The osteochondral(OC)interface exhibits a mineral gradient,varying in thickness by several hundred micrometers across different species.Disruptions in this interface damage OC tissues,leading to osteoarthritis.The nat...The osteochondral(OC)interface exhibits a mineral gradient,varying in thickness by several hundred micrometers across different species.Disruptions in this interface damage OC tissues,leading to osteoarthritis.The natural architecture and composition of native OC interfaces can be replicated using biomaterial scaffolds via regenerative engineering approaches.A novel one-step bioextrusion process was employed to fabricate a unitary synthetic graft(USG),which mimics the native OC interface’s mineral concentration gradient.This novel USG is composed of an agarose-based cartilage layer and a bone layer,consisting of agarose enriched with 20%(200 g/L)hydroxyapatite.The USG features a gradient interface with mineral concentrations transitioning from 0%to 20%(mass fraction),mimicking the transition between the cartilage and bone.Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the gradient transition lengths of the graft and native OC tissue harvested from bovine knees were similar((647±21)vs.(633±124)μm).The linear viscoelastic properties of the grafts,which were evaluated using strain sweep and frequency sweep tests with oscillatory shear,indicated a dominant storage modulus over loss modulus similar to that of native OC tissues.The compressive and stress relaxation behaviors of the USGs demonstrated that the graft maintained structural integrity under mechanical stress.Viability assays performed after bioextrusion showed that chondrocytes and human fetal osteoblast cells successfully integrated and survived within their designated regions of the graft.The novel USGs exhibit properties similar to native OC tissue and are promising candidates for regenerating OC defects and restoring knee joint functionality.展开更多
Ovarian cancer(OC)remains one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies globally.Despite the implementation of various medical imaging approaches for OC screening,achieving accurate differential diagnosis of ovari...Ovarian cancer(OC)remains one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies globally.Despite the implementation of various medical imaging approaches for OC screening,achieving accurate differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors continues to pose significant challenges due to variability in image performance,resulting in a lack of objectivity that relies heavily on the expertise of medical professionals.This challenge can be addressed through the emergence and advancement of radiomics,which enables high-throughput extraction of valuable information from conventional medical images.Furthermore,radiomics can integrate with genomics,a novel approach termed radiogenomics,which allows for a more comprehensive,precise,and personalized assessment of tumor biological features.In this review,we present an extensive overview of the application of radiomics and radiogenomics in diagnosing and predicting ovarian tumors.The findings indicate that artificial intelligence methods based on imaging can accurately differentiate between benign and malignant ovarian tumors,as well as classify their subtypes.Moreover,these methods are effective in forecasting survival rates,treatment outcomes,metastasis risk,and recurrence for patients with OC.It is anticipated that these advancements will function as decision-support tools for managing OC while contributing to the advancement of precision medicine.展开更多
We conducted a comprehensive analysis of seasonal and long-term variations in organic carbon(OC),elemental carbon(EC),primary organic carbon(POC),and secondary organic carbon(SOC)among total suspended particles on Hua...We conducted a comprehensive analysis of seasonal and long-term variations in organic carbon(OC),elemental carbon(EC),primary organic carbon(POC),and secondary organic carbon(SOC)among total suspended particles on Huaniao Island,China,from 2011 to 2020.The highest OC and EC concentrations were observed in 2014(OC,4.13μg/m^(3))and 2013(EC,1.21μg/m^(3)),respectively;for both,the lowest concentrations occurred in 2017(OC,1.56μg/m^(3);EC,0.69μg/m^(3)).OC and EC exhibited seasonal variations,such that the highest and lowest values for both occurred in winter and summer,respectively;particularly high concentrations were observed in the winter of 2014 on Huaniao Island.By 2020,winter OC and EC concentrations had decreased by 43%and 36%,whereas autumn OC and EC concentrations increased by 38%and 160%compared with 2014.In terms of carbon components,the proportions of OC4 and EC1 significantly declined,whereas the proportions of OC3 and OC2 increased,during the study period.Higher POC and SOC concentrations were mainly observed during the autumn–winter and winter–spring transition periods.POC was most strongly correlated with OC2,followed by OC4 and EC1.SOC was strongly correlated with OC3,especially in winter.These findings highlight the characteristics of temporal variations in individual carbon components,as well as possible associations with POC and SOC.展开更多
Polynyas and their adjacent seasonal ice zones(SIZs)represent the most productive regions in the Southern Ocean,supporting unique food webs that are highly sensitive to climate change.Understanding the dynamics of phy...Polynyas and their adjacent seasonal ice zones(SIZs)represent the most productive regions in the Southern Ocean,supporting unique food webs that are highly sensitive to climate change.Understanding the dynamics of phytoplankton and the carbon pool in these areas is crucial for assessing the role of the Southern Ocean in global carbon cycling.During the late stage of an algal bloom,seawater samples at 14 stations were collected in the Amundsen Sea Polynya(ASP)and adjacent SIZ.Using nutrients,phytoplankton pigments,organic carbon(OC),remote sensing data,and physicochemical measurements,as well as CHEMTAX model simulations,we investigated the response of the phytoplankton crops,taxonomic composition,and OC pool to environmental factors.Our analyses revealed that hydrodynamic regimes of the polynya,adjacent SIZs and open sea were regulated by the regionally varying intrusion of Circumpolar Deep Water,photosynthetically active radiation and sea ice melt water.The ASP exhibited the highest seasonal nutrient utilization rates[ΔN=(1059±386)mmol/m^(2),ΔP=(50±17)mmol/m^(2) andΔSi=(956±904)mmol/m^(2)],while the open sea had lower rates.The integrated chlorophyll a(Chl a)concentration at depths of 0–200 m ranged from 20.4 mg/m^(2) to 1420.0 mg/m^(2) and peaked in the polynya.In the study area,Haptophytes Phaeocystis antarctica was the dominant functional group(34%±27%),and diatoms acted as a secondary contributor(23%±14%).The major functional group and particulate OC(POC)contributor varied from diatoms(36%±12%)in the open sea to haptophytes(48%±31%)in the polynya waters.Strong light conditions and microelement limitations promoted the dominance of P.antarctica(low Fe forms)dominance in the ASP.The strong correlations between the POC and Chl a depth-integrated concentration suggest that the POC was primarily derived from phytoplankton,while dissolved OC(DOC)was influenced by consumer activity and water mass transport.In addition,the transport of OC in the upper 200 m of the water column within the ASP was quantified,revealing the predominantly westward fluxes for both DOC[9.0 mg/(m^(2)·s)]and POC[7.2 mg/(m^(2)·s)].The latitudinal transport exhibited the northward transport of DOC[8.1 mg/(m^(2)·s)]and southward transport of POC[4.3 mg/(m^(2)·s)]movement.These findings have significant implications for enhancing our understanding of how hydrodynamics influence OC cycling in polynya regions.展开更多
基金supported by the School of Engineering and Digital Sciences of Nazarbayev University,Astana,Kazakhstan(to CE)。
文摘The osteochondral(OC)interface exhibits a mineral gradient,varying in thickness by several hundred micrometers across different species.Disruptions in this interface damage OC tissues,leading to osteoarthritis.The natural architecture and composition of native OC interfaces can be replicated using biomaterial scaffolds via regenerative engineering approaches.A novel one-step bioextrusion process was employed to fabricate a unitary synthetic graft(USG),which mimics the native OC interface’s mineral concentration gradient.This novel USG is composed of an agarose-based cartilage layer and a bone layer,consisting of agarose enriched with 20%(200 g/L)hydroxyapatite.The USG features a gradient interface with mineral concentrations transitioning from 0%to 20%(mass fraction),mimicking the transition between the cartilage and bone.Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the gradient transition lengths of the graft and native OC tissue harvested from bovine knees were similar((647±21)vs.(633±124)μm).The linear viscoelastic properties of the grafts,which were evaluated using strain sweep and frequency sweep tests with oscillatory shear,indicated a dominant storage modulus over loss modulus similar to that of native OC tissues.The compressive and stress relaxation behaviors of the USGs demonstrated that the graft maintained structural integrity under mechanical stress.Viability assays performed after bioextrusion showed that chondrocytes and human fetal osteoblast cells successfully integrated and survived within their designated regions of the graft.The novel USGs exhibit properties similar to native OC tissue and are promising candidates for regenerating OC defects and restoring knee joint functionality.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82001846)the 345 Talent Project of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University.
文摘Ovarian cancer(OC)remains one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies globally.Despite the implementation of various medical imaging approaches for OC screening,achieving accurate differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors continues to pose significant challenges due to variability in image performance,resulting in a lack of objectivity that relies heavily on the expertise of medical professionals.This challenge can be addressed through the emergence and advancement of radiomics,which enables high-throughput extraction of valuable information from conventional medical images.Furthermore,radiomics can integrate with genomics,a novel approach termed radiogenomics,which allows for a more comprehensive,precise,and personalized assessment of tumor biological features.In this review,we present an extensive overview of the application of radiomics and radiogenomics in diagnosing and predicting ovarian tumors.The findings indicate that artificial intelligence methods based on imaging can accurately differentiate between benign and malignant ovarian tumors,as well as classify their subtypes.Moreover,these methods are effective in forecasting survival rates,treatment outcomes,metastasis risk,and recurrence for patients with OC.It is anticipated that these advancements will function as decision-support tools for managing OC while contributing to the advancement of precision medicine.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42076205 and 42376195).
文摘We conducted a comprehensive analysis of seasonal and long-term variations in organic carbon(OC),elemental carbon(EC),primary organic carbon(POC),and secondary organic carbon(SOC)among total suspended particles on Huaniao Island,China,from 2011 to 2020.The highest OC and EC concentrations were observed in 2014(OC,4.13μg/m^(3))and 2013(EC,1.21μg/m^(3)),respectively;for both,the lowest concentrations occurred in 2017(OC,1.56μg/m^(3);EC,0.69μg/m^(3)).OC and EC exhibited seasonal variations,such that the highest and lowest values for both occurred in winter and summer,respectively;particularly high concentrations were observed in the winter of 2014 on Huaniao Island.By 2020,winter OC and EC concentrations had decreased by 43%and 36%,whereas autumn OC and EC concentrations increased by 38%and 160%compared with 2014.In terms of carbon components,the proportions of OC4 and EC1 significantly declined,whereas the proportions of OC3 and OC2 increased,during the study period.Higher POC and SOC concentrations were mainly observed during the autumn–winter and winter–spring transition periods.POC was most strongly correlated with OC2,followed by OC4 and EC1.SOC was strongly correlated with OC3,especially in winter.These findings highlight the characteristics of temporal variations in individual carbon components,as well as possible associations with POC and SOC.
基金The National Polar Special Program under contract Nos IRASCC 01-01-02 and IRASCC 02-02the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41976228,42276255,41976227,42176227,and 42076243+1 种基金the International Cooperation Key Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology under contract No.2022YFE0136500the Scientific Research Fund of the Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,under contract Nos JG2011,JG2211,JG2013,and JG1805.
文摘Polynyas and their adjacent seasonal ice zones(SIZs)represent the most productive regions in the Southern Ocean,supporting unique food webs that are highly sensitive to climate change.Understanding the dynamics of phytoplankton and the carbon pool in these areas is crucial for assessing the role of the Southern Ocean in global carbon cycling.During the late stage of an algal bloom,seawater samples at 14 stations were collected in the Amundsen Sea Polynya(ASP)and adjacent SIZ.Using nutrients,phytoplankton pigments,organic carbon(OC),remote sensing data,and physicochemical measurements,as well as CHEMTAX model simulations,we investigated the response of the phytoplankton crops,taxonomic composition,and OC pool to environmental factors.Our analyses revealed that hydrodynamic regimes of the polynya,adjacent SIZs and open sea were regulated by the regionally varying intrusion of Circumpolar Deep Water,photosynthetically active radiation and sea ice melt water.The ASP exhibited the highest seasonal nutrient utilization rates[ΔN=(1059±386)mmol/m^(2),ΔP=(50±17)mmol/m^(2) andΔSi=(956±904)mmol/m^(2)],while the open sea had lower rates.The integrated chlorophyll a(Chl a)concentration at depths of 0–200 m ranged from 20.4 mg/m^(2) to 1420.0 mg/m^(2) and peaked in the polynya.In the study area,Haptophytes Phaeocystis antarctica was the dominant functional group(34%±27%),and diatoms acted as a secondary contributor(23%±14%).The major functional group and particulate OC(POC)contributor varied from diatoms(36%±12%)in the open sea to haptophytes(48%±31%)in the polynya waters.Strong light conditions and microelement limitations promoted the dominance of P.antarctica(low Fe forms)dominance in the ASP.The strong correlations between the POC and Chl a depth-integrated concentration suggest that the POC was primarily derived from phytoplankton,while dissolved OC(DOC)was influenced by consumer activity and water mass transport.In addition,the transport of OC in the upper 200 m of the water column within the ASP was quantified,revealing the predominantly westward fluxes for both DOC[9.0 mg/(m^(2)·s)]and POC[7.2 mg/(m^(2)·s)].The latitudinal transport exhibited the northward transport of DOC[8.1 mg/(m^(2)·s)]and southward transport of POC[4.3 mg/(m^(2)·s)]movement.These findings have significant implications for enhancing our understanding of how hydrodynamics influence OC cycling in polynya regions.
