BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with high mortality-to-incidence ratios. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 3(NFE2 L3), also known as NRF3, is a member of the cap ‘n&#...BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with high mortality-to-incidence ratios. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 3(NFE2 L3), also known as NRF3, is a member of the cap ‘n' collar basic-region leucine zipper family of transcription factors. NFE2 L3 is involved in the regulation of various biological processes, whereas its role in HCC has not been elucidated.AIM To explore the expression and biological function of NFE2 L3 in HCC.METHODS We analyzed the expression of NFE2 L3 in HCC tissues and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters based on The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) data portal. Short hairpin RNA(shRNA) interference technology was utilized to knock down NFE2 L3 in vitro. Cell apoptosis, clone formation, proliferation, migration,and invasion assays were used to identify the biological effects of NFE2 L3 in BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721 cells. The expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) markers was examined by Western blot analysis.RESULTS TCGA analysis showed that NFE2 L3 expression was significantly positively correlated with tumor grade, T stage, and pathologic stage. The qPCR and Western blot results showed that both the mRNA and protein levels of NFE2 L3 were significantly decreased after shRNA-mediated knockdown in BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721 cells. The shRNA-mediated knockdown of NFE2 L3 could induce apoptosis and inhibit the clone formation and cell proliferation of SMMC-7721 and BEL-7404 cells. NFE2 L3 knockdown also significantly suppressed the migration, invasion, and EMT of the two cell lines.CONCLUSION Our study showed that shRNA-mediated knockdown of NFE2 L3 exhibited tumor-suppressing effects in HCC cells.展开更多
The actin nucleator actin-related protein complex(Arp2/3) is composed of seven subunits: Arp2,Arp3, p40/ARPC1(P40), p34/ARPC2(P34), p21/ARPC3(P21), p20/ARPC4(P20), and p16/ARPC5(P16). Arp2/3 plays crucial roles in a v...The actin nucleator actin-related protein complex(Arp2/3) is composed of seven subunits: Arp2,Arp3, p40/ARPC1(P40), p34/ARPC2(P34), p21/ARPC3(P21), p20/ARPC4(P20), and p16/ARPC5(P16). Arp2/3 plays crucial roles in a variety of cellular activities through regulation of actin polymerization. Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(Ac MNPV), one of the beststudied alphabaculoviruses, induces Arp2/3 nuclear relocation and mediates nuclear actin polymerization to assist in virus replication. We have demonstrated that Ac34, a viral late-gene product, induces translocation of the P40 subunit of Arp2/3 to the nucleus during Ac MNPV infection. However, it remains unknown whether Ac34 could relocate other Arp2/3 subunits to the nucleus. In this study, the effects of the viral protein Ac34 on the distribution of these subunits were studied by an immunofluorescence assay. Arp2, P34, P21, and P20 cloned from Spodoptera frugiperda(Sf9) cells showed mainly cytoplasmic localization and were relocated to the nucleus in the presence of Ac34. In addition, Arp3 was localized in the cytoplasm in both the presence and absence of Ac34, and P16 showed whole-cell localization. In contrast to Sf9 cells, all subunits of mammalian Arp2/3 showed no nuclear relocation in the presence of Ac34. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis of the interaction between Ac34 and Arp2/3 subunits revealed that Ac34 bound to P40,P34, and P20 of Sf9 cells. However, none of the subunits of mammalian Arp2/3 interacted with Ac34, indicating that protein-protein interaction is essential for Ac34 to relocate Arp2/3 subunits to the nucleus.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colony-stimulating factor 3(CSF3)and its receptor(CSF3R)are known to promote gastric cancer(GC)growth and metastasis.However,their effects on the immune microenvironment remain unclear.Our analysis indicate...BACKGROUND Colony-stimulating factor 3(CSF3)and its receptor(CSF3R)are known to promote gastric cancer(GC)growth and metastasis.However,their effects on the immune microenvironment remain unclear.Our analysis indicated a potential link between CSF3R expression and the immunosuppressive receptor leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B2(LILRB2)in GC.We hypothesized that CSF3/CSF3R may regulate LILRB2 and its ligands,angiopoietin-like protein 2(ANGPTL2)and human leukocyte antigen-G(HLA-G),contributing to immunosuppression.AIM To investigate the relationship between CSF3/CSF3R and LILRB2,as well as its ligands ANGPTL2 and HLA-G,in GC.METHODS Transcriptome sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas were analyzed,stratifying patients by CSF3R expression.Differentially expressed genes and immune checkpoints were evaluated.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)was performed on GC tissues.Correlation analyses of CSF3R,LILRB2,ANGPTL2,and HLA-G were conducted using The Cancer Genome Atlas data and IHC results.GC cells were treated with CSF3,and expression levels of LILRB2,ANGPTL2,and HLA-G were measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.RESULTS Among 122 upregulated genes in high CSF3R expression groups,LILRB2 showed the most significant increase.IHC results indicated high expression of LILRB2(63.0%),ANGPTL2(56.5%),and HLA-G(73.9%)in GC tissues.Strong positive correlations existed between CSF3R and LILRB2,ANGPTL2,and HLA-G mRNA levels(P<0.001).IHC confirmed positive correlations between CSF3R and LILRB2(P<0.001),and HLA-G(P=0.010),but not ANGPTL2(P>0.05).CSF3 increased LILRB2,ANGPTL2,and HLA-G expression in GC cells.Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 modulation significantly altered their expression,impacting CSF3’s regulatory effects.CONCLUSION The CSF3/CSF3R pathway may contribute to immunosuppression in GC by upregulating LILRB2 and its ligands,with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 playing a regulatory role.展开更多
Accurate water level measurement in nuclear reactors,particularly in PWRs(pressurized water reactors)and BWRs(boiling water reactors),is essential for ensuring the safety and efficiency of reactor operations.K-type HJ...Accurate water level measurement in nuclear reactors,particularly in PWRs(pressurized water reactors)and BWRs(boiling water reactors),is essential for ensuring the safety and efficiency of reactor operations.K-type HJTCs(heated junction thermocouples)are widely used for this purpose due to their ability to withstand extreme temperatures and radiation conditions.This article explores the role of HJTCs in reactor water level measurement and compares the performance of 2-wire and 3-wire connections.While the 2-wire connection is simple and cost-effective,it can introduce measurement inaccuracies due to wire resistance.In contrast,the 3-wire connection compensates for lead resistance,offering more precise and reliable measurements,particularly in long-distance applications.This paper discusses the operational considerations of these wiring configurations in the context of nuclear reactors and highlights the importance of choosing the appropriate connection type to optimize safety and measurement accuracy in PWR and BWR reactors.展开更多
The 3 P F2 superfluidity of neutron and proton is investigated in isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter within the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach and the BCS theory by adopting the Argonne V14 and the Argonne V18 nucleon...The 3 P F2 superfluidity of neutron and proton is investigated in isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter within the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach and the BCS theory by adopting the Argonne V14 and the Argonne V18 nucleonnucleon interactions. We find that pairing gaps in the 3PF2 channel predicted by adopting the AV14 interaction are much larger than those by the AV18 interaction. As the isospin-asymmetry increases, the neutron 3 pF2 superfluidity is found to increase rapidly, whereas the proton one turns out to decrease and may even vanish at high enough asymmetries. As a consequence, the neutron 3pF2 superfluidity is much stronger than the proton one at high asymmetries and it predominates over the proton one in dense neutron-rich matter.展开更多
基金the Changzhou High-Level Medical Talents Training Project,No.2016ZCLJ002
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with high mortality-to-incidence ratios. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 3(NFE2 L3), also known as NRF3, is a member of the cap ‘n' collar basic-region leucine zipper family of transcription factors. NFE2 L3 is involved in the regulation of various biological processes, whereas its role in HCC has not been elucidated.AIM To explore the expression and biological function of NFE2 L3 in HCC.METHODS We analyzed the expression of NFE2 L3 in HCC tissues and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters based on The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) data portal. Short hairpin RNA(shRNA) interference technology was utilized to knock down NFE2 L3 in vitro. Cell apoptosis, clone formation, proliferation, migration,and invasion assays were used to identify the biological effects of NFE2 L3 in BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721 cells. The expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) markers was examined by Western blot analysis.RESULTS TCGA analysis showed that NFE2 L3 expression was significantly positively correlated with tumor grade, T stage, and pathologic stage. The qPCR and Western blot results showed that both the mRNA and protein levels of NFE2 L3 were significantly decreased after shRNA-mediated knockdown in BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721 cells. The shRNA-mediated knockdown of NFE2 L3 could induce apoptosis and inhibit the clone formation and cell proliferation of SMMC-7721 and BEL-7404 cells. NFE2 L3 knockdown also significantly suppressed the migration, invasion, and EMT of the two cell lines.CONCLUSION Our study showed that shRNA-mediated knockdown of NFE2 L3 exhibited tumor-suppressing effects in HCC cells.
基金supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China (31030027, 31470261, 31321001, and 31270191)The Royal Dutch Academy of Science and Arts (08-PSABD-01) is acknowledged for financing part of this research
文摘The actin nucleator actin-related protein complex(Arp2/3) is composed of seven subunits: Arp2,Arp3, p40/ARPC1(P40), p34/ARPC2(P34), p21/ARPC3(P21), p20/ARPC4(P20), and p16/ARPC5(P16). Arp2/3 plays crucial roles in a variety of cellular activities through regulation of actin polymerization. Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(Ac MNPV), one of the beststudied alphabaculoviruses, induces Arp2/3 nuclear relocation and mediates nuclear actin polymerization to assist in virus replication. We have demonstrated that Ac34, a viral late-gene product, induces translocation of the P40 subunit of Arp2/3 to the nucleus during Ac MNPV infection. However, it remains unknown whether Ac34 could relocate other Arp2/3 subunits to the nucleus. In this study, the effects of the viral protein Ac34 on the distribution of these subunits were studied by an immunofluorescence assay. Arp2, P34, P21, and P20 cloned from Spodoptera frugiperda(Sf9) cells showed mainly cytoplasmic localization and were relocated to the nucleus in the presence of Ac34. In addition, Arp3 was localized in the cytoplasm in both the presence and absence of Ac34, and P16 showed whole-cell localization. In contrast to Sf9 cells, all subunits of mammalian Arp2/3 showed no nuclear relocation in the presence of Ac34. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis of the interaction between Ac34 and Arp2/3 subunits revealed that Ac34 bound to P40,P34, and P20 of Sf9 cells. However, none of the subunits of mammalian Arp2/3 interacted with Ac34, indicating that protein-protein interaction is essential for Ac34 to relocate Arp2/3 subunits to the nucleus.
基金Supported by Hebei Province Medical Science Research Project Plan,No.20230755.
文摘BACKGROUND Colony-stimulating factor 3(CSF3)and its receptor(CSF3R)are known to promote gastric cancer(GC)growth and metastasis.However,their effects on the immune microenvironment remain unclear.Our analysis indicated a potential link between CSF3R expression and the immunosuppressive receptor leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B2(LILRB2)in GC.We hypothesized that CSF3/CSF3R may regulate LILRB2 and its ligands,angiopoietin-like protein 2(ANGPTL2)and human leukocyte antigen-G(HLA-G),contributing to immunosuppression.AIM To investigate the relationship between CSF3/CSF3R and LILRB2,as well as its ligands ANGPTL2 and HLA-G,in GC.METHODS Transcriptome sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas were analyzed,stratifying patients by CSF3R expression.Differentially expressed genes and immune checkpoints were evaluated.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)was performed on GC tissues.Correlation analyses of CSF3R,LILRB2,ANGPTL2,and HLA-G were conducted using The Cancer Genome Atlas data and IHC results.GC cells were treated with CSF3,and expression levels of LILRB2,ANGPTL2,and HLA-G were measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.RESULTS Among 122 upregulated genes in high CSF3R expression groups,LILRB2 showed the most significant increase.IHC results indicated high expression of LILRB2(63.0%),ANGPTL2(56.5%),and HLA-G(73.9%)in GC tissues.Strong positive correlations existed between CSF3R and LILRB2,ANGPTL2,and HLA-G mRNA levels(P<0.001).IHC confirmed positive correlations between CSF3R and LILRB2(P<0.001),and HLA-G(P=0.010),but not ANGPTL2(P>0.05).CSF3 increased LILRB2,ANGPTL2,and HLA-G expression in GC cells.Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 modulation significantly altered their expression,impacting CSF3’s regulatory effects.CONCLUSION The CSF3/CSF3R pathway may contribute to immunosuppression in GC by upregulating LILRB2 and its ligands,with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 playing a regulatory role.
文摘Accurate water level measurement in nuclear reactors,particularly in PWRs(pressurized water reactors)and BWRs(boiling water reactors),is essential for ensuring the safety and efficiency of reactor operations.K-type HJTCs(heated junction thermocouples)are widely used for this purpose due to their ability to withstand extreme temperatures and radiation conditions.This article explores the role of HJTCs in reactor water level measurement and compares the performance of 2-wire and 3-wire connections.While the 2-wire connection is simple and cost-effective,it can introduce measurement inaccuracies due to wire resistance.In contrast,the 3-wire connection compensates for lead resistance,offering more precise and reliable measurements,particularly in long-distance applications.This paper discusses the operational considerations of these wiring configurations in the context of nuclear reactors and highlights the importance of choosing the appropriate connection type to optimize safety and measurement accuracy in PWR and BWR reactors.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10575119, 10875151, 10811130077, and 10811130560the Knowledge Innovation Project (KJCX3-SYW-N2) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences+2 种基金the Major State Basic Research Developing Program of China under Grant No. 2007CB815004the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams(CXTD-J2005-1) of Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Asia-Link project (CN/ASIA-LINK/008(94791)) of the European Commission
文摘The 3 P F2 superfluidity of neutron and proton is investigated in isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter within the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach and the BCS theory by adopting the Argonne V14 and the Argonne V18 nucleonnucleon interactions. We find that pairing gaps in the 3PF2 channel predicted by adopting the AV14 interaction are much larger than those by the AV18 interaction. As the isospin-asymmetry increases, the neutron 3 pF2 superfluidity is found to increase rapidly, whereas the proton one turns out to decrease and may even vanish at high enough asymmetries. As a consequence, the neutron 3pF2 superfluidity is much stronger than the proton one at high asymmetries and it predominates over the proton one in dense neutron-rich matter.
