Hylocereus polyrhizus,also known as pitaya or dragon fruit,is a climbing cactus grown worldwide because of its excellent performance under drought stress and appealing red-purple fruits.In practice,accelerating flower...Hylocereus polyrhizus,also known as pitaya or dragon fruit,is a climbing cactus grown worldwide because of its excellent performance under drought stress and appealing red-purple fruits.In practice,accelerating flower formation and inducing more flowers usually result in higher yield.However,the genes for this purpose have not been well characterized in pitaya.Previously,FLOWERING BHLHs(FBHs)have been identified as positive regulators of flower formation.In the present work,a total of eight FBHs were identified in pitaya.This is a greater number than in beet and spinach,possibly because of the recent whole-genome duplication that occurred in the pitaya genome.The phylogenetic tree indicated that the FBHs could be divided into three groups.In TYPEⅡ,the genes of Caryophyllales encode atypical FBHs and are generated by dispersed duplication.The K_(a)/K_(s) ratios indicated that HpFBHs are under purifying selection.Promoter and expression analysis of HpFBHs revealed that they are spatiotemporally activated in flower-related tissues and responsive to multiple abiotic stresses.These results indicated that HpFBHs are involved in the flower formation of pitaya.Therefore,typical HpFBH1/3 from TYPEⅡI and an atypical HpFBH8 from TYPEⅡwere selected for functional verification.HpFBH3 was found to heterodimerize with HpFBH1 in the nucleus using subcellular localization,yeast two-hybrid and luciferase complementation assays.With bioinformatic analysis,all HpFBHs were predicted to transactivate downstream genes via binding to the E-boxes,which were frequently detected in the promoters of HpCOs,HpFTs and HpSOC1s.RNA-Seq datasets showed that these flowering accelerators were expressed in coordination with HpFBH3.Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays further verified that HpFBH3 transactivated HpCO7 by selectively binding to the E-boxes in the promoter.Moreover,ectopic overexpression of HpFBH3 accelerated flower formation in Arabidopsis.In summary,this study systematically characterized the typical HpFBHs,especially HpFBH3,as positive regulators of flower formation,which could be target genes for the genetic improvement of pitaya.展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to breed excellent-quality high-yield lines of pink flesh pitaya. [Method] 156 seedling progenies of ＇Conghua Zhixing＇ pink flesh pitaya cultivar were cultivated. Then the growth...[Objective] This study was conducted to breed excellent-quality high-yield lines of pink flesh pitaya. [Method] 156 seedling progenies of ＇Conghua Zhixing＇ pink flesh pitaya cultivar were cultivated. Then the growth character, the high yield character, the fruit economic traits and interior quality were analyzed and compared. [Results] The best one which was marked as 80-1 was selected by the comprehen- sive quality. [Conclusion] It has attractive fruit surface, high quality and high yield.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to describe the extraction of polysaccharides from pitaya stems.[Method]The hot water,enzyme-assisted and microwave-assisted methods were used,with the microwave-assisted extraction being deemed...[Objective]The aim was to describe the extraction of polysaccharides from pitaya stems.[Method]The hot water,enzyme-assisted and microwave-assisted methods were used,with the microwave-assisted extraction being deemed optimal by general evaluation.[Result]The main factors affecting the yield of polysaccharides in the microwave-assisted extraction,by order of magnitude,were as follows:time >microwave power >temperature;additionally,optimal conditions included a 10 min extraction time,an 80℃ extraction temperature and a microwave setting of 200 W.Using these optimal conditions,the yield of PSPS(Polysaccharides from Pitaya Stems) was 1.42%.After purification,the yield of PSPS was 0.74%.[Conclusion]The PSPS was analyzed by IR,MALDI-TOF-MS and an element analysis technique.It was shown to be a polysaccharide mixture,and the molecular weight was between 3 900 and 4 300 Da.展开更多
Pitaya de mayo (<i>Stenocereus pruinosus</i>) exportation is considered feasible especially to the United States of America (USA) using the adequate preservation and transportation techniques. One of the e...Pitaya de mayo (<i>Stenocereus pruinosus</i>) exportation is considered feasible especially to the United States of America (USA) using the adequate preservation and transportation techniques. One of the exportation requirements is that pitayas, as well as any other tropical fruits, have to be free from Mexican fruit fly contamination and certified by the Food National Sanitary, Iniquity, and Quality Service. This review proved that this fruit is not attacked by the Mexican fruit fly <i>A. ludens</i> or any other Anastrepha species. The fruit fly may <span>be found in some States of Mexican Republic such as some tropical regions bu</span>t not in the semi-arid regions where cacti fruits are grown.展开更多
With the expansion of cultivation scale,pitaya diseases are gradually increasing.Traditionally relying on human observation to judge the disease is limited by the skills and experience of the observer,which cannot gua...With the expansion of cultivation scale,pitaya diseases are gradually increasing.Traditionally relying on human observation to judge the disease is limited by the skills and experience of the observer,which cannot guarantee the accuracy and real-time of the judgment,and consumes much manpower and time.In this study,by collecting,segmenting,and labeling images of 4 main diseases of pitaya in the field,an image database of main diseases of pitaya in the field was constructed to provide a basis for computer image recognition of pitaya diseases.Thereby,it benefits reducing manual error and improving the accuracy and real-time of disease identification for agricultural production,but also lays a foundation for the future development of intelligent agriculture.展开更多
With the adjustment of the tropical and subtropical fruit industry organizations in southern China, the Hylocereus undatus(pitaya) industry is growing rapidly in subtropical Guangxi and other places. Guangxi is also t...With the adjustment of the tropical and subtropical fruit industry organizations in southern China, the Hylocereus undatus(pitaya) industry is growing rapidly in subtropical Guangxi and other places. Guangxi is also the largest natural selenium-rich region in the country, and selenium-enriched pitaya is increasingly sought after by the general public. This paper described in detail the selection of selenium-enriched pitaya production fields, key planting techniques and core selenium enrichment techniques, with a view to providing technical guidance for the standardized production of selenium-enriched pitaya and providing technical support for improving the quality and efficiency of pitaya production in natural selenium-rich areas.展开更多
Alginate is a widely used polymer matrix in food industry since it allows formation of spherical, soft, and strong membranes adequate for encapsulation of a large amount of products, including food. The flow rate of a...Alginate is a widely used polymer matrix in food industry since it allows formation of spherical, soft, and strong membranes adequate for encapsulation of a large amount of products, including food. The flow rate of alginate solutions and the permeability of the capsules were evaluated within an acidic-low acidic pH range and different alginate concentrations. In solutions adjusted at different pH （3.0 to 7.0） with concentrations of alginate of 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2% w/v, flow rates at 20 ℃ were 6.95 to 10.00, 4.54-5.35, and 2.60-2.80 mL sl, respectively. Permeability of the capsules was evaluated in terms of the diffusion of H＋ions （expressed as pH） and soluble solids （~Brix）. Meanwhile both diffusions were minor at 4.0 〈 pH 〈 7.0 and were significantly superior at more acidic pH （P 〈 0.05）, alginate concentration did not present significant effect. Yellow, purple, and red juices from Stenocereus spp. fruits （pitayas） were encapsulated using 1.0% of alginate and stored with isotonic solution （3 mL g^-1） at 4 ℃ in the dark. The capsules were spherical with diameter between 4.59 and 470 mm, weight from 82.60 to 97.50 rag, and volume of 0.075-0.098 mL. Pigment （total betalains content） diffusion reached equilibrium at 24 h of storage, at which point retentions of total betalains in the yellow, purple, and red capsules were 87.79, 96.13, and 85.13%, respectively. Also, changes in the color of the capsules were observed during storage.展开更多
Red pitaya is rich in bioactive compounds,mainly betacyanins,and well-adapted to drought.Fermentation with probiotics is an alternative to extend red pitaya’s short shelf life and may contribute to the stability of b...Red pitaya is rich in bioactive compounds,mainly betacyanins,and well-adapted to drought.Fermentation with probiotics is an alternative to extend red pitaya’s short shelf life and may contribute to the stability of betacyanins.The vitamin D receptor(VDR)is an essential nuclear receptor regulating numerous physiological processes that may be influenced by the activity of probiotic strains.This study aimed to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity and the effects of red pitaya pulp fermented with Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp.paracasei F-19(F-19)or Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis BB-12(BB-12),individually,and the non-fermented pulp on the VDR,and its target genes(CYP24,CAMP,and ATG16L1)expression in human colon cancer cell line HCT116.Additionally,the red pitaya pulps extracts had their metabolome profiles analyzed by UHPLC-HRMS-MS/MS and compared.Non-fermented and fermented red pitaya pulps did not significantly affect cell viability(p<0.05).The fermented pulp with both strains primarily induced the upregulation of the ATG16L1 expression in vitro,but it was not associated with the upregulation of VDR.The pulp fermented with BB-12 also upregulated the CAMP expression,while the one fermented with F-19 downregulated the CYP24 expression.These findings suggest that the fermented red pitaya with probiotic strains has the potential to modulate autophagy and to reduce inflammation.Furthermore,flavonoids like rutin and betalains such as betanin,phyllocactin,and hylocerenin with known anti-inflammatory properties were identified in both fermented and non-fermented pulps.The untargeted metabolome profiles of the treatments differed significantly and molecular network analysis revealed betalain analogs specific for each treatment,indicating a rich chemical diversity to be explored in future research.This study provides insights for exploring new applications for red pitaya,such as cancer therapies,and for investigating the effects of its individual compounds on gene expression.展开更多
Supplemental light is often used in fruit production,but few studies have been conducted on pitaya.In this study,supplemental blue light was applied to pitaya for four hours each night in the field from flowering to f...Supplemental light is often used in fruit production,but few studies have been conducted on pitaya.In this study,supplemental blue light was applied to pitaya for four hours each night in the field from flowering to fruit ripening to examine changes in peel and pulp physicochemical parameters and metabolites.Blue light treatment significantly increased fruit weight,improved fruit firmness by increasing pectin content and retarding hemicellulose degradation,and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity.Blue light had minor effects on primary metabolites but more pronounced effects on volatiles.By affecting alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism,blue light treatment resulted in significant fruit growth,increased accumulation of bioactive ingredients in the peel,and significantly altered the accumulation of flavor-associated volatile compounds,such as organic acids,esters and terpenes in the pulp.Our results provide an important reference for improving the yield and quality of pitaya production using supplemental light in the field.展开更多
Pitaya is an important perennial herbaceous fruit tree.The color of fruit determines pitaya nutritive(and attractive)value,which is considered as an important objective in breeding improvement.In this study,we reporte...Pitaya is an important perennial herbaceous fruit tree.The color of fruit determines pitaya nutritive(and attractive)value,which is considered as an important objective in breeding improvement.In this study,we reported the first telomere-to-telomere(T2T)gap-free genome of“Shuangse No.1”pitaya(Hylocereus polyrhizus;red peel).Two high-quality genomes for“Dahong”(H.polyrhizus;red peel)and“Honghuaqinglong”(H.stenopterus;stay-green)were further assembled,aiming to explore the genetic diversity of pitaya genomes.In further analysis,we noticed a high proportion of viral contamination in pitaya tissues,which hindered the efficient utilization of transcriptomic data.To address this issue,we analyzed 111 pitaya transcriptome data from different geographic regions to characterize and separate viral components.Then we developed an efficient,novel,and universal transcript purification system for pitaya transcriptomes by applying it to 27 samples from different tissues and species,thereby enhancing the utility for transcriptomic and broader biological research.Combining the purified transcriptomic data with comparative genomic analyses,we identified HuERF72,a transcription factor(TF)that potentially regulates chlorophyll degradation in pitaya.Interaction assays and plant transformation elucidated that HuERF72 acts as a repressive TF by directly binding to the promoter of HuSGR1,a key structural gene in the chlorophyll degradation pathway.This study provides high-quality genomic resources and novel methodologies for molecular investigations in pitaya.Additionally,the proposed regulatory network advances our understanding of the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying chlorophyll degradation,offering valuable insights into the genetic improvement of pitaya.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160681 and 32060663)the National Guidance Foundation for Local Science and Technology Development of China(2023-009)+1 种基金the Guizhou Provincial Basic Research Program(Natural Science)(ZK[2022]YB132)the Foundation of Postgraduate of Guizhou Province,China(YJSKYJJ[2021]057)。
文摘Hylocereus polyrhizus,also known as pitaya or dragon fruit,is a climbing cactus grown worldwide because of its excellent performance under drought stress and appealing red-purple fruits.In practice,accelerating flower formation and inducing more flowers usually result in higher yield.However,the genes for this purpose have not been well characterized in pitaya.Previously,FLOWERING BHLHs(FBHs)have been identified as positive regulators of flower formation.In the present work,a total of eight FBHs were identified in pitaya.This is a greater number than in beet and spinach,possibly because of the recent whole-genome duplication that occurred in the pitaya genome.The phylogenetic tree indicated that the FBHs could be divided into three groups.In TYPEⅡ,the genes of Caryophyllales encode atypical FBHs and are generated by dispersed duplication.The K_(a)/K_(s) ratios indicated that HpFBHs are under purifying selection.Promoter and expression analysis of HpFBHs revealed that they are spatiotemporally activated in flower-related tissues and responsive to multiple abiotic stresses.These results indicated that HpFBHs are involved in the flower formation of pitaya.Therefore,typical HpFBH1/3 from TYPEⅡI and an atypical HpFBH8 from TYPEⅡwere selected for functional verification.HpFBH3 was found to heterodimerize with HpFBH1 in the nucleus using subcellular localization,yeast two-hybrid and luciferase complementation assays.With bioinformatic analysis,all HpFBHs were predicted to transactivate downstream genes via binding to the E-boxes,which were frequently detected in the promoters of HpCOs,HpFTs and HpSOC1s.RNA-Seq datasets showed that these flowering accelerators were expressed in coordination with HpFBH3.Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays further verified that HpFBH3 transactivated HpCO7 by selectively binding to the E-boxes in the promoter.Moreover,ectopic overexpression of HpFBH3 accelerated flower formation in Arabidopsis.In summary,this study systematically characterized the typical HpFBHs,especially HpFBH3,as positive regulators of flower formation,which could be target genes for the genetic improvement of pitaya.
基金Supported by Guangdong Science and Technology Plan Project(2010B-020410002015)Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(2014Y2-00164)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to breed excellent-quality high-yield lines of pink flesh pitaya. [Method] 156 seedling progenies of ＇Conghua Zhixing＇ pink flesh pitaya cultivar were cultivated. Then the growth character, the high yield character, the fruit economic traits and interior quality were analyzed and compared. [Results] The best one which was marked as 80-1 was selected by the comprehen- sive quality. [Conclusion] It has attractive fruit surface, high quality and high yield.
文摘[Objective]The aim was to describe the extraction of polysaccharides from pitaya stems.[Method]The hot water,enzyme-assisted and microwave-assisted methods were used,with the microwave-assisted extraction being deemed optimal by general evaluation.[Result]The main factors affecting the yield of polysaccharides in the microwave-assisted extraction,by order of magnitude,were as follows:time >microwave power >temperature;additionally,optimal conditions included a 10 min extraction time,an 80℃ extraction temperature and a microwave setting of 200 W.Using these optimal conditions,the yield of PSPS(Polysaccharides from Pitaya Stems) was 1.42%.After purification,the yield of PSPS was 0.74%.[Conclusion]The PSPS was analyzed by IR,MALDI-TOF-MS and an element analysis technique.It was shown to be a polysaccharide mixture,and the molecular weight was between 3 900 and 4 300 Da.
文摘Pitaya de mayo (<i>Stenocereus pruinosus</i>) exportation is considered feasible especially to the United States of America (USA) using the adequate preservation and transportation techniques. One of the exportation requirements is that pitayas, as well as any other tropical fruits, have to be free from Mexican fruit fly contamination and certified by the Food National Sanitary, Iniquity, and Quality Service. This review proved that this fruit is not attacked by the Mexican fruit fly <i>A. ludens</i> or any other Anastrepha species. The fruit fly may <span>be found in some States of Mexican Republic such as some tropical regions bu</span>t not in the semi-arid regions where cacti fruits are grown.
基金the Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province of China(ZDYF2017066)Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province of China(619MS028)the Research on Education and Teaching Reform of Hainan University(hdjy1954)。
文摘With the expansion of cultivation scale,pitaya diseases are gradually increasing.Traditionally relying on human observation to judge the disease is limited by the skills and experience of the observer,which cannot guarantee the accuracy and real-time of the judgment,and consumes much manpower and time.In this study,by collecting,segmenting,and labeling images of 4 main diseases of pitaya in the field,an image database of main diseases of pitaya in the field was constructed to provide a basis for computer image recognition of pitaya diseases.Thereby,it benefits reducing manual error and improving the accuracy and real-time of disease identification for agricultural production,but also lays a foundation for the future development of intelligent agriculture.
基金Supported by Guangxi Innovation-driven Development Science and Technology Major Project(GK AA17202026,GK AA17202037)Scientific Research and Technology Development Program of Nanning City(20182100)+2 种基金Guangxi Key Research and Development Program(GK AB16380164)Guangxi Selenium-enriched Crop Experiment Station(GTS2016011)Fundamental Scientific Research Fund of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(GNK 2017YZ03)
文摘With the adjustment of the tropical and subtropical fruit industry organizations in southern China, the Hylocereus undatus(pitaya) industry is growing rapidly in subtropical Guangxi and other places. Guangxi is also the largest natural selenium-rich region in the country, and selenium-enriched pitaya is increasingly sought after by the general public. This paper described in detail the selection of selenium-enriched pitaya production fields, key planting techniques and core selenium enrichment techniques, with a view to providing technical guidance for the standardized production of selenium-enriched pitaya and providing technical support for improving the quality and efficiency of pitaya production in natural selenium-rich areas.
文摘Alginate is a widely used polymer matrix in food industry since it allows formation of spherical, soft, and strong membranes adequate for encapsulation of a large amount of products, including food. The flow rate of alginate solutions and the permeability of the capsules were evaluated within an acidic-low acidic pH range and different alginate concentrations. In solutions adjusted at different pH （3.0 to 7.0） with concentrations of alginate of 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2% w/v, flow rates at 20 ℃ were 6.95 to 10.00, 4.54-5.35, and 2.60-2.80 mL sl, respectively. Permeability of the capsules was evaluated in terms of the diffusion of H＋ions （expressed as pH） and soluble solids （~Brix）. Meanwhile both diffusions were minor at 4.0 〈 pH 〈 7.0 and were significantly superior at more acidic pH （P 〈 0.05）, alginate concentration did not present significant effect. Yellow, purple, and red juices from Stenocereus spp. fruits （pitayas） were encapsulated using 1.0% of alginate and stored with isotonic solution （3 mL g^-1） at 4 ℃ in the dark. The capsules were spherical with diameter between 4.59 and 470 mm, weight from 82.60 to 97.50 rag, and volume of 0.075-0.098 mL. Pigment （total betalains content） diffusion reached equilibrium at 24 h of storage, at which point retentions of total betalains in the yellow, purple, and red capsules were 87.79, 96.13, and 85.13%, respectively. Also, changes in the color of the capsules were observed during storage.
文摘Red pitaya is rich in bioactive compounds,mainly betacyanins,and well-adapted to drought.Fermentation with probiotics is an alternative to extend red pitaya’s short shelf life and may contribute to the stability of betacyanins.The vitamin D receptor(VDR)is an essential nuclear receptor regulating numerous physiological processes that may be influenced by the activity of probiotic strains.This study aimed to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity and the effects of red pitaya pulp fermented with Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp.paracasei F-19(F-19)or Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis BB-12(BB-12),individually,and the non-fermented pulp on the VDR,and its target genes(CYP24,CAMP,and ATG16L1)expression in human colon cancer cell line HCT116.Additionally,the red pitaya pulps extracts had their metabolome profiles analyzed by UHPLC-HRMS-MS/MS and compared.Non-fermented and fermented red pitaya pulps did not significantly affect cell viability(p<0.05).The fermented pulp with both strains primarily induced the upregulation of the ATG16L1 expression in vitro,but it was not associated with the upregulation of VDR.The pulp fermented with BB-12 also upregulated the CAMP expression,while the one fermented with F-19 downregulated the CYP24 expression.These findings suggest that the fermented red pitaya with probiotic strains has the potential to modulate autophagy and to reduce inflammation.Furthermore,flavonoids like rutin and betalains such as betanin,phyllocactin,and hylocerenin with known anti-inflammatory properties were identified in both fermented and non-fermented pulps.The untargeted metabolome profiles of the treatments differed significantly and molecular network analysis revealed betalain analogs specific for each treatment,indicating a rich chemical diversity to be explored in future research.This study provides insights for exploring new applications for red pitaya,such as cancer therapies,and for investigating the effects of its individual compounds on gene expression.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project,China(2022YFB3604604)the Rural Revitalization Project from Guangdong Province,China(2022-NPY-00-034)。
文摘Supplemental light is often used in fruit production,but few studies have been conducted on pitaya.In this study,supplemental blue light was applied to pitaya for four hours each night in the field from flowering to fruit ripening to examine changes in peel and pulp physicochemical parameters and metabolites.Blue light treatment significantly increased fruit weight,improved fruit firmness by increasing pectin content and retarding hemicellulose degradation,and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity.Blue light had minor effects on primary metabolites but more pronounced effects on volatiles.By affecting alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism,blue light treatment resulted in significant fruit growth,increased accumulation of bioactive ingredients in the peel,and significantly altered the accumulation of flavor-associated volatile compounds,such as organic acids,esters and terpenes in the pulp.Our results provide an important reference for improving the yield and quality of pitaya production using supplemental light in the field.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2025A1515012561 and 2024A1515013152)National Natural Science Foundation of China(W2433071 and 31972367)Provincial Rural Revitalization Strategy Special Project of Guangdong in 2024(2024-NPY-00-030).
文摘Pitaya is an important perennial herbaceous fruit tree.The color of fruit determines pitaya nutritive(and attractive)value,which is considered as an important objective in breeding improvement.In this study,we reported the first telomere-to-telomere(T2T)gap-free genome of“Shuangse No.1”pitaya(Hylocereus polyrhizus;red peel).Two high-quality genomes for“Dahong”(H.polyrhizus;red peel)and“Honghuaqinglong”(H.stenopterus;stay-green)were further assembled,aiming to explore the genetic diversity of pitaya genomes.In further analysis,we noticed a high proportion of viral contamination in pitaya tissues,which hindered the efficient utilization of transcriptomic data.To address this issue,we analyzed 111 pitaya transcriptome data from different geographic regions to characterize and separate viral components.Then we developed an efficient,novel,and universal transcript purification system for pitaya transcriptomes by applying it to 27 samples from different tissues and species,thereby enhancing the utility for transcriptomic and broader biological research.Combining the purified transcriptomic data with comparative genomic analyses,we identified HuERF72,a transcription factor(TF)that potentially regulates chlorophyll degradation in pitaya.Interaction assays and plant transformation elucidated that HuERF72 acts as a repressive TF by directly binding to the promoter of HuSGR1,a key structural gene in the chlorophyll degradation pathway.This study provides high-quality genomic resources and novel methodologies for molecular investigations in pitaya.Additionally,the proposed regulatory network advances our understanding of the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying chlorophyll degradation,offering valuable insights into the genetic improvement of pitaya.
