This paper studies high order compact finite volume methods on non-uniform meshes for one-dimensional elliptic and parabolic differential equations with the Robin boundary conditions.An explicit scheme and an implicit...This paper studies high order compact finite volume methods on non-uniform meshes for one-dimensional elliptic and parabolic differential equations with the Robin boundary conditions.An explicit scheme and an implicit scheme are obtained by discretizing the equivalent integral form of the equation.For the explicit scheme with nodal values,the algebraic system can be solved by the Thomas method.For the implicit scheme with both nodal values and their derivatives,the system can be implemented by a prediction-correction procedure,where in the correction stage,an implicit formula for recovering the nodal derivatives is introduced.Taking two point boundary value problem as an example,we prove that both the explicit and implicit schemes are convergent with fourth order accuracy with respect to some standard discrete norms using the energy method.Two numerical examples demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the schemes,as well as the indispensability of using non-uniform meshes.展开更多
GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR TRANSFORMING CHAOS INTO ORDERLY MULTIPOLARITY The current global geopolitical situation,marked by instability,the erosion of the post-WWII international order and the weakening o...GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR TRANSFORMING CHAOS INTO ORDERLY MULTIPOLARITY The current global geopolitical situation,marked by instability,the erosion of the post-WWII international order and the weakening of US unipolar dominance,requires joint efforts by major international actors and the wider international community to establish a functional international order for the twenty-first century.展开更多
Journal Customer services For ordering information,claims and any enquiry concerning your journal subscription please go to contact your nearest office.America:Tel:(401)515-4764 Europe,Middle East,Africa and Asia Paci...Journal Customer services For ordering information,claims and any enquiry concerning your journal subscription please go to contact your nearest office.America:Tel:(401)515-4764 Europe,Middle East,Africa and Asia Pacific:Email:asiaar@163.com;523404392@qq.com;434421224@qq.com Tel:+86-551-65148112 Annual subscription rate(12 issues):US$300.展开更多
Making full use of the operator ordering method and the integration within ordered products,we obtain the analytical evolution law of a general quadratic state in the amplitude decay channel,and find that it is determ...Making full use of the operator ordering method and the integration within ordered products,we obtain the analytical evolution law of a general quadratic state in the amplitude decay channel,and find that it is determined not only by the decay rate of the amplitude decay channel but also by the coefficients of the initial quadratic state.Further,the quantum statistical properties of the initial quadratic state for amplitude decay are investigated via its average photon number and photon-counting distribution,and its Wigner distribution function evolution is discussed in detail.展开更多
Design concept Design Theme Color is not only a visual grammar but also a symbolic language of the spirit.This series,“In the Name of Color,”explores three states of the female inner world:awakening in chaos,order i...Design concept Design Theme Color is not only a visual grammar but also a symbolic language of the spirit.This series,“In the Name of Color,”explores three states of the female inner world:awakening in chaos,order in return,and regeneration in flow.The works—Eye of the Storm,Back to the Seed,and Source—form a stream-of-consciousness journey from within to without.Based on the COLORO color system,the series is constructed through hue,chroma,lightness,and domain ratio,treating color as both emotional force and symbolic medium.展开更多
At the start of the new year,Cao Xiucheng,Chairman of Henan No.2 Textile Machinery Co.,Ltd.,was on his way to visit clients when he kept receiving urgent calls from the Xinyang production base regarding order scheduli...At the start of the new year,Cao Xiucheng,Chairman of Henan No.2 Textile Machinery Co.,Ltd.,was on his way to visit clients when he kept receiving urgent calls from the Xinyang production base regarding order scheduling.It turned out that since the end of 2025,the company had successively secured bulk spindle orders from overseas clients in Bangladesh and other countries,coupled with continuous urgent requests for orders from domestic manufacturers.Faced with such a production peak right at the beginning of the year,Mr.Cao Xiucheng admitted,“It was truly unexpected.”展开更多
With the continuous progress of automatic driving technology,automatic driving technology standards are gradually affecting the determination of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents in China.At present,the ch...With the continuous progress of automatic driving technology,automatic driving technology standards are gradually affecting the determination of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents in China.At present,the characteristics and tendency of China's automatic driving technology standards present the situation of high policy relevance coexisting with low normative binding,professionalism coexist with barriers,forefront coexist with ambiguity.Therefore,challenges are presented both theoretically and practically on the determination of criminal responsibility based on automatic driving technology standard..In this regard,the misunderstanding should be clarified in theory:The legal order under the automatic driving technology standard has constitutionality and systematic,and there is a balance between the frontier of automatic driving technology development and the lagging of criminal law.The automatic driving technology risk level system should be built to clarify the boundary of the effectiveness of criminal law norms,seeking fora breakthrough in the application of the establishment of a comprehensive judgment system of the risks and accidents and the system of evidence to prove the system,which clarifies the determination of criminal responsibility under the automatic driving technology standard.This essay hopes to pursue breakthroughs in the application-to establish a comprehensive judgment system of risks and accidents as well as an evidence proof system,so as to clarify the determination of criminal responsibility under automatic driving technology standards.展开更多
To achieve low-carbon regulation of electric vehicle(EV)charging loads under the“dual carbon”goals,this paper proposes a coordinated scheduling strategy that integrates dynamic carbon factor prediction and multiobje...To achieve low-carbon regulation of electric vehicle(EV)charging loads under the“dual carbon”goals,this paper proposes a coordinated scheduling strategy that integrates dynamic carbon factor prediction and multiobjective optimization.First,a dual-convolution enhanced improved Crossformer prediction model is constructed,which employs parallel 1×1 global and 3×3 local convolutionmodules(Integrated Convolution Block,ICB)formultiscale feature extraction,combinedwith anAdaptive Spectral Block(ASB)to enhance time-series fluctuationmodeling.Based on high-precision predictions,a carbon-electricity cost joint optimization model is further designed to balance economic,environmental,and grid-friendly objectives.The model’s superiority was validated through a case study using real-world data from a renewable-heavy grid.Simulation results show that the proposed multi-objective strategy demonstrated a superior balance compared to baseline and benchmark models,achieving a 15.8%reduction in carbon emissions and a 5.2%reduction in economic costs,while still providing a substantial 22.2%reduction in the peak-valley difference.Its balanced performance significantly outperformed both a single-objective strategy and a state-of-the-art Model Predictive Control(MPC)benchmark,highlighting the advantage of a global optimization approach.This study provides theoretical and technical pathways for dynamic carbon factor-driven EV charging optimization.展开更多
Multiple diagnoses,from both East and West,converge on the view that we are living through a turbulent juncture reminiscent of the inflection points that preceded major wars,not as a claim of historical symmetry,but a...Multiple diagnoses,from both East and West,converge on the view that we are living through a turbulent juncture reminiscent of the inflection points that preceded major wars,not as a claim of historical symmetry,but as an indication of the depth of the present crisis.What concerns us here is to affirm the essence of that assessment:we are indeed facing an unprecedented crisis that compels a rethinking of the entire existing international order,as U.S.展开更多
Lithium(Li)is an‘emerging'environmental pollutant,especially in soil,which is a great concern because it can endanger human health through the food chain.Compared with traditional chemical analyses,hyperspectral ...Lithium(Li)is an‘emerging'environmental pollutant,especially in soil,which is a great concern because it can endanger human health through the food chain.Compared with traditional chemical analyses,hyperspectral techniques have achieved many exciting results in soil metal monitoring due to their advantages of being fast and non-destructive.However,insufficient attention has been paid to lithium in soil,and the feasibility of its estimation using hyperspectral techniques needs to be investigated.We studied 97 soil samples from claytype lithium mines in the Ertanggou area of the East Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang to explore the effects of spectral resolution,fractional order derivatives(FOD),and characteristic band selection on the estimation accuracy of clay Li content,to obtain a fast and effective method for estimating clay Li content.Finally,we developed a new method for rapid and nondestructive estimation of soil lithium content.We have obtained some important results from the study.Spectral resolution exerts a significant impact on model performance,and its reduction usually leads to a decline in model performance.For the full band,the models constructed with low-order derivatives were superior to those with high-order derivatives,and the best model was obtained at the 0.4-order derivative(coefficient of determination(R^(2))and relative predictive deviation(RPD)of 0.777 and 2.118,respectively).In the characteristic bands,the lower order is sensitive to the visible-near-infrared range,and the higher order is sensitive to the short-wave infrared range,and the model constructed with the higher-order derivatives outperforms the lower-order derivatives.In this study,the combination of FOD and Random Forest(RF)can significantly improve the model performance,with R^(2),Relative Root Mean Squared Error(RRMSE),and RPD being 0.849,1.526,and 2.574,respectively.Therefore,this research provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for imaging hyperspectral exploration of anomalous areas of clay-type Li resources.展开更多
When a ceramic ionic-crystal nanocluster is group-substituted with polymer chain segments to form an ionomeric aggregate,is the ordered structure maintained within the sterically hindered nanocluster?We observed,for N...When a ceramic ionic-crystal nanocluster is group-substituted with polymer chain segments to form an ionomeric aggregate,is the ordered structure maintained within the sterically hindered nanocluster?We observed,for Na-salt sulfonated polystyrene ionomer,the electron-diffraction lattice fringes of the nanoclusters,which proved their internal crystalline ordering driven by electrostatic attractions overcoming steric hindrance.Kinetically,the nanoclusters'enhanced melting endotherm upon aging indicate their quasi-,slow-ordering character.Extended tight binding molecular dynamics simulations provide an insight into the mechanism underlying the ionic-group aggregation during nanoclustering.We hence proposed an uncommon state of order,polymer-bound ceramic quasicrystal,supplementary to the order phenomena in crystalline ceramics.展开更多
AI,as a strategic technology leading the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,is profoundly reshaping people’s work and life.Chinese President Xi Jinping called for promo...AI,as a strategic technology leading the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,is profoundly reshaping people’s work and life.Chinese President Xi Jinping called for promoting a healthy and orderly development of AI during the 20th group study session of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee held on 25 April 2025.展开更多
Water molecules can form hydrogen bonds.At the solid surfaces,the preferential alignment of water molecules due to the heterogeneous atomic distributions can induce ordered hydrogen bond networks of water molecules wi...Water molecules can form hydrogen bonds.At the solid surfaces,the preferential alignment of water molecules due to the heterogeneous atomic distributions can induce ordered hydrogen bond networks of water molecules with spatially heterogeneous patterns and slower dynamics compared to bulk water.Both the confinement and the surface atomic structures can induce the water phase transitions at low dimensional spaces.Here,we review how the phase transitions of interfacial water affect the surface physical behaviors,such as wetting,ice nucleation and the terahertz-wave-water interactions,from solid materials to the biological surfaces.These works help extend our knowledge of the physics properties of the interfacial water,particularly the multi-phase behaviors in materials and biology sciences.展开更多
Membra ne electrode assemblies(MEAs)are pivotal to advancing proton exchange membra ne water electrolysis(PEMWE),yet conventional designs suffer from limited triple-phase boundaries(TPBs),inefficient mass/charge trans...Membra ne electrode assemblies(MEAs)are pivotal to advancing proton exchange membra ne water electrolysis(PEMWE),yet conventional designs suffer from limited triple-phase boundaries(TPBs),inefficient mass/charge transport,and insufficient durability.This study introduces a three-dimensional ordered pattern-array(3D OPA)architecture fabricated via a scalable laser-machined mask and hot-pressing strategy.The 3D OPA MEA achieves a current density of 3.73 A cm^(-2) at 2 V,demonstrating a 50%performance improvement over the conventional MEA(2.48 A cm^(-2)),alongside a degradation rate of 26.6μV h^(-1) in a highly dynamic accelerated stress test(AST).Additionally,numerical simulations corroborate that the OPA architecture optimizes localized oxygen diffusion and liquid water replenishment,enhancing reaction kinetics.The 3D OPA architecture enhances TPBs and establishes optimized gas-liquid tra nsport pathways,significantly improving catalyst utilization while minimizing mass transfer overpotential and bubble-induced losses.Furthermore,its interlocking design reinforces mechanical interactions,reducing ohmic resistance a nd ensuring sustained mecha nical integrity and electrochemical durability.This work provides a simple,cost-effective,and scalable approach for patterned MEAs,addressing critical barriers to PEMWE commercialization through rational TPB engineering and transport pathway optimization.展开更多
China will continue to promote world peace and stability during reconstruction of the international order.AT present,the international order is being transformed at an unprecedented rate,and the global governance syst...China will continue to promote world peace and stability during reconstruction of the international order.AT present,the international order is being transformed at an unprecedented rate,and the global governance system is facing profound adjustments.Deficits in security,development,and technology are increasingly intertwined,presenting the international community with a critical choice of direction.展开更多
Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to study the effect of chemical short-range order(CSRO)on the primary radiation damage in TiVTaNb high-entropy alloys(HEAs).We have performed displacement cascade simula...Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to study the effect of chemical short-range order(CSRO)on the primary radiation damage in TiVTaNb high-entropy alloys(HEAs).We have performed displacement cascade simulations to explore the CSRO effect on the generation and evolution behaviors of irradiation defects.The results demonstrate that CSRO can suppress the formation of Frenkel pairs in TiVTaNb HEAs,with the suppression effect becoming more pronounced as the degree of CSRO increases.CSRO can change the types of interstitial defects generated during cascade collisions.Specifically,as the degree of CSRO increases,the proportion of Ti-related interstitials shows a marked enhancement,primarily evidenced by a significant rise in Ti–Ti dumbbells accompanied by a corresponding decrease in Ti–V dumbbells.CSRO exhibits negligible influence on defect clustering and the nucleation and evolution of dislocation loops.Regardless of CSRO conditions,TiVTaNb HEAs preserve exceptional radiation tolerance throughout the cascade damage process,suggesting that the intrinsic properties of this multi-principal element system dominate its radiation response.These findings provide fundamental insights into the CSRO effect on defect formation and evolution behaviors in HEAs,which may provide new design strategies for high-entropy alloys.展开更多
To address the issue that hybrid flow shop production struggles to handle order disturbance events,a dynamic scheduling model was constructed.The model takes minimizing the maximum makespan,delivery time deviation,and...To address the issue that hybrid flow shop production struggles to handle order disturbance events,a dynamic scheduling model was constructed.The model takes minimizing the maximum makespan,delivery time deviation,and scheme deviation degree as the optimization objectives.An adaptive dynamic scheduling strategy based on the degree of order disturbance is proposed.An improved multi-objective Grey Wolf(IMOGWO)optimization algorithm is designed by combining the“job-machine”two-layer encoding strategy,the timing-driven two-stage decoding strategy,the opposition-based learning initialization population strategy,the POX crossover strategy,the dualoperation dynamic mutation strategy,and the variable neighborhood search strategy for problem solving.A variety of test cases with different scales were designed,and ablation experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the improved strategies.The results show that each improved strategy can effectively enhance the performance of the IMOGWO.Additionally,performance analysis was conducted by comparing the proposed algorithm with three mature and classical algorithms.The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits superior performance in solving the hybrid flow-shop scheduling problem(HFSP).Case validations were conducted for different types of order disturbance scenarios.The results demonstrate that the proposed adaptive dynamic scheduling strategy and the IMOGWO algorithm can effectively address order disturbance events.They enable rapid response to order disturbance while ensuring the stability of the production system.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate long-term visual field(VF)prediction using K-means clustering in patients with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG).METHODS:Patients who underwent 24-2 VF tests≥10 were included in this study.Using 52 to...AIM:To evaluate long-term visual field(VF)prediction using K-means clustering in patients with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG).METHODS:Patients who underwent 24-2 VF tests≥10 were included in this study.Using 52 total deviation values(TDVs)from the first 10 VF tests of the training dataset,VF points were clustered into several regions using the hierarchical ordered partitioning and collapsing hybrid(HOPACH)and K-means clustering.Based on the clustering results,a linear regression analysis was applied to each clustered region of the testing dataset to predict the TDVs of the 10th VF test.Three to nine VF tests were used to predict the 10th VF test,and the prediction errors(root mean square error,RMSE)of each clustering method and pointwise linear regression(PLR)were compared.RESULTS:The training group consisted of 228 patients(mean age,54.20±14.38y;123 males and 105 females),and the testing group included 81 patients(mean age,54.88±15.22y;43 males and 38 females).All subjects were diagnosed with POAG.Fifty-two VF points were clustered into 11 and nine regions using HOPACH and K-means clustering,respectively.K-means clustering had a lower prediction error than PLR when n=1:3 and 1:4(both P≤0.003).The prediction errors of K-means clustering were lower than those of HOPACH in all sections(n=1:4 to 1:9;all P≤0.011),except for n=1:3(P=0.680).PLR outperformed K-means clustering only when n=1:8 and 1:9(both P≤0.020).CONCLUSION:K-means clustering can predict longterm VF test results more accurately in patients with POAG with limited VF data.展开更多
Accurate time delay estimation of target echo signals is a critical component of underwater target localization.In active sonar systems,echo signal processing is vulnerable to the effects of reverberation and noise in...Accurate time delay estimation of target echo signals is a critical component of underwater target localization.In active sonar systems,echo signal processing is vulnerable to the effects of reverberation and noise in the maritime environment.This paper proposes a novel method for estimating target time delay using multi-bright spot echoes,assuming the target’s size and depth are known.Aiming to effectively enhance the extraction of geometric features from the target echoes and mitigate the impact of reverberation and noise,the proposed approach employs the fractional order Fourier transform-frequency sliced wavelet transform to extract multi-bright spot echoes.Using the highlighting model theory and the target size information,an observation matrix is constructed to represent multi-angle incident signals and obtain the theoretical scattered echo signals from different angles.Aiming to accurately estimate the target’s time delay,waveform similarity coefficients and mean square error values between the theoretical return signals and received signals are computed across various incident angles and time delays.Simulation results show that,compared to the conventional matched filter,the proposed algorithm reduces the relative error by 65.9%-91.5%at a signal-to noise ratio of-25 dB,and by 66.7%-88.9%at a signal-to-reverberation ratio of−10 dB.This algorithm provides a new approach for the precise localization of submerged targets in shallow water environments.展开更多
While 2D/3D heterostructures are widely employed to improve the stability of perovskite optoelectronic devices,their effectiveness is fundamentally governed by the crystallinity of the interfacial structure -a factor ...While 2D/3D heterostructures are widely employed to improve the stability of perovskite optoelectronic devices,their effectiveness is fundamentally governed by the crystallinity of the interfacial structure -a factor often overlooked.Disordered interfaces exhibit thermodynamic metastability,where ion diffusion induces sequential phase transitions from low-n to high-n phases.Here,we construct atomically ordered 2D/3D interfaces using phase-pure 2D perovskite capping layers,which reduce the interfacial phase transition rate by 95%and effectively suppress ion migration.As a result,devices exhibit outstanding operational stability,retaining over 99%of their initial power conversion efficiency after 1500 h of continuous operation,along with excellent thermal durability at 85℃.These findings identify interfacial order as a critical parameter for regulating ion dynamics and phase behavior,providing a robust design principle for achieving high-efficiency,long-lifetime perovskite technologies.展开更多
文摘This paper studies high order compact finite volume methods on non-uniform meshes for one-dimensional elliptic and parabolic differential equations with the Robin boundary conditions.An explicit scheme and an implicit scheme are obtained by discretizing the equivalent integral form of the equation.For the explicit scheme with nodal values,the algebraic system can be solved by the Thomas method.For the implicit scheme with both nodal values and their derivatives,the system can be implemented by a prediction-correction procedure,where in the correction stage,an implicit formula for recovering the nodal derivatives is introduced.Taking two point boundary value problem as an example,we prove that both the explicit and implicit schemes are convergent with fourth order accuracy with respect to some standard discrete norms using the energy method.Two numerical examples demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the schemes,as well as the indispensability of using non-uniform meshes.
文摘GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR TRANSFORMING CHAOS INTO ORDERLY MULTIPOLARITY The current global geopolitical situation,marked by instability,the erosion of the post-WWII international order and the weakening of US unipolar dominance,requires joint efforts by major international actors and the wider international community to establish a functional international order for the twenty-first century.
文摘Journal Customer services For ordering information,claims and any enquiry concerning your journal subscription please go to contact your nearest office.America:Tel:(401)515-4764 Europe,Middle East,Africa and Asia Pacific:Email:asiaar@163.com;523404392@qq.com;434421224@qq.com Tel:+86-551-65148112 Annual subscription rate(12 issues):US$300.
文摘Making full use of the operator ordering method and the integration within ordered products,we obtain the analytical evolution law of a general quadratic state in the amplitude decay channel,and find that it is determined not only by the decay rate of the amplitude decay channel but also by the coefficients of the initial quadratic state.Further,the quantum statistical properties of the initial quadratic state for amplitude decay are investigated via its average photon number and photon-counting distribution,and its Wigner distribution function evolution is discussed in detail.
文摘Design concept Design Theme Color is not only a visual grammar but also a symbolic language of the spirit.This series,“In the Name of Color,”explores three states of the female inner world:awakening in chaos,order in return,and regeneration in flow.The works—Eye of the Storm,Back to the Seed,and Source—form a stream-of-consciousness journey from within to without.Based on the COLORO color system,the series is constructed through hue,chroma,lightness,and domain ratio,treating color as both emotional force and symbolic medium.
文摘At the start of the new year,Cao Xiucheng,Chairman of Henan No.2 Textile Machinery Co.,Ltd.,was on his way to visit clients when he kept receiving urgent calls from the Xinyang production base regarding order scheduling.It turned out that since the end of 2025,the company had successively secured bulk spindle orders from overseas clients in Bangladesh and other countries,coupled with continuous urgent requests for orders from domestic manufacturers.Faced with such a production peak right at the beginning of the year,Mr.Cao Xiucheng admitted,“It was truly unexpected.”
基金The National Social Science Foundation Youth Project of China:Research on the collaborative govemance path of administrative law and criminal law against dangerous driving behaviors in the digital-intelligent society(25CFX108)。
文摘With the continuous progress of automatic driving technology,automatic driving technology standards are gradually affecting the determination of criminal responsibility for traffic accidents in China.At present,the characteristics and tendency of China's automatic driving technology standards present the situation of high policy relevance coexisting with low normative binding,professionalism coexist with barriers,forefront coexist with ambiguity.Therefore,challenges are presented both theoretically and practically on the determination of criminal responsibility based on automatic driving technology standard..In this regard,the misunderstanding should be clarified in theory:The legal order under the automatic driving technology standard has constitutionality and systematic,and there is a balance between the frontier of automatic driving technology development and the lagging of criminal law.The automatic driving technology risk level system should be built to clarify the boundary of the effectiveness of criminal law norms,seeking fora breakthrough in the application of the establishment of a comprehensive judgment system of the risks and accidents and the system of evidence to prove the system,which clarifies the determination of criminal responsibility under the automatic driving technology standard.This essay hopes to pursue breakthroughs in the application-to establish a comprehensive judgment system of risks and accidents as well as an evidence proof system,so as to clarify the determination of criminal responsibility under automatic driving technology standards.
基金Supported by State Grid Corporation of China Science and Technology Project:Research on Key Technologies for Intelligent Carbon Metrology in Vehicle-to-Grid Interaction(Project Number:B3018524000Q).
文摘To achieve low-carbon regulation of electric vehicle(EV)charging loads under the“dual carbon”goals,this paper proposes a coordinated scheduling strategy that integrates dynamic carbon factor prediction and multiobjective optimization.First,a dual-convolution enhanced improved Crossformer prediction model is constructed,which employs parallel 1×1 global and 3×3 local convolutionmodules(Integrated Convolution Block,ICB)formultiscale feature extraction,combinedwith anAdaptive Spectral Block(ASB)to enhance time-series fluctuationmodeling.Based on high-precision predictions,a carbon-electricity cost joint optimization model is further designed to balance economic,environmental,and grid-friendly objectives.The model’s superiority was validated through a case study using real-world data from a renewable-heavy grid.Simulation results show that the proposed multi-objective strategy demonstrated a superior balance compared to baseline and benchmark models,achieving a 15.8%reduction in carbon emissions and a 5.2%reduction in economic costs,while still providing a substantial 22.2%reduction in the peak-valley difference.Its balanced performance significantly outperformed both a single-objective strategy and a state-of-the-art Model Predictive Control(MPC)benchmark,highlighting the advantage of a global optimization approach.This study provides theoretical and technical pathways for dynamic carbon factor-driven EV charging optimization.
文摘Multiple diagnoses,from both East and West,converge on the view that we are living through a turbulent juncture reminiscent of the inflection points that preceded major wars,not as a claim of historical symmetry,but as an indication of the depth of the present crisis.What concerns us here is to affirm the essence of that assessment:we are indeed facing an unprecedented crisis that compels a rethinking of the entire existing international order,as U.S.
基金Sponsored the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42502088)the National Major Science and Technology Project of China(2025ZD1007504-1)+2 种基金the Special Research Fund of Natural Science(Special Post)of Guizhou University(X202402)the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects(QKHJC[2024]youth 153)the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation(2024D01A147)。
文摘Lithium(Li)is an‘emerging'environmental pollutant,especially in soil,which is a great concern because it can endanger human health through the food chain.Compared with traditional chemical analyses,hyperspectral techniques have achieved many exciting results in soil metal monitoring due to their advantages of being fast and non-destructive.However,insufficient attention has been paid to lithium in soil,and the feasibility of its estimation using hyperspectral techniques needs to be investigated.We studied 97 soil samples from claytype lithium mines in the Ertanggou area of the East Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang to explore the effects of spectral resolution,fractional order derivatives(FOD),and characteristic band selection on the estimation accuracy of clay Li content,to obtain a fast and effective method for estimating clay Li content.Finally,we developed a new method for rapid and nondestructive estimation of soil lithium content.We have obtained some important results from the study.Spectral resolution exerts a significant impact on model performance,and its reduction usually leads to a decline in model performance.For the full band,the models constructed with low-order derivatives were superior to those with high-order derivatives,and the best model was obtained at the 0.4-order derivative(coefficient of determination(R^(2))and relative predictive deviation(RPD)of 0.777 and 2.118,respectively).In the characteristic bands,the lower order is sensitive to the visible-near-infrared range,and the higher order is sensitive to the short-wave infrared range,and the model constructed with the higher-order derivatives outperforms the lower-order derivatives.In this study,the combination of FOD and Random Forest(RF)can significantly improve the model performance,with R^(2),Relative Root Mean Squared Error(RRMSE),and RPD being 0.849,1.526,and 2.574,respectively.Therefore,this research provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for imaging hyperspectral exploration of anomalous areas of clay-type Li resources.
基金Funded by the Hubei Province Key Research Foundation for Water Resources,China(No.HBSLKY2023035)as well as by the Technology Foundation for Selected Overseas Scholars,Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security,China(No.[2013]277)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Hubei Province of China(No.2014CFA094)the Overseas High-level Talents Scientific-research Starting Fund of Hubei University of Technology,China(HBUTscience-[2005]2)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51703053)。
文摘When a ceramic ionic-crystal nanocluster is group-substituted with polymer chain segments to form an ionomeric aggregate,is the ordered structure maintained within the sterically hindered nanocluster?We observed,for Na-salt sulfonated polystyrene ionomer,the electron-diffraction lattice fringes of the nanoclusters,which proved their internal crystalline ordering driven by electrostatic attractions overcoming steric hindrance.Kinetically,the nanoclusters'enhanced melting endotherm upon aging indicate their quasi-,slow-ordering character.Extended tight binding molecular dynamics simulations provide an insight into the mechanism underlying the ionic-group aggregation during nanoclustering.We hence proposed an uncommon state of order,polymer-bound ceramic quasicrystal,supplementary to the order phenomena in crystalline ceramics.
文摘AI,as a strategic technology leading the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,is profoundly reshaping people’s work and life.Chinese President Xi Jinping called for promoting a healthy and orderly development of AI during the 20th group study session of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee held on 25 April 2025.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22576126,12074394,12022508).
文摘Water molecules can form hydrogen bonds.At the solid surfaces,the preferential alignment of water molecules due to the heterogeneous atomic distributions can induce ordered hydrogen bond networks of water molecules with spatially heterogeneous patterns and slower dynamics compared to bulk water.Both the confinement and the surface atomic structures can induce the water phase transitions at low dimensional spaces.Here,we review how the phase transitions of interfacial water affect the surface physical behaviors,such as wetting,ice nucleation and the terahertz-wave-water interactions,from solid materials to the biological surfaces.These works help extend our knowledge of the physics properties of the interfacial water,particularly the multi-phase behaviors in materials and biology sciences.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22579043,52461040,22202053,52274297)the Hainan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(G20250218018E)+2 种基金the first batch of“Nanhai New Star”industrial innovation talent platform project(202309006)the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(ZDYF2025GXJS004)the Start-up Research Foundation of Hainan University(KYQD(ZR)-21124)。
文摘Membra ne electrode assemblies(MEAs)are pivotal to advancing proton exchange membra ne water electrolysis(PEMWE),yet conventional designs suffer from limited triple-phase boundaries(TPBs),inefficient mass/charge transport,and insufficient durability.This study introduces a three-dimensional ordered pattern-array(3D OPA)architecture fabricated via a scalable laser-machined mask and hot-pressing strategy.The 3D OPA MEA achieves a current density of 3.73 A cm^(-2) at 2 V,demonstrating a 50%performance improvement over the conventional MEA(2.48 A cm^(-2)),alongside a degradation rate of 26.6μV h^(-1) in a highly dynamic accelerated stress test(AST).Additionally,numerical simulations corroborate that the OPA architecture optimizes localized oxygen diffusion and liquid water replenishment,enhancing reaction kinetics.The 3D OPA architecture enhances TPBs and establishes optimized gas-liquid tra nsport pathways,significantly improving catalyst utilization while minimizing mass transfer overpotential and bubble-induced losses.Furthermore,its interlocking design reinforces mechanical interactions,reducing ohmic resistance a nd ensuring sustained mecha nical integrity and electrochemical durability.This work provides a simple,cost-effective,and scalable approach for patterned MEAs,addressing critical barriers to PEMWE commercialization through rational TPB engineering and transport pathway optimization.
文摘China will continue to promote world peace and stability during reconstruction of the international order.AT present,the international order is being transformed at an unprecedented rate,and the global governance system is facing profound adjustments.Deficits in security,development,and technology are increasingly intertwined,presenting the international community with a critical choice of direction.
基金Project supported by the Youth Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12405324)the CNNC Science Fund for Talented Young Scholars(Grant No.24940)the CNNC Basic Science Fund(Grant No.24851)。
文摘Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to study the effect of chemical short-range order(CSRO)on the primary radiation damage in TiVTaNb high-entropy alloys(HEAs).We have performed displacement cascade simulations to explore the CSRO effect on the generation and evolution behaviors of irradiation defects.The results demonstrate that CSRO can suppress the formation of Frenkel pairs in TiVTaNb HEAs,with the suppression effect becoming more pronounced as the degree of CSRO increases.CSRO can change the types of interstitial defects generated during cascade collisions.Specifically,as the degree of CSRO increases,the proportion of Ti-related interstitials shows a marked enhancement,primarily evidenced by a significant rise in Ti–Ti dumbbells accompanied by a corresponding decrease in Ti–V dumbbells.CSRO exhibits negligible influence on defect clustering and the nucleation and evolution of dislocation loops.Regardless of CSRO conditions,TiVTaNb HEAs preserve exceptional radiation tolerance throughout the cascade damage process,suggesting that the intrinsic properties of this multi-principal element system dominate its radiation response.These findings provide fundamental insights into the CSRO effect on defect formation and evolution behaviors in HEAs,which may provide new design strategies for high-entropy alloys.
基金funded by National Key Research and Development Program Projects of China under Grant No.2020YFB1713500.
文摘To address the issue that hybrid flow shop production struggles to handle order disturbance events,a dynamic scheduling model was constructed.The model takes minimizing the maximum makespan,delivery time deviation,and scheme deviation degree as the optimization objectives.An adaptive dynamic scheduling strategy based on the degree of order disturbance is proposed.An improved multi-objective Grey Wolf(IMOGWO)optimization algorithm is designed by combining the“job-machine”two-layer encoding strategy,the timing-driven two-stage decoding strategy,the opposition-based learning initialization population strategy,the POX crossover strategy,the dualoperation dynamic mutation strategy,and the variable neighborhood search strategy for problem solving.A variety of test cases with different scales were designed,and ablation experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the improved strategies.The results show that each improved strategy can effectively enhance the performance of the IMOGWO.Additionally,performance analysis was conducted by comparing the proposed algorithm with three mature and classical algorithms.The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits superior performance in solving the hybrid flow-shop scheduling problem(HFSP).Case validations were conducted for different types of order disturbance scenarios.The results demonstrate that the proposed adaptive dynamic scheduling strategy and the IMOGWO algorithm can effectively address order disturbance events.They enable rapid response to order disturbance while ensuring the stability of the production system.
基金Supported by the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute(KHIDI),the Ministry of Health&Welfare,Republic of Korea(No.RS-2020-KH088726)the Patient-Centered Clinical Research Coordinating Center(PACEN),the Ministry of Health and Welfare,Republic of Korea(No.HC19C0276)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),the Korea Government(MSIT)(No.RS-2023-00247504).
文摘AIM:To evaluate long-term visual field(VF)prediction using K-means clustering in patients with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG).METHODS:Patients who underwent 24-2 VF tests≥10 were included in this study.Using 52 total deviation values(TDVs)from the first 10 VF tests of the training dataset,VF points were clustered into several regions using the hierarchical ordered partitioning and collapsing hybrid(HOPACH)and K-means clustering.Based on the clustering results,a linear regression analysis was applied to each clustered region of the testing dataset to predict the TDVs of the 10th VF test.Three to nine VF tests were used to predict the 10th VF test,and the prediction errors(root mean square error,RMSE)of each clustering method and pointwise linear regression(PLR)were compared.RESULTS:The training group consisted of 228 patients(mean age,54.20±14.38y;123 males and 105 females),and the testing group included 81 patients(mean age,54.88±15.22y;43 males and 38 females).All subjects were diagnosed with POAG.Fifty-two VF points were clustered into 11 and nine regions using HOPACH and K-means clustering,respectively.K-means clustering had a lower prediction error than PLR when n=1:3 and 1:4(both P≤0.003).The prediction errors of K-means clustering were lower than those of HOPACH in all sections(n=1:4 to 1:9;all P≤0.011),except for n=1:3(P=0.680).PLR outperformed K-means clustering only when n=1:8 and 1:9(both P≤0.020).CONCLUSION:K-means clustering can predict longterm VF test results more accurately in patients with POAG with limited VF data.
基金Supported by the State Key Laboratory of Acoustics and Marine Information Chinese Academy of Sciences(SKL A202507).
文摘Accurate time delay estimation of target echo signals is a critical component of underwater target localization.In active sonar systems,echo signal processing is vulnerable to the effects of reverberation and noise in the maritime environment.This paper proposes a novel method for estimating target time delay using multi-bright spot echoes,assuming the target’s size and depth are known.Aiming to effectively enhance the extraction of geometric features from the target echoes and mitigate the impact of reverberation and noise,the proposed approach employs the fractional order Fourier transform-frequency sliced wavelet transform to extract multi-bright spot echoes.Using the highlighting model theory and the target size information,an observation matrix is constructed to represent multi-angle incident signals and obtain the theoretical scattered echo signals from different angles.Aiming to accurately estimate the target’s time delay,waveform similarity coefficients and mean square error values between the theoretical return signals and received signals are computed across various incident angles and time delays.Simulation results show that,compared to the conventional matched filter,the proposed algorithm reduces the relative error by 65.9%-91.5%at a signal-to noise ratio of-25 dB,and by 66.7%-88.9%at a signal-to-reverberation ratio of−10 dB.This algorithm provides a new approach for the precise localization of submerged targets in shallow water environments.
基金funding supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB1140000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22379156,U23A20141)+1 种基金Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory(QIBEBT/SEI/QNESL S202305)Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China(2024SFGC0102)。
文摘While 2D/3D heterostructures are widely employed to improve the stability of perovskite optoelectronic devices,their effectiveness is fundamentally governed by the crystallinity of the interfacial structure -a factor often overlooked.Disordered interfaces exhibit thermodynamic metastability,where ion diffusion induces sequential phase transitions from low-n to high-n phases.Here,we construct atomically ordered 2D/3D interfaces using phase-pure 2D perovskite capping layers,which reduce the interfacial phase transition rate by 95%and effectively suppress ion migration.As a result,devices exhibit outstanding operational stability,retaining over 99%of their initial power conversion efficiency after 1500 h of continuous operation,along with excellent thermal durability at 85℃.These findings identify interfacial order as a critical parameter for regulating ion dynamics and phase behavior,providing a robust design principle for achieving high-efficiency,long-lifetime perovskite technologies.
