved into a collective global endeavor,demanding the proactive involvement of various stakeholders,and forging new alliances in public health.Meanwhile,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has further shaped the landscape of health promotion,underscoring the need for intensified focus on areas including disease prevention,health education,and the integration of digital health technologies,and emphasizing the importance of a multidimensional,responsive approach in public health initiatives.Conclusions Sustained collaboration and innovative strategies are pivotal to advancing health promotion globally.Countries,together with public and private entities,should intensify cooperation.Multisectoral collaboration among partners such as healthcare,education,social security,and the industry is vital for health promotion and achieving global health goals.展开更多
Pt/Eu2O3-CeO2 materials with different Eu concentrations were prepared and applied to toluene destruction,and the remarkable promotion impact of EuOx on Pt/CeO2 can be observed.The characterization results reveal that...Pt/Eu2O3-CeO2 materials with different Eu concentrations were prepared and applied to toluene destruction,and the remarkable promotion impact of EuOx on Pt/CeO2 can be observed.The characterization results reveal that the presence of EuOx significantly enhances the redox property,lattice O concentration,and Ce3+ ratio of the Pt/CeO2 material,which facilitates the dispersion and activity of Pt active sites and thus accelerates the decomposition process of toluene.Among all catalysts,a sample with an Eu content of 2.5 at.%(Pt/EC-2.5)possesses the best catalytic activity with 0.09 vol% of toluene completely destructed at 200 ℃ under a relatively high GHSV of 50000 h^-1.The possible reaction pathway and mechanism of toluene combustion over Pt/Eu2O3-CeO2 samples are presented according to in-situ DRIFTS,which confirms that the toluene oxidation process obeys the Mars-van Krevelen mechanism with aldehydes and ketones as primary organic intermediates.展开更多
Plant growth promoting fungi are receiving increased attention as valuable beneficial microorganisms in crop cultivation due to their capacity to produce bioactive substances,promote plant growth and enhance immune de...Plant growth promoting fungi are receiving increased attention as valuable beneficial microorganisms in crop cultivation due to their capacity to produce bioactive substances,promote plant growth and enhance immune defense functions.In this study,a novel Trichoderma isolate,designated as TM2-4,was screened from healthy tomato rhizosphere soil and identified as Trichoderma afroharzianum.Culture filtrate of the isolate TM2-4 displayed obvious bioactive substance production and an evident effect in promoting tomato seed germination,with hypocotyl length,radical length and vigor index increased by 28.7,19.4 and 62.1%,respectively,after a 100-fold dilution treatment.To assess the promotion effect and related mechanism of isolate TM2-4,the plant biological indexes and gene expression profiles of tomato plants treated with or without T.afroharzianum TM2-4 microbial agent were investigated by greenhouse pot experiment and RNA sequencing.The results demonstrated that T.afroharzianum TM2-4 significantly promoted tomato plant growth in terms of plant height,dry weight,number of leaves per plant and root activity,through efficient colonization in the rhizosphere and root system of the plants.Transcriptome analyses identified a total of 984 differentially expressed genes in T.afroharzianum microbial agent inoculated tomato roots,which were mainly engaged in the biological process of phytohormone homeostasis,antioxidant activity,as well as metabolic pathways including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and glutathione metabolism.These findings provide useful information for understanding the mechanism of isolate TM2-4 for tomato plant growth promotion,which would facilitate further development of T.afroharzianum TM2-4 microbial agent for use in vegetable crop production.展开更多
This paper presents how the combustion performance of nano-sized aluminum(nAl)powder in carbon dioxide are affected by silica. The ignition and combustion performance of nAl powder with silica addition were studied by...This paper presents how the combustion performance of nano-sized aluminum(nAl)powder in carbon dioxide are affected by silica. The ignition and combustion performance of nAl powder with silica addition were studied by a high-temperature tube furnace. An s-type thermocouple and a high-speed motion acquisition instrument were performed to evaluate the ignition temperature, maximum combustion temperature, maximum change of rate of temperature, and combustion propagation speed. The combustion efficiency and combustion products were measured and analyzed by a gas-volumetric method and an X-ray diffraction. The results show that silica added into nAl powder can enhance its maximum combustion temperature and maximum change of rate of temperature, while its ignition temperature increases slightly. The nAl powders with addition of 6.00 wt.% and 12.00 wt.% silica present high combustion propagation speeds, especially for the latter, it has high combustion efficiency. The effect mechanism of silica on the combustion of nAl powder in carbon dioxide was discussed.展开更多
Graphene films(GFs) and graphene-reinforced nanocomposite coatings(GNCs) have received unprecedented attention for corrosion protection because graphene possesses a remarkable chemical inertness and is completely impe...Graphene films(GFs) and graphene-reinforced nanocomposite coatings(GNCs) have received unprecedented attention for corrosion protection because graphene possesses a remarkable chemical inertness and is completely impermeable to aggressive chemicals. However, the high electric conductivity and positive potential of graphene make graphene-based metal protectors tend to exhibit an undesirable high corrosion-promotion activity(CPA), which is widely known as the phenomenon that graphene connecting with metal accelerates the corrosion of metal substrate by inducing micro-galvanic corrosion at the defect sites of GFs or GNCs in aggressive environments. Therefore, inhibiting the CPA of graphene is currently a key focus for the application of graphene in the field of corrosion protection. In this review, the mechanisms, influencing factors, and inhibition strategies of the CPA of GFs and GNCs are highlighted from the point of view of corrosion science to address the bottlenecks and challenges for future research and potential applications of graphene for corrosion protection.展开更多
During the post-antibiotic golden age, it has seen a massive antibiotic/antibacterial production and an increase in irrational use of these few existing drugs in the medical and veterinary practice, food industries, t...During the post-antibiotic golden age, it has seen a massive antibiotic/antibacterial production and an increase in irrational use of these few existing drugs in the medical and veterinary practice, food industries, tissue cultures, agriculture and commercial ethanol production globally. The irrational drug use has been further exacerbated by the increased marketing and promotion of these drugs by the pharmaceutical companies thus increasing their accessibility in the public and hence their improper use. The lack of production and introduction of the newer and effective antibiotic/antibacterial drugs in clinical practice in the post-antibiotic golden age has seen an increase in the emergence of the resistant pathogenic bacterial infections creating a significant problem in the global health of humankind. The massive productions of the antibiotic/antibacterial drugs have contributed to the poor disposal of these drugs and hence many of them are discharged in various water bodies contributing to the environmental antibiotic/antibacterial drug pollution. In the environment, these drugs exert pressure on the environmental bacteria by destroying useful bacteria that are responsible for the recycling of the organic matter and as well as promoting the selection of the resistant pathogenic bacteria that can spread in human and animal population thus causing an increase in the observed bacterial disease burden and hence a significant global public health problem. The resistant bacterial diseases lead to the high cost, increased occurrence of adverse drug reactions, prolonged hospitalization, the exposure to the second- and third-line drugs like in MDR-TB and XDR-TB that leads to toxicity and deaths as well as the increased poor production in agriculture and animal industry and commercial ethanol production.展开更多
A significant promotion effect of low-molecular hydroxyl compounds(LMHCs) was found in the nano-photoelectrocatalytic(NPEC) degradation of fulvic acid(FA),which is a typical kind of humic acid existing widely in natur...A significant promotion effect of low-molecular hydroxyl compounds(LMHCs) was found in the nano-photoelectrocatalytic(NPEC) degradation of fulvic acid(FA),which is a typical kind of humic acid existing widely in natural water bodies,and its influence mechanism was proposed.A TiO_2 nanotube arrays(TNAs) material is served as the photoanode.Methanol,ethanediol,and glycerol were chosen as the representative of LMHCs in this study.The adsorption performance of organics on the surface of TNAs was investigated by using the instantaneous photocurrent value.The adsorption constants of FA,methanol,ethanediol,and glycerol were 43.44,19.32,7.00,and 1.30,respectively,which indicates that FA has the strongest adsorption property.The degradation performance of these organics and their mixture were observed in a thin-layer reactor.It shows that FA could hardly achieve exhausted mineralization alone,while LMHCs could be easily oxidized completely in the same condition.The degradation degree of FA,which is added LMHCs,improves significantly and the best promotion effect is achieved by glycerol.The promotion effect of LMHCs in the degradation of FA could be contributed to the formation of a tremendous amount of hydroxyl radicals in the NPEC process.The hydroxyl radicals could facilitate the complete degradation of both FA and its intermediate products.Among the chosen LMHCs,glycerol molecule which has three hydroxyls could generate the most hydroxyl radicals and contribute the best effective promotion.This work provides a new way to promote the NPEC degradation of FA and a direction to remove humus from polluted water.展开更多
基金Supported by Longtian Town Rural Science and Technology Specialists Team for Rural Revitalization in Guangdong Province (2021)Huizhou Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project (HZSK2024GJ120).
文摘This study focuses on"Longxuhuang",a fresh agricultural product from Longtian Town in Longmen County.By establishing the objectives of brand promotion and analyzing the appropriate promotional channels,we aim to effectively position the brand,cultivate a promotional atmosphere,identify suitable channels for promotion,anticipate potential risks,and propose corresponding countermeasures.Additionally,we assess the effectiveness of the promotional strategies employed.The findings of this research will contribute to the brand promotion of enterprises and offer insights for the brand promotion of agricultural products in other regions.
基金Supported by Special Funds for Basic Scientific Research of Central Public Welfare Research Institutes:201814006。
文摘Objective:This study aimed to explore the clinical effect of acupuncture therapy for menstruation regu-lation and pregnancy promotion on thin endometrium in the real world.Design:This study is a single-center pragmatic randomized controlled trial blinded to the statisticians.Using the“blockrand”software package,based on the age(≥35,<35),37 patients were randomized into an intervention group(19 cases)and a control group(18 cases).After reassignment regarding patient preference,21 patients were included in the intervention group and 16 in the control group.Setting:The trial was executed in the Specialty Outpatient Clinic,Acupuncture-Moxibustion Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,from March 1,2019,to September 30,2020.Participants:The study included 37 patients with thin endometrium and without previous acupuncture treatment.Intervention:The intervention group was administered acupuncture for menstruation regulation and pregnancy promotion and a small-dose of progynova(2 mg daily),while the control group was adminis-tered a large-dose of progynova(4 mg daily).Interventions started from Day 5 of menstruation until the end of ovulation under B-ultrasound monitoring.The intervention lasted for three menstrual cycles.Measurements:Primary outcomes were changes in endometrial thickness between baseline and after intervention completion and the difference between the two groups after intervention.The secondary outcomes were endometrial and subendometrial blood flow,serum estradiol levels,menstrual conditions,and adverse reactions.Results:(1)Comparison of each indicator before and after intervention completion in the two groups:in the intervention group,the differences were significant in endometrial thickness,menstrual score,estra-diol(E2)level in ovulatory period,the pulsatility index(PI)and resistance index(RI)of uterine artery,the ratio of peak systolic velocity to end-diastolic velocity(S/D),the endometrial vascular index(VI),flow index(FI),and vascular flow index(VFI)and volume(P<0.01).In the control group,significant changes were observed in endometrial thickness,menstrual score,and E2 before and after the interven-tion(P<0.05),and no differences were observed in uterine artery PI,RI,S/D and endometrial VI,FI,VFI,and volume(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the intervention group showed significant differences in endometrial thickness,menstrual score,E2,uterine artery PI,RI,S/D,and endometrial VI,FI,VFI,and volume after intervention(P<0.01).No adverse reactions were reported in the intervention group.In contrast,the control group had two cases of nausea and gastrointestinal discomfort after med-ication,eight cases of breast distention during medication,and one case of breast nodules enlarged by 1 cm after trial completion.
文摘Drawing upon self-determination theory,this study examines the effects of vicarious abusive supervision on third-party’s self-efficacy and task performance within organizational contexts.Data were collected via surveys from 337 employees across diverse organizations.The results indicate that vicarious abusive supervision significantly undermines both self-efficacy and task performance among employees who are indirectly exposed to such behavior but not directly targeted.Furthermore,self-efficacy serves as a mediator between vicarious abusive supervision and task performance;however,this mediating effect is attenuated for employees with a high promotion focus.These findings provide valuable theoretical and practical insights,particularly in the domain of organizational behavior,by emphasizing the critical role of promotion focus in mitigating the negative effects of vicarious abusive supervision.This research contributes to the organizational behavior literature by shifting the focus from the traditional supervisor-subordinate dynamic to a third-party perspective,thereby enriching our understanding of how vicarious abusive supervision impacts employees within organizational settings.The study underscores the importance of self-efficacy and promotion focus as key factors in unethical leadership contexts.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2002215)。
文摘Weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores(WREOs)are rich in medium and heavy rare earth.In order to improve the in-situ leaching process,which is prone to landslides and poor permeability,cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose(PQ-10)was used as a novel green swelling inhibitor and percolation promoter and was mixed with conventional leaching agent ammonium sulfate((NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4))to form a composite leaching agent to study the performance and mechanism of swelling inhibition and percolation promotion.Adding PQ-10 can inhibit the hydration swelling of WREOs,promote the percolation effect of the leaching agent,improve the rare earth(RE)leaching efficiency,and reduce the im purity aluminum(Al)leaching efficiency.Compared with the conventional leaching agent 2 wt%(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),the percolation time is reduced by 50%by using the composite leaching agent(0.02 wt%PQ-10+2 wt%(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)).PQ-10 has positively charged quaternary ammonium groups and hydrophilic group hydroxyl groups,which makes it easy to adsorb on WREOs multiple sites through electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding,weakening the electrostatic repulsion between mineral particles,reducing the WREOs interlayer spacing,compressing the double electric layer thickness at the solid-liquid interface,weakening the mineral hydration swelling and increasing the percolation rate.The long carbon chains of the polymer entangle and link the fine mineral particles to agglomerate them,increasing their particle size and reduc ing their hydration dispersion,and preventing blockage of the pe rcolation pores caused by migration of the fine particles through the ore body with the solution.PQ-10 molecules also insert the mine ral interlayer and expulsion of the internal water,further inhibiting the swelling of WREOs.Adding PQ-10 reduces the surface tension of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)solution,improving the spreading and spreading ability of the solution,reducing the adhesion work between molecules in the solid-liquid phase and the adhesion work reduction factor.It proves that PQ-10 promotes the percolation effect of the leaching process of WREOs.In addition,PQ-10 expands the leaching pore size and seepage channels,further improving the percolation rate.
基金This paper is a phased research outcome of the 2023 Beijing International Studies University Regional and Country Studies Special Research Project titled“Reading Promotion in Nordic Public Libraries and Its Implications for China’s National Reading Development”(Project No.QYGB23A003).
文摘Under the background of accelerated global cultural exchange and information dissemination,reading has become a crucial component of public cultural services.Public libraries in Nordic countries(Denmark,Sweden,Norway,Finland,Iceland)stand out by adhering to the core philosophy of“universal sharing and equal reading”,integrating reading promotion into national strategies,and constructing extensive service networks through sound legal guarantees and adequate financial support.This study identifies four key strategies for universality and equality in Nordic public libraries:covering all age groups,eliminating group differences,integrating digital and physical resources,and ensuring the right to read through legislative,financial,and other institutional support.These provide a reference for global public cultural services.
文摘Special Purpose Rice (SPR) is a technology that consists of different rice varieties that were developed by Central Luzon State University. The unique varietal characteristics of SPR are pigmented, glutinous, good-yielding varieties planted in lowland areas. This study was conducted to increase farmers’ income through employing different promotion and extension activities and enterprise development. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Cost and return and benefit-cost analysis were used to determine the financial benefits of using the SPR in different production systems. Results revealed that incorporating the following parameters is critical in the sustainable adoption of the SPR. Amongst them are: ensuring that recommended production technologies are strictly followed by the farmers, ensuring the quality of seeds for planting, the presence of a market for the produce, engaging the farmers in value-adding activities like processing, capability development in entrepreneurship, and adopting clustering approach of the farmers to address economies of scale in marketing and processing. The use of SPR produced an average yield of 6.11 MT/ha and 5.04 MT/ha during the dry and wet seasons from 2021-2023, respectively, higher than the usual varieties of inbred rice. The net benefit from producing a CLS-2 variety of SPR is higher than regular rice, having an average difference of Php 22,355.53 per hectare from 2021-2023.
基金supported by the Researchers Supporting Project of King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia(Grant No.RSP2025R358)Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,Coimbatore,India(Grant No.NRM-MDU-AGM-14-006).
文摘The exopolysaccharide matrix of diazotrophic cyanobacteria was used to integrate phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)solubilizing bacteria,enhancing the survival of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,and ultimately the survival of bacteria in the rhizosphere for better plant growth.A new biofilm-based formulation comprising the diazotrophic cyanobacteria Anabaena AMP2,P-solubilizing Bacillus megaterium var.phosphaticum PB1,and K-solubilizing Rhizobium pusense KRBKKM1 was tested for efficacy in rice.The growth medium with half-strength BG-11 medium supplemented with 3%glucose showed best for biofilm formation under in vitro conditions.Analysis of the methanolic extract of the cyanobacterial-bacterial biofilm(CBB)showed the activity of antioxidants,such as 2-methoxy phenol and pentadecane,which are proven to improve plant-microbe interactions and plant growth,respectively.Treatment of rice seeds with CBB extract at 100 mL/kg or 200 mL/kg showed significant enhancement in germination rate and seedling length.Therefore,a pot culture experiment with the CBB formulations was carried out,and different growth and yield parameters were recorded.Principal component analysis showed that plant growth,yield,soil dehydrogenase activity,and soil chlorophyll content were positively correlated with rice plants amended with vermiculite-based CBB at 2 kg/hm^(2) followed by a spray with aqueous CBB formulation at 5 mL/L at 15 and 30 d after rice transplanting grown with a 25%reduced level of nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium chemical fertilizers than the recommended dose.Further,Pearson correlation analysis showed that yield was positively correlated with soil dehydrogenase(r=0.92**)and soil chlorophyll content(r=0.96**).We concluded that CBB could be used as a novel biofilm-based bio-inoculant to increase rice productivity and crop fitness as a component in integrated nutrient management and sustainable organic farming strategies with reduced chemical fertilizers.
文摘In the new era,university libraries have become the main front for universities to promote reading and have an important influence on the quality of talent cultivation in universities.It has become an important mission for universities to do a good job in promoting reading in libraries in the new era and provide better reading services.Based on this,this article briefly summarizes the importance of reading promotion innovation in university libraries and the characteristics of reading behavior among university teachers and students.On this basis,it explores the reading promotion model of university libraries in the new era,hoping to provide useful references for the reading promotion work in university libraries.
文摘Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences（JCPS） has been published for 22 years. During this period, JCPS has progressed from a quarterly journal to monthly publication. Moreover, the qualities of manuscripts and editing are improving, and its influence and international status reaches a high level. Under ＂the International Influence of Chinese Science and Technology Journals Promotion Plan＂, the development and internationalization of JCPS will be further promoted.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22176150)the Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Fellowship of China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX20230262)the Fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M732636)the Shanghai Post-doctoral Excellence Program(No.2023755)。
文摘Alcohols are often used as scavengers to identify the contribution of radicals for contaminant degradation in heterogeneous catalysis.The generation of alcohol radicals is often overlooked,leading to misinterpretation of degradation mechanisms and alcohol's role.Herein,a series of bismuth oxybromide(Bi OBr)with varying amounts of active species was synthesized as representative catalysts to elucidate the role of alcohols in heterogeneous catalysis.Among various alcohols,isopropanol(IPA)was found to significantly enhance the photocatalytic degradation of carbamazepine(CBZ)by Bi OBr.Electron paramagnetic resonance results confirmed that IPA was oxidized to alcohol radicals by Bi OBr.The promotional effect of IPA was due to the generation of H2O2through the reaction between alcohol radicals and dissolved oxygen.H2O2subsequently led to the production of superoxide anion,the dominant radical in CBZ degradation.The promotional effect was also observed with other alcohols.The bond dissociation energy of the C-H bond adjacent to the hydroxyl group in alcohols determined the extent of promotion,while other characteristics such as the number of hydroxyl groups did not.Higher bond dissociation energy corresponded to a greater promotional effect.This study clarifies the inconsistent observations resulting from the use of various alcohols in heterogeneous catalysis and provides new insights into the overlooked role of alcohols.
文摘Promotion is an essential element in the marketing mix. It is used by businesses to inform, influence and persuade customers to adopt the products and services they offer. Without promotion, business would be stagnant and lack substantial growth because the brands would have low visibility in the market. Moreover, today’s vast and assorted markets comprise of customers with different needs and varied behavior. So it is rarely possible for companies to satisfy all customers by treating them alike. Thus there arises a need to divide the market into segments having customers with similar traits/characteristics. After identifying appropriate market segments, firms can design differentiated promotional campaigns for each segment. At the same time there can be a mass market promotional campaign that reaches different segments with a fixed spectrum. Also since promotional effort resources are limited, one must use them judiciously. In this paper, we formulate mathematical programming problem under repeat purchase scenario, which optimally allocates mass promotional effort resources and differentiated promotional effort resources across the segments dynamically in order to maximize the overall sales obtained from multiple products of a product line under budgetary and minimum sales aspiration level constraint on each product under consideration in each segment. The planning horizon is divided into multi periods, the adoption pattern of each product in each segment is observed in every subinterval and accordingly promotional effort allocations are determined for the next period till we reach the end of planning period. The optimization model has been further extended to incorporate minimum aspiration level constraints on total sales for each product under consideration from all the segments taken together. The non linear programming problem so formulated is solved using differential evolution approach. A numerical example has been discussed to illustrate applicability of the model.
基金Supported by Non-pesticide Replacing High-toxic Pesticides Project in Yunnan Province (ynzz-200733)~~
文摘[ Objective] The paper was to operate the application and promotion of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques in Kunming City, and to analyze its benefit. [ Method ] Through application and promotion of frequency trembler grid lamps, sticking plate trapping technology, construction of treatment ponds for field waste vegetable leaves, standardized （accurate） cultivation techniques, cultivation techniques of disease-resistant varieties and diverse cultivation technologies, the promotion benefit of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques was comprehensively investigated and evaluated. [ Result ] The appli- cation and promotion area of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques in Kunming City during 2006 -2010 reached 94 667 hm2. The investigation on control efforts and quantitative analysis of cost/benefit showed that the beneficial result of application and promotion of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques was higher than the direct benefit of application and promotion of traditional pesticide replacing techniques. This improvement innovated the traditional pesticide replacing method in replacement work of high-toxic pesticides, reducing the usage volume of pesticide in Kunming City. [ Conclusion] The application and promotion of non-pesticide replacing high-toxic pesticides techniques improved the economic, social and ecological benefit of replacement work of high-toxic pesticides, protected the agricultural ecological environment and promoted the sustainable development of agricultural production.
文摘The aim of this study is to know the role of online promotion tools in conducting behavior of the Algerian consumer in the district of Bechar,by reviewing its concept,characteristics and types and measuring its impact on the consumer in studying the intention of buying through Tools of Internet.A sample of Algerian consumers was collected in the district of Bechar,the sample size was 90 individuals distributed to mobile company Ooredoo The descriptive and analytical method was used to obtain statistical data by using a questionnaire and SPSS method for testing hypotheses of the study.The result was the statistical significance through the methods of promotion through Internet and the purchase of the Algerian consumer behavior in the district of Bechar towards the use of mobile services&offers to the operator Ooredoo.
基金This work was supported in part by a research grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(Project Number:G2023170020L).
文摘Objective This study analyzed how the 10 Global Conferences on Health Promotion have played a significant role in shaping and promoting a worldwide consensus and actions on health promotion,effectively addressing diverse health challenges that evolved over different periods.Methods The textual analysis method was used in this study and text encoding was conducted to systematically examine the declarations and reports presented by the 10 Global Conferences on Health Promotion held during 1986-2021.We summarized the themes and key achievements,and key vocabulary in the conference declarations was extracted and analyzed to construct the global health promotion consensus and actions.Results The fundamental principles of the conferences are to foster consensus and initiate actions in the realm of health promotion on a global scale.The primary purpose and goal are to promote health from regional to global.Significantly,our findings highlight a transition in the primary actors driving health promotion.It underscores a shift in health promotion from being driven primarily by organizations like the World Health Organization,governments,and international bodies,to a more inclusive approach involving non-governmental organizations and the general public.This development implies that health promotion has evolved into a collective global endeavor,demanding the proactive involvement of various stakeholders,and forging new alliances in public health.Meanwhile,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has further shaped the landscape of health promotion,underscoring the need for intensified focus on areas including disease prevention,health education,and the integration of digital health technologies,and emphasizing the importance of a multidimensional,responsive approach in public health initiatives.Conclusions Sustained collaboration and innovative strategies are pivotal to advancing health promotion globally.Countries,together with public and private entities,should intensify cooperation.Multisectoral collaboration among partners such as healthcare,education,social security,and the industry is vital for health promotion and achieving global health goals.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC0204201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21677114, 21477095, 21876139)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (xjj2017170)~~
文摘Pt/Eu2O3-CeO2 materials with different Eu concentrations were prepared and applied to toluene destruction,and the remarkable promotion impact of EuOx on Pt/CeO2 can be observed.The characterization results reveal that the presence of EuOx significantly enhances the redox property,lattice O concentration,and Ce3+ ratio of the Pt/CeO2 material,which facilitates the dispersion and activity of Pt active sites and thus accelerates the decomposition process of toluene.Among all catalysts,a sample with an Eu content of 2.5 at.%(Pt/EC-2.5)possesses the best catalytic activity with 0.09 vol% of toluene completely destructed at 200 ℃ under a relatively high GHSV of 50000 h^-1.The possible reaction pathway and mechanism of toluene combustion over Pt/Eu2O3-CeO2 samples are presented according to in-situ DRIFTS,which confirms that the toluene oxidation process obeys the Mars-van Krevelen mechanism with aldehydes and ketones as primary organic intermediates.
基金the Youth Research Fund of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,China(QNJJ201814)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0201102)the Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Control of Fruit Tree Diseases and Pests in the North China(BZ0432)。
文摘Plant growth promoting fungi are receiving increased attention as valuable beneficial microorganisms in crop cultivation due to their capacity to produce bioactive substances,promote plant growth and enhance immune defense functions.In this study,a novel Trichoderma isolate,designated as TM2-4,was screened from healthy tomato rhizosphere soil and identified as Trichoderma afroharzianum.Culture filtrate of the isolate TM2-4 displayed obvious bioactive substance production and an evident effect in promoting tomato seed germination,with hypocotyl length,radical length and vigor index increased by 28.7,19.4 and 62.1%,respectively,after a 100-fold dilution treatment.To assess the promotion effect and related mechanism of isolate TM2-4,the plant biological indexes and gene expression profiles of tomato plants treated with or without T.afroharzianum TM2-4 microbial agent were investigated by greenhouse pot experiment and RNA sequencing.The results demonstrated that T.afroharzianum TM2-4 significantly promoted tomato plant growth in terms of plant height,dry weight,number of leaves per plant and root activity,through efficient colonization in the rhizosphere and root system of the plants.Transcriptome analyses identified a total of 984 differentially expressed genes in T.afroharzianum microbial agent inoculated tomato roots,which were mainly engaged in the biological process of phytohormone homeostasis,antioxidant activity,as well as metabolic pathways including phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and glutathione metabolism.These findings provide useful information for understanding the mechanism of isolate TM2-4 for tomato plant growth promotion,which would facilitate further development of T.afroharzianum TM2-4 microbial agent for use in vegetable crop production.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52176099,51376007 and 51806001)the Project of Jiangsu Provincial Six Talent Peak,China(No.JNHB-097)。
文摘This paper presents how the combustion performance of nano-sized aluminum(nAl)powder in carbon dioxide are affected by silica. The ignition and combustion performance of nAl powder with silica addition were studied by a high-temperature tube furnace. An s-type thermocouple and a high-speed motion acquisition instrument were performed to evaluate the ignition temperature, maximum combustion temperature, maximum change of rate of temperature, and combustion propagation speed. The combustion efficiency and combustion products were measured and analyzed by a gas-volumetric method and an X-ray diffraction. The results show that silica added into nAl powder can enhance its maximum combustion temperature and maximum change of rate of temperature, while its ignition temperature increases slightly. The nAl powders with addition of 6.00 wt.% and 12.00 wt.% silica present high combustion propagation speeds, especially for the latter, it has high combustion efficiency. The effect mechanism of silica on the combustion of nAl powder in carbon dioxide was discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21703026, 51671047, and 21978036)the General Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Nos. 2017M610177 and 2018T011222)+2 种基金the Doctoral Startup Foundation of Liaoning Province (No. 2019-BS-046)the Research Fund of Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao, No. HYFSKF-201804)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. DUT19RC(4)003)。
文摘Graphene films(GFs) and graphene-reinforced nanocomposite coatings(GNCs) have received unprecedented attention for corrosion protection because graphene possesses a remarkable chemical inertness and is completely impermeable to aggressive chemicals. However, the high electric conductivity and positive potential of graphene make graphene-based metal protectors tend to exhibit an undesirable high corrosion-promotion activity(CPA), which is widely known as the phenomenon that graphene connecting with metal accelerates the corrosion of metal substrate by inducing micro-galvanic corrosion at the defect sites of GFs or GNCs in aggressive environments. Therefore, inhibiting the CPA of graphene is currently a key focus for the application of graphene in the field of corrosion protection. In this review, the mechanisms, influencing factors, and inhibition strategies of the CPA of GFs and GNCs are highlighted from the point of view of corrosion science to address the bottlenecks and challenges for future research and potential applications of graphene for corrosion protection.
文摘During the post-antibiotic golden age, it has seen a massive antibiotic/antibacterial production and an increase in irrational use of these few existing drugs in the medical and veterinary practice, food industries, tissue cultures, agriculture and commercial ethanol production globally. The irrational drug use has been further exacerbated by the increased marketing and promotion of these drugs by the pharmaceutical companies thus increasing their accessibility in the public and hence their improper use. The lack of production and introduction of the newer and effective antibiotic/antibacterial drugs in clinical practice in the post-antibiotic golden age has seen an increase in the emergence of the resistant pathogenic bacterial infections creating a significant problem in the global health of humankind. The massive productions of the antibiotic/antibacterial drugs have contributed to the poor disposal of these drugs and hence many of them are discharged in various water bodies contributing to the environmental antibiotic/antibacterial drug pollution. In the environment, these drugs exert pressure on the environmental bacteria by destroying useful bacteria that are responsible for the recycling of the organic matter and as well as promoting the selection of the resistant pathogenic bacteria that can spread in human and animal population thus causing an increase in the observed bacterial disease burden and hence a significant global public health problem. The resistant bacterial diseases lead to the high cost, increased occurrence of adverse drug reactions, prolonged hospitalization, the exposure to the second- and third-line drugs like in MDR-TB and XDR-TB that leads to toxicity and deaths as well as the increased poor production in agriculture and animal industry and commercial ethanol production.
基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2009AA063003)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20677039) for financial support
文摘A significant promotion effect of low-molecular hydroxyl compounds(LMHCs) was found in the nano-photoelectrocatalytic(NPEC) degradation of fulvic acid(FA),which is a typical kind of humic acid existing widely in natural water bodies,and its influence mechanism was proposed.A TiO_2 nanotube arrays(TNAs) material is served as the photoanode.Methanol,ethanediol,and glycerol were chosen as the representative of LMHCs in this study.The adsorption performance of organics on the surface of TNAs was investigated by using the instantaneous photocurrent value.The adsorption constants of FA,methanol,ethanediol,and glycerol were 43.44,19.32,7.00,and 1.30,respectively,which indicates that FA has the strongest adsorption property.The degradation performance of these organics and their mixture were observed in a thin-layer reactor.It shows that FA could hardly achieve exhausted mineralization alone,while LMHCs could be easily oxidized completely in the same condition.The degradation degree of FA,which is added LMHCs,improves significantly and the best promotion effect is achieved by glycerol.The promotion effect of LMHCs in the degradation of FA could be contributed to the formation of a tremendous amount of hydroxyl radicals in the NPEC process.The hydroxyl radicals could facilitate the complete degradation of both FA and its intermediate products.Among the chosen LMHCs,glycerol molecule which has three hydroxyls could generate the most hydroxyl radicals and contribute the best effective promotion.This work provides a new way to promote the NPEC degradation of FA and a direction to remove humus from polluted water.
