Chinese physicists are sealing the UN International Year of Quantum Science and Technology(IYQ)with an experiment to help close the classic debate between Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr on quantum uncertainty.To rebut...Chinese physicists are sealing the UN International Year of Quantum Science and Technology(IYQ)with an experiment to help close the classic debate between Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr on quantum uncertainty.To rebut Bohr,Einstein designed a Gedankenexperiment(thought experiment in German),a revised double-slit interference experiment.His design,however,is so challenging to realize that it remained a thought experiment for a long time.Now Profs.CHEN Mingcheng,LU Chaoyang,PAN Jianwei from the University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)and their colleagues built an innovative setup to directly replicate Einstein’s idea-demonstrating that he was wrong.展开更多
分析了新型光电器件在常规空间辐射环境下,电子器件所产生的一系列位移型损伤及对应成因。经多次对比实验发现,其位移损伤和器件失效主要由非电离能损(NIEL)所诱发。其根本损耗来源为:在低能空间状态下,库仑间的相互作用力将凸显,并逐...分析了新型光电器件在常规空间辐射环境下,电子器件所产生的一系列位移型损伤及对应成因。经多次对比实验发现,其位移损伤和器件失效主要由非电离能损(NIEL)所诱发。其根本损耗来源为:在低能空间状态下,库仑间的相互作用力将凸显,并逐渐占据主导地位。而当前主要采用的散射微分截面法,如Mott-Rutherford型散射法,均无法有效屏蔽核外电子间存在的库仑作用力影响,从而导致大量非电离能损产生。由此,文中结合非电离能损特性及成因,在解析算法基础上结合Monte-Carlo推衍方法,以SRIM程序模拟并推算出较精确的低能质子在半导体材料(以Si、Ga AS为例)中的NIEL数值量级,同时参照薄靶近似思想改良实验。实验数据规律表明,能量总值为1 ke V的低能质子材料中NIEL评测数值量级大约为Ga As质子材料的1/5、Summers数值量级的1/3,这一结果将为航天材质设计和改良提供重要的参考。展开更多
The original intention of the author’s preoccupation with the quantum-me-chanical behaviour of simple atoms and molecules such as Hydrogen and He-lium was,on the one hand,the elegant simplicity of Niels Bohr’s atom ...The original intention of the author’s preoccupation with the quantum-me-chanical behaviour of simple atoms and molecules such as Hydrogen and He-lium was,on the one hand,the elegant simplicity of Niels Bohr’s atom model for Hydrogen,describing the metastable states of the excited electrons by pla-nar concentric electron orbits,and,on the other hand,the hardly intelligible wave mechanical approach of Heisenberg,Schrödinger and others,describing mainly atoms with multiple electrons by three-dimensional orbitals which were characterized by probabilities of presence.Thereby the question arose whether it would be possible to find alternative atom models with well-defined electron trajectories.Therein,Louis de Broglie’s thesis of the wavy nature of electron motion implicating standing waves would have to be implemented.Nevertheless,as reviewed in the introduction,the orthodox three-dimensional concept influenced the own thinking in such a way that three-dimensional constellations for the electronic excited states were conceived.The break-through was achieved for the electronic ground state in the form of the spin-orbit coupling where the spin acts as a perpetuum mobile,inducing the orbital angular momentum h/2π.Furthermore,the insight was gained that a circu-larly rotating electron intrinsically corresponds to a harmonic oscillator,thus fulfilling the condition of a standing wave.Based on this concept,a double planar model was established for the H2-molecule which could be empirically verified by X-ray data from literature.However,for the two electrons contain-ing Helium a 2D-array seemed impossible since the Pauli-principle seemed to be violated.After a long stepwise succession of 3D-attempts which turned out to be impossible—not least since eccentric forces are not possible in such a system—the here presented 2D-version for Helium was found,composed by two imaginary orthogonal electron orbits.It will enable in a subsequent pub-lication the quantum mechanical interpretation of the thermal-radiative be-haviour of Helium which was reported in the author’s publication nine years ago.展开更多
文摘Chinese physicists are sealing the UN International Year of Quantum Science and Technology(IYQ)with an experiment to help close the classic debate between Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr on quantum uncertainty.To rebut Bohr,Einstein designed a Gedankenexperiment(thought experiment in German),a revised double-slit interference experiment.His design,however,is so challenging to realize that it remained a thought experiment for a long time.Now Profs.CHEN Mingcheng,LU Chaoyang,PAN Jianwei from the University of Science and Technology of China(USTC)and their colleagues built an innovative setup to directly replicate Einstein’s idea-demonstrating that he was wrong.
文摘分析了新型光电器件在常规空间辐射环境下,电子器件所产生的一系列位移型损伤及对应成因。经多次对比实验发现,其位移损伤和器件失效主要由非电离能损(NIEL)所诱发。其根本损耗来源为:在低能空间状态下,库仑间的相互作用力将凸显,并逐渐占据主导地位。而当前主要采用的散射微分截面法,如Mott-Rutherford型散射法,均无法有效屏蔽核外电子间存在的库仑作用力影响,从而导致大量非电离能损产生。由此,文中结合非电离能损特性及成因,在解析算法基础上结合Monte-Carlo推衍方法,以SRIM程序模拟并推算出较精确的低能质子在半导体材料(以Si、Ga AS为例)中的NIEL数值量级,同时参照薄靶近似思想改良实验。实验数据规律表明,能量总值为1 ke V的低能质子材料中NIEL评测数值量级大约为Ga As质子材料的1/5、Summers数值量级的1/3,这一结果将为航天材质设计和改良提供重要的参考。
文摘The original intention of the author’s preoccupation with the quantum-me-chanical behaviour of simple atoms and molecules such as Hydrogen and He-lium was,on the one hand,the elegant simplicity of Niels Bohr’s atom model for Hydrogen,describing the metastable states of the excited electrons by pla-nar concentric electron orbits,and,on the other hand,the hardly intelligible wave mechanical approach of Heisenberg,Schrödinger and others,describing mainly atoms with multiple electrons by three-dimensional orbitals which were characterized by probabilities of presence.Thereby the question arose whether it would be possible to find alternative atom models with well-defined electron trajectories.Therein,Louis de Broglie’s thesis of the wavy nature of electron motion implicating standing waves would have to be implemented.Nevertheless,as reviewed in the introduction,the orthodox three-dimensional concept influenced the own thinking in such a way that three-dimensional constellations for the electronic excited states were conceived.The break-through was achieved for the electronic ground state in the form of the spin-orbit coupling where the spin acts as a perpetuum mobile,inducing the orbital angular momentum h/2π.Furthermore,the insight was gained that a circu-larly rotating electron intrinsically corresponds to a harmonic oscillator,thus fulfilling the condition of a standing wave.Based on this concept,a double planar model was established for the H2-molecule which could be empirically verified by X-ray data from literature.However,for the two electrons contain-ing Helium a 2D-array seemed impossible since the Pauli-principle seemed to be violated.After a long stepwise succession of 3D-attempts which turned out to be impossible—not least since eccentric forces are not possible in such a system—the here presented 2D-version for Helium was found,composed by two imaginary orthogonal electron orbits.It will enable in a subsequent pub-lication the quantum mechanical interpretation of the thermal-radiative be-haviour of Helium which was reported in the author’s publication nine years ago.
