Swing nose crossings(SNXs)have been widely used in heavy haul railways to create a smoother load transfer and hence reduced impact load.However,the current design of SNXs hasn’t been fully examined under heavy haul o...Swing nose crossings(SNXs)have been widely used in heavy haul railways to create a smoother load transfer and hence reduced impact load.However,the current design of SNXs hasn’t been fully examined under heavy haul operating conditions.Additionally,maintenance guidelines for SNX wear-related issues in Australian heavy haul railways are relatively lacking.As such,this study aims to investigate the dynamic response of the wheel-rail contact and analyse the wear performance of an SNX currently used in Australian heavy haul railways.Dynamic implicit-explicit finite element analysis was conducted to simulate the wheel-rail contact along the SNX.The distribution of the wear intensity over the SNX was identified by using a local contact-based wear model.The influence of various scenarios on wear was also explored.The results verify the improved dynamic performance of the SNX,as the increased contact force after load transfer remains below 1.2 times the static load.The findings also indicate that the decrease in relative height and increase in nose rail inclination result in greater wear on the nose rail.Notably,the SNX considered in the current study exhibits better wear performance when used with moderately worn wheels.展开更多
为开发新型高品质的蜂蜜茶酒,利用酿酒酵母和非酿酒酵母混菌发酵制备蜂蜜茶酒,采用电子鼻技术结合顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱(Headspace Solid-Phase Micro Extraction and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS),并...为开发新型高品质的蜂蜜茶酒,利用酿酒酵母和非酿酒酵母混菌发酵制备蜂蜜茶酒,采用电子鼻技术结合顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱(Headspace Solid-Phase Micro Extraction and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS),并对发酵蜂蜜茶酒的基本理化、有机酸和多酚含量进行检测,以酿酒酵母单菌发酵(SF)和非酿酒酵母单菌发酵(HF)产品作为对比分析,综合评价混菌发酵(MF)对蜂蜜茶酒品质和风味的影响。结果表明:相较于SF和HF,MF提高了蜂蜜茶酒总酚和总黄酮含量。发酵后样品的有机酸含量上升,多酚含量下降。HF电子鼻传感器响应值低,且MF大部分传感器响应值大于SF。HS-SPME-GC-MS共鉴定出75种香气成分,混菌发酵使蜂蜜茶酒中的挥发性化合物种类和含量显著增加(P<0.05)。PLS-DA分析共筛选出10种差异化合物(VIP>1),其中有6种为酯类风味物质。OAV>1的关键香气成分共有12种,相较于HF和SF,对MF香气贡献率较高的为具有花香的苯乙醇、蜂蜜甜香的乙酸苯乙酯、水果香气的甲酸戊酯和醋酸正丙酯等。综上,混菌发酵蜂蜜茶酒相较于单菌发酵更具优势,总体风味更丰富浓郁。本文为非酿酒酵母在酒类中的应用及茶叶副产物深加工利用提供了理论依据。展开更多
目的:探讨在(疾病)诊断相关分类(diagnosis related groups,DRGs)形势下,腹腔镜结直肠癌经自然腔道取标本(NOSES)手术方式改进及其可行性。方法:回顾性分析安阳市肿瘤医院2019年2月至2021年2月实施DRGs的42例改进后的腹腔镜结直肠癌NOSE...目的:探讨在(疾病)诊断相关分类(diagnosis related groups,DRGs)形势下,腹腔镜结直肠癌经自然腔道取标本(NOSES)手术方式改进及其可行性。方法:回顾性分析安阳市肿瘤医院2019年2月至2021年2月实施DRGs的42例改进后的腹腔镜结直肠癌NOSES术,并与同期进行常规腹腔镜结直肠癌手术的238例患者在费用、治疗结果、并发症等方面相比较。结果:NOSES改进组42例患者DRGs控费成功率为95.2%(40/42),与常规腹腔镜组在DRGs费用及近期并发症发生率方面无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:腹腔镜结直肠癌NOSES改进手术可以达到DRGs费用标准,手术安全可靠,应用双7号丝线代替部分直线切割闭合器是可行的。展开更多
Samples of pheromone lures used in boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis （Boheman）, eradication programs are routinely analyzed by Gas Chromatography （GC） to ensure lures are adequately dosed with grandlure, the synthet...Samples of pheromone lures used in boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis （Boheman）, eradication programs are routinely analyzed by Gas Chromatography （GC） to ensure lures are adequately dosed with grandlure, the synthetic aggregation phero- mone produced by male weevils. However, preparation of GC samples is tedious, time consuming, and requires a moderate level of experience. We examined the use of a commercially-available electronic nose （e-nose） for rapidly assessing the grandlure contents of lures. The e-nose was trained to recognize headspace collections of grandlure emitted from new lures and after lures were aged under field conditions for 4 d, 7 d, 10 d, and 14 d. Based on cross-validation of the training set, the e-nose was 82% accurate in discriminating among the different age classes of lures. Upon sampling headspace collections of pheromone from a different set of field-aged lures, the e-nose was 〈50% accurate in discriminating 4 d, 7 d, and 10 d aged lures from the other age classes of lures. However, the e-nose identified new and 14 d aged lure samples with 100% accuracy. In light of these findings, e-nose technology shows considerable promise as an alternative approach for rapidly assessing the initial grandlure contents of lures used in boll weevil eradication programs.展开更多
基金supported by Australia Research Council through the Linkage Project(Grant No.LP200100110).
文摘Swing nose crossings(SNXs)have been widely used in heavy haul railways to create a smoother load transfer and hence reduced impact load.However,the current design of SNXs hasn’t been fully examined under heavy haul operating conditions.Additionally,maintenance guidelines for SNX wear-related issues in Australian heavy haul railways are relatively lacking.As such,this study aims to investigate the dynamic response of the wheel-rail contact and analyse the wear performance of an SNX currently used in Australian heavy haul railways.Dynamic implicit-explicit finite element analysis was conducted to simulate the wheel-rail contact along the SNX.The distribution of the wear intensity over the SNX was identified by using a local contact-based wear model.The influence of various scenarios on wear was also explored.The results verify the improved dynamic performance of the SNX,as the increased contact force after load transfer remains below 1.2 times the static load.The findings also indicate that the decrease in relative height and increase in nose rail inclination result in greater wear on the nose rail.Notably,the SNX considered in the current study exhibits better wear performance when used with moderately worn wheels.
文摘为开发新型高品质的蜂蜜茶酒,利用酿酒酵母和非酿酒酵母混菌发酵制备蜂蜜茶酒,采用电子鼻技术结合顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱(Headspace Solid-Phase Micro Extraction and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry,HS-SPME-GC-MS),并对发酵蜂蜜茶酒的基本理化、有机酸和多酚含量进行检测,以酿酒酵母单菌发酵(SF)和非酿酒酵母单菌发酵(HF)产品作为对比分析,综合评价混菌发酵(MF)对蜂蜜茶酒品质和风味的影响。结果表明:相较于SF和HF,MF提高了蜂蜜茶酒总酚和总黄酮含量。发酵后样品的有机酸含量上升,多酚含量下降。HF电子鼻传感器响应值低,且MF大部分传感器响应值大于SF。HS-SPME-GC-MS共鉴定出75种香气成分,混菌发酵使蜂蜜茶酒中的挥发性化合物种类和含量显著增加(P<0.05)。PLS-DA分析共筛选出10种差异化合物(VIP>1),其中有6种为酯类风味物质。OAV>1的关键香气成分共有12种,相较于HF和SF,对MF香气贡献率较高的为具有花香的苯乙醇、蜂蜜甜香的乙酸苯乙酯、水果香气的甲酸戊酯和醋酸正丙酯等。综上,混菌发酵蜂蜜茶酒相较于单菌发酵更具优势,总体风味更丰富浓郁。本文为非酿酒酵母在酒类中的应用及茶叶副产物深加工利用提供了理论依据。
文摘目的:探讨在(疾病)诊断相关分类(diagnosis related groups,DRGs)形势下,腹腔镜结直肠癌经自然腔道取标本(NOSES)手术方式改进及其可行性。方法:回顾性分析安阳市肿瘤医院2019年2月至2021年2月实施DRGs的42例改进后的腹腔镜结直肠癌NOSES术,并与同期进行常规腹腔镜结直肠癌手术的238例患者在费用、治疗结果、并发症等方面相比较。结果:NOSES改进组42例患者DRGs控费成功率为95.2%(40/42),与常规腹腔镜组在DRGs费用及近期并发症发生率方面无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:腹腔镜结直肠癌NOSES改进手术可以达到DRGs费用标准,手术安全可靠,应用双7号丝线代替部分直线切割闭合器是可行的。
文摘Samples of pheromone lures used in boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis （Boheman）, eradication programs are routinely analyzed by Gas Chromatography （GC） to ensure lures are adequately dosed with grandlure, the synthetic aggregation phero- mone produced by male weevils. However, preparation of GC samples is tedious, time consuming, and requires a moderate level of experience. We examined the use of a commercially-available electronic nose （e-nose） for rapidly assessing the grandlure contents of lures. The e-nose was trained to recognize headspace collections of grandlure emitted from new lures and after lures were aged under field conditions for 4 d, 7 d, 10 d, and 14 d. Based on cross-validation of the training set, the e-nose was 82% accurate in discriminating among the different age classes of lures. Upon sampling headspace collections of pheromone from a different set of field-aged lures, the e-nose was 〈50% accurate in discriminating 4 d, 7 d, and 10 d aged lures from the other age classes of lures. However, the e-nose identified new and 14 d aged lure samples with 100% accuracy. In light of these findings, e-nose technology shows considerable promise as an alternative approach for rapidly assessing the initial grandlure contents of lures used in boll weevil eradication programs.
